Carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit for carbon dioxide test equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit for carbon dioxide test equipment, and solves the technical problem of poor decarburization effect of an existing supersonic separator. The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation testing unit comprises a high-pressure gas storage tank, a mass flow meter, a heterogeneous particle adding device, a light-transmitting spray pipe and a low-pressure gas storage tank II which are connected in sequence, wherein the spray pipe is connected with a temperature measuring module, a pressure measuring module, a density measuring module and a humidity measuring module. The flue gas components pumped by the heterogeneous particle adding device, the inlet pressure, temperature and size of the spray pipe and the like are sequentially changed through a single variable method, and according to the data such as the pressure and temperature of the spray pipe, the position, size and growth of liquid drops and the like when the measured humidity is maximum, namely the condensation efficiency is highest, the condensation efficiency is highest. The pressure and the temperature of the supersonic nozzle and the length, the direction and the position of the working section are optimized, direct measurement of the condensation characteristic is achieved, application is simple, and the decarburization efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of supersonic decarbonization, in particular to a carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit used for carbon dioxide test equipment. Background Art

[0002] Supersonic separation technology is widely used in the field of decarbonization technology, such as decarbonization of combustion exhaust gas (flue gas) in power plants and dehydration and dehydrocarbon separation of natural gas. Supersonic separation technology can separate carbon dioxide from flue gas. Supersonic separators generally include six parts: cyclone, supersonic nozzle, working section, gas-liquid separator, diffuser and guide vanes. After the flue gas rotates through the cyclone, it generates a gas vortex with acceleration, and reduces pressure, temperature and speed in the supersonic nozzle. Due to the high steam speed, the pressure and temperature are reduced, and part of the carbon dioxide in the flue gas will undergo a phase change, condensing from gas to droplets. The droplets are thrown out under the action of centrifugal force and then separated through the working section. The remaining mixture flows out through the diffuser, thereby achieving the decarbonization effect. Because the flue gas contains a large amount of solid particles, and the concentration and diameter of the solid particles in the flue gas will affect the process of carbon dioxide condensation, so the solid particles in the flue gas will affect the decarbonization effect of the supersonic separator.

[0003] Therefore, a Chinese invention patent with an application publication date of 2019.09.13 and an application publication number of CN 110229715 A discloses an improved supersonic natural gas dehydration and dehydrocarbon separator, including a natural gas pipeline, a degassing box, a filter screen, a valve, a sewage pipeline, a connecting pipe, a condensing device, a first Rafael tube, a second Rafael tube, a third Rafael tube, a diffuser, a cyclone separator, a drain pipe, a drain main pipe, a hydrocarbon-water separator, a flow rate regulating plate, a first dry gas channel, a gas regulating valve, a second dry gas channel and a gas collecting device. The separator uses three sections of Rafael tubes to expand and cool the natural gas until the water and heavy hydrocarbons in the natural gas are condensed, and then uses a cyclone to centrifuge the condensed water and heavy hydrocarbons to the wall surface of the diffuser and remove them through the drain pipe. The solid impurity components in the natural gas are removed in advance through the degassing box to prevent blockage of the pipeline. The impurity removal box of the above separator can only filter large-diameter particles, but cannot completely remove solid impurities in natural gas. The remaining solid impurities will continue to affect the condensation in the Rafale tube, thereby affecting the dehydration and dehydrocarbon efficiency of natural gas. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the utility model proposes a carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit for carbon dioxide test equipment to solve the technical problem of poor decarbonization effect of the existing supersonic separator.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] A carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit for carbon dioxide test equipment comprises a high-pressure gas storage tank, a mass flow meter, a heterogeneous particle adding device, a light-transmitting nozzle and a low-pressure gas storage tank connected in sequence, wherein the nozzle is connected with a temperature measurement module, a pressure measurement module, a density measurement module and a humidity measurement module.

