Photo-thermal control system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photo-thermal control system, which relates to the technical field of solar photo-thermal, and comprises a heat absorber and a mirror field, the outer surface of the heat absorber is divided into a plurality of temperature areas, the mirror field comprises a plurality of acquisition areas in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of temperature areas, the plurality of acquisition areas are arranged around the heat absorber, and the temperature areas of the plurality of acquisition areas are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of temperature areas. The acquisition area comprises a plurality of heliostats; when the temperature of the temperature area exceeds a threshold value, the orientation of the mirror surface of the heliostat can be changed, and when the temperature of the temperature area exceeds the threshold value, the orientation of the mirror surface of the heliostat in the collection area corresponding to the temperature area rotates relative to the heat absorber, so that heat reflected to the heat absorber by the corresponding heliostat is reduced. The heat absorber has the advantages of being simple in structure and even in temperature distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solar thermal technology, in particular to a thermal control system. Background Art

[0002] The basic principle of solar thermal power generation is to control heliostats to reflect sunlight to the surface of the absorber located on top of a high tower. After the absorber absorbs the heat from the sunlight, it heats and melts the molten salt inside the absorber. The molten salt is then transported by a high-temperature pump to the power station at the bottom of the tower for high-temperature power generation.

[0003] This type of power generation requires a large number of heliostats, and the energy density on the absorber is very high. The concentration ratio is generally more than 1000 times. Due to the uneven focusing caused by the unpredictability of various errors in the system, the concentration ratio in some local areas is often much higher than expected. Excessive energy density can easily cause local overheating of the absorber, which can cause the heat transfer medium (mainly molten salt) in the absorber to decompose or deteriorate, or even cause the absorber to burn or explode, paralyzing the entire system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, the utility model provides a light-heat control system, which has the advantages of simple structure and uniform temperature distribution of the heat absorber.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A photothermal control system comprises a heat absorber and a mirror field, wherein the outer surface of the heat absorber is divided into a plurality of temperature zones, the mirror field comprises a plurality of collection zones corresponding to the plurality of temperature zones one by one, the plurality of collection zones are arranged around the heat absorber, and the collection zones comprise a plurality of heliostats; the mirror orientation of the heliostats can be changed, and when the temperature of the temperature zone exceeds a threshold value, the mirror orientation of the heliostats in the corresponding collection zones rotates relative to the heat absorber to reduce the amount of heat reflected from the corresponding heliostats to the heat absorber.

[0007] In the present application, the photothermal control system includes a heat absorber and a heliostat for reflecting sunlight. A plurality of heliostats are arranged around the heat absorber to form a mirror field so that the heat absorber can absorb sunlight in all directions. The outer surface of the heat absorber is divided into a plurality of temperature zones, and the mirror field is divided into a plurality of collection areas corresponding to the temperature zones one by one. The collection area can monitor the temperature of the temperature zone. When the temperature of a certain temperature zone is higher than the threshold, the heliostat in the corresponding collection area can be rotated relative to the heat absorber to adjust the distribution of the light spot on the heat absorber and reduce the energy density of the temperature zone, so as to avoid the heat absorber from overheating and burning, prolong the life of the heat absorber, and make the temperature of the heat absorber more uniform. It should be noted that the collection areas divided by the entire mirror field have a one-to-one correspondence with the temperature areas of the heat absorber, without omissions and one-to-many situations. The present application divides the mirror field and the surface of the heat absorber into regions and performs corresponding scheduling, which can maximize the uniform distribution of energy on the surface of the heat absorber and avoid local overheating of the surface of the heat absorber.

[0008] Optionally, at least one temperature measuring device is provided in each of the collection areas, and the temperature measuring device is provided in the middle of the collection area to collect the temperature of the corresponding temperature area.

[0009] The temperature measuring device is used to take thermal imaging images of the heat absorber. Each acquisition area is equipped with at least one temperature measuring device for monitoring the corresponding temperature area to feedback the temperature of each area of ​​the heat absorber to prevent local overheating of the heat absorber. The temperature measuring device is set in the middle of the acquisition area to more accurately capture the corresponding temperature area.

[0010] Optionally, the temperature measuring device includes a thermal imager.

[0011] Optionally, the photothermal control system further includes a controller for controlling the rotation of each of the heliostats, the temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is used to control the mirror orientation of the heliostat according to the temperature signal detected and obtained by each of the temperature measuring devices.

