Construction site light storage energy management method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of Things, constructional engineering and light storage energy management, and provides a construction site light storage energy management method and system.The method comprises the steps that stage control parameters input into a tower crane control system are obtained based on the Internet of Things technology; based on the current position of the suspension arm, the fixed length of the suspension arm, the telescopic length of the suspension arm and the rotation angle of the suspension arm, predicting the regional position of the suspension arm projected to the ground in the rotation process, and obtaining regional position coordinates; determining each shielded photovoltaic sub-array based on the regional position coordinates and the plane coordinates of the photovoltaic sub-arrays; sending a first control instruction to an inverter corresponding to the shielded photovoltaic sub-array in response to an instruction that the staged control parameter is executed after a preset time, so as to switch the working mode of the inverter from a maximum power tracking mode to a constant voltage output mode; and performing light storage energy management based on the photovoltaic output power switched to the constant voltage output mode. According to the method, prospective management of dynamic shielding is realized, and the hot spot risk is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the fields of Internet of Things, building engineering, and photovoltaic energy storage management technology, and in particular to a method and system for photovoltaic energy storage management at construction sites. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage systems on construction sites, the installation locations of photovoltaic (PV) panels may overlap with the areas occupied by tower cranes. During tower crane operation, the boom dynamically shades the PV panels as its rotation angle changes. This causes hot spot effects in the shaded areas due to sudden changes in sunlight, reducing overall PV output and shortening module lifespan. Current PV-energy storage control methods often employ fixed maximum power point tracking (MPPT) modes for PV inverters, which can only passively respond to changes in sunlight intensity. They cannot predict tower crane shading, the timing and location of shading, or proactively adjust the inverter's operating mode to achieve stable PV system operation. Therefore, this problem needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this application is to provide a method and system for managing photovoltaic and energy storage at construction sites, which aims to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for managing photovoltaic and energy storage at a construction site, the method comprising: The staged control parameters input to the tower crane control system are acquired based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology; wherein, the staged control parameters include boom rotation angle and boom extension length; Obtain the fixed length and current position of the boom. Based on the current position, fixed length, telescopic length, and rotation angle of the boom, predict the area position of the boom projected onto the ground during rotation and obtain the area position coordinates. The photovoltaic array is composed of multiple photovoltaic subarrays, each of which is equipped with a corresponding inverter. The planar coordinates of each photovoltaic subarray are recorded. Each shaded photovoltaic subarray is determined based on its regional location coordinates and the planar coordinates of the photovoltaic subarray, and the shaded photovoltaic subarray is taken as the target photovoltaic subarray. In response to the instruction executed after a preset time of the phased control parameters, a first control instruction is sent to the inverter corresponding to the target photovoltaic sub-array to switch its operating mode from maximum power point tracking mode to constant voltage output mode. Photovoltaic energy storage management is performed based on the photovoltaic output power of the target photovoltaic subarray after it switches to constant voltage output mode.

[0005] Furthermore, the step of acquiring the phased control parameters input to the tower crane control system based on Internet of Things technology includes: The IoT acquisition module, which uses an industrial communication protocol, is connected to the programmable logic controller of the tower crane control system. The phased control parameters are read through the output interface or internal registers of the programmable logic controller; Connect the 5G industrial router to the public network or the construction site's dedicated VPN network, and upload the pre-processed phased control parameters to the cloud-based photovoltaic energy storage management platform.

[0006] Furthermore, the phased control parameters also include the boom rotation speed. After the step of sending a first control command to the inverter corresponding to the target photovoltaic sub-array to switch its operating mode from maximum power point tracking mode to constant voltage output mode, the method further includes: The boom rotation time is calculated based on the boom rotation speed and boom rotation angle. The boom rotation time is determined based on the start time of the execution of the staged control parameters and the boom rotation duration; Detect whether the boom rotation angle in the phased control parameters has been completed. If so, obtain the real-time light intensity sequence of the target photovoltaic sub-array collected by the light intensity sensor during the boom rotation time. A light intensity curve is generated based on the light intensity sequence; The waveform features of the light intensity curve are extracted. When there is a waveform feature with a concave shape, and the amplitude difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the concave shape is greater than a preset threshold, a second command is sent to the corresponding inverter to control the inverter to automatically switch back to the maximum power point tracking mode and restore the maximum power output.