[0007] In the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit of the technical solution, carbon dioxide flows from the high-pressure gas tank to the low-pressure gas tank 2 due to the pressure difference, and the heterogeneous particle adding device sprays nanoparticles into the main pipeline to mix with carbon dioxide, and non-equilibrium condensation occurs in the nozzle. The humidity is calculated by measuring the inlet and outlet temperatures of the nozzle, measuring the flow rate of carbon dioxide, controlling the inlet pressure of the nozzle, pumping in nanoparticles of different types and diameters, measuring the condensation pressure, measuring the starting position and growth of the condensation droplets, and measuring the diameter and number of the condensation droplets. By changing the type of particles pumped in, the number of particles, the particle diameter, the inlet pressure, the inlet temperature, the nozzle size and other parameters in sequence, when any parameter is changed, the other parameters remain unchanged, and the inlet pressure, inlet temperature, the length of the working section, the direction of the working section, and the position of the working section of the supersonic separator are optimized based on the inlet pressure, condensation pressure, inlet temperature, outlet temperature, the position, size and growth of condensed droplets when the humidity is highest. For ease of application, the working section and the supersonic nozzle are set to be adjustable. The pressure, temperature, length, direction and position of the supersonic separator are controlled and adjusted based on the inlet pressure and inlet temperature data within a higher humidity range.

[0008] Furthermore, the heterogeneous particle adding device is an ejector, the inlet of the ejector is connected to a flow meter and a nanoparticle gas storage tank in sequence, and the outlet is connected to the nozzle. The ejector includes a fluid chamber, a power nozzle, an air suction chamber, a mixing chamber and an outlet end of the mixing chamber that are connected in sequence, the fluid chamber and the outlet end of the mixing chamber are respectively connected to the main pipe of the test equipment, the air suction chamber is connected to the flow meter and the nanoparticle gas storage tank, the carbon dioxide flowing at a high speed on the main pipe flows through the fluid chamber, and is ejected at the power nozzle to form a negative pressure, so that the nanoparticles in the nanoparticle gas storage tank are sucked into the air suction chamber, and the carbon dioxide and nanoparticles are mixed in the mixing chamber, and the mixed fluid flows through the outlet end of the mixing chamber into the nozzle, and non-equilibrium condensation occurs in the nozzle.

[0009] Furthermore, the flowmeter and the nanoparticle gas storage tank are arranged in pairs, and each nanoparticle gas storage tank stores particles of different types and diameters in the flue gas, and a control valve is arranged between each flowmeter and the injector. Different types of flue gas components are stored in each nanoparticle gas storage tank, and the duration of adding heterogeneous particles is controlled by opening and closing the control valve, and the number of added particles is calculated by the flowmeter. According to the test needs, the control valves of multiple nanoparticle gas storage tanks are opened in sequence or at the same time to change the composition of the carbon dioxide mixture and measure the characteristics of carbon dioxide condensation in the nozzle.

[0010] Furthermore, the nozzle includes an arc panel that is symmetrical up and down, and a light-transmitting panel is connected to the left and right sides of the arc panel. The cross-sectional shape of the nozzle along the flow direction of carbon dioxide is a rectangle, and the area of ​​the rectangle gradually shrinks and then gradually expands. The arc panel that is symmetrical up and down and the light-transmitting panels on the left and right sides are sealed and connected to form a carbon dioxide channel that first contracts and then expands. The connection method can be welding or connection or bonding through bracket bolts, as long as the connection is leak-proof; the nozzle only leaves an inlet and an outlet for carbon dioxide to flow therein, and end caps can be set at both ends of the nozzle or directly connected to the main pipeline. The shape of the nozzle first contracts and then expands along the flow direction of carbon dioxide, which is convenient for carbon dioxide to reach a transcritical state, and then realize non-equilibrium condensation; the light-transmitting panel of the nozzle is convenient for measuring the condensation phenomenon of carbon dioxide, realizing the characteristic collection of the non-equilibrium condensation phenomenon of carbon dioxide by the density measurement module and the humidity measurement module. The cross-section of the nozzle is square, which is easier to manufacture.

[0011] Furthermore, the nozzle includes expansion parts at both ends and a contraction part in the middle, and a plurality of pressure measurement modules are provided, each of which is evenly connected to the arc panel of the contraction part. Carbon dioxide is in different pressure states in the expansion part and the contraction part, respectively, which facilitates carbon dioxide to reach a transcritical state, thereby causing condensation. The pressure measurement module measures the pressure of each discrete point when carbon dioxide condenses in the nozzle, and evenly spaced connection holes are provided on the upper and lower arc panels of the nozzle. The pressure measurement module is detachably connected to the nozzle through the connection holes. The number of connection holes can be greater than the number of pressure measurement modules. The pressure measurement module can be moved according to the test needs. Unused connection holes should be kept sealed, and the sealing method can be bolts or thermal insulation materials. The measurement range of each pressure measurement module should be greater than the position where carbon dioxide condenses, so as to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the measurement results.