[0012] A controller capable of controlling the rotation of each heliostat is provided, and a temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the controller. The temperature measuring device feeds back the monitored temperature to the controller, thereby scheduling each heliostat.

[0013] Optionally, the plurality of temperature regions are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the absorber along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of collection regions corresponding one-to-one to the temperature regions are evenly distributed in the mirror field.

[0014] The outer surface of the absorber is evenly divided into multiple temperature zones, and the mirror field is also evenly divided into multiple collection areas corresponding to the temperature zones. Considering the limited monitoring range of the temperature measuring device, evenly dividing the outer surface of the absorber is more conducive to monitoring the temperature of each temperature zone of the absorber, and maximizing the uniform distribution of energy on the surface of the absorber.

[0015] Optionally, the heat absorber is divided into at least three temperature zones.

[0016] Dividing the surface of the heat sink into at least three temperature zones allows each part of the heat sink to be tested separately to prevent local overheating. If the number of divided zones is too small, the parts with excessively high temperatures may not be accurately detected, causing the heat sink to burn out.

[0017] Optionally, the temperature threshold of the temperature zone is 650°C.

[0018] By considering the structure of the heat absorber and the type, flow rate and direction of the heat transfer medium, the energy density that each area of ​​the heat absorber can withstand is calculated in advance, and the temperature threshold is determined to be 650°C.

[0019] Optionally, the collection area includes a plurality of heliostats arranged in a plurality of rows, and the number of the heliostats in each row gradually increases in a direction away from the heat absorber.

[0020] A plurality of heliostats constitute a heliostat array surrounding the heat absorber, and the plurality of heliostat arrays are concentrically arranged to jointly reflect heat energy to the heat absorber.

[0021] Optionally, the same row shape of different collection areas is constructed as one or more of a circle, a quadrilateral or a hexagon.

[0022] The shape of a heliostat array can be circular, quadrilateral, hexagonal, etc., as long as it is arranged around the absorber.

[0023] Optionally, mirror surfaces of the heliostats all face the heat absorber.

[0024] The heliostat mirror is set towards the heat absorber to efficiently reflect heat energy to the heat absorber. The angle of the heliostat needs to be adjusted according to the temperature of the heat absorber so that the light reflected by the heliostat to the heat absorber does not make the temperature too high or insufficient, but the heliostat is generally always facing the heat absorber.

[0025] Optionally, the heliostat is further provided with a laser transmitter and a receiver corresponding to the laser transmitter, the laser transmitter is used to transmit laser light to the mirror surface of the heliostat, and the receiver is used to receive the laser light reflected by the mirror surface to calibrate the heliostat.

[0026] The laser transmitter and receiver are both set on the heliostat to test whether the heliostat can reflect normally.

[0027] These features and advantages of the utility model will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and drawings. The best implementation or means of the utility model will be fully presented in conjunction with the drawings, but it is not a limitation of the technical solution of the utility model. In addition, these features, elements and components appearing in each of the following texts and drawings are multiple, and are marked with different symbols or numbers for convenience, but all represent components with the same or similar structure or function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heliostat array in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat absorber in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0032] Among them, 1. absorber; 11. temperature zone; 2. mirror field; 21. heliostat array; 211. heliostat; 22. collection area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments in the implementation manner are intended to be used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0034] References in this specification to "one embodiment" or "an example" or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment itself may be included in at least one embodiment of the present patent disclosure. The appearance of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0035] Example:

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a solar thermal control system, including a heat absorber 1 and a mirror field 2, wherein the outer surface of the heat absorber 1 is divided into a plurality of temperature zones 11, and the mirror field 2 includes a plurality of collection zones 22 corresponding to the plurality of temperature zones 11, and the plurality of collection zones 22 are arranged around the heat absorber 1, and the collection zones 22 include a plurality of heliostats 211; the mirror orientation of the heliostat 211 can be changed, and when the temperature of the temperature zone 11 exceeds a threshold value, the mirror orientation of the heliostat 211 in the corresponding collection zone 22 is rotated relative to the heat absorber 1 to reduce the heat reflected from the corresponding heliostat 211 to the heat absorber 1.

