Wide temperature range temperature parameter black box tester

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of wide temperature range temperature parameter black box tester, belong to industrial measurement and control technical field.The multistage temperature tester protection structure is used, from outside to inside in turn includes fiber heat insulation layer, nano micropore heat insulation layer, phase change heat insulation layer, inner layer high reflection heat insulation layer and vacuum heat insulation layer;Vacuum heat insulation layer is vacuum cavity, and the outer side wall surface of which is equipped with heating sheet array and closed loop feedback control system, for active heat compensation under low temperature environment;Data instant transmission system uses high-temperature-resistant antenna to realize wireless data transmission and time synchronization;Damping and sealing integrated system includes hierarchical damping damping structure and sealing gasket structure.The present application realizes stable, accurate temperature measurement in-190 ℃ to 1300 ℃ wide temperature range, has real-time data transmission, anti-vibration and sealing protection ability, significantly improves the reliability and measurement accuracy of equipment in harsh environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial measurement and control technology, and in particular to a wide-range temperature parameter black box tester. Background Technology

[0002] In cutting-edge industrial fields such as aerospace, energy and chemical engineering, metallurgical manufacturing, and new material synthesis, production and testing processes are often accompanied by extreme temperature environments. For example, the operating temperature of aero-engine turbine blades exceeds 1200℃, while deep space exploration equipment must withstand cryogenic environments below -150℃. In such scenarios, temperature is not merely a basic process parameter, but a core critical factor directly related to product performance, production safety, and energy efficiency. Therefore, the ability to perform accurate, reliable, and long-term stable temperature measurements within a wide temperature range of -190℃ to 1300℃, or even wider, has become an urgent need to drive technological development in these fields.

[0003] However, existing temperature testing equipment has significant limitations when facing such harsh wide-temperature conditions. Most commercial temperature sensors and recorders have electronic components with limited temperature tolerances, typically making it difficult to operate stably for extended periods in environments above 150°C or below -40°C. Direct exposure to extreme high and low temperatures, strong thermal shock, severe mechanical vibration, and potentially corrosive media can easily lead to a sharp drop in measurement accuracy, permanent equipment damage, or even complete data loss, making it impossible to obtain the critical process temperature profiles.

[0004] To protect the core measuring unit, existing technologies typically employ thermal insulation protective boxes or enclosures. For example, Chinese invention patent CN116380264A discloses a "High-Temperature Resistant Protective Box for Temperature Measuring Instruments," which uses a heat-insulating layer, a high-temperature resistant layer, and an internal heat-absorbing layer composed of sodium acetate trihydrate to protect the internal temperature measuring module. This solution increases the thermal inertia of the protective box to some extent, delaying the rise in internal temperature. However, its protective structure is relatively simple, primarily designed for high-temperature environments, and lacks an active thermal compensation mechanism for ultra-low temperature environments, making it unable to operate within a wide temperature range of -190℃ to 1300℃. Furthermore, this solution does not address real-time wireless data transmission and timing functions, still relying on data retrieval after equipment recovery, thus failing to meet the needs for real-time process monitoring and immediate feedback.

[0005] For example, Chinese invention patent CN104507286A discloses a "High-Temperature Protection Box Structure," which uses a sealed outer shell, a high-temperature insulation layer, and a heat-absorbing layer composed of a mixture of water-absorbing resin, water, and paraffin to reduce the rate of temperature rise inside the box. This solution also focuses on high-temperature protection; its heat-absorbing layer is an aqueous system, which may freeze and fail in ultra-low temperature environments and lacks the ability to heat at low temperatures. Furthermore, this protection box structure does not consider the impact of complex mechanical vibration environments on internal precision instruments, lacks effective vibration reduction design, and has insufficient reliability under vibrating conditions.

[0006] In summary, the existing technology has one or more of the following technical problems that urgently need to be solved:

[0007] 1. Narrow temperature range coverage: Existing protection solutions are mostly designed for high or normal temperatures, lacking a comprehensive and effective thermal management strategy covering the entire temperature range from ultra-low to ultra-high temperatures. In particular, there is a lack of active thermal compensation mechanisms to prevent internal instruments from overcooling and failing in ultra-low temperature environments, resulting in the equipment being unable to operate normally within a wide temperature range.

[0008] 2. Inadequate thermal protection system and weak resistance to thermal shock: Most existing technologies employ single-layer or few-layer insulation structures, failing to systematically and progressively block and manage the three heat transfer paths of conduction, convection, and radiation. When faced with drastic temperature changes, the internal temperature is prone to rapid fluctuations, leading to inaccurate measurements and thermal stress damage to the equipment.

