Extraction device for soluble organic matters in soil-water environment

Abstract

An extraction device for soluble organic matters in a soil-water environment belongs to the technical field of extraction devices for soluble organic matters, and comprises a liquid storage device, a first flow guide hose, a second flow guide hose, a drip chamber, a sealing plug, a solid-phase extraction column and a filtrate collector, the liquid storage device is connected with the solid-phase extraction column through a first flow guide hose, the filtrate collector is located at the tail end of the solid-phase extraction column and connected with the solid-phase extraction column through a second flow guide hose, and a dripping bucket, a one-way valve and a flow regulator are further arranged on the first flow guide hose of the liquid storage device and the solid-phase extraction column. An adsorption filler for extracting soluble organic matters is arranged in the solid-phase extraction column. The device does not depend on instruments and equipment; the device is simple and convenient to construct; the application scene is wide; the controllability is high; the cost is low; multiple groups of preparation can be performed at one time; the extraction rate is adjustable, and the action duration between the soluble organic matter and the adsorption filler is guaranteed; cyclic extraction can be realized; the extraction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of devices for extracting dissolved organic matter, and in particular relates to a device for extracting dissolved organic matter in a soil and water environment. Background Art

[0002] Dissolved organic matter (DOM) refers to all organic mixtures dissolved in water, usually heterogeneous hydrocarbon mixtures dissolved in water, acid or alkali that can pass through a 0.45m filter membrane, with complex composition, structure and environmental behavior. DOM has strong biochemical activity and has very important ecological and environmental effects. It is widely present in soil, sediments and natural water bodies. In the soil and water environment, DOM is a ubiquitous heterogeneous mixture containing various functional groups that can affect a series of environmental behaviors of pollutants in the soil and water environment, such as dissolution, precipitation, adsorption, oxidation and reduction. DOM is one of the dynamic carbon pools on the earth and a key link between carbon in living forms and inorganic carbon. It participates in various biogeochemical cycles and plays an important role in ecosystem service functions.

[0003] The matrix environment for extracting DOM depends on the selection of extraction devices and methods. Different devices and methods for extracting DOM in soil and water environments may result in significant differences in the impurity content and matrix environment in DOM. How DOM is extracted in soil and water environments determines whether DOM can be completely extracted and whether it can reflect the original properties of DOM in soil and water. Therefore, the extraction of DOM is very important and is related to the correct understanding of DOM in soil and water environments.

[0004] The correct extraction of DOM in soil and water environment is a necessary means to reflect the true properties of DOM and the basis for subsequent research and characterization. Ideally, the extraction method of DOM in soil and water environment should have the advantages of not changing the original shape, being easy to operate, not affecting subsequent research and characterization, and having wide applicability.

[0005] CN209231073U discloses an integrated device for extracting soluble organic matter from soil, including an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a filter membrane, a bracket and a sealing cover; the inner cylinder is located inside the outer cylinder, and the bracket is connected between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; a plurality of circular holes are opened on the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder, and the filter membrane is arranged at the circular holes on the inner cylinder; an inner convex edge is also arranged on the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder, and the inner convex edge is located in the middle position of the inner cylinder, and the circular hole is opened on the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder above the inner convex edge. A plurality of through holes are opened on the bracket. The minimum distance between the lowest circular hole and the bottom of the inner cylinder is about 2 / 3 of the height of the inner cylinder. Both the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are U-shaped cylinders with a concave bottom, and the axis of the outer cylinder coincides with the axis of the inner cylinder.

[0006] However, the above methods and devices have disadvantages such as high cost, complex operation, long time consumption, dependence on instruments, cumbersome device construction and low extraction efficiency.

[0007] In view of the above factors, the utility model designs a device that can be easily operated and does not affect subsequent research and characterization of extracting DOM in soil and water environments, thereby efficiently extracting DOM in soil and water environments. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology of the existing methods, and proposes a device for extracting soluble organic matter in a soil and water environment. Through the arrangement of a liquid reservoir, a first diversion hose, a second diversion hose, a drip bucket, a flow regulator, a sealing plug, a solid phase extraction column, and a filtrate collector, the utility model achieves the functions of high-efficiency extraction of soluble organic matter, low cost, strong controllability, simple device construction, independence from instruments and equipment, wide application scenarios, adjustable extraction rate and cyclic extraction.

