Security and protection device for building construction and installation method thereof
By using the rotating self-locking mechanism and nested telescopic structure of the upper and lower arms, combined with a multi-point suspension design, the problem that existing security devices cannot be adapted to different stair specifications is solved, achieving flexible protection, convenient operation and efficient construction.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA HUASHI ENTERPRISES
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing security devices for building construction cannot be flexibly adapted to staircases of different specifications. They are bulky, difficult to move, lack a stable suspension structure, cannot fully prevent people or materials from falling, have a single functional positioning, and are not convenient to store or carry.
It adopts a self-locking mechanism that combines the opening and closing rotation of the upper and lower arms with a nested telescopic structure and a multi-point suspension design to achieve precise adjustment of angle and length. Through the rotation and sliding adaptation of hooks and hangers, it forms all-round protection.
It enables flexible adaptation to staircases of different specifications, reduces transportation and storage space, improves safety and stability, simplifies operation, reduces costs, and improves construction efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121992957A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of construction safety technology, and specifically relates to a safety device for construction and its installation method, which is suitable for edge protection of ascending and descending staircases and can effectively prevent people from falling and materials from falling. Background Technology
[0002] During construction, staircases are crucial passageways for workers. The gaps between these staircases and along their sides pose significant safety hazards, including falls and material spills. Therefore, dedicated safety devices must be installed at these staircases to ensure worker safety. Currently, most staircase safety devices are modular temporary guardrails (only installed on the non-wall sides, not the wall-facing side), providing basic safety for passage. However, these existing modular temporary guardrails are bulky, heavy, difficult to move after use, and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the spacing and angle of the staircases, resulting in poor versatility.
[0003] Existing temporary safety railings for monolithic building construction are typically large, heavy, and difficult to move after use. More importantly, their fixed structure makes them unsuitable for flexible adjustment based on the actual spacing and inclination angle of the stairs, resulting in poor versatility and difficulty in providing effective protection on staircases of different sizes.
[0004] CN114947429A discloses a security device for construction and its usage method, aiming to solve the problems of existing installation devices lacking multi-functionality and being inconvenient to disassemble and reuse. This technical solution: When using the security device for construction, in its initial state, it forms a chair; when the tilt angle of the entire security device is switched, the movable frame rotates around the upper end of the mounting frame via a pin, causing the entire security device to form a staircase; the entire security device does not need to be disassembled when not in use and can serve as a chair or stairs, achieving multiple uses. Its shortcomings are: (1) It cannot adapt to stairs of different specifications: Its "staircase state" is a step staircase with a fixed tilt angle formed by rotating the movable frame, which cannot be adjusted according to the actual tilt angle of the stairs; at the same time, its overall structural length is also fixed, and it cannot adapt to stairs of different lengths or heights.
[0005] (2) Lack of stable suspension and fixing structure: In the "staircase state", the device is only supported on the ground by the lower end of the movable frame. It lacks a fixing or suspension structure with the staircase itself, which makes it easy to shake or slip, posing a safety hazard and making it unusable as a reliable staircase protection device.
[0006] (3) Failure to consider the protection of the gap between the stairs: The original design was for people to climb, and the safety protection of the gap between the stairs was not considered, so it is impossible to prevent people or materials from falling from the stairs.
[0007] (4) Storage and portability are still limited: Although the device can be changed without disassembly, it is still a large integral structure in the "staircase mode", which is not convenient for moving or transporting between floors.
[0008] (5) Different functional positioning, cannot replace stairwell protection: its "staircase state" is essentially a simple climbing ladder used to pick up items at high places, and does not have a protective function; its "chair state" only provides a seat and cannot provide effective protection for stairwell passages.
[0009] In summary, CN114947429A provides a simple device with multiple functions and convertible forms, which solves the problem of limited functionality. However, its structural design determines that it cannot be used as a dedicated security device for stairwells. Summary of the Invention
[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a foldable, storageable, angle-adjustable, length-adjustable, and easy-to-install building construction safety device and its installation method, in order to solve the technical problems of existing stair railings being large in size, difficult to move, unable to flexibly adapt to the spacing and tilt angle of the up and down stairs, and having poor versatility.
[0011] This invention utilizes the opening and closing rotation of the upper and lower arms, combined with the precise positioning of a self-locking mechanism, to flexibly adapt to different inclination angles within the stairwell. Through the nested telescopic structure of the upper and lower arms, and the rotational and sliding adaptation relationship of the upper and lower hanging components, it can precisely match the protection length and fixing requirements of stairwells of different specifications, achieving all-round protection for the non-wall side of the stairwell, demonstrating strong versatility. The rationally designed structure of each component allows for folding and storage, significantly reducing transportation and storage space requirements and the workload of construction personnel.
