Preparation and application of special compound growth regulating agent for beet

Abstract

The invention provides a beet growth composite regulator. The beet growth composite regulator comprises the following active components: a plant growth regulator, a bioactive substance, a mineral nutrient element and / or a biostimulant, the invention also provides a preparation method and application thereof. The invention has the following advantages and effects: synergistic interaction: through scientific compounding of the plant growth regulator, the bioactive substance, the mineral nutrition and the biostimulant, a remarkable synergistic effect is generated; the yield and the sugar content are synchronously increased, and the optimal balance between the yield and the sugar content is kept; systematic regulation and control: a dynamic application scheme is designed according to physiological needs of beet in different growth periods, and the problems of premature senility in the later period and insufficient sugar accumulation are effectively solved; the dependence on chemical pesticides is reduced, and the development direction of green agriculture is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of crop cultivation technology, specifically to the preparation and application of a compound growth regulator for sugar beets. Background Technology

[0002] Sugar beets are an important sugar crop in my country, and their economic benefits depend on root yield and sugar content. However, in actual production, sugar beets often suffer from reduced photosynthetic efficiency in the later stages of growth and low efficiency in the translocation of photosynthetic products to the roots, resulting in lower yields and sugar accumulation than ideal, thus reducing planting profits.

[0003] While single plant growth regulators (such as chlormequat chloride and sodium nitrophenolate) or foliar fertilizers are currently used, their effects are often limited or unstable. Traditional cultivation methods generally suffer from a structural contradiction in the "source"-"sink" relationship: on the one hand, improper nitrogen fertilizer application easily leads to excessive vegetative growth, resulting in overly tall plants and dense canopies in the field, wasting photosynthetic products and increasing disease risk—that is, insufficient "upward control"; on the other hand, existing cultivation techniques cannot systematically optimize the transport and distribution of photosynthetic products from leaves (source) to tubers (sink), resulting in insufficient tuber enlargement momentum and a short duration—that is, insufficient "downward promotion." In addition, increasing yield and increasing sugar content are often difficult to synchronize; increasing yield is often accompanied by a decrease in sugar content, while measures to increase sugar content may sacrifice yield, resulting in a lack of comprehensive agronomic solutions that synergistically achieve "upward control, downward promotion, increased yield, and improved sugar content."

[0004] Therefore, the current technological system urgently needs a complex regulatory approach that can systematically regulate the physiological metabolism of sugar beets in the mid-to-late stages, synergistically optimize the formation, transport, and storage of photosynthetic products, and promote tuber enlargement and sugar accumulation while controlling ineffective growth. Developing a specialized growth regulator that combines "upper-level control, lower-level promotion, yield increase, and sugar content enhancement" is of significant practical importance for overcoming bottlenecks in sugar beet production and improving planting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical limitations, this application proposes a preparation and application of a compound growth regulator specifically for sugar beets, which overcomes the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: The inventive point of this application is to provide a compound growth regulator for sugar beets, wherein the active ingredients of the compound growth regulator include the following components: plant growth regulators, bioactive substances, mineral nutrients and / or biostimulants; The plant growth regulator selected is at least one of the following: ethephon: 40% ethephon aqueous solution (Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd., Chengdu); sodium nitrophenolate: 1.4% total effective ingredient content (0.7% sodium 5-nitro-o-methoxyphenolate, 0.3% sodium o-nitrophenolate, 0.4% sodium p-nitrophenolate) aqueous solution (Tianjin Lvheng Chemical Co., Ltd., Tianjin); The bioactive substance selected is γ-aminobutyric acid: 98% γ-aminobutyric acid soluble powder (Zaozhuang Jienuo Bioenzyme Co., Ltd., Zaozhuang). The mineral nutrients selected are at least two of the following: potassium phosphite: phosphorous acid ≥ 520 g / L, potassium oxide ≥ 340 g / L aqueous solution (Jiangxi Buffett Chemical Co., Ltd., Nanchang); calcium fertilizer: calcium content (ca) ≥ 180 g / L water-soluble fertilizer (Hebei Kangnuo Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Handan); boron fertilizer: boron ≥ 150 g / L, oligosaccharides ≥ 2 g / L aqueous solution (Hebei Shuoxi Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Handan). The biostimulant is selected from at least one of the following: polyglutamic acid: 25% polyglutamic acid soluble powder (Shandong Jingwei Chemical Co., Ltd., Jinan); fucoidan: 98% fucoidan soluble powder (Shaanxi Ruimao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xi'an); Trichoderma harzianum: Trichoderma harzianum DS-10 content 600 million CFU / g wettable powder (Xi'an Dingsheng Biochemical Co., Ltd., Xi'an); Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus subtilis content 50 billion CFU / g wettable powder (Wuhan Kenuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuhan).