[0007] Furthermore, the step of predicting the region position projected onto the ground by the boom during rotation based on the current boom position, fixed boom length, boom extension length, and boom rotation angle, and obtaining the region position coordinates, includes: S41. Establish a ground plane coordinate system with the center of the tower crane base as the origin; S42. Obtain and calculate the real-time physical parameters of the boom, including: Total boom length; where the total boom length is equal to the sum of the fixed boom length and the telescopic boom length; The three-dimensional coordinates of the boom base in space; wherein, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom base in space are determined based on the tower height; The three-dimensional coordinates of the boom end in space; wherein, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom end in space are calculated based on the current position of the boom, the total length of the boom, and the real-time rotation angle of the boom; S43. Real-time acquisition of solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle; S44. Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom root in space, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom end in space, the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle, the projection point coordinates of the boom root on the ground plane coordinate system and the projection point coordinates of the boom end on the ground plane coordinate system are determined by geometric projection respectively. S45. Connect the projection point of the base of the boom on the ground and the projection point of the end of the boom on the ground to form a projection center line; S46. Calculate the effective projected width of the boom on the ground based on the physical width of the boom and the solar altitude angle; S47. Generate a rectangular projection area based on the projection center line and the effective projection width; S48. Output the vertex coordinates of the rectangular projection area as the location coordinates of the area.

[0008] Furthermore, the step of managing photovoltaic energy storage based on the photovoltaic output power after the target photovoltaic subarray switches to constant voltage output mode includes: Obtain the total output power of the photovoltaic array after the target photovoltaic subarray switches to constant voltage output mode; Acquire energy storage SOC; Determine whether the total output power of the photovoltaic array is greater than or equal to the energy storage charging threshold and the energy storage SOC is less than the first threshold. If so, send a charging command to the energy storage system.

[0009] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a photovoltaic-storage energy management system for construction sites, the system being used to execute the photovoltaic-storage energy management method for construction sites described in any of the preceding claims, the system comprising: The first acquisition module is used to acquire phased control parameters input to the tower crane control system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology; wherein, the phased control parameters include boom rotation angle and boom extension length; The second acquisition module is used to acquire the fixed length of the boom and the current position of the boom. Based on the current position of the boom, the fixed length of the boom, the telescopic length of the boom, and the rotation angle of the boom, it predicts the area position of the boom projected onto the ground during the rotation process and obtains the area position coordinates. The configuration module is used to make the photovoltaic array consist of multiple photovoltaic sub-arrays, each of which is equipped with a corresponding inverter, and to record the planar coordinates of each photovoltaic sub-array. The determination module is used to determine each shaded photovoltaic subarray based on the regional location coordinates and the planar coordinates of the photovoltaic subarray, and the shaded photovoltaic subarray is used as the target photovoltaic subarray. The response module is used to respond to the instruction executed after a preset time of the phased control parameters by sending a first control instruction to the inverter corresponding to the target photovoltaic sub-array to switch its operating mode from maximum power point tracking mode to constant voltage output mode. The management module is used to manage photovoltaic energy storage based on the photovoltaic output power after the target photovoltaic subarray switches to constant voltage output mode.