[0012] The technical solution of the present invention is the aforementioned security device for building construction, which is characterized by comprising: An upper arm (1) and a lower arm (2) are provided. One end of the upper arm (1) is fixed with a first U-shaped hinge seat (5), and one end of the lower arm (2) is rotatably connected to the first U-shaped hinge seat (5), so that the upper arm (1) and the lower arm (2) are in an open and closed configuration. A self-locking mechanism (6) is provided on the first U-shaped hinge seat (5) for locking and positioning the opening and closing angle of the downward arm (2) after it rotates relative to the upward arm (1); An upward hanging component (3) is mounted on the upward arm (1); Downward attachment (4) is mounted on the downward arm (2); The upper arm (1) is a rectangular tube, and a first core tube (7) is fixed inside its cavity. A first auxiliary arm (8) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the first core tube (7). The first auxiliary arm (8) can extend and retract along the first core tube (7). The upper arm (1) has an outer adjustment groove (9) along its length direction, and the first core tube (7) has an inner adjustment groove (10) along its length direction. The inner adjustment groove (10) and the outer adjustment groove (9) are arranged to overlap. The upward hanging component (3) includes a first hanging rod (31) hinged to the end of the first auxiliary arm (8) and a second hanging rod (32) slidably engaged at the overlap of the inner adjustment groove (10) and the outer adjustment groove (9). The second hanging rod (32) can slide along the inner adjustment groove (10) and the outer adjustment groove (9) to adjust its position. The down arm (2) is a rectangular tube, and a second core tube (11) is fixed inside its cavity. A second auxiliary arm (12) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the second core tube (11). The second auxiliary arm (12) can extend and retract along the second core tube (11). The down hanging piece (4) is hinged to the end of the second auxiliary arm (12). Hooks (19) are fixedly installed on the outer walls of the upper arm (1), the first auxiliary arm (8), the lower arm (2) and the second auxiliary arm (12), with the hooks (19) on the upper side and the hooks (19) on the lower side facing each other.
[0013] Preferably, a first hinge shaft (13) is installed in the U-shaped space of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5), and the rotating end of the down arm (2) extends into the U-shaped space of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5) and is rotatably connected to the first hinge shaft (13). The self-locking mechanism (6) includes a first sawtooth seat (61) fixed to both sides of the rotating end of the down arm (2), a second sawtooth seat (62) fixed to both sides of the U-shaped cavity wall of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5), and an eccentric cam (63) rotatably connected to the second hinge shaft (15). The sawtooth surfaces of the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) can mesh with each other. A handle (64) is fixedly connected to the eccentric cam (63), and the flange surface of the eccentric cam (63) abuts against the outer surface of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5). The outer end of the first hinge shaft (13) extends out of the outer side of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5) and is fixedly connected to a pressure seat (14), on which a second hinge shaft (15) is installed.
[0014] Preferably, the eccentric cam (63) is configured as follows: When the handle (64) drives the eccentric cam (63) to rotate, the flange surface of the eccentric cam (63) presses against the outer surface of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5), and drives the downward arm (2) to move axially through the pressure seat (14) and the first hinge shaft (13), so that the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) engage and lock. When the handle (64) drives the eccentric cam (63) to rotate in the opposite direction, the flange surface of the eccentric cam (63) disengages from the pressure on the first U-shaped hinge seat (5), and the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) separate and unlock.
[0015] Preferably, a gap (16) is formed between the upper arm (1) and the lower arm (2), and the second hanging rod (32) is located in the gap (16) in the retracted state; a second U-shaped hinge seat (321) is fixed to the free end of the second hanging rod (32), and a small hanging rod (322) is rotatably installed in the second U-shaped hinge seat (321), and the U-shaped opening end of the second U-shaped hinge seat (321) is open toward the sliding end of the second hanging rod (32).
[0016] Preferably, the end of the first auxiliary arm (8) is fixed with a fourth U-shaped hinge seat (81), the U-shaped opening end of the fourth U-shaped hinge seat (81) is open in a direction away from the end of the first auxiliary arm (8), and the hinge end of the first hanging rod (31) is rotatably connected to the fourth U-shaped hinge seat (81). The end of the second auxiliary arm (12) is fixed with a third U-shaped hinge seat (121). The U-shaped opening end of the third U-shaped hinge seat (121) is open in a direction away from the end of the second auxiliary arm (12). The hinge end of the downward hanging piece (4) is rotatably connected to the third U-shaped hinge seat (121).
[0017] Preferably, the small hanging rod (322), the first hanging rod (31) and the downward hanging component (4) are all made of round tubes or round steel; the suspension or support length of the first hanging rod (31), the second hanging rod (32) and the downward hanging component (4) is at least two-thirds of the length of the staircase.