[0007] Optionally, in the above-mentioned sugar beet growth compound regulator, the plant growth regulator is selected as ethephon at a ratio of 20-120 ml / mu and sodium nitrophenolate at a ratio of 1-10 mL / mu; the bioactive substance is selected as γ-aminobutyric acid at a ratio of 10-1200 ml / mu; the mineral nutrients are selected as potassium sulfite, calcium fertilizer, and boron fertilizer combined at a ratio of 10-200 mL / mu; and the biostimulant is selected as at least one of the following: polyglutamic acid at a ratio of 10-40 ml / mu, 10-80 g / mu of fucoidan + 10-80 g / mu of Trichoderma hazakii (fucoidan: Trichoderma hazakii = 1:1 per mu), or 10-80 g / mu of fucoidan + Bacillus subtilis (fucoidan: Bacillus subtilis = 1:1 per mu).

[0008] Optionally, in the above-mentioned compound growth regulator for sugar beets, the active components are selected in the following proportions: plant growth regulator 21-130 ml / mu, bioactive substance 10-1200 mL / mu, mineral nutrients 10-200 mL / mu, and biostimulant 10-200 g / mu.

[0009] The second inventive point of this application is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned compound growth regulator for sugar beets, which is prepared by mixing the raw material components according to the ratio and then diluting them with water at 30 kg / mu.

[0010] The second inventive point of this application is to provide the application of the above-mentioned beet growth compound regulator in improving beet yield and sugar content.

[0011] Optionally, in the above application, the compound growth regulator for beets is applied two or three times, and the application method is foliar spraying or root drip irrigation. The timing of application is selected during the rapid growth period of beet leaves, the initial period of beet tuber growth and sugar accumulation, and / or the period of rapid sugar accumulation in beets.

[0012] The technical objective of this application is to provide a compound growth regulator specifically for sugar beets that "controls top growth and promotes bottom growth, increases yield and improves sugar content," and its application method. The specific effects are as follows: 1. A compound growth regulator is provided, the formulation of which can effectively control the excessive growth of the aboveground parts of sugar beets ("overgrowth control") and improve the plant population structure.

[0013] 2. This composition can significantly promote the rapid expansion and dry matter accumulation of underground sugar beet tubers (“promotion”), and by optimizing the distribution of photosynthetic products, it transports and stores more assimilated products in the tubers, thereby significantly increasing the yield per unit area.

[0014] 3. This composition can effectively promote the synthesis and accumulation of sugar in the tubers during the later stages of sugar beet growth, thereby increasing the sugar content of the tubers while ensuring yield.

[0015] 4. Provide a "staged precise application method" to match the compound growth regulator, which adjusts the application strategy and formula focus according to the physiological needs of sugar beets at different growth stages (rapid leaf growth period, tuber enlargement period, and sugar accumulation period), thereby systematically achieving the chain regulation goal of "controlling the upper part, promoting the lower part, increasing yield, and improving sugar content" throughout the entire growth period.

