A multi-reservoir coordinated emergency regulation method and device for coal mine underground reservoirs and a medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of coal mine underground reservoirs multi-reservoir coordinated emergency regulation and control method, equipment and medium, belong to mine water safety and resource utilization technical field, it is applied to the distributed system including multiple underground reservoirs and interconnection pipe network, it aims at solving the problem of insufficient emergency coordination ability and regulation and control response lag under water level overrun emergency working condition, specifically includes: determining early warning level based on real-time water level and safety water level upper threshold, and automatically matching initial emergency regulation and control mode;Corresponding emergency regulation and control model is called to carry out simulation calculation, generates emergency regulation and control scheme, and obtains predicted water level and predicted regulation and control duration;According to the prediction result, dynamically determine whether the regulation and control mode needs to be upgraded in the order of increasing regulation and control intensity, until the scheme meets the requirements after issuing execution, realize the rapid start-up and accurate adaptation of emergency regulation and control, improve the disposal ability and level of distributed coal mine underground reservoirs in response to water level overrun and other emergency conditions, and take into account the comprehensive utilization rate of mine water resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safe coal mining and mine water resource utilization technology, and in particular to a multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method, equipment and medium for underground water reservoirs in coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine underground water reservoirs utilize the goaf to store mine water, achieving an integrated system of "guidance, storage, and utilization." This is a major innovation in the coordinated development of coal mining and water resource protection in ecologically fragile areas of western my country, effectively alleviating the regional water shortage problem.

[0003] Coal mine underground water reservoirs bear the dual mission of ensuring mine safety and realizing the utilization of mine water resources. In operation and management, especially in response to sudden emergencies such as water level exceeding limits, existing technologies largely rely on manual experience and single-point fixed threshold triggering control, resulting in delayed responses and difficulty in forming optimal coordinated strategies among multiple reservoirs and control facilities. How to quickly lower water levels to eliminate safety risks while minimizing the ineffective discharge or waste of valuable water resources, achieving a balance between safety and economy, is a critical technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above shortcomings and needs, this invention aims to provide a method, equipment, and medium for multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control of underground water reservoirs in coal mines, solving the problems of insufficient emergency coordination capabilities and delayed control response of underground water reservoirs in coal mines.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines is provided, applicable to a distributed underground water reservoir system in coal mines, comprising underground water reservoirs, water supply pumping stations, drainage pumping stations, water injection pipelines, clean water drainage pipelines, sewage drainage pipelines, underground water use units, surface water use units, and emergency pumping stations. The method includes: Real-time monitoring data of the water level in the coal mine underground reservoir is collected. Based on this real-time monitoring data, a water level warning level is determined by comparing it with a preset safe water level upper limit threshold. The safe water level upper limit threshold is preset according to the management requirements of the coal mine underground reservoir. Based on the water level warning level, an emergency control mode is automatically matched from a preset set of emergency control modes. This set of emergency control modes includes, in ascending order of emergency control intensity, a reduced water injection mode, an increased water supply mode, an increased drainage mode, and an emergency pumping mode. Real-time operation data of the coal mine underground reservoir control facilities and real-time monitoring data of water level and volume are acquired. An emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode is called to perform simulation calculations, generating an emergency control plan to obtain the predicted water level and expected control duration of the coal mine underground reservoir. It is then determined whether the predicted water level is lower than the safe water level upper limit threshold and whether the expected control duration is shorter than the preset threshold. The system sets an emergency response time limit. If the predicted water level is higher than or equal to the upper limit of the safe water level or the expected control duration is greater than or equal to the preset emergency response time limit, it determines whether the current mode is the emergency pumping mode. If the current mode is not the emergency pumping mode, it upgrades the emergency control mode to the next level based on the emergency control mode set in ascending order of emergency control intensity, and returns to the operation of calling the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode for simulation calculation. If the current mode is the emergency pumping mode, it triggers the highest level alarm signal and issues a control plan to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system according to the maximum drainage capacity under the current mode. If the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit of the safe water level and the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit, it issues an emergency control plan that meets the requirements to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system.

[0006] According to another aspect of the present invention, a multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control device for underground water reservoirs in coal mines is provided, configured in a distributed underground water reservoir system in coal mines, comprising an underground water reservoir, a water supply pumping station, a drainage pumping station, a water injection pipeline, a clean water drainage pipeline, a sewage drainage pipeline, an underground water supply unit, a surface water supply unit, and an emergency pumping station. The device includes: The level determination module collects real-time monitoring data of the water level in the underground water reservoir of the coal mine, compares the real-time monitoring data with a preset upper limit threshold for safe water level, and determines the water level warning level; wherein, the upper limit threshold for safe water level is preset according to the management requirements of the underground water reservoir of the coal mine. The matching mode module automatically matches an emergency control mode from a preset set of emergency control modes based on the water level warning level; wherein, the set of emergency control modes includes, in ascending order of emergency control intensity, a reduced water injection mode, an increased water supply mode, an increased drainage mode, and an emergency pumping mode. The model simulation module, by acquiring real-time operation data and real-time monitoring data of water level and volume of the coal mine underground water reservoir control facilities, calls the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode to perform simulation calculations, generates an emergency control plan, and obtains the predicted water level and expected control duration of the coal mine underground water reservoir. The control judgment module determines whether the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit threshold of the safe water level and whether the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit. The mode determination module determines whether the current mode is the emergency pumping mode if the predicted water level is higher than or equal to the upper limit of the safe water level or the expected regulation duration is greater than or equal to the preset emergency response time limit. The mode upgrade module, if the current mode is not the emergency pumping mode, upgrades the emergency control mode to the next level based on the emergency control mode set sorted in ascending order of emergency control intensity, and returns to execute the operation of calling the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode for simulation calculation; The highest alarm module, if the current mode is the emergency pumping mode, will trigger the highest level alarm signal and issue a control plan to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system according to the maximum drainage capacity of the current mode. The scheme distribution module will distribute the required emergency control scheme to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system if the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit threshold of the safe water level and the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit.

[0007] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising: At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, the computer instructions being configured to cause a processor to execute and implement the multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] The technical solution of this invention uses real-time water level monitoring data and a preset safe water level upper limit as a benchmark to determine the early warning level in stages. It automatically matches the initial emergency control mode according to a preset set of control intensity increasing progressively. Then, it combines the operation of the control facilities and water level and volume monitoring data to call the corresponding model for simulation calculation. Using predicted water level and expected control duration as dual judgment criteria, modes that do not meet safety and timeliness requirements are upgraded step by step according to intensity until the highest level emergency pumping mode is reached, triggering the highest level alarm and executing the plan according to the maximum drainage capacity. Plans that meet the requirements are directly issued for execution. Under multiple constraints, this achieves a gradual increase in warning level from weak to strong. The robust, tiered, and progressive emergency control system can precisely match the control intensity according to the water level situation, avoiding water waste and equipment damage caused by excessive control. It can also ensure safe handling under extreme high water level conditions through a step-by-step escalation mechanism. At the same time, the dual verification of predicted water level and expected control duration ensures the effectiveness and timeliness of the control plan. This significantly improves the scientific, accurate, and reliable nature of multi-reservoir collaborative emergency control, providing full-process, tiered intelligent management and control support for the safe and stable operation of coal mine underground reservoirs. It solves the problems of insufficient emergency coordination capabilities and delayed control response of coal mine underground reservoirs, achieving a balance between safety and economy.