[0012] Furthermore, the temperature measurement module of the nozzle includes an inlet temperature measurement module and an outlet temperature measurement module, the inlet temperature measurement module includes a constant temperature heating module connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank, the outlet temperature measurement module includes a temperature and pressure sensor connected to the outlet of the nozzle, and the high-pressure gas storage tank is also connected to a constant pressure module for pressure control. The inlet and outlet temperature measurements can assist in determining the condensation temperature of carbon dioxide in the nozzle, and the inlet pressure of the nozzle is measured by the constant pressure module. The inlet temperature and inlet pressure of the supersonic nozzle are set according to the measured temperature and pressure, which can improve the condensation efficiency of carbon dioxide and thus improve the decarbonization efficiency.

[0013] Furthermore, the measurement direction of the density measurement module is perpendicular to the light-transmitting panel. The density measurement module includes a laser emitter, a laser attenuator, a beam expander, and a collimating lens connected in sequence to one side of the nozzle, and the laser emission direction is perpendicular to the flow direction of carbon dioxide in the nozzle; the other side of the nozzle is connected in sequence to a 50% beam splitter, a reflector, and a camera, and the 50% beam splitter and the reflector are arranged in pairs. The module on the left side of the nozzle can emit a laser beam in a specific direction, and the module on the right side of the nozzle can record the laser imaging after the laser is reflected or refracted. The density measurement module records the change process of the droplet density generated by the condensation of carbon dioxide in real time through the shear interferometry method, and outputs a clear pattern at each moment for analyzing the starting position of condensation.

[0014] Furthermore, the humidity measurement module is arranged between the density measurement module and the outlet of the nozzle, and the humidity measurement module is arranged on a sliding mechanism, and the sliding direction of the sliding mechanism is parallel to the nozzle. The humidity measurement module includes an optical fiber connected by an electrical signal and a transmitter for emitting a laser, and the optical fiber is slidably connected to the light-transmitting panels on the left and right sides of the nozzle through a sliding mechanism, and the position of the optical fiber should avoid interference with the laser optical path of the density measurement module. The humidity measurement measures the diameter and number of condensed droplets by the extinction method, and then converts them to obtain the humidity. The test conditions are changed in turn, and the optical fiber is fixed at different positions of the nozzle for multiple measurements in each test to obtain the operating parameters when the dehumidification efficiency is the highest.

[0015] Further, the sliding mechanism includes a connecting frame slidably connected to the light-transmitting panel, and the humidity measuring module is fixedly connected to the connecting frame. Preferably, the sliding mechanism includes a connecting frame and a screw rod that are threaded together, the screw rod is fixedly connected to the top of the nozzle through a fixing frame, one end of the screw rod is connected to a driving motor, one end of the connecting frame is provided with an internal thread that matches the screw rod, and the other end is provided with a connecting hole that is symmetrical with respect to the nozzle and is plugged into and matched with the optical fiber. The connecting frame can also be plugged into the screw rod, and the position of the connecting frame can be directly adjusted manually.

[0016] Specifically, the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit measures humidity and density through a single variable method. Each test measures the position of the condensed droplets, the size of the droplets, and the growth of the droplets. The humidity data of 5-8 points are fixedly measured in sequence through a sliding mechanism. By changing the test parameters in sequence, corresponding to the different operating states of the supersonic nozzle, by pumping in different types or quantities of particles, corresponding to the various types of flue gas components that need to be processed, the position of the optical fiber is moved by a sliding mechanism, and the humidity data of 5-8 points are fixedly measured in sequence. The greater the measured humidity, the higher the degree of carbon dioxide condensation, and the corresponding decarbonization efficiency. The position of the condensed droplets corresponds to the connection position between the working section and the supersonic nozzle, and the size and growth of the droplets correspond to the direction and length of the working section.

[0017] Furthermore, the outlet of the second low-pressure gas storage tank is connected to a vacuum pump for cleaning the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit. After each test, the carbon dioxide mixture in the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit is extracted by the vacuum pump to avoid affecting the measurement results of the next test.