[0037] The photothermal control system in this embodiment includes a centrally located heat absorber 1 and a plurality of heliostats 211 arranged around the heat absorber 1. In other embodiments, the photothermal control system may also include a combination of a plurality of such heat absorbers 1 and heliostats 211. Figure 3 As shown, the outer surface of the heat absorber 1 is divided into a plurality of temperature zones 11, and the mirror field 2 is divided into a plurality of collection zones 22 for collecting the temperature of the temperature zones 11, and the temperature zones 11 and the collection zones 22 are in a one-to-one correspondence. When the temperature of a certain temperature zone 11 exceeds a threshold value, the heliostat 211 of the corresponding collection zone 22 rotates relative to the heat absorber 1 to adjust the distribution of the light spot on the heat absorber 1 and reduce the energy density of the temperature zone 11, so as to avoid the heat absorber 1 from overheating and burning, extend the life of the heat absorber 1, and make the temperature of the heat absorber 1 more uniform. There are various ways to realize the rotation of the heliostat 211, for example, the body of the heliostat 211 is mounted on a mirror frame, and the mirror frame is rotatably mounted on a rotating bracket, and the rotating bracket is rotatably mounted on a fixed base, and the rotating bracket and the mirror frame are driven to rotate by a power source such as a motor.

[0038] In other embodiments, the absorber 1 itself can also be configured to be rotatable relative to the heliostat 211. During scheduling, multi-objective optimization can be performed based on the specific temperature performance of the temperature zone 11 of the absorber 1 and the rotation speed of the absorber 1, so as to maximize the power generation efficiency while reducing the failure rate of the heliostat 211.

[0039] At least one temperature measuring device is disposed in each collection area 22, and the temperature measuring device is disposed in the middle of the collection area 22 to collect the temperature of the corresponding temperature area 11. The temperature measuring device includes a thermal imager.

[0040] In the present embodiment, at least one temperature measuring device is provided in the collection area 22, specifically, the temperature measuring device is a thermal imager. The thermal imager is used to capture the thermal imaging image of the heat absorber 1. In the present embodiment, each collection area 22 is provided with a thermal imager for monitoring the corresponding temperature area 11 to feedback the temperature of each area of ​​the heat absorber 1 to prevent local overheating of the heat absorber 1. The thermal imager is arranged in the middle of the collection area 22 to facilitate more accurate capture of the corresponding temperature area 11. Of course, the thermal imager can also be arranged at other positions in the collection area 22. It should be noted that, considering the limited scanning range of the thermal imager, the thermal imager should be arranged on the outside of the heliostat 211 closest to the heat absorber 1 to prevent the thermal imager from being unable to capture the upper part of the heat absorber 1 due to being too close to the heat absorber 1.

[0041] The solar thermal control system further includes a controller for controlling the rotation of each heliostat 211 . The temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the controller. The controller is used to control the mirror orientation of the heliostat 211 according to the temperature signal detected by each temperature measuring device.

[0042] A controller capable of controlling the rotation of each heliostat 211 is provided, and a temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the controller. The temperature measuring device feeds back the monitored temperature to the controller, thereby scheduling each heliostat 211 .

[0043] A plurality of temperature regions 11 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the heat absorber 1 along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of collection regions 22 corresponding one to one with the temperature regions 11 are evenly distributed in the mirror field 2 .

[0044] The outer surface of the heat absorber 1 is evenly divided into a plurality of temperature zones 11, and the mirror field 2 is also evenly divided into a plurality of collection areas 22 corresponding to the temperature zones 11. Considering the limited monitoring range of the thermal imager, evenly dividing the outer surface of the heat absorber 1 is more conducive to monitoring the temperature of each temperature zone 11 of the heat absorber 1, and maximally ensuring the uniform distribution of energy on the surface of the heat absorber 1. In this embodiment, the outer surface of the heat absorber 1 is evenly divided into six temperature zones 11, and the mirror field 2 is also evenly divided into six collection areas 22. In other embodiments, the number of temperature zones 11 may also be 3, 8, or 10, etc.

[0045] The heat absorber 1 is divided into at least three temperature zones 11 .

[0046] Dividing the surface of the heat absorber 1 into at least three temperature zones 11 allows each part of the heat absorber 1 to be detected separately to prevent local overheating. If the number of divided zones is too small, the part with too high temperature may not be accurately detected, resulting in the heat absorber 1 burning.

[0047] The temperature threshold of temperature zone 11 is 650°C.

[0048] By considering the structure of the heat absorber 1 and the factors of the type, flow rate and flow direction of the heat transfer medium, the energy density that each area of ​​the heat absorber 1 can withstand is calculated in advance, and the temperature threshold is determined to be 650°C.

[0049] The collection area 22 includes a plurality of heliostats 211 arranged in a plurality of rows, and the number of heliostats 211 in each row gradually increases in a direction away from the heat absorber 1 .