[0010] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the sequential upgrade of an emergency control mode for underground water reservoirs in coal mines, applicable to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a topology network diagram of an emergency water regulation system for underground reservoirs in coal mines, applicable to embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control device for underground water reservoirs in coal mines, provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for implementing the control method of underground water reservoirs in coal mines according to embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0013] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0015] Example 1 Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the control of distributed underground water reservoirs in coal mines. The method can be executed by a multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control device for underground water reservoirs in coal mines. This multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control device for underground water reservoirs in coal mines can be implemented in hardware and / or software, and can generally be configured in a distributed underground water reservoir system in coal mines, including underground water reservoirs, water supply pumping stations, drainage pumping stations, water injection pipelines, clean water drainage pipelines, sewage drainage pipelines, underground water use units, surface water use units, and emergency pumping stations.

[0016] In this embodiment of the invention, the distributed coal mine underground water reservoir system can be specifically understood as an interconnected and collaboratively managed overall water body control system composed of multiple underground water reservoirs, supporting pump stations, various pipelines, water-using units, and emergency equipment. The underground water reservoir can be specifically understood as the core water storage unit of the system, used for storing and regulating mine water.

[0017] A water supply pumping station can be understood as a facility that draws clean water from a reservoir and supplies it stably to underground or surface water-using units. A drainage pumping station can be understood as a pumping station used for routine drainage and the discharge of water bodies with substandard water quality. An emergency pumping station can be understood as the highest-level emergency equipment used for forced drainage and pressure reduction during extremely high water levels.

[0018] Water injection pipelines can be understood as pipelines that reinject treated water into underground reservoirs for storage. Clean water drainage pipelines can be understood as pipelines that transport qualified clean water for water supply and inter-reservoir allocation. Sewage drainage pipelines can be understood as pipelines that transport water that exceeds quality standards, is excessive, or requires treatment to the sewage treatment process.

[0019] The underground and surface water use units can be specifically understood as: system water use terminals, which may include water use points for production, living, industry, etc.

[0020] Correspondingly, such as Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: S110. Collect real-time monitoring data of underground water level in coal mines, and compare the real-time monitoring data with the preset safe water level upper limit threshold to determine the water level warning level.

[0021] The upper limit threshold of the safe water level is preset according to the management requirements of underground water reservoirs in coal mines.

[0022] In this embodiment of the invention, real-time water level monitoring data can be specifically understood as: the current water level value of the underground reservoir in the coal mine collected in real time by monitoring equipment, which is the basic data for judging potential hazards. The upper limit threshold for safe water level can be specifically understood as: a pre-set maximum safe operating water level for the reservoir; exceeding this value indicates a safety hazard. The water level warning level can be specifically understood as: a warning level divided based on the comparison between the real-time water level and the safe threshold, used to activate the corresponding intensity of control mode.

[0023] Specifically, real-time monitoring data of water levels in underground coal mine reservoirs is collected. The upper limit threshold of the safe water level is a fixed standard set in advance according to the relevant management requirements of safety management, production operation and flood control of underground coal mine reservoirs. The real-time monitored water level data is compared with the preset threshold. Based on the comparison result, it is determined whether the reservoir water level is within the safe range, and the corresponding water level warning level is determined accordingly, which serves as the direct basis for initiating graded emergency control.

[0024] In a specific example, water level sensors or liquid level monitoring equipment are installed in key water storage areas of underground reservoirs in coal mines to collect real-time water level data and upload it to the control platform. The control platform compares the real-time water level with the upper limit threshold of the safe water level set in advance according to the safety of the reservoir dam, production control and flood control requirements. When the real-time water level does not exceed the threshold, it is determined to be in a state of no warning or low warning. When the real-time water level reaches or exceeds the threshold, the platform automatically classifies and outputs the corresponding water level warning level according to the extent of the exceedance, providing an accurate basis for subsequent matching of emergency control modes.

[0025] S120. Based on the water level warning level, automatically match the emergency control mode from the preset emergency control mode set.

[0026] The emergency control mode set includes, in ascending order of emergency control intensity, a reduced water injection mode, an increased water supply mode, an increased drainage mode, and an emergency pumping mode.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the emergency control mode set can be specifically understood as: a set of pre-configured emergency control methods arranged from smallest to largest in terms of handling intensity.

[0028] Specifically, after determining the water level warning level, the system selects from four emergency control modes that increase in intensity: reducing water injection, increasing water supply, increasing drainage, and emergency pumping. Following the rule that the higher the warning level, the stronger the control mode selected, the more suitable the emergency control mode is automatically matched for the current emergency situation. Reducing water injection is the basic light control, while emergency pumping is the highest level of strong emergency response.

[0029] In a specific example, a one-to-one correspondence between water level warning levels and emergency control modes is pre-established in the control platform. The low warning level corresponds to the weakest control mode of reducing water injection, the medium warning level corresponds to the mode of increasing water supply, the higher warning level corresponds to the mode of increasing drainage, and the high warning level corresponds to the strongest emergency pumping mode. After identifying the current water level warning level, the system automatically retrieves and matches the corresponding emergency control mode and directly enters the simulation calculation process of that mode.

[0030] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the emergency control model corresponding to the reduced water injection mode may include a first reduction objective function, a second reduction objective function, and reduction constraints; wherein, the first reduction objective function is: ; in, For the first reduction objective function, Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second objective function for reduction is: ; in, For the second reduction objective function, Let be the amount of water injected by the j-th pumping station into the i-th reservoir during the t-th time period. Let J be the design flow rate of the j-th water injection pump station, J be the number of pump stations, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground water reservoirs in the coal mine. The constraints to be reduced include water injection constraints, water supply constraints, drainage constraints, emergency pumping constraints, and reservoir water balance constraints.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the reduced water injection mode can be specifically understood as: a basic emergency control mode that controls the amount of water entering the reservoir and gently lowers the water level by reducing or stopping the injection of water into the reservoir.

[0032] The first reduction objective function f1 can be understood as follows: The goal is to keep the reservoir water level as close as possible to and below the safe upper limit, while using a penalty function to suppress water level exceeding the limit. The second reduction objective function f2 can be understood as follows: The goal is to keep the actual water injection volume of the pumping station as close as possible to the design flow rate, thereby smoothly and energy-efficiently reducing water injection and avoiding drastic flow fluctuations.

[0033] The penalty function φ can be understood as: when the water level exceeds the limit, a penalty is imposed to guide the model to prioritize pushing the water level back to a safe range. The reduction of constraints can be understood as: the physical boundaries that the model must adhere to during calculations, including the injection volume, supply volume, drainage volume, pumping volume, and reservoir water balance.

