Mechanized precise cotton topping device and control system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and discloses a cotton mechanized precise topping device and control system.The cotton mechanized precise topping device comprises a laser topping machine body and further comprises topping crawler legs fixedly installed on the front portion and the rear portion of the bottom of the laser topping machine body; the display assembly is arranged in the middle of the front face of the laser topping machine body. The cleaning mechanism is arranged at the top of the inner side of the display panel; according to the technical scheme, by arranging the cleaning brush, the driving motor set and the sealing assembly, when the driving motor set is started, the output end of the driving motor set drives the connecting piece and the cleaning brush to integrally move towards one side, and when the connecting piece moves, one side of the connecting piece extrudes the sealing assembly upwards; and finally, through rotation of the output end of the driving motor set, the cleaning brush can move back and forth to automatically clean the surface of the display panel through the rough surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural equipment technology, specifically a mechanized precision topping device and control system for cotton. Background Technology

[0002] The most common type of mechanized precision topping device for cotton is the laser topping device. A laser topping robot is an agricultural equipment that combines laser technology, machine vision, and intelligent control system. It is mainly used for precision topping of crops such as cotton. It usually uses a high-power blue laser to precisely burn and inactivate the cotton buds through instantaneous high temperature, achieving non-contact operation. This method avoids damage to other parts of the plant caused by traditional mechanical cutting, while also reducing the environmental pollution caused by chemical topping.

[0003] Existing cotton laser top-tapping devices typically require remote control and real-time operation based on data displayed on the device's screen. However, the excessive height of the screen necessitates prolonged periods of lifting the operator's arm to use tools for cleaning, increasing the operator's workload. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a mechanized precision cotton topping device and control system, which has the advantage of facilitating autonomous cleaning of the display screen surface.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a mechanized precision topping device for cotton, comprising a laser topping machine body, and further comprising: topping track legs, the topping track legs being fixedly installed at the front and rear of the bottom of the laser topping machine body; a display component, the display component being disposed in the center of the front of the laser topping machine body; and a cleaning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism being disposed at the top of the inner side of the display panel; wherein, the cleaning mechanism includes a cleaning brush movably installed on one side inside the display component, a connector being fixedly installed on the top of the cleaning brush, a drive motor assembly being fixedly installed inside the laser topping machine body on the inner wall of the top of the connector, the surface of the connector being threadedly connected to the output end of the drive motor assembly, and a sealing component being disposed inside the laser topping machine body on one side of the connector.

[0006] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes a sealing baffle, a movable column, and a first spring;

[0007] The sealing baffle is movably installed on one side of the connector, and the movable column is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing baffle. The top of the movable column is slidably connected to the inner wall of the laser top-forming machine body, and the top of the movable column is elastically connected to the inner wall of the laser top-forming machine body through a first spring.

[0008] Preferably, the display assembly includes a display panel, an electrically telescopic rod, and a shield;

[0009] The display panel is fixedly installed in the middle of the front of the laser top-firing machine body, the electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed inside the laser top-firing machine body and located at the bottom of one side of the display panel, and the shielding plate is fixedly installed at the output end of the electric telescopic rod.

[0010] Preferably, a water supply device is provided in the middle of the front end of the top of the laser top-mounting machine body. The water supply device includes a water storage tank, a supply pipe, a water spray pipe assembly, and a sealing valve.

[0011] The water storage tank is fixedly installed in the middle of the front end of the laser top-mounting machine body. The delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom front end of the water storage tank. The water spray pipe assembly is movably installed inside the laser top-mounting machine body and located at the bottom end of the delivery pipe. The sealing valve is located inside the laser top-mounting machine body and at the bottom of the water spray pipe assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the laser top-firing machine body is provided with a linkage component located on top of the drive motor assembly, the linkage component including a spiral conveying shaft, a transmission connecting rod, a transmission gear and a toothed plate;

[0013] The spiral conveyor shaft is movably sleeved inside the top of the conveyor pipe, the toothed plate is fixedly installed on the top of the connector, the transmission gear is movably sleeved inside the laser top-forming machine body, and the transmission gear is located above one side of the toothed plate. The rear end of the transmission gear is connected to the front end of the spiral conveyor shaft through a transmission connecting rod, and the top of the transmission gear meshes with the surface of the toothed plate.