[0018] The test equipment of the utility model adds solid particles to carbon dioxide through a heterogeneous particle adding device and mixes them, controls the flow rate of the mixture and the ratio of the two through a pressure difference and a flow meter, and simulates the working conditions of flue gas emission in a power plant; by designing the nozzle to be light-transmissive and the cross section to be square, it is easy to manufacture, and also realizes the measurement of the starting position of droplets formed after the flue gas condenses and the growth of the droplets by the density measurement module, and realizes the direct measurement and analysis of the condensation characteristics of heterogeneous carbon dioxide under different working conditions of flue gas emission in a power plant, the measurement method is simple, the result is accurate, and the supersonic separation is optimized according to the starting position of the droplets and the growth of the droplets The structural design of the working section of the separator makes the position of the working section match the starting position of the condensed droplets, and the length and direction of the working section match the growth of the condensed droplets; the condensation efficiency of the transcritical heterogeneous carbon dioxide is determined by humidity measurement, and the flow rate of the carbon dioxide mixture, the inlet pressure and the temperature of the nozzle are changed by adjusting the nozzle size, inlet pressure and temperature control module to achieve the highest condensation efficiency of the transcritical heterogeneous carbon dioxide; the flue gas flow rate, the size, inlet pressure and temperature of the supersonic nozzle during decarbonization of the supersonic separator are controlled according to the measured nozzle size, flow rate, inlet pressure and temperature. The application method is simple and effectively improves the decarbonization efficiency of the supersonic separator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the medium density measurement module and the nozzle;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the humidity measurement module and the nozzle;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the center nozzle.

[0024] In the figure, 1 low-pressure gas storage tank 1, 2 valve switch 1, 3 plunger pump, 4 air compressor, 5 valve switch 2, 6 high-pressure gas storage tank, 7 constant pressure module, 8 constant temperature heating module, 9 valve switch 3, 10 mass flow meter, 11 heterogeneous particle adding device, 12 nozzle, 1201 light-transmitting panel, 1202 curved panel, 13 density measurement module, 1301 laser transmitter, 1302 laser attenuator, 1303 laser beam expander, 1304 collimating lens, 1305 50% beam splitter, 1306 reflector, 1307 camera, 14 pressure measurement module, 15 humidity measurement module, 1501 transmitter, 1502 optical fiber, 1503 connecting frame, 1504 screw, 1505 driving motor, 1506 fixing frame, 16 valve switch 4, 17 low-pressure gas storage tank 2, 18 temperature and pressure sensor, 19 valve switch 5, 20 valve switch 6, 21 vacuum pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] Transcritical heterogeneous carbon dioxide test equipment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a gas storage part: a low-pressure gas storage tank 1, a high-pressure gas storage tank 6, and a low-pressure gas storage tank 2 17; a booster part: a plunger pump 3 and an air compressor 4; a flow control part: a mass flow meter 10 and various valve switches; a measuring area: a heterogeneous particle adding device 11, a nozzle 12, a pressure measuring module 14, a density measuring module 13, and a humidity measuring module 15; a temperature and pressure control and measurement part: a constant pressure module 7, a constant temperature heating module 8, and a temperature and pressure sensor 18; and a vacuum pump 21.

[0027] A carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit for carbon dioxide testing equipment, the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit includes a high-pressure gas storage tank 6, a mass flow meter 10, a heterogeneous particle adding device 11, a light-transmissive nozzle 12 and a low-pressure gas storage tank 17 connected in sequence, the nozzle 12 is connected to a temperature measurement module, a pressure measurement module 14, a density measurement module 13 and a humidity measurement module 15.