[0034] Specifically, the water injection reduction mode adopts a dual-objective optimization and control model. The first reduction objective function f1 focuses on minimizing the deviation between the water level of each ground reservoir and the corresponding upper limit threshold of the safe water level at each time period. A penalty function is used to forcibly constrain the water level exceeding the limit, ensuring that the optimization process prioritizes controlling the water level within the safe threshold. The second reduction objective function f2 aims to minimize the sum of squared errors between the actual water injection volume and the design flow rate of each water injection pumping station, maintaining stable pumping station flow and smooth operation while reducing water injection. The entire optimization calculation process strictly meets the constraints of upper limit of water injection volume, water supply demand, upper limit of drainage volume, upper limit of emergency pumping volume, and water conservation of reservoir volume, and finally outputs a water injection reduction implementation plan that takes into account water level safety, equipment stability, and control effect.

[0035] By constructing an emergency control model for reduced water injection mode that includes dual objective functions and multi-dimensional constraints, the first reduction objective function minimizes the deviation between the reservoir water level and the upper limit threshold of the safe water level, and uses a penalty function to forcibly avoid the risk of water level exceeding the limit, thus accurately ensuring the safe operation of the reservoir. The second reduction objective function achieves a stable match between the actual water injection volume and the design flow of the water injection pump station, which can effectively avoid the impact of drastic flow fluctuations on equipment and pipelines. At the same time, by combining the constraints of water injection volume, water supply volume, drainage volume, emergency pumping volume and reservoir water balance, it can achieve dual optimization of safety control and stable equipment operation while meeting the engineering physical constraints and production water demand. This significantly improves the scientificity, feasibility and reliability of the reduced water injection control scheme, and provides accurate decision support for the mild emergency depressurization of underground water reservoirs in coal mines.

[0036] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, an emergency control model corresponding to the water supply mode is added, including a first increase supply objective function, a second increase supply objective function, and increase supply constraints; wherein, the first increase supply objective function is: ; in, Provide the objective function for the first addition. Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second objective function for supply enhancement is: ; in, Provide the objective function for the second addition. Let be the water supply from the i-th reservoir to the j-th water user unit in the t-th time period. The maximum water demand of the j-th unit in the t-th time period, where T is the total number of control periods and N is the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine; The constraints on increased water supply include constraints on water injection volume, water supply volume, water discharge volume, emergency pumping volume, and reservoir water balance.

[0037] In this embodiment of the invention, the increased water supply mode can be specifically understood as an emergency control strategy with active water supply as the core means. By increasing the water supply to water-using terminals, the underground water reservoir is rapidly depleted, thereby lowering the water level and eliminating potential hazards. The first increased supply objective function f3 can be specifically understood as the core safety objective of minimizing the deviation between the reservoir water level and the safe upper limit, and forcibly penalizing water level exceeding the limit through a penalty function to ensure the absolute safety of the control effect. The second increased supply objective function f4 can be specifically understood as the efficiency objective of minimizing the deviation between the actual water supply and the maximum water demand of the water-using unit, ensuring that while reducing pressure, the needs of each water-using point can be accurately met, avoiding resource waste or insufficient water supply.

[0038] The additional constraints can be understood as the physical and engineering boundaries that must be followed during model calculations, covering the flow limits for water injection, water supply, drainage, and emergency pumping, as well as the conservation of reservoir water volume, to ensure the feasibility of the scheme.

[0039] Specifically, the emergency control model corresponding to the increased water supply mode is achieved through dual-objective optimization. The first objective function f3 focuses on minimizing the deviation between the water level of each underground reservoir during a given period and the upper limit threshold for safety. A penalty function is used to punish the water level exceeding the limit, ensuring that the water level falls back to below the threshold quickly and safely. The second objective function f4 aims to minimize the deviation between the actual water supply from each reservoir to the water-using unit and the maximum water demand of each water-using unit. While ensuring water supply demand, it optimizes water supply allocation. The entire optimization process strictly follows the constraints of water injection, water supply, drainage, emergency pumping, and reservoir water balance constraints, ultimately generating an increased water supply control scheme that meets both water level safety requirements and accurately matches water demand.

[0040] By constructing an emergency water supply control model that includes a first and second objective functions for increasing water supply, along with constraints, the first objective function ensures that the underground reservoir water level is always controlled within the safe upper limit threshold. A penalty function is used to quickly eliminate the risk of water level exceeding the limit, achieving the fundamental safety objective of emergency control. The second objective function achieves precise matching between water supply flow and the maximum water demand of water-using units, maximizing the satisfaction of underground and surface water demand while rapidly reducing pressure, avoiding resource waste or insufficient water supply caused by indiscriminate water supply. Furthermore, optimization solutions are developed under constraints such as injection volume, supply volume, drainage volume, emergency pumping volume, and reservoir water balance. This results in an increased water supply control scheme that combines high safety, feasibility, and water use efficiency, providing a scientific and precise decision-making basis for achieving the dual objectives of safe pressure reduction and production assurance in coal mine underground reservoirs under high water level conditions.

[0041] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, an emergency control model corresponding to the drainage mode is added, including a first emission increase objective function, a second emission increase objective function, and emission increase constraints; wherein, the first emission increase objective function is: ; in, Let the first objective function be the row increase function. Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second objective function for increasing the number of animals is: ; in, The second objective function for increasing the number of rows is... Let be the discharge volume of the i-th reservoir to the j-th drainage unit in the t-th time period. Let T be the maximum drainage volume of the j-th drainage unit in the t-th time period, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. The constraints on increased discharge include constraints on water injection volume, water supply volume, water discharge volume, emergency pumping volume, and reservoir water balance.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, the additional drainage mode can be specifically understood as a medium-to-high intensity emergency control method that rapidly reduces the reservoir water level by increasing the amount of external drainage.

[0043] The first objective function for increasing discharge, f5, can be understood as follows: The core safety objective is to keep the reservoir water level close to the safe threshold and not exceed it; exceeding the limit triggers a penalty function. The second objective function for increasing discharge, f6, can be understood as follows: To ensure that the actual discharge volume is as close as possible to the maximum discharge capacity of the drainage unit, achieving efficient pressure reduction.

[0044] The emission increase constraints can be specifically understood as: constraints that ensure the regulation is feasible within the boundaries of equipment capacity, water balance, and water supply demand.

[0045] Specifically, the emergency control model corresponding to the increased drainage mode consists of a first increased drainage objective function, a second increased drainage objective function, and increased drainage constraints. The first increased drainage objective function f5 aims to minimize the deviation between the water level of each groundwater reservoir and the corresponding upper limit threshold of the safe water level at each time period, and uses a penalty function to forcibly suppress water level exceeding the limit to ensure that the control process is safe and controllable. The second increased drainage objective function f6 aims to minimize the deviation between the actual drainage volume of each reservoir to each drainage unit and the maximum drainage volume of the corresponding drainage unit, making full use of drainage capacity to achieve rapid pressure reduction. The entire optimization calculation strictly meets the constraints such as water injection volume, water supply volume, drainage volume, emergency pumping volume, and reservoir water balance, and finally generates an increased drainage control scheme that takes into account water level safety, drainage efficiency, and engineering feasibility.