[0014] Preferably, the laser ceiling mounting machine body is provided with a water guiding component located at the bottom and back of the display panel. The water guiding component includes a water guiding frame, a power motor unit, a rotating disk, a transmission shaft, and a drain pipe.

[0015] The water guide frame is movably installed inside the laser top-mounting machine body, and the water guide frame is located at the bottom of the display panel. The power motor unit is set inside the laser top-mounting machine body and located at the bottom of the back of the water guide frame. The rotating disk is fixedly sleeved on the top of the output end of the power motor unit. The transmission shaft is fixedly sleeved inside the front end of the rotating disk. The drain pipe is fixedly installed in the middle of the laser top-mounting machine body and the front.

[0016] Preferably, the top end of the drive shaft extends to the inner groove at the rear end of the water guide frame, and the circular hole in the middle of the water guide frame is exactly the same size as the inner diameter of the drain pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the laser top-blowing machine body is provided with a first pneumatic component located on the back side of the front end of the water guide frame. The first pneumatic component includes a first air cylinder, a first piston rod, and a second spring.

[0018] The first air cylinder is fixedly installed inside the laser top-drilling machine body and located on the back of the front end of the water guide frame. The first piston rod is movably installed in the inner cavity of the first air cylinder. The back of the first piston rod is elastically connected to the inner wall of the first air cylinder through a second spring.

[0019] Preferably, the laser top-firing machine body is provided with a second pneumatic component located on one side of the top of the water spray pipe assembly. The second pneumatic component includes a second air cylinder, a second piston rod, and a connecting air passage.

[0020] The second air cylinder is fixedly installed inside the laser top-drilling machine body, and the second air cylinder is located on one side of the top of the water spray pipe assembly. The second piston rod is movably installed in the inner cavity of the second air cylinder, and the top of the second air cylinder is connected to the top of the front end of the first air cylinder through a connecting air passage.

[0021] A control system for a mechanized precision topping device for cotton, the system is as follows:

[0022] S1, Sensor Module:

[0023] Laser / infrared sensors: These sensors detect crop canopy height by emitting laser or infrared light and receiving reflected signals. Cotton topping machines use equally spaced parallel laser beam sensors to identify canopy height based on the combination of receiver signal levels. Tobacco topping machines use 15 infrared photoelectric sensors to measure the height of each tobacco plant.

[0024] Ultrasonic sensor: The system uses an ultrasonic sensor to measure crop height and transmit the information to the control unit;

[0025] Encoder: Connected to the cutter or transmission components, it provides real-time feedback on the position information of the actuator;

[0026] S2, Control Unit Module:

[0027] Microcontroller: As the core of the system, it processes sensor data and outputs control commands;

[0028] Algorithm module: Built-in height comparison algorithm and PID control algorithm to achieve dynamic adjustment of cutting height;

[0029] S3, Actuator Module:

[0030] Transmission system: including rack and pinion, stepper motor and hydraulic cylinder, to drive the cutter to lift and lower. Cotton topping machine uses rack and pinion transmission, tobacco topping machine uses stepper motor to drive the roll to rotate;

[0031] Cutting component: Laser cutter, used to remove the apical bud.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] The above technical solution, by setting up a cleaning brush, a drive motor assembly, and a sealing component, allows the output end of the drive motor assembly to drive the connector and the cleaning brush to move to one side when the drive motor assembly is started. As the connector moves, one side of the connector presses the sealing component upward, allowing the connector and the cleaning brush to move smoothly. Finally, the output end of the drive motor assembly rotates, allowing the cleaning brush to move back and forth to autonomously clean the surface of the display panel through the rough surface, greatly reducing the labor intensity of the operator.

[0034] This invention, by setting up a water guiding component, a first pneumatic component, and a second pneumatic component, allows the water guiding component to be activated before cleaning, causing the water guiding part at the front end of the water guiding component to extend. Then, the extension of the front end of the water guiding component causes the front end of the first pneumatic component to extend, thereby introducing the gas at the front end of the inner cavity of the first pneumatic component into the second pneumatic component. This increases the air pressure at the top of the second pneumatic component, thereby pushing the entire linkage component to extend downwards, so that the subsequent water spraying synchronous cleaning mechanism can brush back and forth left and right through the linkage component.