[0010] This application provides a method for managing photovoltaic and energy storage at a construction site, the method comprising: The system acquires phased control parameters input to the tower crane control system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology. These phased control parameters include the boom rotation angle and boom extension length. The system obtains the boom fixed length and current position, and predicts the area position projected onto the ground during boom rotation based on the current position, fixed length, extension length, and rotation angle, thus obtaining the area position coordinates. The photovoltaic array is composed of multiple photovoltaic sub-arrays, each with a corresponding inverter, and the planar coordinates of each sub-array are recorded. Based on the area position coordinates and the planar coordinates of the photovoltaic sub-arrays, each shaded photovoltaic sub-array is determined, and the shaded photovoltaic sub-array is used as the target photovoltaic sub-array. In response to an instruction executed after a preset time for the phased control parameters, a first control instruction is sent to the inverter corresponding to the target photovoltaic subarray to switch its operating mode from maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to constant voltage output mode. Photovoltaic energy storage management is then performed based on the photovoltaic output power of the target photovoltaic subarray after switching to constant voltage output mode. This embodiment of the application achieves proactive management of dynamic shading through tower crane operation prediction, photovoltaic subarray spatial matching, and active inverter mode switching, significantly reducing hot spot risk and improving the stability and lifespan of the photovoltaic system. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the photovoltaic and energy storage management method for construction sites provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic-storage energy management system for construction sites provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0014] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in the specification of this application means the presence of features, integers, steps, operations, elements, modules, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, modules, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, “connected” or “coupled” as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term “and / or” as used herein includes all or any modules and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a method for managing photovoltaic and energy storage at a construction site, the method comprising: S1. Acquire phased control parameters input to the tower crane control system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology; wherein, the phased control parameters include boom rotation angle and boom extension length; S2. Obtain the fixed length and current position of the boom. Based on the current position, fixed length, telescopic length, and rotation angle of the boom, predict the area position of the boom projected onto the ground during rotation and obtain the area position coordinates. S3. Make the photovoltaic array consist of multiple photovoltaic sub-arrays, each of which is equipped with a corresponding inverter, and record the planar coordinates of each photovoltaic sub-array; S4. Determine each shaded photovoltaic subarray based on the regional location coordinates and the planar coordinates of the photovoltaic subarray, and take the shaded photovoltaic subarray as the target photovoltaic subarray. S5. In response to the instruction executed after a preset time of the phased control parameters, a first control instruction is sent to the inverter corresponding to the target photovoltaic sub-array to switch its operating mode from maximum power point tracking mode to constant voltage output mode. S6. Perform photovoltaic energy storage management based on the photovoltaic output power after the target photovoltaic subarray switches to constant voltage output mode.

[0016] In this embodiment, considering the control signal characteristics of the tower crane control system, an IoT sensing terminal adapted to the industrial scenario is selected to capture control parameters. Specifically, this includes: using an IoT acquisition module supporting industrial communication protocols such as Modbus TCP and Profinet to directly connect to the core PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) of the tower crane control system. The issued phased control parameters are read through the PLC's output interface or internal registers. An absolute encoder is installed at the tower crane boom slewing joint to directly output the boom rotation angle and direction by detecting the angular displacement of the rotating shaft; a wire-type displacement sensor is installed at the boom telescopic cylinder to measure the boom telescopic length in real time. The sensor output signals are converted into a standard data format through an IoT gateway, forming a redundancy check with the PLC-acquired data to avoid data loss due to a single acquisition link failure. The pre-processed control parameters are uploaded to the cloud-based photovoltaic energy storage management platform via a 5G industrial router connected to the public network or a dedicated VPN network at the construction site. The router supports a dual-SIM dual-standby redundancy design, automatically switching when the network signal of a certain operator is poor to ensure the continuity of remote data transmission; simultaneously, a data encryption transmission protocol is enabled to prevent control parameters from being tampered with or leaked during transmission. The staged control parameters refer to a set of parameters that control the movement of the tower crane boom at a certain stage, specifically including the boom rotation angle and the boom extension / retraction length. These parameters are input into the tower crane control system to guide the boom's movement, thereby providing basic data for subsequent operations such as predicting the boom's projection area.