[0018] Preferably, there are at least two second hanging rods (32), and each second hanging rod (32) has a sliding end rotatably mounted with a moving rod (17). The other end of the moving rod (17) passes through the outer adjustment groove (9) and the inner adjustment groove (10) in sequence and extends into the first core tube (7). The end of the moving rod (17) is rotatably mounted with a moving wheel (18). The moving wheel (18) rolls in contact with the cavity wall of the first core tube (7), and the diameter of the moving wheel (18) is greater than the groove width of the inner adjustment groove (10).
[0019] Another technical solution of the present invention is an installation method for the security device for building construction as described in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1: Adjust the opening and closing angles of the upper arm (1) and the lower arm (2) according to the tilt angle of the upper and lower steps, and lock them by the self-locking mechanism (6); S2: Adjust the extension length of the first auxiliary arm (8) and the second auxiliary arm (12) according to the length of the stairs; S3: Slide the second hanging rod (32) to the predetermined position, rotate the small hanging rod (322) and suspend it on the step of the upward staircase; S4: Rotate the first hanging rod (31) and suspend it on another step of the upward staircase; S5: Rotate the downward hanging piece (4) and support it on the step of the downward staircase; S6: Hang a protective net or safety rope between the hooks (19) on the upper and lower sides to complete the installation.
[0020] Preferably, in step S1, the eccentric cam (63) is driven to rotate by rotating the handle (64) so that the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) are engaged to achieve self-locking, or the handle (64) is rotated in the opposite direction to separate the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) to achieve unlocking.
[0021] As a preferred embodiment, in S3, by pushing the second hanging rod (32), its sliding end drives the moving rod (17) and the moving wheel (18) to roll along the inner wall of the first core tube (7), thereby realizing the position adjustment of the second hanging rod (32).
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Beneficial effects in terms of structural design and ease of operation: (1) Folding and storage, greatly reducing space occupation: The present invention uses the hinged opening and closing structure of the upper arm (1) and the lower arm (2), as well as the telescopic nesting design of the first auxiliary arm (8) and the second auxiliary arm (12), so that the entire device can be folded and stored after use. The upper arm and the lower arm can be rotated and merged, and each hanging part can also be rotated back into the gap (16), greatly reducing the overall volume, significantly reducing transportation and storage costs, and facilitating multiple transfers and reuses on the construction site. Hooks facing opposite directions are set on the upper and lower arms and the auxiliary arms, which facilitates the deployment of protective nets or safety ropes, effectively filling the gaps in the stairs and comprehensively improving the construction safety protection effect. Through hinged folding, telescopic extension of the auxiliary arms, and rotation and sliding of the hanging parts, the device can be stored in a compact form, greatly reducing the volume and facilitating handling and storage.
[0023] (2) Flexible angle adjustment and reliable self-locking: Through the cooperation of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5) and the self-locking mechanism (6), the present invention can achieve precise adaptation to different tilt angles of the up and down stairs. The structure in which the handle (64) drives the eccentric cam (63) to engage the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) is not only easy to operate and requires no tools, but also has high stability after locking, which can effectively prevent loosening or slippage caused by external force disturbance during use, and ensure the long-term stability of the protective posture.
[0024] (3) Adjustable length and strong adaptability: Both the upper arm (1) and the lower arm (2) adopt a nested telescopic structure of "rectangular tube + core tube + auxiliary arm", which can flexibly adjust the extension amount according to the actual length of the stairs, so as to achieve full coverage protection for stairs of different specifications, and solve the problem that traditional integral guardrails cannot adapt to diverse construction scenarios. Through the hinged structure of the upper arm and the lower arm, the opening and closing angle can be flexibly adjusted to match the slope of the stairs; through the telescopic structure of the auxiliary arm and the core tube, the protection length can be adjusted, truly realizing universal adaptation to stairs of various specifications.
[0025] (4) Through a series of innovative designs such as angle adjustment, length extension, multi-point suspension, self-locking positioning, and protective netting, this invention truly solves the technical problems of existing stair railings being unable to be flexibly adapted, inconvenient to store, and lacking comprehensive protection, and has significant progress and substantial features.
[0026] 2. Beneficial effects in terms of safety protection performance: (1) Multi-point suspension for stable fixation: The upward hanging component (3) adopts a dual-point suspension design with a first hanging rod (31) and a second hanging rod (32). The second hanging rod (32) can slide along the inner and outer adjustment grooves to adjust its position. Combined with the rotation suspension function of the small hanging rod (322), it can achieve a firm connection with the multi-layer stair surface of the staircase, effectively distributing the force and preventing single-point detachment. Through the multi-point suspension system composed of the first hanging rod, the second hanging rod, and the small hanging rod, the device is firmly hung on the staircase. Combined with the self-locking mechanism, the angle is rigidly locked, which significantly improves the stability and safety after installation.