[0028] The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit in the present technical solution is intermittently connected to a low-pressure gas tank 1, a plunger pump 3 and an air compressor 4 through the inlet of a mass flow meter 10. The plunger pump 3 includes three interfaces, the first interface is connected to the low-pressure gas tank 1, the second interface is connected to the air compressor 4, and the third interface is connected to the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit. The plunger pump 3 extracts the carbon dioxide in the low-pressure gas tank 1 and compresses and pressurizes it using the air compressor 4 of the second interface, and then enters the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit through the third interface. Due to the pressure difference, the carbon dioxide flows from the high-pressure gas tank 6 to the low-pressure gas tank 2 17. The heterogeneous particle adding device 11 sprays nanoparticles into the main pipeline to mix with the carbon dioxide, and non-equilibrium condensation occurs in the nozzle 12. The inlet temperature of the nozzle 12 is controlled by the constant temperature heating module 8, the inlet pressure of the nozzle 12 is controlled by the constant pressure module 7, the outlet temperature of the nozzle 12 is measured by the temperature and pressure sensor 18, the outlet pressure of the nozzle 12 is measured by the temperature and pressure sensor 18, the flow rate of carbon dioxide is measured by the mass flow meter 10, nanoparticles of different types and diameters are pumped in by the heterogeneous particle adding device 11, the condensation pressure is measured by the pressure measuring module 14, the starting position and growth of the condensed droplets, the diameter and the number of the condensed droplets are measured by the density measuring module 13 and the humidity measuring module 15 respectively, and then the humidity of the condensed droplets is converted.

[0029] By sequentially changing the type of particles pumped in, the number of particles, the particle diameter, the inlet pressure, the inlet temperature, the size of the nozzle 12 and other parameters, when changing any parameter, the other parameters remain unchanged, the humidity, the position, size and growth data of the condensed droplets, the flow rate are measured and recorded in turn, and the inlet pressure, inlet temperature, the length of the working section, the direction of the working section, and the position of the working section of the supersonic nozzle are optimized according to the inlet pressure, condensation pressure, inlet temperature, outlet temperature, the position, size and growth of the condensed droplets when the humidity is the highest, so as to improve the separation efficiency of carbon dioxide. For the convenience of application, the working section and the supersonic nozzle are set to be adjustable, and the pressure, temperature, length, direction and position of the working section of the supersonic separator are controlled according to the inlet pressure and inlet temperature data in the higher humidity range.

[0030] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred implementation mode, the heterogeneous particle adding device 11 is an ejector, the inlet of the ejector is connected with a flow meter and a nanoparticle gas storage tank in sequence, and the outlet is connected with the nozzle 12. The ejector comprises a fluid chamber, a power nozzle, an air suction chamber, a mixing chamber and an outlet end of the mixing chamber which are connected in sequence, the fluid chamber and the outlet end of the mixing chamber are respectively connected to the main pipe of the test equipment, the air suction chamber is connected with a flow meter and a nanoparticle gas storage tank, the flow meter can measure the number of particles pumped in, the nanoparticle gas storage tank can store smoke components, the carbon dioxide flowing at a high speed on the main pipe flows through the fluid chamber, and is ejected at the power nozzle to form a negative pressure, so that the nanoparticles in the nanoparticle gas storage tank are sucked into the air suction chamber, and the carbon dioxide and nanoparticles are mixed in the mixing chamber, and the mixed fluid flows through the outlet end of the mixing chamber into the nozzle 12, and non-equilibrium condensation occurs in the nozzle 12.

[0031] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred implementation, the flowmeter and the nanoparticle gas storage tank are arranged in pairs, and each nanoparticle gas storage tank stores particles of different types and diameters in the flue gas, and a control valve is arranged between each flowmeter and the injector. Different types of flue gas components are stored in each nanoparticle gas storage tank, and the duration of adding heterogeneous particles is controlled by opening and closing the control valve, and the number of added particles is measured by the flowmeter. According to the needs of the experiment, the control valves of multiple nanoparticle gas storage tanks are opened in sequence or at the same time to simulate the composition of production waste gas under different conditions, change the composition of the carbon dioxide mixture, and record the characteristics of carbon dioxide condensation in the nozzle 12 respectively, and the corresponding size optimization of the working section of the supersonic separator is performed.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred implementation, Figure 4 As shown, the nozzle 12 includes an arc panel 1202 that is symmetrical up and down, and a light-transmitting panel 1201 is connected to both sides of the arc panel 1202. The cross-sectional shape of the nozzle 12 along the flow direction of carbon dioxide is a rectangle, and the area of ​​the rectangle gradually shrinks and then gradually expands. The arc panel 1202 that is symmetrical up and down and the light-transmitting panels 1201 on both sides are sealed and connected to form a carbon dioxide channel that first contracts and then expands. The connection method can be welding or connecting or bonding through bracket bolts, as long as the connection is leak-proof; the nozzle 12 only leaves an inlet and an outlet for carbon dioxide to flow therein, and end caps can be set at both ends of the nozzle 12 or directly connected to the main pipeline. The shape of the nozzle 12 first contracts and then expands along the flow direction of carbon dioxide, which is convenient for carbon dioxide to reach a transcritical state, thereby realizing non-equilibrium condensation; the light-transmitting panel of the nozzle 12 is convenient for measuring the condensation phenomenon of carbon dioxide, realizing the characteristic collection of the non-equilibrium condensation phenomenon of carbon dioxide by the density measurement module 13 and the humidity measurement module 15, and the cross-section of the nozzle 12 is square, which is easier to manufacture.