[0017] This application embodiment achieves proactive management of dynamic shading through tower crane operation prediction, photovoltaic subarray spatial matching, and active inverter mode switching, significantly reducing hot spot risk and improving the stability and lifespan of the photovoltaic system.

[0018] In one embodiment, the step of acquiring the phased control parameters input to the tower crane control system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology includes: The IoT acquisition module, which uses an industrial communication protocol, is connected to the programmable logic controller of the tower crane control system. The phased control parameters are read through the output interface or internal registers of the programmable logic controller; Connect the 5G industrial router to the public network or the construction site's dedicated VPN network, and upload the pre-processed phased control parameters to the cloud-based photovoltaic energy storage management platform.

[0019] In one embodiment, the staged control parameters further include the boom rotation speed. After the step of sending a first control command to the inverter corresponding to the target photovoltaic sub-array to switch its operating mode from maximum power point tracking mode to constant voltage output mode, the method further includes: The boom rotation time is calculated based on the boom rotation speed and boom rotation angle. The boom rotation time is determined based on the start time of the execution of the staged control parameters and the boom rotation duration; Detect whether the boom rotation angle in the phased control parameters has been completed. If so, obtain the real-time light intensity sequence of the target photovoltaic sub-array collected by the light intensity sensor during the boom rotation time. A light intensity curve is generated based on the light intensity sequence; The waveform features of the light intensity curve are extracted. When there is a waveform feature with a concave shape, and the amplitude difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the concave shape is greater than a preset threshold, a second command is sent to the corresponding inverter to control the inverter to automatically switch back to the maximum power point tracking mode and restore the maximum power output.

[0020] In this embodiment, it is detected whether the boom rotation angle in the phased control parameters has been completed, that is, whether the boom has completed a preset angle rotation. For example, if the boom rotation angle is 10 degrees, then when it is detected that the boom has rotated 10 degrees relative to its current position, it is determined that the boom rotation angle in the phased control parameters has been completed. Each photovoltaic subarray is equipped with several light intensity sensors, and the light intensity of each light subarray is determined by the mean method. In this embodiment, when it is detected that the boom rotation angle in the phased control parameters has been completed, the real-time light intensity sequence of the target photovoltaic subarray collected by the light intensity sensors during the boom rotation time is obtained. Then, a light intensity curve is generated based on the light intensity sequence, and the waveform features of the light intensity curve are extracted. When there is a waveform feature with a concave shape, and the amplitude difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the concave shape is greater than a preset threshold, a second command is sent to the corresponding inverter to control the inverter to automatically switch back to maximum power point tracking mode and restore maximum power output, ensuring that the system resumes efficient operation after the shading ends.

[0021] In one embodiment, the step of predicting the region position projected onto the ground by the boom during rotation based on the boom's current position, fixed length, telescopic length, and rotation angle, and obtaining the region position coordinates, includes: S41. Establish a ground plane coordinate system with the center of the tower crane base as the origin; S42. Obtain and calculate the real-time physical parameters of the boom, including: Total boom length; where the total boom length is equal to the sum of the fixed boom length and the telescopic boom length; The three-dimensional coordinates of the boom base in space; wherein, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom base in space are determined based on the tower height; The three-dimensional coordinates of the boom end in space; wherein, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom end in space are calculated based on the current position of the boom, the total length of the boom, and the real-time rotation angle of the boom; S43. Real-time acquisition of solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle; S44. Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom root in space, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom end in space, the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle, the projection point coordinates of the boom root on the ground plane coordinate system and the projection point coordinates of the boom end on the ground plane coordinate system are determined by geometric projection respectively. S45. Connect the projection point of the base of the boom on the ground and the projection point of the end of the boom on the ground to form a projection center line; S46. Calculate the effective projected width of the boom on the ground based on the physical width of the boom and the solar altitude angle; S47. Generate a rectangular projection area based on the projection center line and the effective projection width; S48. Output the vertex coordinates of the rectangular projection area as the location coordinates of the area.