[0027] (2) Complete auxiliary protection structure: Hooks (19) are welded to the outer walls of the upper arm (1), the first auxiliary arm (8), the lower arm (2) and the second auxiliary arm (12), and the upper and lower hooks face each other, which facilitates the quick installation of auxiliary protection facilities such as protective nets and safety ropes, fills the gaps between ladders, forms multiple protective barriers, and effectively eliminates the safety hazards of construction personnel falling and materials falling.
[0028] (3) Anti-detachment design, safe and reliable: The second hanging rod (32) cooperates with the moving rod (17) and the moving wheel (18) to slide inside the first core tube (7). The diameter of the moving wheel (18) is larger than the width of the inner adjustment groove (10), forming a mechanical anti-detachment structure to ensure that the second hanging rod (32) will not accidentally detach during sliding or hanging, thus improving the safety of use. This invention is a security device specifically designed for building construction stairwell passages. With protection as its core objective, it takes into account both folding portability and universal adaptability. Its functional positioning is clear, and its protective effect is outstanding.
[0029] 3. Beneficial effects in terms of adaptability and versatility: (1) Widely applicable to various types of up and down stairs: This invention has a triple adjustable mechanism of "angle adjustment + length adjustment + hanging point sliding adjustment", which can flexibly adapt to up and down stairs with different inclination angles, different stair spacings, and different stair section lengths. It has strong versatility and can be widely used in various construction sites.
[0030] (2) Adaptive suspension angle: The first hanging rod (31), the second hanging rod (32) and the small hanging rod (322) at its end are all rotatably connected by a U-shaped hinge seat. The design of limiting the direction of the U-shaped opening not only ensures the flexible adjustment of the suspension angle, but also prevents excessive rotation by limiting the closed end, ensuring that the hanging rod is always in the best stress state.
[0031] 4. Beneficial effects in terms of manufacturing and use economy: (1) Simple structure and low manufacturing cost: All major components adopt standard rectangular tubes, round tubes and conventional hinge structures, which are simple to process, easy to obtain materials, and convenient for mass production, thus reducing manufacturing costs.
[0032] (2) High durability and easy maintenance: The self-locking mechanism adopts a sawtooth meshing and eccentric cam clamping structure, without complex electronic components or vulnerable parts, adapting to the harsh environment of the construction site and having a long service life; each sliding and rotating part is reasonably designed, with little wear and simple maintenance.
[0033] (3) Easy to operate and reduces labor costs: The entire installation, adjustment and dismantling process of the device does not require professional tools and can be completed by a single person, which greatly reduces the operation intensity and time cost of construction personnel and improves construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram from a first-view perspective of the security device for building construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram from a second perspective of the security device for building construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of section C; Figure 6 This is a front view schematic diagram of the security device for building construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the perspective after the upper arm of the security device for building construction provided in this embodiment of the invention is disconnected; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the security device for building construction provided in this embodiment of the invention.
[0035] Explanation of key component symbols: Detailed Implementation
[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example 1
[0037] Please see Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a safety device for building construction, including an upper arm 1, a lower arm 2, an upper hanging member 3 disposed on the upper arm 1, and a lower hanging member 4 disposed on the lower arm 2. One end of the upper arm 1 is fixed with a first U-shaped hinge seat 5, and one end of the lower arm 2 is rotatably connected to the first U-shaped hinge seat 5, so that the upper arm 1 and the lower arm 2 are in an open and closed configuration. The first U-shaped hinge seat 5 is provided with a self-locking mechanism 6, which is used to precisely self-lock the opening and closing angle of the lower arm 2 after it rotates relative to the upper arm 1.
[0038] Structure of the ascending arm 1: The ascending arm 1 is a rectangular tube, with a first core tube 7 fixed inside its cavity. A first auxiliary arm 8 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the first core tube 7, allowing the first auxiliary arm 8 to extend and retract along the first core tube 7, thereby adjusting the total length of the ascending arm 1. The ascending arm 1 has an outer adjustment groove 9 along its length, and the first core tube 7 has an inner adjustment groove 10 along its length. The inner adjustment groove 10 and the outer adjustment groove 9 are arranged to fit together and overlap, forming a through adjustment channel.
[0039] Structure of the down arm 2: The down arm 2 is also a rectangular tube, with a second core tube 11 fixed inside its cavity. A second auxiliary arm 12 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the second core tube 11. The second auxiliary arm 12 can extend and retract along the second core tube 11 to adjust the total length of the down arm 2.