[0035] This invention, by setting up a water delivery device and a linkage component, allows the bottom part of the linkage component to move back and forth synchronously when the drive motor unit is running, causing the output end to drive the connecting parts to move left and right. Then, the upper part of the linkage component is driven, thereby causing the middle part of the water delivery device to rotate, so that the water on the back of the top of the water delivery device can be autonomously guided to the bottom of the water delivery device. Finally, water can be sprayed while the cleaning brush scrapes the surface of the display panel to achieve the purpose of cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the display panel of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the linkage component of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the water guiding component of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the water spray pipe assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point B;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the airway of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point C;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the toothed plate of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point D.

[0047] In the diagram: 1. Laser ceiling drilling machine body; 2. Ceiling drilling tracked leg; 3. Display component; 301. Display panel; 302. Electric telescopic rod; 303. Baffle plate; 4. Cleaning mechanism; 401. Cleaning brush; 402. Connector; 403. Drive motor assembly; 404. Sealing assembly; 4041. Sealing baffle; 4042. Movable column; 4043. First spring; 5. Water supply device; 501. Water tank; 502. Delivery pipe; 503. Water spray pipe assembly; 504. Sealing valve. 6. Linkage assembly; 601. Screw conveyor shaft; 602. Transmission connecting rod; 603. Transmission gear; 604. Toothed plate; 7. Water guiding assembly; 701. Water guiding frame; 702. Power motor set; 703. Rotary disk; 704. Transmission shaft; 705. Drain pipe; 8. First pneumatic assembly; 801. First air cylinder; 802. First piston rod; 803. Second spring; 9. Second pneumatic assembly; 901. Second air cylinder; 902. Second piston rod; 903. Connecting air passage. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, the present invention provides a mechanized precision topping device for cotton, including a laser topping machine body 1, and further including: topping track legs 2, which are fixedly installed at the front and rear of the bottom of the laser topping machine body 1; a display component 3, which is disposed in the middle of the front of the laser topping machine body 1; and a cleaning mechanism 4, which is disposed at the top of the inner side of the display panel 301. The cleaning mechanism 4 includes a cleaning brush 401 movably installed on one side inside the display component 3, a connector 402 fixedly installed on the top of the cleaning brush 401, a drive motor assembly 403 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top of the connector 402 inside the laser topping machine body 1, the surface of the connector 402 being threadedly connected to the output end of the drive motor assembly 403, and a sealing component 404 located on one side of the connector 402 inside the laser topping machine body 1.

[0050] The drive motor 403 rotates the output end, which in turn drives the connector 402 and the cleaning brush 401 to move back and forth as a whole, so that the mirror surface of the display component 3 can be automatically brushed and cleaned.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the sealing assembly 404 includes a sealing baffle 4041, a movable column 4042, and a first spring 4043;

[0052] The sealing baffle 4041 is movably installed on one side of the connector 402, and the movable column 4042 is fixedly installed on the top of the sealing baffle 4041. The top of the movable column 4042 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the laser top-making machine body 1, and the top of the movable column 4042 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the laser top-making machine body 1 through the first spring 4043.

[0053] The above solution is adopted: the elastic force of the first spring 4043 can push the movable column 4042 and the sealing baffle 4041 to move downward as a whole, so as to block the groove generated on one side of the connector 402 through the sealing baffle 4041 and maintain the sealing effect when the display component 3 is closed as a whole.

[0054] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the display component 3 includes a display panel 301, an electric telescopic rod 302, and a shield 303;

[0055] The display panel 301 is fixedly installed in the middle of the front of the laser top-lighting machine body 1. The electric telescopic rod 302 is fixedly installed inside the laser top-lighting machine body 1 and located at the bottom of one side of the display panel 301. The shielding plate 303 is fixedly installed at the output end of the electric telescopic rod 302.