[0009] 3. Lack of real-time data interaction capabilities: Many solutions still rely on a "data recording-later retrieval" model, failing to achieve real-time wireless transmission and high-precision time synchronization of measurement data. This limits the value of real-time data monitoring, and in distributed measurements with multiple devices, clock drift makes it difficult to align data in the time dimension, affecting the accuracy of subsequent analysis.

[0010] 4. Insufficient environmental adaptability (vibration, sealing): Existing protective devices often fail to adequately consider the mechanical vibration and corrosive media intrusion in complex industrial environments, or only provide basic physical protection, lacking systematic vibration reduction and sealing integration design, resulting in a significant reduction in the reliability and lifespan of equipment under harsh operating conditions.

[0011] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a comprehensive temperature parameter testing instrument that integrates efficient wide-temperature-range thermal protection, real-time wireless data transmission, and strong mechanical and environmental adaptability, in order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of existing technologies and meet the urgent needs of cutting-edge industrial fields for reliable temperature measurement in extreme environments. Summary of the Invention

[0012] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a wide-range temperature parameter black box tester that integrates a high-temperature antenna transmission design, a vibration buffer system, and a sealing system. This enables real-time wireless transmission of temperature parameters while ensuring stable operation of the measuring instrument in complex environments with factors such as vibration and corrosion. It has significant engineering application value in key areas such as the reliability of temperature testing under complex conditions.

[0013] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester, including an outer shell and a multi-level temperature tester protection structure enclosed by the outer shell;

[0014] The multi-level temperature tester's protective structure, from the outside to the inside, includes a fiber insulation layer, a nanoporous insulation layer, a phase change insulation layer, an inner high-reflectivity insulation layer, and a vacuum insulation layer.

[0015] The vacuum insulation layer is a vacuum cavity. A high-temperature resistant thin-film heating element array is uniformly installed on the outer wall of the vacuum cavity, and a high-precision temperature sensing unit and a closed-loop feedback control system are integrated. When the internal temperature sensor detects that the core area temperature is approaching the lower limit of the allowable operating temperature, the heating element array is automatically activated, and the heating power is precisely controlled to release compensating heat into the interior.

[0016] The real-time data transmission system includes a high-temperature antenna, which uses a high-temperature resistant metal alloy as the radiating element, is fixed by a ceramic base and wrapped with composite heat insulation material, and is used to realize real-time wireless transmission and time synchronization of temperature data.

[0017] The vibration reduction and sealing integrated system includes a graded damping vibration reduction structure and a sealing structure. The graded damping vibration reduction structure includes multiple sets of damping springs disposed in the chambers of the fiber insulation layer and the nanoporous insulation layer. The sealing structure includes a sealing groove on the outer shell, the groove being filled with a gasket of a specific material, and static sealing is achieved by the compression deformation generated by bolt tightening.

[0018] According to one technical solution of the present invention, the fiber insulation layer is formed by filling ceramic fiber material, and is used to undertake physical protection and thermal shock buffering functions;

[0019] The nanoporous thermal insulation layer is used to suppress the heat conduction process, and its thermal conductivity is less than 0.02 W / m·K.

[0020] According to one technical solution of the present invention, the phase change insulation layer is encapsulated by a phase change material with a melting point between 50°C and 800°C, which absorbs and stores latent heat through material phase change to maintain temperature stability;

[0021] The phase change insulation layer is equipped with an overpressure protection device, which is connected to the external environment through a high-temperature capillary barrier microchannel pressure relief valve.

[0022] The inner high-reflectivity heat insulation layer adopts a composite structure of metal foil and low thermal conductivity spacer material, which reflects radiant heat through a high reflectivity surface.

[0023] According to one technical solution of the present invention, the vacuum chamber pressure of the vacuum insulation layer is lower than 10. -2 Pa is used to eliminate gas thermal convection and thermal conduction; the vacuum chamber is equipped with external connection ports for pressure transmitters and vacuum pumps respectively.

[0024] According to one technical solution of the present invention, the high-temperature antenna includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor. The inner conductor is made of platinum or platinum-rhodium alloy and is wrapped with high-purity alumina ceramic material. The outer layer is covered with a high-temperature resistant metal wire braided mesh and armored with a high-temperature alloy.

[0025] The high-temperature antenna is also equipped with a test recorder.

[0026] According to one technical solution of the present invention, the real-time data transmission system further includes a low-power transmission module for driving the antenna to wirelessly transmit data packets to an external receiving station using an anti-interference communication protocol;

[0027] The real-time data transmission system automatically generates instructions to adjust the actuator based on a preset process range, thereby achieving closed-loop parameter control and abnormal status alarm.