[0040] The upward-mounted hanging component 3 includes a first hanging rod 31 and a second hanging rod 32. The first hanging rod 31 is hinged to the end of the first auxiliary arm 8. Specifically, a fourth U-shaped hinge seat 81 is fixed to the end of the first auxiliary arm 8. The U-shaped opening end of the fourth U-shaped hinge seat 81 faces away from the end of the first auxiliary arm 8. The hinge end of the first hanging rod 31 is rotatably connected to the fourth U-shaped hinge seat 81, allowing the first hanging rod 31 to rotate in the vertical plane to adapt to different suspension angles of the stairs. The second hanging rod 32 is slidably engaged at the overlap of the inner adjustment groove 10 and the outer adjustment groove 9. Its sliding end extends into the first core tube 7 and can move along the groove to adjust the suspension position.
[0041] Downward hanging component 4: This is another hanging rod hinged to the end of the second auxiliary arm 12. Specifically, the end of the second auxiliary arm 12 is fixed with a third U-shaped hinge seat 121. The U-shaped opening end of the third U-shaped hinge seat 121 is open in a direction away from the end of the second auxiliary arm 12. The hinge end of the downward hanging component 4 is rotatably connected to the third U-shaped hinge seat 121 and can rotate to adapt to the support position of the downward staircase.
[0042] Hook 19: Hooks 19 are welded to the outer walls of the upper arm 1, the first auxiliary arm 8, the lower arm 2 and the second auxiliary arm 12. The hooks 19 on the upper side face the same direction as the hooks 19 on the lower side. They are used to hang safety nets or safety ropes, fill gaps in the ladder, and enhance the protective effect.
[0043] Detailed structure and working principle of self-locking mechanism 6: Please see Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a first hinge shaft 13 is installed within the U-shaped space of the first U-shaped hinge seat 5. The rotating end of the down-hand arm 2 extends into the U-shaped space and is rotatably connected to the first hinge shaft 13, allowing the down-hand arm 2 to rotate around the first hinge shaft 13. First sawtooth seats 61 are fixed to both sides of the rotating end of the down-hand arm 2, and second sawtooth seats 62 are correspondingly fixed to both sides of the U-shaped cavity wall of the first U-shaped hinge seat 5. The sawtooth surfaces of the first sawtooth seats 61 and the second sawtooth seats 62 can mesh with each other.
[0044] Both ends of the first hinge shaft 13 extend out of the sidewall of the first U-shaped hinge seat 5, with one end (outer end) passing through to the outer side of the first U-shaped hinge seat 5 and fixedly connected to a pressure seat 14. A second hinge shaft 15 is fixedly mounted on the pressure seat 14, and an eccentric cam 63 is rotatably connected to the second hinge shaft 15. A handle 64 is fixedly connected to the eccentric cam 63. The flange surface of the eccentric cam 63 contacts the outer surface of the first U-shaped hinge seat 5.
[0045] Self-locking principle: In the initial state, the first sawtooth seat 61 and the second sawtooth seat 62 are separated, and the lower arm 2 can rotate freely. When it is necessary to lock the opening angle of the lower arm 2, the operator turns the handle 64, which drives the eccentric cam 63 to rotate around the second hinge axis 15. As the contour radius of the eccentric cam 63 gradually increases, its flange surface will press against the outer surface of the first U-shaped hinge seat 5, generating a thrust towards the inward side. Meanwhile, since the pressure seat 14 is fixed on the first hinge shaft 13, and the first hinge shaft 13 passes through the side wall of the first U-shaped hinge seat 5 and is rotatably connected to the downward arm 2 (and the downward arm 2 and the first hinge shaft 13 are axially fixed relative to each other, for example, by a shoulder or retaining ring), the thrust of the eccentric cam 63 is transmitted to the downward arm 2 through the pressure seat 14 and the first hinge shaft 13, forcing the downward arm 2 to move axially (i.e., axially towards the first U-shaped hinge seat 5), thereby causing the first sawtooth seat 61 and the second sawtooth seat 62 to gradually approach each other and eventually mesh tightly. When the sawtooths are fully engaged, the rotation angle of the downward arm 2 is locked and cannot rotate further. At the same time, due to the self-locking characteristic of the eccentric cam 63 (cam profile at the dead point position), the locking state is stable and reliable and will not loosen due to vibration.
[0046] Unlocking principle: Rotating the handle 64 in the opposite direction causes the eccentric cam 63 to rotate in the opposite direction. The flange surface gradually releases pressure on the outer surface of the first U-shaped hinge seat 5. The pressure seat 14 and the first hinge shaft 13 are no longer subjected to axial thrust. The first sawtooth seat 61 and the second sawtooth seat 62 separate under the action of gravity or slight external force, and the downward arm 2 returns to a free rotation state.
[0047] The self-locking mechanism 6 achieves sawtooth engagement through the axial displacement generated by the eccentric cam 63, with large locking force and stepless angle adjustment, which can accurately adapt to any tilt angle.