[0046] By constructing an emergency control model for the increased drainage mode, which includes dual objective functions and multi-dimensional constraints, the first objective function minimizes the deviation between the reservoir water level and the upper limit of the safe water level. A penalty function is used to enforce the water level not exceeding the limit, ensuring the core safety of reservoir operation. The second objective function achieves precise matching between the actual drainage volume and the maximum drainage capacity of the drainage unit, fully leveraging the system's drainage efficiency and rapidly reducing the reservoir water level. Furthermore, by optimizing the solution in conjunction with constraints such as injection volume, supply volume, drainage volume, emergency pumping volume, and reservoir water balance, the control scheme achieves optimal safety management and drainage efficiency while meeting engineering equipment limitations, production water demand, and water conservation rules. This significantly improves the scientific validity, feasibility, and emergency response capabilities of increased drainage control, providing stable and efficient control decision support for high-intensity water level exceedance conditions in coal mine underground reservoirs.

[0047] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency pumping mode includes a first emergency objective function, a second emergency objective function, and emergency constraints; wherein, the first emergency objective function is: ; in, The first emergency objective function is... Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second emergency objective function is: ; in, The second emergency objective function is... Let be the pumping volume of the i-th reservoir at the j-th emergency pumping station during the t-th time period. Let T be the maximum pumping capacity of the j-th emergency pumping station in the t-th time period, T be the total number of control time periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Emergency constraints include water injection constraints, water supply constraints, drainage constraints, emergency pumping constraints, and reservoir water balance constraints.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, the emergency pumping mode can be specifically understood as: the highest level of emergency control method, which relies on emergency pumping stations to forcefully discharge water and quickly push the water level below the limit back to a safe range.

[0049] The first emergency objective function f7 can be understood as: keeping the reservoir water level as close as possible to the safe threshold, and strictly prohibiting the water level from exceeding the limit using a penalty function. The second emergency objective function f8 can be understood as: making the emergency pumping volume as close as possible to the maximum pumping capacity of the pumping station, achieving the efficiency goal of the fastest pressure reduction.

[0050] Emergency constraints can be specifically understood as: hard constraints that the model calculation must comply with, such as equipment limits, water demand, and water conservation.

[0051] Specifically, the regulation model corresponding to the emergency pumping mode consists of a first emergency objective function, a second emergency objective function, and emergency constraint conditions. The first emergency objective function f7 focuses on minimizing the deviation between the water levels of each reservoir at each time period and the upper threshold of the safety water level, and uses a penalty function to forcibly constrain the water level from exceeding the limit, ensuring the operation safety under extreme conditions. The second emergency objective function f8 aims to minimize the deviation between the actual emergency pumping volume and the maximum pumping capacity of the pumping station, maximizing the utilization of emergency equipment capabilities to achieve rapid and strong drainage. The entire calculation process strictly satisfies the constraints of water injection, water supply, drainage, emergency pumping, and water volume balance, and finally generates a safe, efficient, and implementable emergency regulation plan of the highest level.

[0052] By constructing an emergency pumping mode regulation model that includes a dual-objective function and multi-dimensional constraint conditions, minimizing the deviation between the reservoir water level and the upper threshold of the safety water level with the first emergency objective function, and using a penalty function to strictly suppress the water level from exceeding the limit, it is possible to prioritize the operation safety of the underground reservoir under extreme danger. With the second emergency objective function, the emergency pumping volume is made as close as possible to the maximum pumping capacity of the pumping station, which can give full play to the strong drainage efficiency of the emergency equipment and achieve a rapid drop in the water level. At the same time, by combining the constraints of water injection volume, water supply volume, drainage volume, emergency pumping volume, and reservoir water volume balance for solution, it can ensure that the emergency pumping plan is stable and feasible under the multiple restrictions of equipment capabilities, production water use, and water volume conservation, achieving a double improvement in safety control and emergency disposal efficiency, and providing reliable decision-making support for the highest-level water level exceeding limit condition of the coal mine underground reservoir.

[0053] S130. Obtain the real-time operation data of the regulation facilities of the coal mine underground reservoir and the real-time monitoring data of water level and water volume, call the emergency regulation model corresponding to the emergency regulation mode for simulation calculation, generate an emergency regulation plan, and obtain the predicted water level and the estimated regulation duration of the coal mine underground reservoir.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present invention, the real-time operation data can be specifically understood as: the real-time data of the current operation status, flow rate, opening degree, power, etc. of the regulation equipment such as the pump house, pumping station, pipeline, and valve supporting the coal mine underground reservoir. The real-time monitoring data of water level and water volume can be specifically understood as: the real-time monitoring data of the reservoir real-time water level, inflow rate, outflow rate, water storage volume, etc. collected by the monitoring equipment.

[0055] The emergency control model can be understood as a dual-objective optimization calculation model corresponding to four modes: reducing water injection, increasing water supply, increasing drainage, and emergency pumping. The emergency control plan can be understood as a set of control commands that can be directly issued and executed, including equipment operation instructions, flow settings, and execution sequences. The predicted water level can be understood as the water level value of the reservoir in the future period after implementing the current control plan, calculated through model simulation. The estimated control duration can be understood as the time required, calculated by the model, to lower the reservoir water level below the safe threshold.

[0056] Specifically, real-time operational data such as the operating status, flow rate, and opening degree of various pumping stations, pipelines, and other control facilities in coal mine underground reservoirs can be acquired through on-site sensors or data acquisition terminals and programmable controller devices. Real-time water level, inflow, and outflow data for each reservoir can also be obtained. This multi-source data is then synchronously transmitted to the control platform. Based on the matched modes of reducing water injection, increasing water supply, increasing drainage, or emergency pumping, the platform calls upon the corresponding emergency control model, which includes constraints such as dual objective functions, penalty functions, and water balance, to perform multi-objective optimization simulation calculations. This generates an emergency control plan that includes the operating parameters of each device, execution sequence, and flow allocation. Simulations then determine the predicted water level of the reservoir after implementing the plan and the estimated control time required to lower the water level below the upper limit of the safe water level threshold. This provides data support for subsequent mode upgrade determination and plan issuance and execution.

[0057] S140. Determine whether the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit threshold of the safe water level, and whether the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, the emergency response time limit can be specifically understood as: the maximum allowable handling time preset by the management end, which is the standard for judging timeliness.

[0059] S150. If the predicted water level is higher than or equal to the upper limit threshold of the safe water level or the expected regulation duration is greater than or equal to the preset emergency response time limit, then determine whether the current mode is the emergency pumping mode.

[0060] Specifically, based on the predicted water level and expected control duration output by the emergency control model, a dual-condition judgment is carried out. First, it is determined whether the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit of the safe water level threshold and whether the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit. Only when both safety and timeliness requirements are met simultaneously is the current control plan effective. If the predicted water level is higher than or equal to the safe threshold, or the expected control duration exceeds the emergency response time limit, it indicates that the current control mode is insufficient in strength or efficiency. The system will further determine whether the highest intensity emergency pumping mode has been activated, thereby deciding whether to upgrade the mode or directly trigger the highest level alarm and forced drainage plan.