[0022] In step S41, a ground coordinate system (X,Y,Z) is established with the tower crane base as the origin O (0,0,0). The X and Y axes are located on the horizontal ground; the X axis can be set to east, the Y axis to north, and the Z axis vertically upward. The coordinates of key points are recorded, including the tower crane base coordinates O (0,0,0) and the planar coordinates (X_pv, Y_pv) of each photovoltaic sub-array. The planar coordinates (X_pv, Y_pv) of each photovoltaic sub-array are defined within this ground coordinate system. It should be noted that, for simplified calculations, this embodiment of the invention sets the photovoltaic array parallel to the ground.

[0023] In step S42, the coordinates of the jib root are (0, 0, H_tower); where H_tower is the tower height. It should be noted that for most tower cranes, the jib root can be considered to be at the top of the tower. The three-dimensional coordinates of the jib end in space can be calculated using the current jib position, the total jib length, and the real-time rotation angle of the jib. Specifically, the angle between the current jib position and the X-axis is calculated. The angle between the current jib position and the X-axis is added to the real-time rotation angle, and this sum is used as the first angle. Therefore, the three-dimensional coordinates of the jib end in space are: Where L is the boom length, This is the first angle.

[0024] In step S43, in this embodiment of the application, the solar altitude angle and solar azimuth The solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle can be calculated using tools such as SunCal, based on the site's latitude and longitude, date, and time. SunCal is software used to calculate parameters such as the sun's position, sunrise and sunset times, and can output data such as solar altitude angle and azimuth angle.

[0025] In step S44, the direction vector of sunlight can be represented as: The projection point of the boom base onto the ground plane coordinate system. The coordinates are , The projection point of the boom end on the ground plane coordinate system The coordinates are: , In step S46, based on the physical width W of the boom and the solar altitude angle... Calculate the effective projected width of the boom on the ground. Specifically, the effective projected width is... .

[0026] This application embodiment can identify the range of photovoltaic array that may be blocked when the boom rotates by predicting the projection area of ​​the boom on the ground. This lays the foundation for subsequent active switching of inverter mode, proactive management of dynamic shading, significantly reducing the risk of hot spots, and improving the stability and lifespan of the photovoltaic system.

[0027] In one embodiment, the step of performing photovoltaic energy storage management based on the photovoltaic output power after the target photovoltaic subarray switches to constant voltage output mode includes: Obtain the total output power of the photovoltaic array after the target photovoltaic subarray switches to constant voltage output mode; Acquire energy storage SOC; Determine whether the total output power of the photovoltaic array is greater than or equal to the energy storage charging threshold and the energy storage SOC is less than the first threshold. If so, send a charging command to the energy storage system.

[0028] In this embodiment, photovoltaic (PV) arrays at construction sites are susceptible to dynamic shading from tower cranes, construction dust, and weather changes, resulting in fluctuating PV output. Without a threshold for determining the total output power of the PV array, forcibly initiating PV charging when the total output power is below the energy storage charging threshold (e.g., minimum charging power) will reduce charging efficiency. Frequent initiation will exacerbate battery cycle wear and shorten equipment lifespan. Setting a PV output greater than or equal to the PV charging threshold as the charging trigger condition ensures efficient and safe PV charging. Furthermore, charging when the PV SOC (State of Charge) is less than a first threshold avoids overcharging, which can reduce the lifespan of the PV system. It should be understood that if the total output power of the PV array cannot be greater than or equal to the PV charging threshold and the PV SOC cannot be less than the first threshold simultaneously, no charging command will be sent to the PV system.

