Polluted landscape water treatment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a polluted landscape water body treatment device, including coupling type microbial fuel cell and external circuit, coupling type microbial fuel cell includes cell cathode, fixed ring, gasbag, cell anode, PVC flexible pipe, proton exchange membrane, PVC flexible pipe is filled with electrolyte, the cell anode is planted with submerged plant, the proton exchange membrane is planted on the PVC flexible pipe. And the external circuit comprises a light-emitting circuit, a resistance circuit and a heating circuit which are connected in parallel between the battery cathode and the battery anode. Electric energy generated by the microbial fuel cell is used for providing power for photocatalytic oxidation, magnetic flocculation recovery and water body temperature rise in the treatment process, no external power source is arranged, the water body treatment capacity is greatly improved, meanwhile, the later operation and maintenance cost is reduced, aquatic plant and microbial treatment is introduced into the system, and the water body treatment efficiency is improved. A mutual promotion effect can be achieved with the microbial fuel cell, so that the power generation capacity of the cell and the processing capacity of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of landscape water body management, in particular to a polluted landscape water body management device. Background Art

[0002] Landscape water bodies are one of the urban landscapes that are most closely related to people's daily lives. However, most landscape water bodies have relatively simple structures and functions, weak self-regulation ability of the ecosystem, poor ability to resist external interference, and problems such as small water area and weak water circulation. These problems are more prominent in small and medium-sized landscape water bodies. Therefore, landscape water bodies often need to be actively managed. If they are not managed well, it is easy to cause eutrophication and black and smelly phenomena in the water bodies.

[0003] Biological methods are the most commonly used methods for water restoration because of their low cost and long duration of action. However, they are greatly affected by external temperature and take a long time to process. For small and medium-sized water bodies that are severely polluted, the use of a single biological restoration method obviously cannot achieve a good restoration effect. The introduction of chemical and physical methods often causes secondary pollution to water bodies. Therefore, how to organically combine multiple methods to improve treatment efficiency while maintaining the water quality of small landscape water bodies after treatment is the key to solving this problem. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the problem of water quality deterioration caused by weak self-purification ability and susceptibility to pollution in small and medium-sized landscape water bodies, the utility model proposes a polluted landscape water treatment device, which uses a coupled microbial fuel cell to efficiently treat and maintain water quality for a long time.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a polluted landscape water treatment device, comprising a coupled microbial fuel cell arranged in a water body and an external circuit connected in parallel with the coupled microbial fuel cell, the coupled microbial fuel cell comprising a battery cathode, air bags arranged on both sides of the battery cathode, fixing rings arranged on four corners of the battery cathode, a battery anode arranged under a silt layer, a plurality of PVC hoses connecting the battery cathode and the battery anode, and a proton exchange membrane arranged at the connection between the PVC hose and the battery anode, the PVC hose is filled with an electrolyte, a biological rope or carbon fiber artificial water grass is arranged on the outside of the PVC hose, submerged plants are planted on the battery anode, the external circuit comprises a light-emitting circuit, a resistance circuit and a heating circuit connected in parallel between the battery cathode and the battery anode, the light-emitting circuit comprises an LED lamp arranged in the water body and an electromagnet connected in series, the resistance circuit comprises a photocatalyst fixed on the outside of a wire and an external resistor connected in series, and the heating circuit comprises a heating resistor connected in series between the PVC hoses.

[0006] Preferably, the battery cathode is a box made of silver oxide material with a hole on the top. A rubber plug is provided in the hole, and the box is filled with electrolyte.

[0007] Preferably, the battery anode is a graphite felt with a built-in mesh metal plate, the mesh metal plate is connected to a PVC hose, and multiple groups of stainless steel wires are welded on both sides of the mesh metal plate and inserted into the graphite felt.

[0008] Preferably, the electrolyte is a mixture of 0.4 mol / L NaCl and 0.2 mol / L K3[Fe(CN)6] in a volume ratio of 3:2.

[0009] Preferably, the battery cathode is a box, the length*width*height of the box is 50cm*50cm*10cm, the thickness of the box is 0.5-1cm, and fixing rings are provided on the four corners; the length*width*thickness of the battery anode is 50cm*50cm*5cm, buried 5-10cm below the silt layer; the diameter of the PVC hose is 10cm.