[0061] S160. If the current mode is not the emergency pumping mode, then based on the emergency control mode set sorted in ascending order of emergency control intensity, the emergency control mode is upgraded to the next level, and the operation of calling the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode for simulation calculation is returned.

[0062] S170. If the current mode is the emergency pumping mode, the highest level alarm signal is triggered, and the control plan is sent to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system according to the maximum drainage capacity of the current mode.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, the control execution end can be specifically understood as: control equipment and terminals that receive instructions, such as on-site pump rooms, pump stations, and valves.

[0064] Specifically, when the predicted water level does not meet safety requirements or the expected control duration exceeds the time limit, if the current operating mode is not the most intense emergency pumping mode, the system will automatically upgrade the emergency control mode to the next stronger level according to the increasing order of reducing water injection, increasing water supply, increasing drainage, and emergency pumping. It will also reacquire real-time operation and monitoring data, call the dual-objective optimization control model corresponding to the upgraded mode to perform simulation calculations again, generate a plan, and verify the effect. If the current emergency pumping mode is already at the highest level, indicating that there is no stronger mode to upgrade to, the system will immediately trigger the highest level alarm signal to remind on-site control personnel, and generate a limit control plan according to the maximum pumping and drainage capacity under the emergency pumping mode. This plan will be directly sent to the control execution terminals of the distributed coal mine underground water reservoir system, such as pump rooms, pumping stations, and pipelines, for mandatory execution, so as to reduce the reservoir water level and eliminate safety hazards as quickly as possible.

[0065] S180. If the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit of the safe water level threshold, and the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit, then the emergency control plan that meets the requirements will be sent to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system.

[0066] Specifically, after simulation calculations and dual-condition judgments by the corresponding emergency control model, if the predicted water level can be controlled below the upper limit of the safe water level threshold, and the estimated time required to complete the control can be controlled within the preset emergency response time limit, it indicates that the control scheme under the current mode can both ensure the safe receding of the reservoir water level and complete the disposal within the specified time, without the need to upgrade the control mode. At this time, the system will directly issue the optimized control scheme, which includes flow setting, equipment start-up and shutdown, and operation sequence, to the control execution terminal of the distributed coal mine underground reservoir system composed of underground reservoirs, various pumping stations, pipelines and water-using units. The on-site execution agency will automatically implement water level control according to the scheme, achieving efficient disposal while ensuring safety.

[0067] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram illustrating the sequential upgrade of an emergency control mode for underground water reservoirs in coal mines, applicable to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, taking the coal mine underground reservoir water level warning level as the trigger point, the water level warning is divided into four levels: blue, yellow, orange, and red. These correspond to four emergency control modes with progressively increasing control intensity: Mode 1 (reducing water injection), Mode 2 (increasing water supply), Mode 3 (increasing drainage), and Mode 4 (emergency pumping). For each warning level, the system first calls the corresponding mode's emergency control model to perform simulation calculations and outputs the simulation results. Then, it determines whether the reservoir water level has dropped below the upper limit threshold of the safe water level. If it is determined to be yes, the emergency control scheme is directly output. If it is determined to be no and the current mode is not the highest level emergency pumping mode, the system automatically upgrades to the next level control mode in increasing order of intensity and repeats the simulation and judgment process. If the current mode is already the highest level emergency pumping mode and the water level still has not reached the standard, the highest level alarm signal is generated, realizing a graded progressive emergency control closed loop from mild to strong.

[0068] Optionally, based on the above embodiments, the multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines is applicable to the emergency control topology network of underground water bodies in coal mines. The emergency regulation topology network for underground water bodies in coal mines includes: underground water reservoirs in coal mines, water supply pump stations, drainage pump stations, water supply pipelines, clean water drainage pipelines, sewage drainage pipelines, water injection pipelines, atmospheric precipitation recharge units, and water use units. The underground water reservoirs in the coal mines are connected to water supply pumping stations or water-using units via water supply pipelines to provide clean water to the water-using units; the underground water reservoirs in the coal mines are connected to the mine sewage treatment plant via clean water drainage pipelines to discharge excess water to the mine sewage treatment plant; the underground water reservoirs in the coal mines are connected to each other via water supply pipelines to realize water allocation and emergency dispatch between the reservoirs. The drainage pumping station is connected to the mine wastewater treatment plant via a sewage drainage pipeline, and is used to discharge water with excessive water quality to the mine wastewater treatment plant for treatment; the drainage pumping station is also connected to a water injection pipeline, and is used to inject mine water into the coal mine underground water reservoir for storage. The atmospheric precipitation recharge unit is used to replenish the underground water reservoir of the coal mine with natural water. All operations of the emergency control mode are based on the emergency control topology network of the coal mine underground water reservoir.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, the emergency regulation topology network of underground reservoirs in coal mines can be specifically understood as: a complete physical network architecture for water body scheduling and emergency regulation, with multiple underground reservoirs as the core and interconnected with various pumping stations, pipelines, water supply or replenishment units, sewage treatment plants and other facilities.

[0070] A coal mine underground water reservoir can be understood as the core water storage unit of the network, responsible for the storage, regulation, and dispatch of mine water. Water supply pumping stations and pipelines can be understood as the main components used to transport clean water from the reservoir to the water-using units, ensuring water supply for production and daily life. Drainage pumping stations and clean water and sewage drainage pipelines can be understood as the main components used to discharge excess clean water and substandard sewage to sewage treatment plants, respectively.

[0071] The water injection pipeline can be specifically understood as: a pipeline that reinjects treated water into the underground reservoir to achieve water storage and water resource recycling. The atmospheric precipitation recharge unit can be specifically understood as: a natural unit that provides natural water recharge to the underground reservoir.

[0072] A water-using unit can be specifically understood as: the water-using terminal for production, domestic use, etc., whether underground or on the surface, and is the object of water supply services. A mine wastewater treatment plant can be specifically understood as: the core facility that receives discharged wastewater and surplus clean water and treats it.

[0073] Specifically, the multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines is applicable to the emergency control topology network of underground water bodies in coal mines, which consists of underground water reservoirs, water supply pumping stations, drainage pumping stations, water supply pipelines, clean water drainage pipelines, sewage drainage pipelines, water injection pipelines, atmospheric precipitation recharge units, and water use units. Each underground reservoir is connected to the water supply pumping station, water use units, and other reservoirs through water supply pipelines to achieve clean water supply, water volume allocation between reservoirs, and emergency dispatch. Excess water is discharged to the mine shaft through the clean water drainage pipelines. Wastewater treatment plant; drainage pumping station discharges substandard water to wastewater treatment plant through sewage drainage pipelines, and reinjects qualified water into underground reservoir for storage through water injection pipelines; atmospheric precipitation recharge unit provides natural water supply to underground reservoir. All emergency control operations such as reducing water injection, increasing water supply, increasing drainage, and emergency pumping are carried out based on the facility connection relationship and flow path of this topological network. Relying on the coordinated linkage of each unit in the network, hierarchical and progressive emergency control is achieved to ensure the safety of underground reservoir water level and efficient use of water resources.