[0028] According to one technical solution of the present invention, the real-time data transmission system has a built-in high-stability room-temperature compensator as a local clock source, and receives the absolute time signal sent by the base station through the antenna for synchronization correction.

[0029] According to one technical solution of the present invention, the springs of the graded damping vibration reduction structure are matched according to the weight and natural frequency of each layer to form a dual vibration reduction system;

[0030] The springs in the chambers of the nanoporous thermal insulation layer are used to absorb high-frequency micro-vibrations, while the springs in the chambers of the fiber thermal insulation layer are used to buffer large-amplitude low-frequency impacts.

[0031] According to one technical solution of the present invention, the gasket material of the sealing structure is determined according to the working atmosphere.

[0032] According to one technical solution of the present invention, the operating temperature range of the wide temperature range black box tester is -190℃ to 1300℃.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] This invention proposes a wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester. Through a five-layer composite thermal protection structure combined with a built-in heating compensation system, it achieves reliable operation of a single tester within an ultra-wide temperature range of -190℃ to 1300℃. The outer fiber layer resists physical impact and provides initial thermal buffering; the nanoporous layer efficiently suppresses heat conduction; the phase change insulation layer absorbs a large amount of heat through latent heat of phase change, maintaining an internal temperature plateau; the reflective layer directly reflects radiant heat; and the vacuum layer virtually eliminates convective heat transfer and gas conduction. Employing a "step-by-step isolation, active compensation" thermal management strategy, the internal temperature measurement instrument's internal temperature rise rate is greatly slowed down under drastic external temperature changes, maintaining a stable temperature field and fundamentally solving the problems of inaccurate temperature measurement and instrument failure. Combined with a high-temperature antenna and vibration-damping sealing design, this constitutes a "black box" type temperature measurement solution that can operate stably in the most demanding environments in aerospace, metallurgy, chemical, and energy fields. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the components of a wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the high-temperature antenna structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the damping spring in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 The schematic diagram illustrates the structure of the sealing structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure label:

[0041] 1. Outer shell; 2. Fiber insulation layer; 3. Nanoporous insulation layer; 4. Phase change insulation layer; 5. Inner high-reflectivity insulation layer; 6. Vacuum insulation layer; 7. Heating element array; 8. Test recorder; 9. Inner spring; 10. Outer spring; 11. Sealing structure; 12. High-temperature antenna; 121. Inner conductor; 122. Outer conductor; 123. Ceramic base. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The description of the embodiments in this specification should be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which should form part of the complete specification. In the drawings, the shape or thickness of the embodiments may be exaggerated and may be indicated in a simplified or convenient manner. Furthermore, parts of the various structures in the drawings will be described separately; it is worth noting that elements not shown in the figures or not described in words are in a form known to those skilled in the art.

[0043] The descriptions of the embodiments herein, including any references to directions and orientations, are for ease of description only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The following description of preferred embodiments involves combinations of features, which may exist independently or in combination; the invention is not particularly limited to the preferred embodiments. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester of the present invention includes an outer shell 1 and a multi-level temperature tester protection structure enclosed by the outer shell 1;

[0045] The multi-level temperature tester's protective structure, from the outside to the inside, includes a fiber insulation layer 2, a nanoporous insulation layer 3, a phase change insulation layer 4, an inner high-reflectivity insulation layer 5, and a vacuum insulation layer 6. This five-layer structure is not a simple stacking, but an innovative design based on the three heat transfer paths of heat conduction, heat convection, and heat radiation, which involves systematic and segmented blocking and management.

[0046] The vacuum insulation layer 6 forms the innermost core protective cavity, inside which a high-precision temperature measuring instrument module is housed. To achieve wide-temperature-range operation, a high-temperature resistant thin-film heating element array 7 is uniformly installed on the outer wall of the vacuum cavity, integrating a high-precision temperature sensing unit and a closed-loop feedback control system. When the system detects that the internal core area temperature is approaching the operating lower limit of the temperature measuring instrument (e.g., -150℃) due to the external ultra-low temperature environment, the closed-loop control system automatically activates the heating elements, controls the heating power through a precise PID algorithm, and releases compensating heat in a directional manner to effectively offset the heat loss caused by the external low temperature, thereby maintaining the internal temperature within the safe operating range of the measuring instrument.

[0047] The core component of the real-time data transmission system is a high-temperature antenna 12 with a multi-level thermal protection design. This antenna overcomes the bottlenecks of traditional antennas, such as easy failure and large signal attenuation at high temperatures. It uses a high-temperature resistant metal alloy (such as platinum or platinum-rhodium alloy) as the radiating element, is fixed by a ceramic base 123 of high-purity alumina, and is wrapped with composite heat insulation material, which ensures its structural stability and signal transmission efficiency over a wide temperature range.