[0033] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred implementation, the nozzle 12 includes expansion parts at both ends and a contraction part in the middle, and the pressure measurement module 14 is provided with a plurality of pressure measurement modules 14, each of which is evenly connected to the arc panel 1202 of the contraction part. Carbon dioxide is in different pressure states in the expansion part and the contraction part, respectively, which facilitates carbon dioxide to reach a transcritical state, thereby causing condensation. The pressure measurement module 14 measures the pressure of each discrete point when carbon dioxide condenses in the nozzle 12. Evenly spaced connection holes are provided on the upper and lower arc panels 1202 of the nozzle 12. The pressure measurement module 14 is detachably connected to the nozzle 12 through the connection holes. The number of connection holes can be greater than the number of pressure measurement modules 14. The pressure measurement module 14 can be a pressure sensor, and the pressure in the nozzle is measured by the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor can be moved according to the test needs, and the unused connection holes should be kept sealed. The sealing method can be bolts or insulation materials. The measurement range of the pressure sensor should be greater than the position where carbon dioxide condensation occurs to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the measurement results.

[0034] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred implementation, the temperature measurement module of the nozzle 12 includes an inlet temperature measurement module and an outlet temperature measurement module, the inlet temperature measurement module includes a constant temperature heating module 8 connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank 6, and the outlet temperature measurement module includes a temperature and pressure sensor 18 connected to the outlet of the nozzle 12, and the high-pressure gas storage tank 6 is also connected to a constant pressure module 7 for pressure control. The inlet and outlet temperature measurements can assist in determining the condensation temperature of carbon dioxide in the nozzle 12, and the inlet pressure of the nozzle is measured by the constant pressure module 7. The inlet temperature and inlet pressure of the supersonic nozzle are set according to the measured temperature and pressure, which can improve the condensation efficiency of carbon dioxide and thus improve the decarbonization efficiency. The inlet pressure and the pressure measurement of the nozzle 12 outlet can also determine whether the condensation phenomenon is over. When the pressure values ​​at the inlet and outlet of the nozzle 12 tend to be consistent, it indicates that the test is over.

[0035] Based on the above embodiment, as a preferred implementation, the density measurement module 13 measures the position, size and growth data of the condensed droplets by shearing interferometry, and the measurement direction of the density measurement module 13 is perpendicular to the light-transmitting panel 1201 .

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, the density measurement module 13 includes a laser emitter 1301, a laser attenuator 1302, a beam expander 1303, and a collimating lens 1304 which are sequentially connected to one side of the nozzle 12, and the laser emission direction is perpendicular to the flow direction of carbon dioxide in the nozzle 12; the other side of the nozzle 12 is sequentially connected to a 50% beam splitter 1305, a reflector 1306 and a camera 1307, and two 50% beam splitters 1305 and two transmitting mirrors 1306 are respectively provided. After the laser beam passes through the 50% beam splitter 1305 and the reflector 1306 respectively, it is finally irradiated on the camera 1307.

[0037] After the laser emitter 1301 emits the laser, it is attenuated by the laser attenuator 1302, and then refracted by the beam expander 1303 and the collimator lens 1304. Then the laser is vertically irradiated on the light-transmitting panel 1201 of the nozzle 12. After the laser passes through the nozzle 12, it is irradiated on the 50% beam splitter 1305, and then divided into two beams. After two reflections, position offset and interference occur. The interference pattern is recorded by the camera 1307. Different refractive index data can be obtained by analyzing the pattern and converted into density data. The density measurement module 13 measures according to the different refractive indices of carbon dioxide in gas and liquid states. The camera 1307 can measure different light interference fringes. When the interference fringes measured by the camera 1307 change significantly, it means that carbon dioxide has begun to condense. The humidity, pressure, temperature, droplet position, size and growth data at this time are recorded to obtain the characteristics of the condensation phenomenon.