[0009] The utility model is realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0010] The device for extracting dissolved organic matter in soil and water environment comprises a liquid reservoir, a first guiding hose, a second guiding hose, a drip bucket, a sealing plug, a solid phase extraction column, and a filtrate collector; the liquid reservoir is placed at a high position with a natural high pressure, the liquid reservoir and the solid phase extraction column are connected by the first guiding hose, the filtrate collector is located at the end of the solid phase extraction column, and is connected to the solid phase extraction column by the second guiding hose, the liquid reservoir and the first guiding hose of the solid phase extraction column are also provided with a drip bucket and a flow regulator, and the liquid reservoir, the first guiding hose, the drip bucket, and the solid phase extraction column form a through channel; the solid phase extraction column is open at the top and is provided with an adsorption filler for soluble organic matter extraction, the adsorption filler is arranged at the bottom position in the solid phase extraction column, and a holding space is formed in the solid phase extraction column above the adsorption filler. The liquid reservoir is mainly used for storing DOM extract. The guiding hose is mainly used for conveying DOM extract. The flow regulator is mainly used to adjust the titration flow rate of DOM extract. The top of the solid phase extraction column is open, and it is mainly used for activation and desalting of the solid phase extraction column before extraction. The solid phase extraction column is mainly used for DOM extraction. The filtrate collector is mainly used for collecting filtrate.

[0011] Preferably, the first flow guiding hose is also provided with a one-way valve. The flow regulator is arranged on the first flow guiding hose between the one-way valve and the solid phase extraction column.

[0012] Preferably, the distance between the bottom port of the first guiding hose and the adsorption filler inside the solid phase extraction column ranges from 1 / 3 to 3 / 4 of the height of the inner cylinder of the solid phase extraction column.

[0013] Preferably, the filler in the solid phase extraction column is a special filler containing C18 or C8, nitrile, amino and other groups.

[0014] The liquid reservoir and the solid phase extraction column of the utility model are connected by a first guiding hose, and a drip bucket and a flow regulator are arranged on the first guiding hose, which can effectively control the titration flow rate of the DOM extract. And the distance between the port at the bottom of the first guiding hose and the adsorption filler in the solid phase extraction column is 1 / 3 to 3 / 4 of the height of the inner cylinder, leaving enough space to carry the extract. The top of the solid phase extraction column is open, which is used to activate and desalt the solid phase extraction column before extraction. A sealing plug is provided at the contact part between the upper part of the solid phase extraction column and the first guiding hose for sealing and dust prevention. The filtrate collector is located at the end of the solid phase extraction column, which is convenient for collecting the waste liquid after extraction for the determination of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and preventing the waste liquid from spilling and splashing.

[0015] The device for extracting soluble organic matter in a soil and water environment described in the utility model is independent of instruments and equipment; the device is simple to construct; has a wide range of applicable scenarios; is highly controllable; has low cost; can prepare multiple groups at one time; has an adjustable extraction rate to ensure the duration of action between the soluble organic matter and the adsorption filler; can be cyclically extracted; and has improved extraction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for extracting dissolved organic matter in a soil and water environment according to the utility model;

[0017] In the figure: 1. liquid storage tank; 2. first flow guide hose; 3. drip bucket; 4. flow regulator; 5. sealing plug; 6. solid phase extraction column; 7. filtrate collector; 8. second flow guide hose; 9. adsorption filler; one-way valve 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] like Figure 1As shown, the device for extracting dissolved organic matter in soil and water environment described in the utility model comprises a liquid reservoir 1, a first guiding hose 2, a drip bucket 3, a flow regulator 4, a sealing plug 5, a solid phase extraction column 6, a filtrate collector 7, and a second guiding hose 8. The liquid reservoir 1 is placed at a high position with a natural high pressure. The liquid reservoir 1 and the solid phase extraction column 6 are connected by the first guiding hose 2. The filtrate collector 7 is located at the end of the solid phase extraction column and is connected by the second guiding hose 8. The liquid reservoir 1, the first guiding hose 2, the drip bucket 3, the solid phase extraction column 6, the second guiding hose 8, and the filtrate collector 7 form a through-flow channel. The liquid reservoir 1 is mainly used for storing DOM extract. The guiding hose is mainly used for transporting DOM extract. A one-way valve 10 is also provided on the first guiding hose 2. The flow regulator 4 is arranged on the first guiding hose 2 between the one-way valve 10 and the solid phase extraction column 6. The flow area of ​​the first guiding hose 2 is changed by the control of the flow regulator 4 to adjust the titration flow rate of the DOM extract. The solid phase extraction column 6 is provided with an adsorption filler 9 for extracting DOM. The filtrate collector 7 is used for collecting the filtrate.

[0019] The distance between the bottom port of the first guiding hose and the adsorption filler 9 inside the solid phase extraction column 6 is 1 / 3 to 3 / 4 of the inner cylinder height, so that a holding space is formed in the solid phase extraction column 6 above the adsorption filler 9, which is used to carry the extract during the extraction process.

[0020] The filler in the solid phase extraction column 6 is a special filler containing C18 or C8, nitrile, amino and other groups. A sealing plug 5 is provided at the top of the solid phase extraction column 6 in contact with the first flow guide hose for sealing and dustproofing.

[0021] The utility model is provided with a dripping bucket 3 and a flow regulator 4 on the first guiding hose 2, which can effectively control the titration flow rate of the DOM extract. At the same time, a one-way valve 10 is provided, which cooperates with the dripping bucket 3 to prevent the backflow of the DOM extract.