[0074] In a specific example, based on the physical connections and flow transmission paths of underground reservoirs, pumping stations, pipelines, water-using units, and replenishment units in the topological network, tiered emergency control operations such as reducing water injection, increasing water supply, increasing drainage, and emergency pumping are mapped to each water transmission link and functional unit of the network: For the reduced water injection mode triggered by a blue alert, the inflow of water into the reservoir is controlled by adjusting the reinjection flow of the water injection pipeline and drainage pumping station to gently reduce pressure; for the increased water supply mode triggered by a yellow alert, the supply of clean water to the water-using units is increased through the supply pipeline and supply pumping station to quickly deplete the reservoir's inventory; for the increased water supply mode triggered by an orange alert... In the drainage mode, excess water and water exceeding standards are discharged through clean water or sewage drainage pipelines and drainage pumping stations to forcefully reduce water levels. In the emergency pumping mode triggered by red alerts, extreme forced drainage is implemented by relying on emergency pumping stations and drainage pipelines within the network. At the same time, the water balance of the topology network, equipment flow limits, and pipeline transmission constraints are strictly followed in the model calculations of each mode. The generation, verification, and issuance of all control schemes are based on the actual architecture of the topology network. Through the coordinated linkage of various units within the network, a graded progressive emergency control from mild to strong is achieved, which not only ensures the safety of the underground reservoir water level but also realizes the efficient scheduling and recycling of water resources.

[0075] By deeply integrating the multi-reservoir collaborative emergency control method with the emergency control topology network of coal mine underground water reservoirs, and using the physical connections and flow transmission paths of various underground reservoirs, pumping stations, pipelines, water-using units, and replenishment units in the topology network as the hardware foundation, the hierarchical emergency control operations are fully mapped to each water transmission link and functional unit of the network. This not only relies on the water supply pipelines between reservoirs to realize cross-reservoir water allocation and emergency scheduling, improving the efficiency of multi-reservoir collaborative pressure reduction, but also achieves the classified treatment of surplus clean water and substandard sewage through the separate design of clean water and sewage drainage pipelines, ensuring water quality safety and water resource recycling. At the same time, the linkage between water injection pipelines and drainage pumping stations enables flexible switching between reinjection storage and external pressure reduction. Combined with the natural water input constraints of atmospheric precipitation replenishment units, all emergency control operations are carried out within the network physical boundaries and water balance rules, significantly improving the feasibility, synergy, and safety of the emergency control scheme, and providing complete and reliable system support for the whole-process water body management and emergency response to extreme conditions of coal mine underground water reservoirs.

[0076] Figure 3 This is a topology network diagram of an emergency water regulation system for underground reservoirs in coal mines, applicable to embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 3As shown, the emergency water regulation topology network diagram of the coal mine underground reservoir uses underground reservoirs No. 1 and No. 2 as the core water storage units. Different colored pipelines are used to achieve hierarchical control and coordinated scheduling of multi-source water flow: green water supply pipelines connect the underground reservoirs to the corresponding pressurized water supply pump stations No. 1 and No. 2, providing clean water to the underground water supply unit downwards and to the surface water supply unit upwards, while also enabling water volume exchange between the two reservoirs; purple drainage pipelines connect the drainage pump stations No. 1 and No. 2, collecting excess water and substandard sewage from the underground water supply unit and underground reservoirs. The central drainage pumping station ultimately delivers the wastewater to the mine wastewater treatment plant; orange water injection pipelines connect the drainage pumping station to the underground reservoir, returning the treated mine water to the reservoir for storage; blue arrows represent atmospheric precipitation recharge units, providing natural water replenishment to the two underground reservoirs; the entire topology network, through the coordinated linkage of four major links—water supply, drainage, water injection, and precipitation recharge—fully covers the entire process of water resource supply, wastewater treatment, reinjection and storage, and emergency dispatch, providing a clear physical architecture and flow path support for multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control.

[0077] The technical solution of this invention uses real-time water level monitoring data and a preset safe water level upper limit as a benchmark to determine the early warning level in stages. It automatically matches the initial emergency control mode according to a preset set of control intensity increasing progressively. Then, it combines the operation of the control facilities and water level and volume monitoring data to call the corresponding model for simulation calculation. Using predicted water level and expected control duration as dual judgment criteria, modes that do not meet safety and timeliness requirements are upgraded step by step according to intensity until the highest level emergency pumping mode is reached, triggering the highest level alarm and executing the plan according to the maximum drainage capacity. Plans that meet the requirements are directly issued for execution. Under multiple constraints, this achieves a gradual improvement from weak to strong control. The advanced, tiered emergency control system can precisely match the control intensity according to the water level situation, avoiding water waste and equipment damage caused by excessive control. It can also ensure safe handling under extreme high water level conditions through a step-by-step escalation mechanism. At the same time, the dual verification of predicted water level and control duration ensures the effectiveness and timeliness of the control plan. This significantly improves the scientific, accurate and reliable nature of multi-reservoir collaborative emergency control, providing full-process, tiered intelligent management and control support for the safe and stable operation of coal mine underground reservoirs. It solves the problems of insufficient emergency coordination capabilities and delayed control response of coal mine underground reservoirs, and achieves a balance between safety and economy.

[0078] Example 2 Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control device for underground water reservoirs in coal mines, provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the device includes: a level determination module 410, a matching mode module 420, a model simulation module 430, a control judgment module 440, a mode judgment module 450, a mode upgrade module 460, a maximum alarm module 470, and a scheme distribution module 480, wherein: The level determination module 410 collects real-time monitoring data of the water level in the underground water reservoir of the coal mine, and compares the real-time monitoring data with a preset upper limit threshold for safe water level to determine the water level warning level; wherein, the upper limit threshold for safe water level is preset according to the management requirements of the underground water reservoir of the coal mine. The matching mode module 420 automatically matches an emergency control mode from a preset set of emergency control modes based on the water level warning level; wherein, the set of emergency control modes includes a reduced water injection mode, an increased water supply mode, an increased drainage mode, and an emergency pumping mode, ordered in ascending order of emergency control intensity. The model simulation module 430, by acquiring real-time operation data and real-time monitoring data of water level and volume of the coal mine underground water reservoir control facilities, calls the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode to perform simulation calculations, generates an emergency control plan, and obtains the predicted water level and expected control duration of the coal mine underground water reservoir. The control judgment module 440 determines whether the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit threshold of the safe water level and whether the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit. The mode determination module 450 determines whether the current mode is the emergency pumping mode if the predicted water level is higher than or equal to the upper limit threshold of the safe water level or the expected control duration is greater than or equal to the preset emergency response time limit. The mode upgrade module 460, if the current mode is not the emergency pumping mode, upgrades the emergency control mode to the next level based on the emergency control mode set sorted in ascending order of emergency control intensity, and returns to execute the operation of calling the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode for simulation calculation; The highest alarm module 470, if the current mode is the emergency pumping mode, will trigger the highest level alarm signal and send the control plan to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system according to the maximum drainage capacity of the current mode. The scheme distribution module 480, if the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit threshold of the safe water level and the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit, will distribute the emergency control scheme that meets the requirements to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system.