[0048] The vibration reduction and sealing integrated system includes a graded damping vibration reduction structure and a sealing structure 11. The graded damping vibration reduction structure includes multiple sets of damping springs disposed in the chambers of the fiber insulation layer 2 and the nanoporous insulation layer 3. The sealing structure 11 includes a sealing groove on the outer shell 1, the groove being filled with a gasket of a specific material, and static sealing is achieved by the compression deformation generated by bolt tightening.

[0049] By combining a five-layer composite thermal protection structure with a built-in heating compensation system, reliable operation of a single testing instrument is achieved within an ultra-wide temperature range of -190℃ to 1300℃. The outer fiber layer resists physical impact and provides initial thermal buffering; the nanoporous layer efficiently suppresses heat conduction; the phase change insulation layer 4 absorbs a large amount of heat through latent heat of phase change, maintaining an internal temperature plateau; the reflective layer directly reflects radiant heat; and the vacuum layer virtually eliminates convective heat transfer and gas conduction. Employing a "step-by-step isolation, active compensation" thermal management strategy, the internal temperature measurement instrument's internal temperature rise rate is greatly slowed down under drastic external temperature changes, maintaining a stable temperature field and fundamentally solving the problems of inaccurate temperature measurement and instrument failure. Combined with the high-temperature antenna 12 and vibration-damping sealing design, this constitutes a "black box" type temperature measurement solution that can operate stably in the most demanding environments in aerospace, metallurgy, chemical, and energy fields.

[0050] The high-temperature antenna 12 is also equipped with a test recorder 8, which is equipped with relevant recording software and has the ability to automatically record data, compare process curves, and report production. It can form a complete closed loop from data acquisition, transmission, processing to control, which significantly improves the reliability, automation level and process quality traceability of high-temperature measurement.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, thermal protection design may optionally be based on an active cooling system. Specifically, an external air source or liquid cooling circulation system may be used to flush an intermediate medium into the protective device jacket, thereby regulating the instrument temperature through forced convection to achieve the thermal protection purpose of the temperature measuring instrument. Although this method relies on external energy and complex auxiliary equipment, it can effectively reduce the temperature.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the fiber insulation layer 2 is formed by filling ceramic fiber material and is used to provide physical protection and thermal shock buffering functions.

[0053] The nanoporous thermal insulation layer 3 is used to suppress the heat conduction process, and its thermal conductivity is less than 0.02 W / m·K.

[0054] The outermost fiber insulation layer 2 is preferably made of high-strength ceramic fiber material (such as alumina-silica fiber) filled through vacuum forming or needle punching processes. This layer not only needs to have excellent thermal insulation performance, but also needs to provide initial physical protection and thermal shock buffering. Its porous, interwoven fiber structure can effectively absorb and disperse the mechanical impact energy that may exist externally. At the same time, when encountering external high-temperature heat flow, its low thermal diffusivity forms an initial temperature gradient, preventing heat from being transferred inward instantly, thus buying valuable response time for the inner layer protection.

[0055] The nanoporous thermal insulation layer 3, closely attached to the inner side of the fiber thermal insulation layer 2, is a key component of the protective system for suppressing heat conduction. This layer utilizes a nanoporous thermal insulation material with a thermal conductivity below 0.02 W / m·K, such as an aerogel composite material based on silica nanoparticles. Its insulation mechanism lies in the fact that the nanoscale pores (typically less than 70 nm) within the material are sufficient to confine air molecules to a stationary state, thus cutting off the gas convection heat transfer path. Simultaneously, the "infinite number of heat shields" effect of the nanopore walls greatly limits solid-state heat conduction and radiative heat transfer. The nanoporous thermal insulation layer 3 can significantly slow down the heat conduction process in the medium-high temperature range (300℃ ~ 1000℃), ensuring that the entire protective structure has extremely low steady-state heat transfer at high temperatures.

[0056] The combination of the fiber layer and the nanoporous layer constitutes a primary protective barrier. The fiber layer resists physical damage and buffers thermal shock; the nanoporous layer reduces heat conduction with its extremely low thermal conductivity. The synergistic work of these two layers blocks most of the external heat, greatly reducing the heat flux density transferred to the internal phase change insulation layer 4 and the vacuum layer.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the phase change heat insulation layer 4 is encapsulated by a phase change material with a melting point between 50°C and 800°C, which absorbs and stores latent heat through material phase change to maintain temperature stability.