[0029] In one embodiment, a laser rangefinder is installed at the bottom of the photovoltaic array panel to measure the distance between the photovoltaic array and its mounting ground. The laser rangefinder is then used to measure the distance from the mounting ground to a reference ground, thus obtaining the distance between the photovoltaic array panel and the reference ground. A laser rangefinder is also installed on the crane boom to measure the boom height (which can be considered the tower height; here, the tower crane mounting ground is used as the reference ground). Steps S1-S6 are only executed when the tower height is greater than the distance between the photovoltaic array panel and the reference ground.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown in the illustration, this application also provides a construction site photovoltaic energy storage management system. The system is used to execute the construction site photovoltaic energy storage management method described in any of the above embodiments. The system includes: The first acquisition module 1 is used to acquire phased control parameters input to the tower crane control system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology; wherein, the phased control parameters include boom rotation angle and boom extension length; The second acquisition module 2 is used to acquire the fixed length of the boom and the current position of the boom, and predict the area position of the boom projected onto the ground during the rotation process based on the current position of the boom, the fixed length of the boom, the telescopic length of the boom and the rotation angle of the boom, and obtain the area position coordinates; Setting module 3 is used to make the photovoltaic array consist of multiple photovoltaic sub-arrays, each of which is equipped with a corresponding inverter, and to record the planar coordinates of each photovoltaic sub-array; Module 4 is used to determine each shaded photovoltaic subarray based on the regional location coordinates and the planar coordinates of the photovoltaic subarray, and to take the shaded photovoltaic subarray as the target photovoltaic subarray. The response module 5 is used to send a first control command to the inverter corresponding to the target photovoltaic sub-array in response to the instruction executed after the preset time of the phased control parameter, so as to switch its working mode from maximum power point tracking mode to constant voltage output mode. Management module 6 is used for photovoltaic energy management based on the photovoltaic output power after the target photovoltaic subarray switches to constant voltage output mode.

[0031] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in this application and in the embodiments can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual-speed SDRAM (SSRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), RAMbus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or method. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, apparatus, article, or method that includes that element.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural changes made based on the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for managing photovoltaic and energy storage resources at construction sites, characterized in that, The method includes: The staged control parameters input to the tower crane control system are acquired based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology; wherein, the staged control parameters include boom rotation angle and boom extension length; Obtain the fixed length and current position of the boom. Based on the current position, fixed length, telescopic length, and rotation angle of the boom, predict the area position of the boom projected onto the ground during rotation and obtain the area position coordinates. The photovoltaic array is composed of multiple photovoltaic subarrays, each of which is equipped with a corresponding inverter. The planar coordinates of each photovoltaic subarray are recorded. Each shaded photovoltaic subarray is determined based on its regional location coordinates and the planar coordinates of the photovoltaic subarray, and the shaded photovoltaic subarray is taken as the target photovoltaic subarray. In response to the instruction executed after a preset time of the phased control parameters, a first control instruction is sent to the inverter corresponding to the target photovoltaic sub-array to switch its operating mode from maximum power point tracking mode to constant voltage output mode. Photovoltaic energy storage management is performed based on the photovoltaic output power of the target photovoltaic subarray after it switches to constant voltage output mode.

2. The method for managing photovoltaic and energy storage at construction sites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for acquiring the phased control parameters input to the tower crane control system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology include: The IoT acquisition module, which uses an industrial communication protocol, is connected to the programmable logic controller of the tower crane control system. The phased control parameters are read through the output interface or internal registers of the programmable logic controller; Connect the 5G industrial router to the public network or the construction site's dedicated VPN network, and upload the pre-processed phased control parameters to the cloud-based photovoltaic energy storage management platform.