[0016] The compound growth regulator for sugar beets provided in this application has the following advantages: 1) Synergistic Effect: This application is not a simple superposition of the components, but rather a scientific combination of plant growth regulators, bioactive substances, mineral nutrients, and biostimulants that produces a significant synergistic effect. For example, the combination of ethephon and sodium nitrophenolate, at appropriate concentrations, controls excessive vegetative growth, avoids excessive inhibition, and simultaneously increases sugar accumulation; the combination of γ-aminobutyric acid and biostimulants enhances the plant's stress resistance and promotes the translocation of photosynthetic products to the tubers. 2) Dual Enhancement: This application achieves simultaneous improvement in yield and sugar content. Experimental data shows that the T1, T2, T3, and T4 treatment groups using this application's scheme all had significantly higher yields per mu (8.98-9.39 t / mu) than the control group T0 (8.09 t / mu). Among them, the T2 treatment scheme (two ethephon combinations + later γ-aminobutyric acid fortification) was particularly effective, achieving the best balance between yield and sugar content. 3) Systematic regulation: Based on the physiological needs of sugar beets at different growth stages, this application designed a dynamic application plan, which carried out precise regulation throughout the entire growth period from early stage to mid-stage to late stage to increase "source" and strengthen "flow", effectively solving the problems of premature aging and insufficient sugar accumulation in the later stage. 4) Safe and environmentally friendly: The compound growth regulator contains biological components such as γ-aminobutyric acid and biostimulants, which reduces the dependence on chemical pesticides and is in line with the development direction of green agriculture. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A and Figure 1 B represents the comparative results of application on August 20th and September 20th, with the right side showing the application of ethephon and the left side showing the control. As can be seen from the figure, the application of ethephon significantly increased the tuber biomass.

[0018] Figure 2 The study indicates the effects of using chemical (treatment 1: ethephon) and biological (treatment 2: γ-aminobutyric acid) sources on aboveground biomass. Ethephon significantly reduced aboveground biomass accumulation, with leaf height and aboveground biomass being significantly lower than the control. γ-aminobutyric acid resulted in smaller differences in leaf height and aboveground biomass compared to the control, but leaf color was darker and chlorophyll content was significantly higher. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, a more detailed description is provided below. However, it should be understood that the description herein is merely for explaining this application and is not intended to limit its scope.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. All reagents and instruments used herein are commercially available, and the characterization methods involved can be found in relevant descriptions in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0021] To further understand this application, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the preferred embodiments.

[0022] Raw material source: Ethephon: 40% ethephon aqueous solution (Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd., Chengdu);

[0023] Sodium nitrophenolate: Total active ingredient content 1.4% (5-nitro-o-methoxyphenol sodium 0.7%, o-nitrophenol sodium 0.3%, p-nitrophenol sodium 0.4%) aqueous solution (Tianjin Lvheng Chemical Co., Ltd., Tianjin); γ-Aminobutyric acid: 98% γ-Aminobutyric acid soluble powder (Zaozhuang Jienuo Bio-enzyme Co., Ltd., Zaozhuang); Potassium phosphite: Phosphorous acid ≥ 520 g / L, potassium oxide ≥ 340 g / L aqueous solution (Jiangxi Buffett Chemical Co., Ltd., Nanchang); Calcium fertilizer: Water-soluble fertilizer with calcium content (ca) ≥ 180 g / L (Hebei Kangnuo Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Handan); Boron fertilizer: B≥150g / L, oligosaccharide≥2g / L aqueous solution (Hebei Shuoxi Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Handan); Polyglutamic acid: 25% polyglutamic acid soluble powder (Shandong Jingwei Chemical Co., Ltd., Jinan); Fucoidan: 98% Fucoidan soluble powder (Shaanxi Ruimao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xi'an); Trichoderma harzianum: Trichoderma harzianum DS-10 content 600 million CFU / g wettable powder (Xi'an Dingsheng Biochemical Co., Ltd., Xi'an); Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus subtilis content 50 billion CFU / g wettable powder (Wuhan Kenuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuhan); Example 1 Implementation of the T0(ck) processing scheme

[0024] Target species: sugar beet variety “KWS7748”, planted in the comprehensive experimental field of Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0025] Application plan: First application (July 11): Spray 30 kg of clean water on the leaves per acre.

[0026] Second application (August 11): Spray 30 kg of water on the leaves per mu.

[0027] Third time (September 8): Spray 30kg of clean water on the leaves per mu.