[0058] The phase change insulation layer 4 is equipped with an overpressure protection device, which is connected to the external environment through a high-temperature capillary barrier microchannel pressure relief valve.

[0059] The phase change insulation layer 4 is located within the nanoporous insulation layer 3. This layer is composed of a phase change material encapsulated in a metal or ceramic container. To achieve thermal management over a wide temperature range, the selected phase change material has a melting point between 50°C and 800°C, and can be optimized based on the main high-temperature range expected to operate by the testing instrument.

[0060] For example, for the general temperature range of 50℃ to 200℃, materials such as paraffin or water can be selected. In general, a single material is used as the filler for the phase change insulation layer 4. In some higher temperature ranges, a mixture of multiple phase change materials can also be considered as the filler.

[0061] By using phase change materials to construct a phase change insulation layer 4, the internal temperature can be effectively maintained relatively stable when faced with rapid temperature changes or short-term ultra-high temperature shocks, thus avoiding damage to internal precision instruments caused by thermal shock.

[0062] In addition, to prevent excessive internal pressure caused by the volume expansion of the phase change material during phase change, this layer is equipped with an overpressure protection device, which is connected to the external environment through a high-temperature capillary barrier microchannel pressure relief valve. This valve remains sealed during normal operation, and automatically opens to relieve pressure when the internal pressure exceeds a set threshold, ensuring structural safety.

[0063] The inner high-reflectivity heat insulation layer 5 adopts a composite structure of metal foil and low thermal conductivity spacer material, which reflects radiant heat through a high reflectivity surface.

[0064] Typically, the inner high-reflectivity heat insulation layer 5 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the vacuum cavity. This layer is a composite structure made of alternating layers of metal foil (such as polished aluminum foil or stainless steel foil) and low thermal conductivity spacer material (such as ceramic fiber paper), or it can be designed with a single material. Its working principle is to utilize the high reflectivity surface of the metal foil (infrared reflectivity > 0.9) to directly reflect the heat radiation energy that penetrates it back, greatly weakening radiation heat transfer, the dominant heat transfer mode at high temperatures. The low thermal conductivity spacer material ensures the positioning between the metal foils and further suppresses contact heat conduction.

[0065] The combination of phase change insulation layer 4 and high reflectivity layer enables precise control over transient thermal shock and steady-state radiative heat transfer. Phase change insulation layer 4 can smooth out temperature fluctuations, creating a stable thermal environment for internal measurements; while the high reflectivity layer can isolate the most penetrating radiative heat, combining active heat absorption with passive reflection to form a thermal defense line protecting the internal vacuum cavity and temperature measuring instrument.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vacuum chamber pressure of the vacuum insulation layer 6 is lower than 10. -2 Pa is used to eliminate gas thermal convection and thermal conduction; the vacuum chamber is equipped with external connection ports for pressure transmitters and vacuum pumps respectively.

[0067] The vacuum insulation layer 6 is the innermost layer of the entire thermal protection system, and its core is a sealed cavity evacuated to a high vacuum. The air pressure in the vacuum cavity should be below 10. -2 At this vacuum level (Pa), gas molecules are extremely rarefied, and thermal convection and conduction of gas molecules are almost completely eliminated, achieving theoretically optimal thermal insulation. To establish and maintain this vacuum environment, the vacuum chamber is equipped with external connection ports for connecting a pressure transmitter and a vacuum pump, respectively, so as to monitor the vacuum level before the test instrument is used, and to achieve and maintain the required vacuum conditions by means of the vacuum pump when necessary.

[0068] To achieve normal operation in low-temperature environments, the innovative design of this invention lies in the uniform arrangement of a high-temperature resistant thin-film heating element array 7 (such as a platinum heating circuit fabricated using thick-film printing technology) on the outer wall of the vacuum chamber. This array, together with a high-precision temperature sensing unit (such as a platinum resistance thermometer PT1000) integrated within the chamber, constitutes a closed-loop feedback control system.

[0069] Its workflow is as follows: The temperature sensing unit monitors the temperature inside the vacuum chamber in real time. When the internal temperature approaches the lower limit of the measuring instrument's allowable operating temperature (e.g., set to -150℃), the signal processing unit of the control system immediately issues a command to automatically activate the heating element array 7. Based on the difference between the internal temperature and the set target temperature, the system precisely controls the power applied to the heating elements using a PID (proportional-integral-derivative) algorithm. The Joule heat generated by the heating elements is directionally released into the vacuum chamber through heat conduction, effectively offsetting the heat loss caused by the external ultra-low temperature environment, thereby stably maintaining the temperature of the internal core area within the optimal operating range of the measuring instrument.