[0038] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a preferred implementation, the humidity measurement module 15 measures the diameter and number of condensed droplets by the extinction method, and the humidity measurement module 15 is arranged between the density measurement module 13 and the outlet of the nozzle 12, and the humidity measurement module 15 is arranged on a sliding mechanism, and the sliding direction of the sliding mechanism is parallel to the nozzle 12. The humidity measurement module 15 includes an optical fiber 1502 connected by an electrical signal and a transmitter 1501 for emitting lasers, and the optical fiber 1502 is slidably connected to the light-transmitting panels 1201 on the left and right sides of the nozzle 12 through the sliding mechanism, and the position of the optical fiber 1502 should avoid interference with the laser optical path of the density measurement module 13. When the laser beam emitted by the transmitter 1501 passes through the nozzle 12, the intensity of the transmitted light after passing through the nozzle 12 is attenuated due to the scattering and absorption of the beam by the condensed droplets in the nozzle 12. The diameter and number of the condensed droplets are measured by the attenuation degree of the beam, and then the humidity is converted. The test conditions are changed in turn. In each test, the optical fiber 1502 is fixed at different positions of the nozzle 12 for multiple measurements to obtain the test parameters when the dehumidification efficiency is highest.

[0039] Preferably, if Figure 3As shown, the sliding mechanism includes a screw rod 1504 and a connecting frame 1503. The screw rod 1504 is fixedly connected to the top of the nozzle 12 through a fixing frame 1506. One end of the screw rod 1504 is connected to a driving motor 1505. One end of the connecting frame 1503 is provided with an internal thread matched with the screw rod 1504, and the other end is provided with a connecting hole symmetrical with respect to the nozzle 12 and plugged with the optical fiber 1502. The screw rod 1504 can also be set to be manually adjusted. In order to facilitate the analysis of the humidity of each condensation position of carbon dioxide in the nozzle 12, the end of the screw rod 1504 away from the density measurement module 13 should be aligned with the end of the nozzle 12, and a scale should be set on the screw rod 1504.

[0040] In a specific implementation, the sliding mechanism can also be a symmetrical slide rail or slide groove connected to the left and right sides of the nozzle 12, as long as the optical fiber 1502 can slide freely between the density measurement module 13 and the outlet of the nozzle 12, and the optical fiber 1502 is slidably connected to the slide rail or slide groove, and the direction of the optical fiber 1502 remains perpendicular to the light-transmitting panel 1201.

[0041] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, as a preferred implementation mode, the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit measures humidity and density by a single variable method, and measures the position of condensed droplets, the size of droplets and the growth of droplets in each test. The humidity data of 5-8 points are fixedly measured in sequence by a sliding mechanism, and the outlet of the low-pressure gas storage tank 17 is connected with a vacuum pump 21 for cleaning the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit. By changing the test parameters in sequence, corresponding to the different operating states of the supersonic nozzle, by pumping in different types or quantities of particles, corresponding to the various types of flue gas components that need to be processed, the greater the humidity, the higher the degree of carbon dioxide condensation, and the higher the corresponding decarbonization efficiency. By moving the connecting frame 1503 to change the position of the optical fiber 1502 to measure the humidity at different positions in the nozzle 12, because the light beam emitted by the optical fiber 1502 is very thin, and the scale is very small for the nozzle 12, so multiple measurements are required. The position of the condensed droplets corresponds to the connection position between the working section and the supersonic nozzle, and the size and growth of the droplets correspond to the direction and length of the working section. After each test, the carbon dioxide mixture of the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit is extracted by the vacuum pump 21 to avoid affecting the measurement results of the subsequent tests.