[0048] The sliding and anti-slip structure of the second hanging rod 32: Please see Figure 7 As shown, there are at least two second hanging rods 32. A movable rod 17 is rotatably mounted on the sliding end of each rod. The other end of the movable rod 17 passes sequentially through the outer adjustment groove 9 and the inner adjustment groove 10, inserting into the first core tube 7. A movable wheel 18 is rotatably mounted on the end of the movable rod 17, which rolls against the cavity wall of the first core tube 7. The diameter of the movable wheel 18 is larger than the width of the inner adjustment groove 10, thus preventing the second hanging rod 32 from dislodging from the adjustment groove. When the position of the second hanging rod 32 needs to be adjusted, simply push the second hanging rod 32; the movable rod 17 will then drive the movable wheel 18 to roll along the inner wall of the first core tube 7, ensuring a smooth and unobstructed sliding process.
[0049] The free end of the second hanging rod 32 is fixed with a second U-shaped hinge seat 321. A small hanging rod 322 is rotatably installed inside the second U-shaped hinge seat 321. The U-shaped opening end of the second U-shaped hinge seat 321 is open towards the sliding end of the second hanging rod 32. The small hanging rod 322 can rotate around the hinge point. When it needs to be suspended, the small hanging rod 322 is rotated to a horizontal state and inserted into the top surface of the staircase to form a limit. When it is to be stored, the small hanging rod 322 is rotated back to fit against the second hanging rod 32 and is stored together with the second hanging rod 32 in the gap 16 between the upper arm 1 and the lower arm 2.
[0050] The function of gap 16: There is a gap 16 between the upper arm 1 and the lower arm 2. When the device is folded and stored, the second hanging rod 32 and its small hanging rod 322, the first hanging rod 31 and the lower hanging piece 4 can all be put into the gap, reducing the overall volume and facilitating transportation and storage.
[0051] Installation method: The installation steps for this device are as follows: S1. Angle Adjustment: Based on the actual tilt angles of the ascending and descending stairs, manually rotate the descending arm 2 to match the opening and closing angles of the ascending arm 1 and descending arm 2 with the angle between the stairs. Then, rotate the handle 64 to lock the self-locking mechanism 6 via the eccentric cam 63, thus fixing the descending arm 2.
[0052] S2. Length adjustment: According to the length of the ladder, pull the first auxiliary arm 8 and the second auxiliary arm 12 respectively to extend them from the upper arm 1 and the lower arm 2 to an appropriate length, so as to ensure that the total length covers the protected area.
[0053] S3. Adjustment of the upward hanging component: Slide the second hanging rod 32 along the outer adjustment groove 9 and the inner adjustment groove 10 to select a suitable position, and then rotate the small hanging rod 322 to the horizontal position to suspend it on the top surface of a certain step of the upward staircase; at the same time, rotate the first hanging rod 31 to an appropriate angle to suspend it on the top surface of another step of the upward staircase (usually the farthest step), forming a two-point fixation.
[0054] S4. Adjustment of the downward hanging component: Rotate the downward hanging component 4 to a suitable angle so that it is supported on the top surface of the downward step, ensuring the stability of the downward side.
[0055] S5. Auxiliary protection: Install a safety net or safety rope between the hooks 19 on the upper and lower sides to fill the gaps in the ladder and prevent people or materials from falling.
[0056] The security system installation is now complete. To disassemble, simply reverse the process to fold and store each component.
[0057] Other preferred structures: The small hanging rod 322, the first hanging rod 31, and the downward hanging component 4 are all made of round tubes or round steel, with smooth surfaces. They do not obstruct the passage of people when in contact with the staircase and have sufficient strength.
[0058] Through the above structure, the present invention achieves rapid, flexible and reliable protection of the edges of the ascending and descending staircases, significantly improving the safety of the construction site.
[0059] Creative explanation of the overall technical solution: The technical solution of this invention possesses outstanding substantive features and significant progress, and is inventive, for the following reasons: 1. Distinguishing features and the actual technical problems solved: The distinguishing technical features of this application compared to the prior art (such as the integral temporary guardrail described in the background art) are at least as follows: the opening and closing angle is adjusted by means of a self-locking mechanism through a hinged upper arm and a lower arm, and the length is adjusted by means of a core tube and a sliding auxiliary arm inside the arm body, and a sliding and hinged multi-point hanging structure is provided.
[0060] Based on the above distinguishing features, the actual technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to make the security device for building construction flexible and accurate to adapt to stairs with different inclination angles and lengths, and easy to store and transport, while ensuring structural stability.