[0070] The vacuum layer also serves as a heat insulation method, and the active heating of the outer side using heating elements cleverly solves the problem of the vacuum layer "only insulating heat but not keeping it warm" in ultra-low temperature environments. At the same time, it achieves "passive isolation" and "active compensation" in one device, making the tester of this invention applicable to a huge temperature range from -190℃ ultra-low temperature to 1300℃ ultra-high temperature. This ensures that the internal temperature measuring instrument is always in a stable and controllable thermal environment, whether in liquid nitrogen environment, space environment, or high-temperature furnace, thereby guaranteeing the long-term accuracy and reliability of the measurement data.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, the high-temperature antenna 12 includes an inner conductor 121 and an outer conductor 122. The inner conductor 121 is made of platinum or platinum-rhodium alloy and is wrapped with high-purity alumina ceramic material. The outer layer is covered with a high-temperature resistant metal wire braided mesh and armored with a high-temperature alloy.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-temperature antenna 12 employs a special high-temperature resistant coaxial structure design to achieve reliable wireless communication under extreme temperatures. Its inner conductor 121 is preferably made of precious metal materials such as platinum or platinum-rhodium alloys, which maintain excellent conductivity and mechanical strength even at high temperatures. The outer surface of the inner conductor 121 is wrapped with a high-purity alumina ceramic (purity ≥99.5%) as an insulating layer. Alumina ceramic not only has excellent insulation properties but can also withstand temperatures exceeding 1500℃ without deformation or performance degradation.

[0073] The outermost layer of the antenna is the outer conductor 122, which is covered with a woven mesh of high-temperature resistant metal wire (such as nickel-chromium alloy wire) and protected by high-temperature alloy armor (such as 310S stainless steel) on the outermost surface. This not only ensures the flexibility and mechanical strength of the antenna, but also constitutes effective electromagnetic shielding and physical protection, and can maintain stable signal transmission characteristics in continuous high-temperature environments.

[0074] The entire antenna unit is fixed to the tester housing by a ceramic base 123 (such as aluminum nitride ceramic). The part of the antenna that passes through the housing is filled and wrapped with the aforementioned composite heat insulation material to ensure that heat is not transferred into the interior through the antenna. At the same time, a sealing structure 11 is designed between the antenna and the partition, for example, to form a tight seal with the metal shell by active brazing process.

[0075] After the temperature parameters are acquired by the internal test instrument, they are encoded and driven by a low-power transmission module. Through the high-temperature antenna 12, data packets containing temperature data and timestamps are wirelessly transmitted to an external base station or receiving station using an interference-resistant communication protocol (such as LoRa or a custom spread spectrum protocol).

[0076] The high-temperature antenna 12 of this invention overcomes the limitations imposed by temperature on wireless transmission. Its multi-layered high-temperature resistant materials and structural design ensure the antenna's physical stability and signal transmission efficiency stability across a wide temperature range. Through wireless transmission, remote real-time monitoring of temperature parameters is achieved, allowing operators to acquire data without being physically present at hazardous high or low temperature environments. By combining the system's built-in high-stability room-temperature compensator (high-stability room-temperature compensating crystal oscillator) with clock synchronization using the absolute time signal received from the base station via the antenna, clock drift errors can be effectively eliminated, thereby maintaining a high degree of consistency in the time dimension of data from multiple devices.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, the springs of the graded damping vibration reduction structure are matched according to the weight and natural frequency of each layer to form a dual vibration reduction system;

[0078] The springs in the chambers of the nanoporous heat insulation layer 3 are used to absorb high-frequency micro-vibrations, and the springs in the chambers of the fiber heat insulation layer 2 are used to buffer large-amplitude low-frequency impacts.

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, the graded damping vibration reduction structure adopts a dual buffering strategy. Specifically, multiple sets of damping springs made of high-temperature alloy material (such as Inconel 718) or ceramic material (such as zirconium oxide) are respectively set in the outermost shell (fiber insulation layer 2) and the second chamber (nanoporous insulation layer 3).

[0080] Meanwhile, the multiple vibration damping springs in this invention are not randomly arranged, but are determined after precise matching and calculation based on the weight distribution and natural frequency of each protective layer. The outer spring 10 typically has higher stiffness and is mainly used to buffer large low-frequency impacts from transportation, installation, or the environment, preventing fatigue damage to the overall structure due to resonance. The inner spring 9 is relatively soft and is mainly responsible for absorbing high-frequency micro-vibrations transmitted from the equipment itself or externally, providing an extremely stable testing platform for the innermost precision temperature measuring instrument.