3. The method for managing photovoltaic and energy storage at construction sites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phased control parameters also include the boom rotation speed. After the step of sending a first control command to the inverter corresponding to the target photovoltaic sub-array to switch its operating mode from maximum power point tracking mode to constant voltage output mode, the method further includes: The boom rotation time is calculated based on the boom rotation speed and boom rotation angle. The boom rotation time is determined based on the start time of the execution of the phased control parameters and the boom rotation duration; Detect whether the boom rotation angle in the phased control parameters has been completed. If so, obtain the real-time light intensity sequence of the target photovoltaic sub-array collected by the light intensity sensor during the boom rotation time. A light intensity curve is generated based on the light intensity sequence; The waveform features of the light intensity curve are extracted. When there is a waveform feature with a concave shape, and the amplitude difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the concave shape is greater than a preset threshold, a second command is sent to the corresponding inverter to control the inverter to automatically switch back to the maximum power point tracking mode and restore the maximum power output.

4. The method for managing photovoltaic and energy storage at construction sites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of predicting the region position projected onto the ground by the boom during rotation based on the current boom position, fixed boom length, boom extension length, and boom rotation angle, and obtaining the region position coordinates includes: S41. Establish a ground plane coordinate system with the center of the tower crane base as the origin; S42. Obtain and calculate the real-time physical parameters of the boom, including: Total boom length; where the total boom length is equal to the sum of the fixed boom length and the telescopic boom length; The three-dimensional coordinates of the boom base in space; wherein, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom base in space are determined based on the tower height; The three-dimensional coordinates of the boom end in space; wherein, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom end in space are calculated based on the current position of the boom, the total length of the boom, and the real-time rotation angle of the boom; S43. Real-time acquisition of solar altitude angle and solar azimuth angle; S44. Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom root in space, the three-dimensional coordinates of the boom end in space, the solar altitude angle and the solar azimuth angle, the projection point coordinates of the boom root on the ground plane coordinate system and the projection point coordinates of the boom end on the ground plane coordinate system are determined by geometric projection respectively. S45. Connect the projection point of the base of the boom on the ground and the projection point of the end of the boom on the ground to form a projection center line; S46. Calculate the effective projected width of the boom on the ground based on the physical width of the boom and the solar altitude angle; S47. Generate a rectangular projection area based on the projection center line and the effective projection width; S48. Output the vertex coordinates of the rectangular projection area as the location coordinates of the area.

5. The method for managing photovoltaic and energy storage resources at construction sites according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for managing photovoltaic energy storage based on the photovoltaic output power after the target photovoltaic subarray switches to constant voltage output mode include: Obtain the total output power of the photovoltaic array after the target photovoltaic subarray switches to constant voltage output mode; Acquire energy storage SOC; Determine whether the total output power of the photovoltaic array is greater than or equal to the energy storage charging threshold and the energy storage SOC is less than the first threshold. If so, send a charging command to the energy storage system.

6. A photovoltaic-storage energy management system for construction sites, characterized in that, The system is used to execute the construction site photovoltaic energy storage management method according to any one of claims 1-5, and the system includes: The first acquisition module is used to acquire phased control parameters input to the tower crane control system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology; wherein, the phased control parameters include boom rotation angle and boom extension length; The second acquisition module is used to acquire the fixed length of the boom and the current position of the boom. Based on the current position of the boom, the fixed length of the boom, the telescopic length of the boom, and the rotation angle of the boom, it predicts the area position of the boom projected onto the ground during the rotation process and obtains the area position coordinates. The configuration module is used to make the photovoltaic array consist of multiple photovoltaic sub-arrays, each of which is equipped with a corresponding inverter, and to record the planar coordinates of each photovoltaic sub-array. The determination module is used to determine each shaded photovoltaic subarray based on the regional location coordinates and the planar coordinates of the photovoltaic subarray, and the shaded photovoltaic subarray is used as the target photovoltaic subarray. The response module is used to respond to the instruction executed after a preset time of the phased control parameters by sending a first control instruction to the inverter corresponding to the target photovoltaic sub-array to switch its operating mode from maximum power point tracking mode to constant voltage output mode. The management module is used to manage photovoltaic energy storage based on the photovoltaic output power after the target photovoltaic subarray switches to constant voltage output mode.

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