[0010] Preferably, the battery cathodes are connected to each other via fixing rings and steel wire ropes at four corners to form a module, and the plastic rod passes through the outermost fixing ring of the module and is inserted into the bottom mud for fixation.

[0011] Preferably, the submerged plants are one or more of Hydrilla, Vallisneria, and Elodea.

[0012] Preferably, the electromagnet is composed of a wire of an LED lamp, a "J"-shaped iron core and a square iron plate. The LED lamp uses copper as a wire, which is spirally wound around the "J"-shaped iron core. The two ends of the "J"-shaped iron core are evenly divided into four parts, and the "J"-shaped iron core is connected to the square iron plate with a missing corner by a bolt structure.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, the advantages of the utility model are:

[0014] The utility model transforms the traditional sediment fuel cell, adds electrolyte mass transfer structure at the anode and cathode to reduce the internal resistance of the battery, and transforms the battery cathode into a silver oxide cavity structure to increase the electrode area, solving the problem of low power generation efficiency of sediment microbial fuel cells. The external circuit is transformed into an electromagnetic structure to collect and process the flocculant added in the early stage, solving the problem of flocculants being difficult to recycle in natural water bodies.

[0015] Secondly, a photocatalyst is fixed on the outside of the wire of the heating resistor and connected in parallel to an LED lamp to supplement the light source for submerged plants and promote the photocatalytic oxidation reaction. In addition, artificial water plants are set on the electrolyte tube to further degrade organic matter by forming a biofilm. A heating resistor is added to the external circuit to heat the water to a certain extent, solving the problem of low microbial activity and weak water treatment capacity in winter.

[0016] The utility model improves the electricity generation performance by transforming the sediment microbial fuel cell, and fully utilizes the electricity generated by the microbial fuel cell to provide power for photocatalytic oxidation, magnetic flocculation recovery and water body heating in the treatment process, without external power supply, greatly improving the water body treatment capacity while reducing the later operation and maintenance costs. In addition, the introduction of aquatic plants and microbial treatment into the system can promote each other with the microbial fuel cell, so that the battery power generation capacity and the system processing capacity are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device for treating polluted landscape water bodies;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the polluted landscape water treatment device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the utility model is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] The utility model provides a polluted landscape water treatment device, which is aimed at treating small and medium-sized landscape water bodies that are severely polluted and have a water flow rate of less than 0.02m / s and a water depth of about 1.5 to 2.5m. The device transforms the sediment microbial fuel cell, adds a metal plate to the anode, plants submerged plants, designs the cathode into a silver oxide cavity, and adds an electrolyte mass transfer structure between the anode and the cathode to improve the battery's power generation performance. LED lights are installed in the external circuit and photocatalysts are added to solve the problem that photocatalytic reactions are difficult to carry out in polluted water bodies with low visibility. At the same time, light is supplemented for submerged plants, and electromagnetic structures are added to achieve flocculant recovery. A heating resistor is added to the external circuit resistor to increase the water temperature. During the implementation of the utility model, the battery system is controlled in combination with water quality and temperature conditions to achieve efficient treatment of the water body.

[0022] like Figure 1As shown, the polluted landscape water treatment device includes a coupled microbial fuel cell arranged in the water body and an external circuit connected in parallel with the coupled microbial fuel cell. The coupled microbial fuel cell includes a battery cathode 1, air bags 2 arranged on both sides of the battery cathode 1, fixed rings 16 arranged at the four corners of the cathode 1, a battery anode 8 arranged under the silt layer 7, a plurality of PVC hoses 5 connecting the battery cathode 1 and the battery anode 8, and a proton exchange membrane 10 arranged at the connection between the PVC hose 5 and the battery anode 8. The PVC hose 5 is filled with electrolyte, and biological ropes or carbon fiber artificial water plants 3 are arranged on the outside of the PVC hose 5. Submerged plants 6 are planted on the battery anode 8. The external circuit includes a light-emitting circuit, a resistance circuit and a heating circuit connected in parallel between the battery cathode 1 and the battery anode 8. The light-emitting circuit includes an LED lamp 12 arranged in the water body and an electromagnet 11 connected in series. The resistance circuit includes a photocatalyst 13 fixed on the outside of the wire and an external resistor 14 connected in series. The heating circuit includes a heating resistor 4 connected in series between the PVC hoses 5.