[0079] The technical solution of this invention uses real-time water level monitoring data and a preset safe water level upper limit as a benchmark to determine the early warning level in stages. It automatically matches the initial emergency control mode according to a preset set of control intensity increasing progressively. Then, it combines the operation of the control facilities and water level and volume monitoring data to call the corresponding model for simulation calculation. Using predicted water level and expected control duration as dual judgment criteria, modes that do not meet safety and timeliness requirements are upgraded step by step according to intensity until the highest level emergency pumping mode is reached, triggering the highest level alarm and executing the plan according to the maximum drainage capacity. Plans that meet the requirements are directly issued for execution. Under multiple constraints, this achieves a gradual improvement from weak to strong control. The advanced, tiered emergency control system can precisely match the control intensity according to the water level situation, avoiding water waste and equipment damage caused by excessive control. It can also ensure safe handling under extreme high water level conditions through a step-by-step escalation mechanism. At the same time, the dual verification of predicted water level and control duration ensures the effectiveness and timeliness of the control plan. This significantly improves the scientific, accurate and reliable nature of multi-reservoir collaborative emergency control, providing full-process, tiered intelligent management and control support for the safe and stable operation of coal mine underground reservoirs. It solves the problems of insufficient emergency coordination capabilities and delayed control response of coal mine underground reservoirs, and achieves a balance between safety and economy.

[0080] Based on the above embodiments, the emergency control model corresponding to the reduced water injection mode includes a first reduction objective function, a second reduction objective function, and reduction constraints; wherein, the first reduction objective function is: ; in, For the first reduction objective function, Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second objective function for reduction is: ; in, For the second reduction objective function, Let be the amount of water injected by the j-th pumping station into the i-th reservoir during the t-th time period. Let J be the design flow rate of the j-th water injection pump station, J be the number of pump stations, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground water reservoirs in the coal mine. The constraints to be reduced include water injection constraints, water supply constraints, drainage constraints, emergency pumping constraints, and reservoir water balance constraints.

[0081] Based on the above embodiments, an emergency control model corresponding to the water supply mode is added, including a first increased supply objective function, a second increased supply objective function, and increased supply constraints; wherein, the first increased supply objective function is: ; in, Provide the objective function for the first addition. Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second objective function for supply enhancement is: ; in, Provide the objective function for the second addition. Let be the water supply from the i-th reservoir to the j-th water user unit in the t-th time period. The maximum water demand of the j-th unit in the t-th time period, where T is the total number of control periods and N is the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine; The constraints on increased water supply include constraints on water injection volume, water supply volume, water discharge volume, emergency pumping volume, and reservoir water balance.

[0082] Based on the above embodiments, an emergency control model corresponding to the drainage mode is added, including a first emission increase objective function, a second emission increase objective function, and emission increase constraints; wherein, the first emission increase objective function is: ; in, Let the first objective function be the row increase function. Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second objective function for increasing the number of animals is: ; in, The second objective function for increasing the number of rows is... Let be the discharge volume of the i-th reservoir to the j-th drainage unit in the t-th time period. Let T be the maximum drainage volume of the j-th drainage unit in the t-th time period, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. The constraints on increased discharge include constraints on water injection volume, water supply volume, water discharge volume, emergency pumping volume, and reservoir water balance.

[0083] Based on the above embodiments, the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency pumping mode includes a first emergency objective function, a second emergency objective function, and emergency constraints; wherein, the first emergency objective function is: ; in, The first emergency objective function is... Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second emergency objective function is: ; in, The second emergency objective function is... Let be the pumping volume of the i-th reservoir at the j-th emergency pumping station during the t-th time period. Let T be the maximum pumping capacity of the j-th emergency pumping station in the t-th time period, T be the total number of control time periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Emergency constraints include water injection constraints, water supply constraints, drainage constraints, emergency pumping constraints, and reservoir water balance constraints.

[0084] Based on the above embodiments, the multi-reservoir collaborative emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines is applicable to the emergency control topology network of underground water bodies in coal mines. The emergency regulation topology network for underground water bodies in coal mines includes: underground water reservoirs in coal mines, water supply pump stations, drainage pump stations, water supply pipelines, clean water drainage pipelines, sewage drainage pipelines, water injection pipelines, atmospheric precipitation recharge units, and water use units. The underground water reservoirs in the coal mines are connected to water supply pumping stations or water-using units via water supply pipelines to provide clean water to the water-using units; the underground water reservoirs in the coal mines are connected to the mine sewage treatment plant via clean water drainage pipelines to discharge excess water to the mine sewage treatment plant; the underground water reservoirs in the coal mines are connected to each other via water supply pipelines to realize water allocation and emergency dispatch between the reservoirs. The drainage pumping station is connected to the mine wastewater treatment plant via a sewage drainage pipeline, and is used to discharge water with excessive water quality to the mine wastewater treatment plant for treatment; the drainage pumping station is also connected to a water injection pipeline, and is used to inject mine water into the coal mine underground water reservoir for storage. The atmospheric precipitation recharge unit is used to replenish the underground water reservoir of the coal mine with natural water. All operations of the emergency control mode are based on the emergency control topology network of the coal mine underground water reservoir.

[0085] The multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control device for underground coal mine water reservoirs provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground coal mine water reservoirs provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method.

[0086] The collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, and disclosure of user personal information involved in the technical solution disclosed herein comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and do not violate public order and good morals.

[0087] Example 3 Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an electronic device 10, which can be used to implement embodiments of the present invention, is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0088] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12 or a random access memory (RAM) 13, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 12 or loaded from storage unit 18 into the RAM 13. The RAM 13 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0089] Multiple components in electronic device 10 are connected to I / O interface 15, including: input unit 16, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 18, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 19, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 19 allows electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0090] Processor 11 can be various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines, namely: Real-time monitoring data of the water level in the coal mine underground reservoir is collected. Based on this real-time monitoring data, a water level warning level is determined by comparing it with a preset safe water level upper limit threshold. The safe water level upper limit threshold is preset according to the management requirements of the coal mine underground reservoir. Based on the water level warning level, an emergency control mode is automatically matched from a preset set of emergency control modes. This set of emergency control modes includes, in ascending order of emergency control intensity, a reduced water injection mode, an increased water supply mode, an increased drainage mode, and an emergency pumping mode. Real-time operation data of the coal mine underground reservoir control facilities and real-time monitoring data of water level and volume are acquired. An emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode is called to perform simulation calculations, generating an emergency control plan to obtain the predicted water level and expected control duration of the coal mine underground reservoir. It is then determined whether the predicted water level is lower than the safe water level upper limit threshold and whether the expected control duration is shorter than the preset threshold. The system sets an emergency response time limit. If the predicted water level is higher than or equal to the upper limit of the safe water level or the expected control duration is greater than or equal to the preset emergency response time limit, it determines whether the current mode is the emergency pumping mode. If the current mode is not the emergency pumping mode, it upgrades the emergency control mode to the next level based on the emergency control mode set in ascending order of emergency control intensity, and returns to the operation of calling the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode for simulation calculation. If the current mode is the emergency pumping mode, it triggers the highest level alarm signal and issues a control plan to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system according to the maximum drainage capacity under the current mode. If the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit of the safe water level and the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit, it issues an emergency control plan that meets the requirements to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system.