[0081] Precision-machined sealing grooves are present on the mating flanges of the outer shell. Gaskets of a specific material are filled within these grooves, achieving a static seal through the compressive deformation generated when high-strength bolts are tightened. The selection of gasket material is intelligently adaptive.

[0082] In non-oxidizing working environments (such as nitrogen or argon protective atmospheres), graphite gaskets are used because they have good compression resilience and sealing properties.

[0083] In working environments containing oxidizing media (such as air or oxygen), the selection is dynamically based on the ambient temperature:

[0084] Graphite gaskets are used within an ambient temperature range of -190℃ to 600℃.

[0085] When the ambient temperature rises above 600℃, graphite is prone to oxidation and failure in the air. Therefore, metal ring gaskets (such as stainless steel / soft iron spiral wound gaskets) are used for sealing to ensure the reliability of the seal at high temperatures.

[0086] Graded vibration damping and static sealing significantly improve the overall robustness and service life of the testing instrument under complex and harsh operating conditions. The springs in the graded damping vibration reduction structure achieve layered absorption and effective attenuation of broadband mechanical vibration energy, ensuring that internal precision components can still operate accurately under continuous vibration. The adaptive sealing scheme effectively resists the intrusion of external dust, moisture, and corrosive media, and prevents leakage of internal vacuum or protective atmosphere, providing a solid guarantee for the long-term, maintenance-free operation of the testing instrument in various industrial environments.

[0087] The following describes the working process of the wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester of the present invention.

[0088] During assembly, the functional module of the temperature measuring instrument is first placed and fixed in the center of the innermost vacuum chamber. Then, the inner high-reflectivity heat insulation layer 5, phase change heat insulation layer 4, nanoporous heat insulation layer 3, and fiber heat insulation layer 2 are assembled sequentially, ensuring tight contact between layers to reduce interlayer thermal resistance. The thin-film heating element array 7 is then attached to the outer wall of the vacuum chamber, and the temperature sensor and control system wiring are connected. Finally, the graded vibration damping springs and sealing gaskets are installed, the outer protective shell is closed, and bolts are tightened to the predetermined torque to complete the encapsulation of the entire testing instrument.

[0089] Before use, evacuate the vacuum chamber to below 10°C via the vacuum interface. -2 The vacuum level is measured in Pa. The tester is placed in the high or low temperature environment to be tested. The internal temperature measuring instrument starts working, and its data is transmitted in real time through the high-temperature antenna 12.

[0090] Example of working scenario 1 (high temperature environment): When the tester is placed in a simulated industrial furnace environment at 1000℃, the external heat is buffered by the fiber layer, strongly blocked by the nanoporous layer, largely absorbed by the phase change insulation layer 4 (if the melting point of the phase change material is within the range), and reflected by the reflective layer. In the end, only a very small amount of heat flow can reach the vacuum chamber. Because the vacuum environment almost eliminates convection and conduction, the internal temperature rises slowly, allowing the measuring instrument to work stably for a long time in an environment far exceeding its own temperature resistance limit, and to collect accurate furnace temperature curves.

[0091] Example of operating scenario 2 (low temperature environment): When the test instrument is placed in a lunar simulation environment of -180℃, internal heat will be lost to the outside through thermal radiation and solid conduction. When the internal temperature sensor detects that the temperature is close to the lower limit, the closed-loop feedback control system is immediately activated, controlling the heating element array 7 on the outer wall of the vacuum chamber to accurately heat up, compensate for heat loss, maintain the internal temperature within the operating range, and prevent the measuring instrument from degrading or being damaged due to overcooling.

[0092] Throughout the process, regardless of the external vibration, the graded vibration reduction system can effectively protect the internal structure; regardless of the environmental medium, the intelligent sealing system can ensure the purity and stability of the internal environment.

[0093] In summary, the wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester of the present invention employs a five-layer composite structure consisting of a fiber insulation layer, a nanoporous insulation layer, a phase change insulation layer, an inner high-reflectivity insulation layer, and a vacuum cavity, significantly improving the thermal protection performance of the temperature measuring instrument. Under low-temperature conditions, the heating element installed on the outer wall of the vacuum cavity can be activated to release compensating heat into the interior, effectively offsetting heat loss caused by the external low-temperature environment. The proposed temperature measuring instrument can achieve accurate temperature measurement over a wide temperature range (-190℃-1300℃), avoiding the problems of temperature measuring instrument failure and large temperature drift.