[0023] Silver oxide is selected as the battery cathode 1, a hole is opened on the top, and a rubber plug is installed to form a box with a length, width and height of 50cm*50cm*10cm. The box thickness is 0.5-1cm, and the electrolyte is filled inside to increase the cathode area and improve the proton exchange efficiency. The airbags 2 are fixed on both sides of the cathode to float above the water surface. The cathode is connected to each other through the fixing rings 16 and the wire rope 17 on the four corners, and the plastic rod 18 is passed through the fixing rings 16 on the four outermost corners, inserted into the bottom mud, and fixed to the module.

[0024] Using silver oxide as the battery cathode can increase the battery's energy conversion efficiency to more than 30%. Because the silver oxide on the cathode will be reduced to silver after receiving electrons, when the silver oxide is converted into silver, it can be re-oxidized to silver oxide for recycling, thus realizing the reuse of the electrode. Transforming the traditional solid electrode into a cavity greatly increases the contact area between the electrolyte and the electrode, and accelerates the exchange rate of electrons. Fixing the module with a plastic rod through the fixing hole can not only solve the problem of module drift, but also enable it to float up and down with the water level.

[0025] A graphite felt is used as the battery anode 8, which has a length*width*thickness of 50cm*50cm*5cm, and a mesh metal plate 9 is built in, buried 5 to 10cm below the silt layer 7. The mesh metal plate 9 is connected to the PVC hose 5 using stainless steel, and multiple groups of stainless steel wires are welded on both sides of the mesh metal plate 9 and inserted into the graphite felt to enhance conductivity. Adding a metal plate to the graphite felt can increase the contact area with the electricity-generating microorganisms by using the porous structure of the graphite felt, while also improving the conductivity of the electrode and reducing the internal resistance of the battery.

[0026] Preferably, the battery cathode 1 and the battery anode 8 are connected by four PVC hoses 5, the PVC hose 5 has a diameter of 10 cm and is filled with an electrolyte. Preferably, the electrolyte is a mixture of 0.4 mol / L NaCl and 0.2 mol / L K3[Fe(CN)6] in a volume ratio of 3:2. A proton exchange membrane 10 is used to isolate the positive and negative electrodes at the interface with the anode.

[0027] Establishing a mass transfer channel filled with electrolyte between the cathode and cathode solves the problem of low salt content and slow electron transfer rate in fresh water. Using soft PVC pipe as a channel carrier can ensure that the electrode spacing changes according to the floating water level, so that the cathode is always above the water surface and exposed to sufficient oxygen.

[0028] The external circuit is divided into three parts: a resistance circuit, a light-emitting circuit and a heating circuit, which are connected in parallel with the coupled microbial fuel cell.

[0029] A low-power LED lamp 12 is installed on the light-emitting circuit, and the installation position is selected as much as possible in the middle and lower layers of the water body to solve the problem that natural light cannot penetrate in deep water areas. Copper is selected as the conductor and spirally wound on the "J"-shaped iron core 15. The two ends of the "J"-shaped iron core 15 are evenly divided into 4 parts (2 parts at each end), and the square iron plates with missing corners are connected by bolt structures. The side length of each iron plate is about 30 cm, and the side length of the square of the missing corner part is about 14 cm. The four iron plates are connected to each other to form an electromagnet 11. A nylon rope is tied in the middle of the iron core to facilitate the salvage of the electromagnet 11.

[0030] A photocatalyst 13 is fixed outside the resistance circuit wire to cooperate with the LED lamp 12 to treat the refractory organic matter. The photocatalyst 13 is a graphite phase carbonized nitrogen that is environmentally friendly and can play a photocatalytic role only under ordinary visible light. A heating resistor 4 is connected to the heating circuit and placed in the center of the four PVC hoses 5 to heat the water when the water temperature is low.

[0031] By installing an external resistor to increase the voltage of the external circuit, a photocatalyst is fixed on the wire to provide a basis for the photocatalytic reaction. An LED lamp is installed on the light-emitting circuit in parallel with the external resistor, and its wire is spirally wound around the iron core to form an electromagnet, using the electricity generated by the microbial fuel cell to provide power for photocatalytic oxidation and flocculant recovery.