[0056] The above solution is adopted: by setting up a shield 303, the shield 303 can be moved left and right by the operation of the electric telescopic rod 302, so as to achieve the purpose of shielding and sealing the display panel 301 for protection and opening for use.

[0057] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a water supply device 5 is provided in the middle of the front end of the top of the laser top-mounting machine body 1. The water supply device 5 includes a water storage tank 501, a delivery pipe 502, a water spray pipe assembly 503, and a sealing valve disc 504.

[0058] The water storage tank 501 is fixedly installed in the middle of the front end of the laser ceiling machine body 1. The delivery pipe 502 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom front end of the water storage tank 501. The water spray pipe assembly 503 is movably installed inside the laser ceiling machine body 1 and located at the bottom end of the delivery pipe 502. The sealing valve 504 is set inside the laser ceiling machine body 1 and is located at the bottom of the water spray pipe assembly 503.

[0059] By adopting the above solution, the design of the sealing valve 504 can effectively block and seal the bottom of the water spray pipe assembly 503 when it is completely housed inside the laser top-mounting machine body 1.

[0060] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 10 As shown, the surface of the laser top-firing machine body 1 is provided with a linkage component 6 located on top of the drive motor group 403. The linkage component 6 includes a spiral conveying shaft 601, a transmission connecting rod 602, a transmission gear 603, and a toothed plate 604.

[0061] The spiral conveyor shaft 601 is movably sleeved inside the top end of the conveyor pipe 502. The toothed plate 604 is fixedly installed on the top of the connector 402. The transmission gear 603 is movably sleeved inside the laser top-forming machine body 1. The transmission gear 603 is located above one side of the toothed plate 604. The rear end of the transmission gear 603 is connected to the front end of the spiral conveyor shaft 601 through the transmission connecting rod 602. The top of the transmission gear 603 meshes with the surface of the toothed plate 604.

[0062] The above solution is adopted: by setting a transmission link 602, when the connecting piece 402 drives the toothed plate 604 to move left and right, the top teeth of the toothed plate 604 will drive the teeth on the surface of the transmission gear 603, thereby driving the transmission gear 603 to rotate as a whole. Finally, the transmission gear 603 can drive the spiral conveying shaft 601 to rotate synchronously at the top of the conveying pipe 502, so that the water inside the water tank 501 can play a guiding and conveying role.

[0063] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the laser ceiling machine body 1 is equipped with a water guiding component 7 located at the bottom and back of the display panel 301. The water guiding component 7 includes a water guiding frame 701, a power motor unit 702, a rotating disk 703, a drive shaft 704, and a drain pipe 705.

[0064] The water guide frame 701 is movably installed inside the laser top-lighting machine body 1, and the water guide frame 701 is located at the bottom of the display panel 301. The power motor unit 702 is set inside the laser top-lighting machine body 1 and located at the bottom of the back of the water guide frame 701. The rotating disk 703 is fixedly sleeved on the top of the output end of the power motor unit 702. The transmission shaft 704 is fixedly sleeved inside the front end of the rotating disk 703. The drain pipe 705 is fixedly installed in the middle of the front of the laser top-lighting machine body 1.

[0065] The top of the drive shaft 704 extends to the inner groove at the rear end of the water guide frame 701, and the circular hole in the middle of the water guide frame 701 is exactly the same size as the inner diameter of the drain pipe 705.

[0066] Using the above scheme: when the power motor 702 is started and drives the rotating disk 703 to rotate, the top of the transmission shaft 704 can slide in the inner groove at the rear end of the water guide frame 701, thereby driving the water guide frame 701 to extend forward as a whole, so that the central round hole of the water guide frame 701 is aligned with the top of the drain pipe 705. Then, the wastewater generated by brushing the front of the display panel 301 can be guided and discharged through the water guide frame 701 and the drain pipe 705.

[0067] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the laser ceiling machine body 1 is equipped with a first pneumatic component 8 located on the back side of the front end of the water guide frame 701. The first pneumatic component 8 includes a first air cylinder 801, a first piston rod 802 and a second spring 803.

[0068] The first air cylinder 801 is fixedly installed inside the laser top-making machine body 1 and located on the back of the front end of the water guide frame 701. The first piston rod 802 is movably installed in the inner cavity of the first air cylinder 801. The back of the first piston rod 802 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the first air cylinder 801 through the second spring 803.