[0050] The same rows of different collection areas 22 constitute a heliostat array 21 surrounding the heat absorber 1, and multiple heliostat arrays 21 are concentrically arranged to jointly reflect heat energy to the heat absorber 1. In this embodiment, there are two heliostat arrays 21. Preferably, the heliostats 211 located in the inner circle can be mainly dispatched, which not only reduces the number of heliostats 211 dispatched, but also reduces the frequency and movement range of the heliostats 211, effectively avoiding the disturbance of the parameters of the heat absorber 1 caused by the change of the target point of the heliostat 211.

[0051] The same row shape of different collection areas 22 is configured as a circle, a quadrangle or a hexagon.

[0052] The same row of different collection areas 22 is a heliostat array 21. The shape of a heliostat array 21 can be circular, quadrilateral or hexagonal, etc., as long as it is arranged around the heat absorber 1. In this embodiment, the shape of the heliostat array 21 is hexagonal.

[0053] The mirror surfaces of the heliostats 211 all face the heat absorber 1 .

[0054] The heliostat 211 is arranged with its mirror surface facing the heat absorber 1 to efficiently reflect heat energy to the heat absorber 1. The angle of the heliostat 211 needs to be adjusted according to the temperature of the heat absorber 1 so that the light reflected by the heliostat 211 to the heat absorber 1 does not cause the surface temperature of the heat absorber to be too high or insufficient, but the heliostat 211 is generally always facing the heat absorber 1.

[0055] The heliostat 211 is also provided with a laser transmitter and a receiver corresponding to the laser transmitter. The laser transmitter is used to transmit laser light to the mirror surface of the heliostat 211 , and the receiver is used to receive the laser light reflected by the mirror surface to calibrate the heliostat 211 .

[0056] The laser transmitter and the receiver are both arranged on the heliostat 211 to test whether the heliostat 211 can reflect normally. The laser transmitter emits laser light, which is reflected by the heliostat 211 and then directed to the receiver, so as to accurately calibrate the heliostat 211.

[0057] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention includes but is not limited to the contents described in the drawings and the above specific embodiments. Any modification that does not deviate from the functional and structural principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photothermal control system, comprising a heat absorber (1) and a mirror field (2), characterized in that: The outer surface of the heat absorber (1) is divided into a plurality of temperature zones (11); the mirror field (2) comprises a plurality of collection zones (22) corresponding to the plurality of temperature zones (11) one by one; the plurality of collection zones (22) are arranged around the heat absorber (1); the collection zones (22) comprise a plurality of heliostats (211); the mirror surfaces of the heliostats (211) are changeable in orientation; when the temperature of the temperature zone (11) exceeds a threshold value, the mirror surfaces of the heliostats (211) in the corresponding collection zones (22) are rotated relative to the heat absorber (1) to reduce the amount of heat reflected from the corresponding heliostats (211) to the heat absorber (1).

2. The light-heat control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one temperature measuring device is provided in each of the collection areas (22), and the temperature measuring device is provided in the middle of the collection area (22) to collect the temperature of the corresponding temperature area (11).

3. The light-heat control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature measuring device comprises a thermal imager.

4. The light-heat control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photothermal control system further comprises a controller for controlling the rotation of each of the heliostats (211); the temperature measuring device is electrically connected to the controller; and the controller is used to control the mirror orientation of the heliostat (211) according to a temperature signal detected and obtained by each of the temperature measuring devices.

5. The photothermal control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The plurality of temperature regions (11) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer surface of the heat absorber (1), and the plurality of collection regions (22) corresponding one-to-one to the temperature regions (11) are evenly distributed on the mirror field (2).

6. The photothermal control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The heat absorber (1) is divided into at least three temperature zones (11).

7. The photothermal control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The collection area (22) comprises a plurality of heliostats (211) arranged in a plurality of rows, and the number of the heliostats (211) in each row gradually increases in a direction away from the heat absorber (1).

8. The light-heat control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The same row of different collecting areas (22) is configured in a circular, quadrilateral or hexagonal shape.

9. The photothermal control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The mirror surfaces of the heliostats (211) all face the heat absorber (1).

10. The photothermal control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The heliostat (211) is also provided with a laser transmitter and a receiver corresponding to the laser transmitter, the laser transmitter being used to transmit laser light to a mirror surface of the heliostat (211), and the receiver being used to receive laser light reflected by the mirror surface to calibrate the heliostat (211).

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