[0042] Based on the above embodiment, as a preferred implementation, a method for improving the decarbonization efficiency of a supersonic separator using the carbon dioxide test equipment comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) Close valve switch three 9 and valve switch six 20, open the remaining valve switches, and use the vacuum pump 21 to adjust the pressure in the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit to a suitable pressure;

[0044] (2) Close all valve switches, open valve switch 1 2 and valve switch 2 5, pressurize the carbon dioxide in the low-pressure gas storage tank 1 through the plunger pump 3 and inject it into the high-pressure gas storage tank 6;

[0045] (3) First, close all valve switches, then open valve switch three 9 and valve switch four 16, pump particles into the nozzle 12 through the heterogeneous particle adding device 11, control the start and stop of the plunger pump 3 through the constant pressure module 7 to control the pressure of carbon dioxide in the high-pressure gas storage tank 6, that is, the inlet pressure of the nozzle 12, and control the temperature of the high-pressure gas storage tank 6 through the constant temperature heating module 8, that is, the inlet temperature of the nozzle 12, and change the following test parameters in sequence: the type of particles pumped in, the number of particles, the particle diameter, the inlet pressure, the inlet temperature, and the size of the nozzle. When changing any parameter, keep all other parameters unchanged, and measure and record the humidity data of 5-8 points in sequence, as well as the position, size and growth data of the condensed droplets in the same period, and the parameters of the mass flow meter 10;

[0046] (4) When the pressure value of the temperature and pressure sensor 18 is consistent with the pressure value of the constant pressure module 7, the test is completed. After each test, the residual carbon dioxide and the mixture in the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit are extracted by the vacuum pump 21 to prepare for the next test;

[0047] (5) The location of carbon dioxide condensation is determined by measuring the location, size and growth data of condensation droplets, and the efficiency of carbon dioxide condensation is determined by humidity measurement data. The inlet pressure, condensation pressure, inlet temperature, outlet temperature and location where condensation occurs with the highest condensation efficiency under the conditions of different particle types, particle numbers and particle diameters are obtained. The inlet pressure, inlet temperature, length of the working section, direction of the working section and location of the working section of the supersonic nozzle are optimized.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit for a carbon dioxide test device, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit comprises a high-pressure gas storage tank (6), a mass flow meter (10), a heterogeneous particle adding device (11), a light-transmissive nozzle (12) and a second low-pressure gas storage tank (17) which are connected in sequence, wherein the nozzle (12) is connected to a temperature measurement module, a pressure measurement module (14), a density measurement module (13) and a humidity measurement module (15).

2. The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heterogeneous particle adding device (11) is an ejector, the inlet of the ejector is connected to a flow meter and a nanoparticle gas storage tank in sequence, and the outlet is connected to the nozzle (12).

3. The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flowmeter and the nanoparticle gas storage tank are arranged in pairs, and each nanoparticle gas storage tank stores particles of different types and diameters in the flue gas. A control valve is arranged between each flowmeter and the ejector.

4. The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nozzle (12) comprises a vertically symmetrical curved panel (1202), with light-transmitting panels (1201) connected to both left and right sides of the curved panel (1202). The cross-sectional shape of the nozzle (12) along the flow direction of carbon dioxide is a rectangle, and the area of ​​the rectangle gradually decreases and then gradually increases.

5. The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nozzle (12) comprises expansion parts at both ends and a contraction part in the middle, and a plurality of pressure measurement modules (14) are provided, each pressure measurement module (14) being evenly connected to the arc-shaped panel (1202) of the contraction part.

6. The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature measurement module of the nozzle (12) comprises an inlet temperature measurement module and an outlet temperature measurement module, the inlet temperature measurement module comprises a constant temperature heating module (8) connected to the high-pressure gas storage tank (6), the outlet temperature measurement module comprises a temperature and pressure sensor (18) connected to the outlet of the nozzle (12), and the high-pressure gas storage tank (6) is also connected to a constant pressure module (7) for pressure control.

7. The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The measurement direction of the density measurement module (13) is perpendicular to the light-transmitting panel (1201).

8. The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The humidity measuring module (15) is arranged between the density measuring module (13) and the outlet of the nozzle (12); the humidity measuring module (15) is arranged on a sliding mechanism; and the sliding direction of the sliding mechanism is parallel to the nozzle (12).

9. The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sliding mechanism comprises a connecting frame (1503) slidably connected to the light-transmitting panel (1201), and the humidity measurement module (15) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (1503).

10. The carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outlet of the second low-pressure gas storage tank (17) is connected to a vacuum pump (21) for cleaning the carbon dioxide heterogeneous condensation test unit.

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