[0094] This invention achieves real-time wireless data transmission and high-precision time synchronization under extreme temperature environments through a high-temperature antenna, ensuring physical stability and signal transmission efficiency over a wide temperature range, and guaranteeing high consistency of distributed measurements across multiple devices in the time dimension. By receiving data in real time, the system can realize intelligent feedback adjustment functions and promptly alarm in case of anomalies. Combined with the accompanying software for automatic data recording, process curve comparison, and production capacity reporting, a complete closed loop from data acquisition, transmission, processing to control can be formed, significantly improving the reliability, automation level, and process quality traceability capabilities of high-temperature measurements.

[0095] This invention employs a graded vibration reduction and housing sealing design, significantly improving the overall robustness and lifespan of the equipment under harsh mechanical vibration and corrosive conditions. The dual damping spring system effectively distinguishes and absorbs a wide range of mechanical energy, from high-frequency minute vibrations to low-frequency large impacts, preventing resonance and protecting precision components. The sealing system resists the intrusion of external media and prevents abnormal internal pressure.

[0096] It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above description represents a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that although preferred embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art, once they understand the basic inventive concept of the present invention, can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles described herein. These improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester, characterized in that, Includes an outer casing and a multi-level temperature testing instrument protective structure enclosed by the outer casing; The multi-level temperature tester's protective structure, from the outside to the inside, includes a fiber insulation layer, a nanoporous insulation layer, a phase change insulation layer, an inner high-reflectivity insulation layer, and a vacuum insulation layer. The vacuum insulation layer is a vacuum cavity. A high-temperature resistant thin-film heating element array is uniformly installed on the outer wall of the vacuum cavity, and a high-precision temperature sensing unit and a closed-loop feedback control system are integrated. When the internal temperature sensor detects that the core area temperature is approaching the lower limit of the allowable operating temperature, the heating element array is automatically activated, and the heating power is precisely controlled to release compensating heat into the interior. The real-time data transmission system includes a high-temperature antenna, which uses a high-temperature resistant metal alloy as the radiating element, is fixed by a ceramic base and wrapped with composite heat insulation material, and is used to realize real-time wireless transmission and time synchronization of temperature data. The vibration reduction and sealing integrated system includes a graded damping vibration reduction structure and a sealing structure. The graded damping vibration reduction structure includes multiple sets of damping springs disposed in the chambers of the fiber insulation layer and the nanoporous insulation layer. The sealing structure includes a sealing groove on the outer shell, with a gasket filled in the groove, and static sealing is achieved by the compression deformation generated by bolt tightening.

2. The wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber insulation layer is formed by filling ceramic fiber material and is used to provide physical protection and thermal shock buffering. The nanoporous thermal insulation layer is used to suppress the heat conduction process, and its thermal conductivity is less than 0.02 W / m·K.

3. The wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change insulation layer is encapsulated by a phase change material with a melting point between 50°C and 800°C. It absorbs and stores latent heat through material phase change to maintain temperature stability. The phase change insulation layer is equipped with an overpressure protection device, which is connected to the external environment through a high-temperature capillary barrier microchannel pressure relief valve. The inner high-reflectivity heat insulation layer adopts a composite structure of metal foil and low thermal conductivity spacer material, which reflects radiant heat through a high reflectivity surface.

4. The wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum chamber pressure of the vacuum insulation layer is lower than 10. -2 Pa is used to eliminate gas thermal convection and thermal conduction; the vacuum chamber is equipped with external connection ports for pressure transmitters and vacuum pumps respectively.

5. The wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature antenna includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor. The inner conductor is made of platinum or platinum-rhodium alloy and is wrapped with high-purity alumina ceramic material. The outer conductor is covered with a high-temperature resistant metal wire braided mesh and armored with a high-temperature alloy. The high-temperature antenna is also equipped with a test recorder.

6. The wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time data transmission system also includes a low-power transmission module for driving the antenna to wirelessly transmit data packets to an external receiving station using an interference-resistant communication protocol; The real-time data transmission system automatically generates instructions to adjust the actuator based on a preset process range, thereby achieving closed-loop parameter control and abnormal status alarm.

7. The wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester according to claim 6, characterized in that, The real-time data transmission system has a built-in high-stability room-temperature compensator as a local clock source and receives the absolute time signal sent by the base station through the antenna for synchronization correction.

8. The wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The springs of the graded damping vibration reduction structure are matched according to the weight and natural frequency of each layer to form a dual vibration reduction system. The springs in the chambers of the nanoporous thermal insulation layer are used to absorb high-frequency micro-vibrations, while the springs in the chambers of the fiber thermal insulation layer are used to buffer large-amplitude low-frequency impacts.

9. The wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gasket material of the sealing structure is determined according to the working environment.

10. The wide-temperature-range temperature parameter black box tester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating temperature range of the wide-temperature-range black box tester is -190℃ to 1300℃.

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