[0061] 2. Key substantive features: The technical solution of this invention is not a conventional choice or simple combination by those skilled in the art, and has outstanding substantive features: The non-obviousness of structural integration: While both hinged and telescopic structures are common mechanical designs, their ingenious integration into stair railings and the design of specific structures that enable them to work synergistically (such as the overlapping of inner and outer adjustment grooves and the coordination between hangers and telescopic / sliding structures) is not readily apparent. In existing technologies, integral handrails are the mainstream because designing a complex structure that can be folded for storage, adjusted in length, and stably fixed at multiple points requires overcoming numerous technical biases and structural obstacles. When faced with the problem of "handrails not being adjustable," those skilled in the art are likely to think of simple telescopic extension, but find it difficult to conceive of integrating the four functions of angle adjustment, length adjustment, multi-point suspension, and folding storage into a compact, mutually cooperating structure.
[0062] The specific design of the self-locking mechanism: It employs a combination of a first sawtooth seat, a second sawtooth seat, an eccentric cam, and a handle to achieve precise angle self-locking, a non-obvious innovation. This structure not only provides a secure and reliable lock but also facilitates operation. After unlocking, the arm can rotate freely, and the angle is rigidly fixed after self-locking. It cleverly utilizes the force-amplifying and self-locking characteristics of the eccentric wheel, solving the problems of cumbersome operation and uncontrollable locking force associated with traditional bolt fixing methods.
[0063] The innovative design of the hanging system: The upward-moving hanging bracket consists of a fixed first hanging rod and a sliding second hanging rod. The second hanging rod is guided and positioned by overlapping adjustment grooves, and its end also features a small rotating hanging rod with a U-shaped limit seat. This design enables multi-point, adjustable suspension on the stairs, significantly improving stability after installation. Furthermore, all hanging brackets can be rotated and slid back during storage without occupying extra space. This integrated design of the hanging brackets and the main structure demonstrates a high degree of systematicity and innovation.
[0064] 3. Significant Progress: The technical solution of this invention brings significant progress and technical effects: Significantly improved versatility: The device can be perfectly adapted to most different sizes of stairs on the market through dual adjustment of angle and length, making it multi-functional and significantly reducing equipment procurement and management costs on construction sites.
[0065] Significantly enhanced portability and storage: Through folding and telescopic design, the device can be reduced to a very small size, making it easy to move, transport, and store between floors. This solves the problems of traditional integrated guardrails, such as difficulty in handling and large space occupation, and greatly improves the convenience of construction.
[0066] High safety and stability: The multi-point suspension system combined with angled self-locking ensures a secure connection between the device and the staircase, preventing it from wobbling or falling off. Meanwhile, the hook design makes it very convenient to install safety nets, further eliminating the risk of people or materials falling through the stairwell gaps and comprehensively improving the protective effect.
[0067] High operational efficiency: The installation and dismantling of the entire device is simple and quick, requiring no complicated tools, and can be completed by one person or a small number of people, effectively improving construction efficiency.
[0068] In summary, the technical solution of the present invention, through its unique structural design and combination, solves a long-standing problem in the prior art and brings significant beneficial effects. The overall solution is not obvious to those skilled in the art, possesses outstanding substantive features and significant progress, and meets the inventiveness requirements of the Patent Law.
[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A security device for building construction, characterized in that, include: An upper arm (1) and a lower arm (2) are provided. One end of the upper arm (1) is fixed with a first U-shaped hinge seat (5), and one end of the lower arm (2) is rotatably connected to the first U-shaped hinge seat (5), so that the upper arm (1) and the lower arm (2) are in an open and closed configuration. A self-locking mechanism (6) is provided on the first U-shaped hinge seat (5) for locking and positioning the opening and closing angle of the downward arm (2) after it rotates relative to the upward arm (1); An upward hanging component (3) is mounted on the upward arm (1); Downward attachment (4) is mounted on the downward arm (2); The upper arm (1) is a rectangular tube, and a first core tube (7) is fixed inside its cavity. A first auxiliary arm (8) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the first core tube (7). The first auxiliary arm (8) can extend and retract along the first core tube (7). The upper arm (1) has an outer adjustment groove (9) along its length direction, and the first core tube (7) has an inner adjustment groove (10) along its length direction. The inner adjustment groove (10) and the outer adjustment groove (9) are arranged to overlap. The upward hanging component (3) includes a first hanging rod (31) hinged to the end of the first auxiliary arm (8) and a second hanging rod (32) slidably engaged at the overlap of the inner adjustment groove (10) and the outer adjustment groove (9). The second hanging rod (32) can slide along the inner adjustment groove (10) and the outer adjustment groove (9) to adjust its position. The down arm (2) is a rectangular tube, and a second core tube (11) is fixed inside its cavity. A second auxiliary arm (12) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the second core tube (11). The second auxiliary arm (12) can extend and retract along the second core tube (11). The down hanging piece (4) is hinged to the end of the second auxiliary arm (12). Hooks (19) are fixedly installed on the outer walls of the upper arm (1), the first auxiliary arm (8), the lower arm (2) and the second auxiliary arm (12), with the hooks (19) on the upper side and the hooks (19) on the lower side facing each other.