[0069] The laser ceiling-mounting machine body 1 is equipped with a second pneumatic component 9 located on one side of the top of the water spray pipe assembly 503. The second pneumatic component 9 includes a second air cylinder 901, a second piston rod 902, and a connecting air passage 903.

[0070] The second air cylinder 901 is fixedly installed inside the laser top-drilling machine body 1, and the second air cylinder 901 is located on one side of the top of the water spray pipe assembly 503. The second piston rod 902 is movably installed in the inner cavity of the second air cylinder 901, and the top of the second air cylinder 901 is connected to the top of the front end of the first air cylinder 801 through the connecting air passage 903.

[0071] Using the above scheme: when the water guide frame 701 moves forward as a whole, the elastic force of the second spring 803 is released, thereby pushing the gas at the front end of the inner cavity of the first air cylinder 801 through the connecting air passage 903 to the top of the inner cavity of the second air cylinder 901. This pushes the second piston rod 902 to drive the water spray pipe assembly 503 to move downward as a whole, so that the bottom of the water spray pipe assembly 503 pushes the sealing valve 504 to open until the bottom of the water spray pipe assembly 503 extends out. Finally, water can be passed through the bottom part of the water spray pipe assembly 503 to cooperate with the cleaning brush 401 to brush the front of the display panel 301 from left to right, achieving the effect of brushing.

[0072] A control system for a mechanized precision topping device for cotton, the system is as follows:

[0073] S1, Sensor Module:

[0074] Laser / infrared sensors: These sensors detect crop canopy height by emitting laser or infrared light and receiving reflected signals. Cotton topping machines use equally spaced parallel laser beam sensors to identify canopy height based on the combination of receiver signal levels. Tobacco topping machines use 15 infrared photoelectric sensors to measure the height of each tobacco plant.

[0075] Ultrasonic sensor: The system uses an ultrasonic sensor to measure crop height and transmit the information to the control unit;

[0076] Encoder: Connected to the cutter or transmission components, it provides real-time feedback on the position information of the actuator;

[0077] S2, Control Unit Module:

[0078] Microcontroller: As the core of the system, it processes sensor data and outputs control commands;

[0079] Algorithm module: Built-in height comparison algorithm and PID control algorithm to achieve dynamic adjustment of cutting height;

[0080] S3, Actuator Module:

[0081] Transmission system: including rack and pinion, stepper motor and hydraulic cylinder, to drive the cutter to lift and lower. Cotton topping machine uses rack and pinion transmission, tobacco topping machine uses stepper motor to drive the roll to rotate;

[0082] Cutting component: Laser cutter, used to remove the apical bud.

[0083] Working principle and usage process of this invention:

[0084] First, the operator can activate the electric telescopic rod 302 to move the cover plate 303 to one side and open it, releasing the cover and seal on the display panel 301. Then, the operator can remotely control the display panel 301 to control the overall movement of the laser top-painting machine 1 and to perform laser top-painting on the top of the cotton.

[0085] When the front of the display panel 301 needs cleaning, the power motor 702 can be started first to drive the rotating disk 703 to rotate, so that the transmission shaft 704 slides in the inner groove at the rear end of the water guide frame 701, thereby driving the water guide frame 701 to move forward and extend until the round hole in the middle of the water guide frame 701 is aligned with the top of the drain pipe 705. As the water guide frame 701 moves forward, it will release the supporting effect on the first piston rod 802, thereby causing the second spring 803 to release its elasticity and push the first piston rod 802 to extend forward. Then, it will push the gas at the front end of the inner cavity of the first air cylinder 801 to be introduced into the second air cylinder 901 through the connecting air passage 903. Finally, it will push the second piston rod 902 and the water spray pipe assembly 503 to move downward as a whole, and push the sealing valve 504 to open until the bottom part of the water spray pipe assembly 503 extends out.

[0086] Afterwards, the operator can start the drive motor unit 403, so that the output end of the drive motor unit 403 rotates and drives the connector 402 and the cleaning brush 401 to move to one side. At this time, the inclined surface on one side of the connector 402 will first press the inclined surface at one end of the sealing baffle 4041, which will press and push the sealing baffle 4041 and the movable column 4042 to move upward, so that the connector 402 and the cleaning brush 401 can move to one side.