[0091] In some embodiments, the method for regulating a coal mine underground reservoir can be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 10 via ROM 12 and / or communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the method for regulating a coal mine underground reservoir described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 11 can be configured to perform the method for regulating a coal mine underground reservoir by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0092] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0093] Computer programs used to implement the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0094] In the context of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0095] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0096] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or middleware components (e.g., application servers), or frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0097] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system to address the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0098] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0099] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control of underground water reservoirs in coal mines, characterized in that, The method, applicable to a distributed coal mine underground water reservoir system comprising an underground reservoir, a water supply pumping station, a drainage pumping station, water injection pipelines, clean water drainage pipelines, sewage drainage pipelines, underground water use units, surface water use units, and an emergency pumping station, includes: Real-time monitoring data of water level in underground reservoirs of coal mines is collected, and the water level warning level is determined by comparing the real-time monitoring data with a preset safe water level upper limit threshold; wherein, the safe water level upper limit threshold is preset according to the management requirements of underground reservoirs of coal mines. Based on the water level warning level, an emergency control mode is automatically matched from a preset set of emergency control modes; wherein, the set of emergency control modes includes, in ascending order of emergency control intensity, a reduced water injection mode, an increased water supply mode, an increased drainage mode, and an emergency pumping mode; The system acquires real-time operational data and real-time monitoring data of water level and volume of the underground water reservoir in the coal mine, calls the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode to perform simulation calculations, generates an emergency control plan, and obtains the predicted water level and expected control duration of the underground water reservoir in the coal mine. Determine whether the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit threshold of the safe water level, and whether the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit; If the predicted water level is higher than or equal to the upper limit of the safe water level or the expected regulation duration is greater than or equal to the preset emergency response time limit, then it is determined whether the current mode is the emergency pumping mode. If the current mode is not the emergency pumping mode, then based on the emergency control mode set sorted in ascending order of emergency control intensity, the emergency control mode is upgraded to the next level, and the operation of calling the emergency control model corresponding to the emergency control mode for simulation calculation is returned. If the current mode is the emergency pumping mode, the highest level alarm signal will be triggered, and the control plan will be sent to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system according to the maximum drainage capacity of the current mode. If the predicted water level is lower than the upper limit of the safe water level threshold, and the expected control duration is shorter than the preset emergency response time limit, then the emergency control plan that meets the requirements will be sent to the control execution terminal of the coal mine underground water reservoir system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergency control model corresponding to the reduced water injection mode includes a first reduction objective function, a second reduction objective function, and reduction constraints; wherein, the first reduction objective function is: ； in, For the first reduction objective function, Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second objective function for reduction is: ; in, For the second reduction objective function, Let be the amount of water injected by the j-th pumping station into the i-th reservoir during the t-th time period. Let J be the design flow rate of the j-th water injection pump station, J be the number of pump stations, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground water reservoirs in the coal mine. The constraints to be reduced include water injection constraints, water supply constraints, drainage constraints, emergency pumping constraints, and reservoir water balance constraints.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergency control model corresponding to the increased water supply mode includes a first increased supply objective function, a second increased supply objective function, and increased supply constraints; wherein, the first increased supply objective function is: ； in, Provide the objective function for the first addition. Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second objective function for supply enhancement is: ； in, Provide the objective function for the second addition. Let be the water supply from the i-th reservoir to the j-th water user unit in the t-th time period. The maximum water demand of the j-th unit in the t-th time period, where T is the total number of control periods and N is the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine; The constraints on increased water supply include constraints on water injection volume, water supply volume, water discharge volume, emergency pumping volume, and reservoir water balance.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergency control model corresponding to the increased drainage mode includes a first increased drainage objective function, a second increased drainage objective function, and increased drainage constraints; wherein, the first increased drainage objective function is: ； in, Let the first objective function be the row increase function. Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second objective function for increasing the number of animals is: ； in, The second objective function for increasing the number of rows is... Let be the discharge volume of the i-th reservoir to the j-th drainage unit in the t-th time period. Let T be the maximum drainage volume of the j-th drainage unit in the t-th time period, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. The constraints on increased discharge include constraints on water injection volume, water supply volume, water discharge volume, emergency pumping volume, and reservoir water balance.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergency control model corresponding to the emergency pumping mode includes a first emergency objective function, a second emergency objective function, and emergency constraints; wherein, the first emergency objective function is: ； in, The first emergency objective function is... Let be the water level of the i-th underground reservoir in the t-th time period. Let T be the upper limit threshold of the safe water level of the i-th underground reservoir, T be the total number of control periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Let it be the penalty function; The second emergency objective function is: ； in, The second emergency objective function is... Let be the pumping volume of the i-th reservoir at the j-th emergency pumping station during the t-th time period. Let T be the maximum pumping capacity of the j-th emergency pumping station in the t-th time period, T be the total number of control time periods, and N be the number of underground reservoirs in the coal mine. Emergency constraints include water injection constraints, water supply constraints, drainage constraints, emergency pumping constraints, and reservoir water balance constraints.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-reservoir collaborative emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines is applicable to the emergency control topology network of underground water bodies in coal mines. The emergency regulation topology network for underground water bodies in coal mines includes: underground water reservoirs in coal mines, water supply pump stations, drainage pump stations, water supply pipelines, clean water drainage pipelines, sewage drainage pipelines, water injection pipelines, atmospheric precipitation recharge units, and water use units. The underground water reservoirs in the coal mines are connected to water supply pumping stations or water-using units via water supply pipelines to provide clean water to the water-using units; the underground water reservoirs in the coal mines are connected to the mine sewage treatment plant via clean water drainage pipelines to discharge excess water to the mine sewage treatment plant; the underground water reservoirs in the coal mines are connected to each other via water supply pipelines to realize water allocation and emergency dispatch between the reservoirs. The drainage pumping station is connected to the mine wastewater treatment plant via a sewage drainage pipeline, and is used to discharge water with excessive water quality to the mine wastewater treatment plant for treatment; the drainage pumping station is also connected to a water injection pipeline, and is used to inject mine water into the coal mine underground water reservoir for storage. The atmospheric precipitation recharge unit is used to replenish the underground water reservoir of the coal mine with natural water. All operations of the emergency control mode are based on the emergency control topology network of the coal mine underground water reservoir.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that are used to cause a processor to execute the multi-reservoir coordinated emergency control method for underground water reservoirs in coal mines as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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