2. The security device for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first hinge shaft (13) is installed in the U-shaped space of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5), and the rotating end of the down arm (2) extends into the U-shaped space of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5) and is rotatably connected to the first hinge shaft (13). The self-locking mechanism (6) includes a first sawtooth seat (61) fixed to both sides of the rotating end of the down arm (2), a second sawtooth seat (62) fixed to both sides of the U-shaped cavity wall of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5), and an eccentric cam (63) rotatably connected to the second hinge shaft (15). The sawtooth surfaces of the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) can mesh with each other. A handle (64) is fixedly connected to the eccentric cam (63), and the flange surface of the eccentric cam (63) abuts against the outer surface of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5). The outer end of the first hinge shaft (13) extends out of the outer side of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5) and is fixedly connected to a pressure seat (14), on which a second hinge shaft (15) is installed.
3. The security device for building construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The eccentric cam (63) is configured as follows: When the handle (64) drives the eccentric cam (63) to rotate, the flange surface of the eccentric cam (63) presses against the outer surface of the first U-shaped hinge seat (5), and drives the downward arm (2) to move axially through the pressure seat (14) and the first hinge shaft (13), so that the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) engage and lock. When the handle (64) drives the eccentric cam (63) to rotate in the opposite direction, the flange surface of the eccentric cam (63) disengages from the pressure on the first U-shaped hinge seat (5), and the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) separate and unlock.
4. The security device for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gap (16) is formed between the upper arm (1) and the lower arm (2), and the second hanging rod (32) is located in the gap (16) in the retracted state; a second U-shaped hinge seat (321) is fixed to the free end of the second hanging rod (32), and a small hanging rod (322) is rotatably installed in the second U-shaped hinge seat (321), and the U-shaped opening end of the second U-shaped hinge seat (321) is open toward the sliding end of the second hanging rod (32).
5. The security device for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the first auxiliary arm (8) is fixed with a fourth U-shaped hinge seat (81). The U-shaped opening end of the fourth U-shaped hinge seat (81) is open in a direction away from the end of the first auxiliary arm (8). The hinge end of the first hanging rod (31) is rotatably connected to the fourth U-shaped hinge seat (81). The end of the second auxiliary arm (12) is fixed with a third U-shaped hinge seat (121). The U-shaped opening end of the third U-shaped hinge seat (121) is open in a direction away from the end of the second auxiliary arm (12). The hinge end of the downward hanging piece (4) is rotatably connected to the third U-shaped hinge seat (121).
6. The security device for building construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The small hanging rod (322), the first hanging rod (31) and the downward hanging component (4) are all made of round tubes or round steel; the suspension or support length of the first hanging rod (31), the second hanging rod (32) and the downward hanging component (4) is at least two-thirds of the length of the staircase.
7. The security device for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are at least two second hanging rods (32). Each second hanging rod (32) has a sliding end rotatably mounted with a moving rod (17). The other end of the moving rod (17) passes through the outer adjustment groove (9) and the inner adjustment groove (10) in sequence and extends into the first core tube (7). The end of the moving rod (17) is rotatably mounted with a moving wheel (18). The moving wheel (18) rolls in contact with the cavity wall of the first core tube (7), and the diameter of the moving wheel (18) is greater than the groove width of the inner adjustment groove (10).
8. A method for installing a security device for building construction as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Adjust the opening and closing angles of the upward arm (1) and the downward arm (2) according to the tilt angles of the upward and downward stairs, and lock them in place through the self-locking mechanism (6); S2: Adjust the extension length of the first auxiliary arm (8) and the second auxiliary arm (12) according to the length of the stairs; S3: Slide the second hanging rod (32) to the predetermined position, rotate the small hanging rod (322) and suspend it on the step of the upward staircase; S4: Rotate the first hanging rod (31) and suspend it on another step of the upward staircase; S5: Rotate the downward hanging piece (4) and support it on the step of the downward staircase; S6: Hang a protective net or safety rope between the hooks (19) on the upper and lower sides to complete the installation.
9. The installation method of the security device for building construction according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, the eccentric cam (63) is driven to rotate by rotating the handle (64), so that the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) are engaged to achieve self-locking, or the handle (64) is rotated in the opposite direction to separate the first sawtooth seat (61) and the second sawtooth seat (62) to achieve unlocking.
10. The installation method of the security device for building construction according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, by pushing the second hanging rod (32), its sliding end drives the moving rod (17) and the moving wheel (18) to roll along the inner wall of the first core tube (7), thereby realizing the position adjustment of the second hanging rod (32).