[0087] Finally, the drive motor 403 is started, driving the connector 402 and the cleaning brush 401 to move left and right. When the cleaning brush 401 brushes the surface of the display panel 301, the toothed plate 604 is simultaneously driven to move back and forth. At this time, due to the meshing relationship between the top of the toothed plate 604 and the surface of the transmission gear 603, the transmission gear 603 can be driven to rotate as a whole. Then, the transmission gear 603 rotates and the transmission connecting rod 602 drives the spiral conveying shaft 601 to rotate in the inner cavity of the top of the conveying pipe 502, so that the water inside the water tank 501 can be transported through the conveying pipe 502 to the inside of the spray pipe assembly 503 and then sprayed out. Finally, the cleaning brush 401 brushes and sprays water at the same time, achieving the purpose of brushing. Afterwards, the sewage can be collected through the top of the water guide frame 701 and discharged downward through the round hole of the water guide frame 701 from the drain pipe 705.

[0088] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0089] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cotton mechanized precision topping device, comprising a laser topping machine body (1), characterized in that: Also include: The toppling caterpillar leg (2) is fixedly installed at the front and rear of the bottom of the laser topping machine body (1); The display assembly (3) is arranged in the middle of the front of the laser topping machine body (1); The cleaning mechanism (4) is arranged at the top of the inside of the display panel (301); Wherein, the cleaning mechanism (4) includes a cleaning brush (401) movably installed on one side of the inside of the display assembly (3), a connecting piece (402) is fixedly installed at the top of the cleaning brush (401), a drive motor set (403) is fixedly installed on the inside of the laser topping machine body (1) and located at the top of the inner wall of the connecting piece (402), the surface of the connecting piece (402) is threadedly connected with the output end of the drive motor set (403), and a sealing assembly (404) is arranged on one side of the connecting piece (402) in the inside of the laser topping machine body (1).

2. The cotton mechanical precision topping device of claim 1, wherein: The sealing assembly (404) includes a sealing baffle (4041), a movable column (4042) and a first spring (4043); The sealing baffle (4041) is movably installed on one side of the connecting piece (402), the movable column (4042) is fixedly installed at the top of the sealing baffle (4041), the top of the movable column (4042) is slidably connected with the inner wall of the laser topping machine body (1), and the top of the movable column (4042) is elastically connected with the inner wall of the laser topping machine body (1) through the first spring (4043).

3. The cotton mechanical precision topping device of claim 1, wherein: The display assembly (3) includes a display panel (301), an electric telescopic rod (302) and a shielding plate (303); The display panel (301) is fixedly installed in the middle of the front of the laser topping machine body (1), the electric telescopic rod (302) is fixedly installed in the inside of the laser topping machine body (1) and located at the bottom of one side of the display panel (301), and the shielding plate (303) is fixedly installed on the output end of the electric telescopic rod (302).

4. The cotton mechanical precision topping device of claim 1, wherein: The middle of the top front end of the laser topping machine body (1) is provided with a water source conveying device (5), and the water source conveying device (5) includes a water storage tank (501), a conveying pipe (502), a water spraying pipe group (503) and a sealing valve (504); The water storage tank (501) is fixedly installed in the middle of the top front end of the laser topping machine body (1), the conveying pipe (502) is fixedly connected in communication with the middle of the bottom of the front of the water storage tank (501), the water spraying pipe group (503) is movably installed in the inside of the laser topping machine body (1) and located at the bottom end of the conveying pipe (502), and the sealing valve (504) is arranged in the inside of the laser topping machine body (1), and the sealing valve (504) is located at the bottom of the water spraying pipe group (503).