[0028] Results: Yield was measured at harvest time, and the yield of this treatment was 8.09 tons per mu, which was not much different from the yield of previous years. Example 2 Implementation of the T1 processing scheme

[0029] Target species: sugar beet variety “KWS7748”, planted in the comprehensive experimental field of Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0030] Application plan: First application (July 11): Use (45ml ethephon + 2mL sodium nitrophenolate + 15ml γ-aminobutyric acid + 40ml potassium phosphite + 30ml calcium fertilizer + 30ml boron fertilizer + 6ml polyglutamic acid) per mu, diluted with 30kg of water, and spray on the leaves.

[0031] Second application (August 11): Apply a foliar spray per acre of (45ml ethephon + 4mL sodium nitrophenolate + 10ml γ-aminobutyric acid + 40ml potassium phosphite + 30ml calcium fertilizer + 30ml boron fertilizer + 6ml polyglutamic acid) diluted in 30kg of water.

[0032] Results: At harvest time, the yield of this treatment reached 9.33t per mu (an increase of 15.42%), and the average sugar content was slightly lower than that of the control (-1.72%), showing a significant increase in yield but also a sugar-lowering effect. Example 3 Implementation of the T2 processing scheme

[0033] Target species: sugar beet variety “KWS7748”, planted in the comprehensive experimental field of Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0034] Application plan: First application (August 11): Apply a foliar spray per acre of (45ml ethephon + 4mL sodium nitrophenolate + 10ml γ-aminobutyric acid + 40ml potassium phosphite + 30ml calcium fertilizer + 30ml boron fertilizer + 6ml polyglutamic acid) diluted in 30kg of water.

[0035] Second application (September 8): Apply a foliar spray per acre of (45ml ethephon + 6mL sodium nitrophenolate + 12ml γ-aminobutyric acid + 60ml potassium phosphite + 60ml calcium fertilizer + 60ml boron fertilizer + 30g Trichoderma hazakii) diluted in 30kg of water.

[0036] Results: At harvest time, the yield of this treatment reached 9.39t per mu (an increase of 16.05%), and the average sugar content was slightly higher than that of the control (+0.11%), showing excellent yield increase and slight sugar increase effect. Example 4 Implementation of the T3 processing solution

[0037] Target species: sugar beet variety “KWS7748”, planted in the comprehensive experimental field of Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0038] Application plan: First application (July 11): Use (50ml γ-aminobutyric acid + 40ml potassium phosphite + 30ml calcium fertilizer + 30ml boron fertilizer + 30g Bacillus subtilis) per mu, diluted in 30kg of water, and spray on the leaves.

[0039] Second application (August 11): Apply a foliar spray of 300ml γ-aminobutyric acid + 15g brown algae oligosaccharide + 40ml potassium phosphite + 30ml calcium fertilizer + 30ml boron fertilizer + 30g Trichoderma hazis per acre, diluted in 30kg of water.

[0040] Results: The yield of this treatment reached 8.98 tons per mu, an increase of 11.04% compared with the control. The chlorophyll content was well maintained in the later stage, showing its strong anti-premature aging ability and significantly improving the sugar content (+1.11%). Example 5 Implementation of the T4 processing solution

[0041] Target species: sugar beet variety “KWS7748”, planted in the comprehensive experimental field of Shihezi Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

[0042] Application plan: First application (August 11): Use (300ml γ-aminobutyric acid + 15g brown algae oligosaccharide + 40ml potassium phosphite + 30ml calcium fertilizer + 30ml boron fertilizer + 30g Bacillus subtilis) per mu, diluted in 30kg of water, and spray on the leaves.

[0043] Second application (September 8): Apply a foliar spray of 1200ml γ-aminobutyric acid + 15g brown algae oligosaccharide + 60ml potassium phosphite + 30ml calcium fertilizer + 30ml boron fertilizer + 30g Trichoderma hazis per acre, diluted in 30kg of water.

[0044] Results: The yield of this treatment reached 9.02t per mu, an increase of 11.5% compared with the control. The chlorophyll content was well maintained in the later stage, showing its strong anti-premature aging ability and significantly improving the sugar content (+0.5%).

[0045] Comparison: The T0 (CK) control group did not receive the compound growth regulator described in this application. The experimental plots used a drip irrigation system with two rows per pipe, and fertilizer was applied via drip irrigation. The treatments used superphosphate (containing 20% ​​P2O5), potassium sulfate (containing 50% K2O), and urea (containing 46% N). All treatments had the same fertilizer application rate and field management practices. The yield per acre was 8.09 tons, significantly lower than the control groups in both yield and sugar content. 1. Calculation of yield per acre for each treatment

[0046] Table 1 shows the impact of different treatments on yield and efficiency.