[0022] Embodiment 1

[0023] When working, the sample is a soil sample. Figure 1 The utility model discloses a device for efficiently extracting dissolved organic matter from soil and water environment. The specific operation is as follows.

[0024] Accurately weigh an appropriate amount of soil and add ultrapure water in proportion to mix well.

[0025] After shaking and centrifugation, the supernatant of the soil sample was taken.

[0026] The supernatant of the soil sample was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter membrane to obtain its DOM extract.

[0027] The DOM extract is transferred to the liquid reservoir 1, and the flow rate is adjusted to an appropriate flow rate by the flow regulator 4. Under the action of gravity, the extract in the liquid reservoir 1 will flow into the drip bucket 3 along the thinner first guide hose 2 at a uniform speed. When the water column pressure of the drip bucket 3 is greater than the pressure in the solid phase extraction column 6, the extract in the liquid reservoir 1 flows into the solid phase extraction column 6 along the first guide hose 2. The DOM extract stays in the solid phase extraction column 6, and the DOM is fully extracted by the adsorption filler 9 in the solid phase extraction column 6. After extraction, the filtrate enters the filtrate collector 7 through the second guide hose 8, and is recovered by the filtrate collector. The recovered filtrate can be used for repeated extraction, so that DOM in the soil can be extracted quickly and efficiently.

[0028] The specific extraction control method of the utility model is: the device is equipped with a flow regulator, which can effectively control the titration flow rate of the DOM extract. When the device is working, the flow rate is adjusted to an appropriate flow rate through the flow regulator, so there is no need for people to wait by the side, and the device does not need electricity, and can make full use of lunch breaks and evening time to pass the column, with high work efficiency. It can achieve a balance in human, material and financial resources, and meet the requirements of sustainable and repeatable operation.

[0029] Embodiment 2

[0030] When working, the sample is a water sample. Figure 1 The utility model discloses a device for efficiently extracting dissolved organic matter from water and soil environments. The specific operation is as follows:

[0031] The clear water samples were directly filtered; if it was turbid, the surface suspended matter in the water sample was first removed, and a certain amount of the supernatant of the water sample was taken after high-speed centrifugation, and the supernatant was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter membrane to obtain the DOM extract of the water sample.

[0032] The DOM extract of the water sample is transferred to the liquid reservoir 1, and the same extraction steps as in Example 1 are repeated. Thus, the DOM in the water can be extracted quickly and efficiently.

[0033] The utility model has a simple structure, but is convenient and practical, and has an ideal use effect. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other forms within the scope of the spirit or basic features of the utility model. No matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the utility model is limited by the attached claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to include all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the utility model. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0034] In addition, it should be understood that this specification is described according to the implementation methods, but not every implementation method contains only an independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made should be included in the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for extracting dissolved organic matter in soil and water environment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a liquid reservoir (1), a first flow guiding hose (2), a drip bucket (3), a flow regulator (4), a solid phase extraction column (6), a filtrate collector (7), and a second flow guiding hose (8). The liquid reservoir (1) is placed at a high position and has a naturally high pressure. The liquid reservoir (1) and the solid phase extraction column (6) are connected by the first flow guiding hose (2). The filtrate collector (7) is located at the end of the solid phase extraction column (6) and is connected to the solid phase extraction column (6) by the second flow guiding hose (8). The first flow guiding hose (2) of the liquid reservoir (1) and the solid phase extraction column (6) is connected to the solid phase extraction column (6). The tube (2) is also provided with a drip bucket (3) and a flow regulator (4), wherein the liquid reservoir (1), the first flow guiding hose (2), the drip bucket (3), the solid phase extraction column (6), the second flow guiding hose (8), and the filtrate collector (7) form a through-flow channel; the solid phase extraction column (6) is open at the top and is provided with an adsorption filler (9) for extracting soluble organic matter, the adsorption filler (9) is arranged at the bottom position in the solid phase extraction column (6), and a receiving space is formed in the solid phase extraction column (6) above the adsorption filler (9).

2. The device for extracting dissolved organic matter in soil and water environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow guiding hose (2) is also provided with a one-way valve (10).

3. The device for extracting dissolved organic matter in soil and water environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow regulator (4) is arranged on the first flow guiding hose (2) between the one-way valve (10) and the solid phase extraction column (6).

4. The device for extracting dissolved organic matter in soil and water environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the bottom port of the first flow guiding hose (2) and the adsorption filler (9) inside the solid phase extraction column (6) ranges from 1 / 3 to 3 / 4 of the height of the inner cylinder of the solid phase extraction column (6).

5. The device for extracting dissolved organic matter in soil and water environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing plug (5) is provided at the contact portion between the upper portion of the solid phase extraction column (6) and the first flow guiding hose (2).

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