5. The cotton mechanical precision topping device of claim 1, wherein: The surface of the laser topping machine body (1) is provided with a linkage assembly (6) located at the top of the drive motor set (403), and the linkage assembly (6) includes a spiral conveying shaft (601), a transmission connecting rod (602), a transmission gear (603) and a toothed plate (604); The spiral conveying shaft (601) is movably sleeved in the inner part of the top end of the conveying pipe (502), the toothed plate (604) is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting piece (402), the transmission gear (603) is movably sleeved in the inner part of the laser top punching machine body (1), and the top of the transmission gear (603) is located above the side of the toothed plate (604); the rear end of the transmission gear (603) is in transmission connection with the front end of the spiral conveying shaft (601) through the transmission connecting rod (602), and the top of the transmission gear (603) is in mesh with the surface of the toothed plate (604).

6. The cotton mechanical precision topping device of claim 1, wherein: The inner part of the laser top punching machine body (1) is provided with a water guide assembly (7) located at the bottom and the back of the display panel (301), and the water guide assembly (7) comprises a water guide frame (701), a power motor group (702), a rotating disc (703), a transmission shaft (704) and a drain pipe (705). The water guide frame (701) is movably installed in the inner part of the laser top punching machine body (1), and the water guide frame (701) is located at the bottom of the display panel (301); the power motor group (702) is arranged in the inner part of the laser top punching machine body (1) and located at the bottom of the back of the water guide frame (701); the rotating disc (703) is fixedly sleeved on the top of the output end of the power motor group (702); the transmission shaft (704) is fixedly sleeved in the inner part of the front end of the rotating disc (703); and the drain pipe (705) is fixedly installed in the middle part of the front of the laser top punching machine body (1).

7. The cotton mechanical precision topping device of claim 6, wherein: The top end of the transmission shaft (704) extends to the inner groove of the rear end of the water guide frame (701), and the size of the circular hole in the middle part of the water guide frame (701) is completely same as the inner diameter of the drain pipe (705).

8. The cotton mechanical precision topping device of claim 1, wherein: The inner part of the laser top punching machine body (1) is provided with a first pneumatic assembly (8) located at the back of the front end of the water guide frame (701) on one side, and the first pneumatic assembly (8) comprises a first air cylinder (801), a first piston rod (802) and a second spring (803). The first air cylinder (801) is fixedly installed in the inner part of the laser top punching machine body (1) and located at the back of the front end of the water guide frame (701) on one side; the first piston rod (802) is movably installed in the inner cavity of the first air cylinder (801); and the back of the first piston rod (802) is elastically connected with the inner wall of the first air cylinder (801) through the second spring (803).

9. The cotton mechanical precision topping device of claim 1, wherein: The inner part of the laser top punching machine body (1) is provided with a second pneumatic assembly (9) located at the top of the water spraying pipe group (503) on one side, and the second pneumatic assembly (9) comprises a second air cylinder (901), a second piston rod (902) and a communication air channel (903). The second air cylinder (901) is fixedly installed in the inner part of the laser top punching machine body (1) and located at the top of the water spraying pipe group (503) on one side; the second piston rod (902) is movably installed in the inner cavity of the second air cylinder (901); and the top of the second air cylinder (901) is communicated with the top of the front end of the first air cylinder (801) through the communication air channel (903).

10. A control system of the mechanical precision topping device for cotton, applied to the mechanical precision topping device for cotton according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The system is as follows: S1, a sensor module: Laser / Infrared Sensor: Detects crop canopy height by emitting laser or infrared light and receiving the reflected signal. The cotton topping machine uses equidistant laser beam sensors that combine the receiver signal levels to identify canopy height. The tobacco topping machine uses 15 infrared photoelectric sensors to measure the height of each tobacco plant. Ultrasonic Sensor: Measures crop height using ultrasonic sensors and transmits the information to the control unit. Encoder: Connected to the cutter or transmission components, it provides real-time feedback on the position of the actuator. S2, Control Unit Module: Single-Chip Microcomputer / Microcontroller: As the core of the system, it processes sensor data and outputs control instructions. Algorithm Module: Contains height comparison algorithms and PID control algorithms to dynamically adjust the cutting height. S3, Actuator Module: Transmission System: Includes gear racks, stepper motors, and hydraulic cylinders to drive the cutter up and down. The cotton topping machine uses gear rack transmission, while the tobacco topping machine uses a stepper motor to drive the reel. Cutting Component: Laser cutter that removes the terminal bud.

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