[0047] Table 1 With a purchase price of 0.55 yuan / kg, the average yield of sugar beets in the control group (T0) was 8.09 tons per mu. By simply increasing yield, this technical solution can increase income by 489 yuan to 714.5 yuan per mu. 2. Potential additional benefits from increased sugar content

[0048] Pricing based on sugar content is the future trend. In some areas, sugar content is one of the core pricing indicators in actual sugar beet procurement. For every 1% increase (or decrease) in sugar content, the procurement price will increase (or decrease) by a fixed value. For every ±1% increase in sugar content, the price will increase by ±100 yuan / ton.

[0049] Based on previous calculations, the estimated changes in sugar content for each treatment compared to T0 are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Table 2 shows the additional revenue after adjusting for sugar content.

[0051] Table 2 The sugar content of treatment T1 decreased, possibly due to the rapid tuber enlargement in the early stages. Treatments T2, T3, and T4 all had higher sugar contents than the control group, with treatment T3 (a combination of γ-aminobutyric acid and microbial fertilizer) showing the most significant sugar-increasing effect. Treatment T2 achieved the optimal balance between maximum yield and increased sugar content. Considering both yield and sugar content changes, treatment T2 offered the most significant economic benefits, increasing income by approximately 958 yuan per mu. Even with a slight decrease in sugar content, treatment T1 still yielded considerable profits due to its substantial increase in yield.

[0052] Table 3 summarizes the overall economic benefits.

[0053] Table 3 As the most profitable option, T2 not only achieves a breakthrough in yield but also steadily increases sugar content, bringing growers a direct economic return of nearly 1,000 yuan per mu. Its large-scale application prospects are broad.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A compound growth regulator for sugar beets, characterized in that, The active ingredients of the compound regulator include the following components: plant growth regulators, bioactive substances, mineral nutrients and / or biostimulants; The plant growth regulator is selected from at least one of ethephon and sodium nitrophenolate; The bioactive substance is selected as γ-aminobutyric acid; The mineral nutrient element is selected from at least two of potassium phosphate, calcium fertilizer, and boron fertilizer; The biostimulant is selected from at least one of polyglutamic acid, fucoidan, Trichoderma hazysin, and Bacillus subtilis.

2. The sugar beet growth compound regulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound growth regulator is selected from the following: the plant growth regulator is ethephon at a ratio of 20-120 ml / mu and sodium nitrophenolate at a ratio of 1-10 mL / mu; the bioactive substance is γ-aminobutyric acid at a ratio of 10-1200 ml / mu; the mineral nutrients are potassium sulfite, calcium fertilizer, and boron fertilizer at a total ratio of 10-200 mL / mu; and the biostimulant is selected from at least one of the following: polyglutamic acid at a ratio of 10-40 ml / mu; 10-80 g / mu of fucoidan + 10-80 g / mu of Trichoderma hazakii (fucoidan: Trichoderma hazakii = 1:1); or 10-80 g / mu of fucoidan + 10-80 g / mu of Bacillus subtilis (fucoidan: Bacillus subtilis = 1:1).

3. The sugar beet growth compound regulator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The active ingredient ratio of the compound regulator is selected as follows: 21-130 ml / mu of plant growth regulator, 10-1200 mL / mu of bioactive substance, 10-200 mL / mu of mineral nutrients, and 10-200 g / mu of biostimulant.

4. The method for preparing the sugar beet growth compound regulator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It is prepared by mixing the raw materials according to the specified ratio and then diluting them with water at a rate of 30 kg / mu.

5. The application of the sugar beet growth compound regulator according to any one of claims 1-3 in improving sugar beet yield and sugar content.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The compound growth regulator for beets is applied two or three times, by foliar spraying or root drip irrigation, and the timing of application is selected during the rapid growth period of beet leaves, the initial stage of beet tuber growth and sugar accumulation, and / or the rapid sugar accumulation period of beets.

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