[0032] Connect the heating resistor in parallel with the resistance circuit and the light-emitting circuit, and install a single control. According to the water temperature requirements, the resistor is heated by controlling the switch. When the water temperature is too low in winter (<5℃), the heating circuit is started separately to maximize the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy, increase the water temperature, and avoid low-temperature death of microorganisms.

[0033] Further, submerged plants 6 are planted on the battery anode 8, and the plant species can be selected from one or more of black algae, Vallisneria, Elodea, etc. according to the climatic conditions. Biological ropes or carbon fiber artificial water plants 3 are arranged outside the PVC hose 5.

[0034] The utility model improves the electricity generation performance by transforming the sediment microbial fuel cell, and fully utilizes the electricity generated by the microbial fuel cell to provide power for photocatalytic oxidation, magnetic flocculation recovery and water body heating in the treatment process, without external power supply, greatly improving the water body treatment capacity while reducing the later operation and maintenance costs. In addition, the introduction of aquatic plants and microbial treatment into the system can promote each other with the microbial fuel cell, so that the battery power generation capacity and the system processing capacity are improved.

[0035] Furthermore, the polluted landscape water treatment device of the utility model can be implemented and operated according to the following steps:

[0036] A. Construct a polluted landscape water treatment device, combine the coupled microbial fuel cells, connect the battery cathode 1 with a steel wire rope 17 through a fixing ring 16 to form a module, insert plastic rods 18 through the fixing ring 16 into the bottom mud at the four corners of the module to fix the module, take the battery cathode 1 as a reference, and determine the number of installations according to the water area or water surface width interval. The water surface coverage rate after installation in small water bodies is between 50% and 80%, and the installation coverage rate in medium-sized water bodies is 30% to 50%. The installation location is selected in an area with a water depth of 1.5m or more, and the electromagnet 11 is placed on the bottom mud below the gap of the battery cathode 1 to receive the flocs produced by magnetic flocculation.

[0037] Preferably, the plastic rod 18 passes through the outermost fixing ring 16 of the module and is inserted into the bottom mud for fixing, so as to obtain a better installation position of the electromagnet 11 .

[0038] B. Connect the external circuit, add flocculant, magnetic seed and coagulant in the gap of the battery cathode 1 in sequence, take out the electromagnet 11 from the water after the flocculation and precipitation is completed, remove the flocs adsorbed on the electromagnet 11 by turning off the switch, and recover the magnetic powder. This completes the preliminary removal of ammonia nitrogen and COD in the water and improves the transparency of the water body.

[0039] Preferably, the flocculant is PAC, with a dosage of 30-90 mg / L; the magnetic seed is ferrosoferric oxide, with a dosage of 80-250 mg / L; and the coagulant aid is PAM, with a dosage of 0.3-2 mg / L.

[0040] C. After the sedimentation is completed, the transparency of the water body will be improved. The LED lamp 12 is kept on so that the light emitted can fully irradiate the photocatalyst 13 fixed with the ink phase carbonized nitrogen, promote the photocatalytic oxidation reaction, further remove the difficult-to-degrade organic matter in the water, and at the same time supplement the light for underwater plants to promote plant growth.

[0041] D. Perform daily maintenance. Since the pollutant content in the water body is high in the early stage, the artificial water plants arranged on the outside of the PVC hose can quickly form biofilms, which has a good treatment effect on the micro-polluted water body after flocculation, precipitation and catalytic oxidation. The submerged plants planted at the anode can also control the release of sediment phosphorus.

[0042] When the water body is black and smelly or eutrophic, the pollution is serious and the sediment microbial content is high, the battery produces a large amount of electricity, and a rubber gasket is added between the fixed ring and the wire rope to ensure insulation, and each battery circuit operates separately. When the water body is less polluted, the power generation is small, the gasket is removed, the cathodes are connected in series, and part of the external circuit is opened to ensure the output of current.

[0043] It should be noted that the above-mentioned method of controlling current is only a specific implementation method. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that when the battery output is large, other insulation methods can be used between the fixed ring and the wire rope to allow each battery circuit to operate independently; when the output is small, the battery cathodes are connected in series, and part of the external circuit is turned on to ensure the output of current.

[0044] When the water temperature is lower than 15℃, the heating circuit is automatically connected through the thermal sensor to ensure that the microorganisms attached to the artificial water plants have strong activity. When the temperature is lower than 5℃, the light-emitting circuit and the external resistance circuit are automatically cut off, so that the heating circuit operates alone, and the temperature of the nearby water rises rapidly to prevent the death of the microorganisms attached to the artificial water plants.

[0045] The utility model adopts flocculation and sedimentation in the early stage of serious water pollution, which can improve water quality in a short time, enhance the sense of landscape water, and provide basic conditions for photocatalytic oxidation. The flocs are collected by the pre-arranged electromagnet structure, which solves the problem of secondary pollution in natural water bodies caused by the difficulty of floc collection.

[0046] After sedimentation is completed, the visibility of the water body is improved, but the content of dissolved organic matter in the water is still high. At this time, under the irradiation of LED lights, catalytic oxidation reactions can occur rapidly near the fixed photocatalyst, and the organic matter in the water is effectively degraded.

[0047] After precipitation and oxidation, the organic matter content in the water drops significantly. The artificial water plants arranged in the PVC hose can treat the micro-water body for a long time after the film is formed. At the same time, the submerged plants planted at the bottom can also organize the release of nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment, playing a role in maintaining the water quality for a long time. By changing the switch of the heating circuit, the heating power of the heating resistor can be controlled to meet the water temperature requirements of water treatment microorganisms under different temperature conditions.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the utility model can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A polluted landscape water treatment device, characterized by: The invention comprises a coupled microbial fuel cell arranged in a water body and an external circuit connected in parallel with the coupled microbial fuel cell, wherein the coupled microbial fuel cell comprises a battery cathode (1), air bags (2) arranged on both sides of the battery cathode (1), fixing rings (16) arranged at four corners of the battery cathode (1), a battery anode (8) arranged under a sludge layer (7), a plurality of PVC hoses (5) connecting the battery cathode (1) and the battery anode (8), and a proton exchange membrane (10) arranged at the connection between the PVC hose (5) and the battery anode (8), wherein the PVC hose (5) is filled with an electrolyte. The PVC hose (5) is provided with biological ropes or carbon fiber artificial water plants (3) on the outside, and submerged plants (6) are planted on the battery anode (8). The external circuit includes a light-emitting circuit, a resistance circuit and a heating circuit connected in parallel between the battery cathode (1) and the battery anode (8). The light-emitting circuit includes an LED lamp (12) arranged in the water body and an electromagnet (11) connected in series. The resistance circuit includes a photocatalyst (13) fixed on the outside of the wire and an external resistor (14) connected in series. The heating circuit includes a heating resistor (4) connected in series between the PVC hoses (5).

2. The polluted landscape water treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The battery cathode (1) is a box made of silver oxide material with a hole on the top. A rubber plug is provided in the hole, and the box is filled with electrolyte.

3. The polluted landscape water treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The battery anode (8) is a graphite felt with a built-in mesh metal plate (9), the mesh metal plate is connected to a PVC hose (5), and multiple groups of stainless steel wires are welded on both sides of the mesh metal plate (9) and inserted into the graphite felt.

4. The polluted landscape water treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The battery cathode (1) is a box, the length*width*height dimensions of the box are 50cm*50cm*10cm, the thickness of the box is 0.5-1cm, and the fixing ring (16) is arranged on the four corners of the box; the length*width*thickness of the battery anode (8) is 50cm*50cm*5cm, and it is buried 5-10cm below the silt layer (7); the diameter of the PVC hose (5) is 10cm.

5. The polluted landscape water treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The battery cathode (1) is connected to each other through fixing rings (16) and steel wire ropes (17) at the four corners, and is fixed by inserting a plastic rod (18) through the outermost fixing ring (16) into the bottom mud.

6. The polluted landscape water treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The electromagnet (11) is composed of a conductor of an LED lamp, a "J"-shaped iron core (15) and a square iron plate. The LED lamp (12) uses copper as a conductor and is wound around the "J"-shaped iron core (15) in a spiral manner. The two ends of the "J"-shaped iron core (15) are evenly divided into four parts. The "J"-shaped iron core (15) is connected to the square iron plate with a missing corner through a bolt structure.

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