Slit coating device

Abstract

The utility model provides a slit coating device which comprises an objective table used for placing an object to be coated; the first cooling assembly is used for cooling an object to be coated on the objective table; the coating scraper comprises a first clamping block and a second clamping block, and a coating slit is formed between the first clamping block and the second clamping block; and the second cooling assembly is arranged on the first clamping block and / or the second clamping block, and the second cooling assembly is used for cooling the coating slurry in the coating slit. According to the utility model, in the slit coating process, the objective table and the coating scraper for slit coating are respectively cooled, so that coating slurry is enabled to form a film in a coating manner under a low-temperature condition, the solvent evaporation speed of the coating slurry is reduced, and the film forming stability is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coating, in particular to a slit coating device. Background Art

[0002] Slit coating is a coating technology that presses the coating liquid out along the gap of the mold under a certain pressure and transfers it to a moving substrate. It has the characteristics of fast coating speed, good coating uniformity, wide range of coating liquid viscosity, high coating liquid utilization rate, and simultaneous multi-layer coating, which is consistent with the preparation of perovskite films. However, in the process of preparing perovskite films on a large scale using traditional slit coating devices, the perovskite films are easily affected by the ambient temperature. When the indoor temperature is too high, the solvent will evaporate too quickly, resulting in small perovskite crystal particles, and then gaps will be generated at the interface between the perovskite and the substrate, and even mechanical peeling will occur, which is not conducive to the transmission of carriers. Utility Model Content

[0003] Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a slit coating device for improving the coating effect of the perovskite layer.

[0004] The utility model provides a slit coating device, which comprises:

[0005] A stage, the stage being used to place the object to be coated;

[0006] A first cooling component, the first cooling component is arranged on the stage, and the first cooling component is used to cool the object to be coated on the stage;

[0007] A coating scraper, the coating scraper comprising a first clamping block and a second clamping block, wherein a coating slit is formed between the first clamping block and the second clamping block;

[0008] A second cooling assembly is provided on the first clamping block and / or the second clamping block, and is used for cooling the coating slurry in the coating slit.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first cooling component includes a cooling layer, the cooling layer is disposed on a surface of the stage for placing the object to be coated, and the object to be coated is placed on the surface of the cooling layer.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cooling layer includes a semiconductor refrigeration sheet.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first cooling component includes a first cooler and a first circulation pipe, the cooling layer is arranged on the surface of the worktable, the object to be coated is placed on the surface of the cooling layer, a liquid storage cavity injected with coolant is arranged in the cooling layer, and the first cooler is circulatedly connected to the liquid storage cavity through the first circulation pipe.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second cooling assembly includes a second cooler and a second circulation pipe;

[0013] A first cavity filled with coolant is provided in the first clamping block, and the second cooler is also cyclically connected to the first cavity through the second circulation pipe.

[0014] In some embodiments, a second cavity filled with coolant is provided in the second clamping block, and the second cooler is cyclically connected to the second cavity via the second circulation pipe.

[0015] In some embodiments, a first temperature sensor is disposed on the first clamping block and / or the second clamping block, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the slurry in the coating slit.

[0016] In some embodiments, a second temperature sensor is disposed on the stage, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the object to be coated.

[0017] In some embodiments, the surfaces of the first clamping block and the second clamping block on one side for coating the object to be coated are both arc-shaped surfaces, the arc-shaped surfaces are concave inwardly in a direction away from the object to be coated, and the two ends of the arc-shaped surfaces correspond to the two side edges of the object to be coated along the coating direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the difference between the center height of the arc-shaped surface and the heights of both ends of the arc-shaped surface is less than or equal to 10 μm.

[0019] Compared with the traditional technology, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The utility model adds a first cooling component and a second cooling component to cool down the slit coating stage and the coating scraper during the slit coating process, thereby ensuring that the coating slurry is coated and filmed under low temperature conditions, reducing the solvent volatilization speed of the coating slurry and ensuring film formation stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a slit coating device provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between a coating scraper and a second cooling component provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first cooling component provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a coating scraper provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model, where d represents the height difference between the center and the two ends of the arc surface.

[0025] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic side structural diagram of a coating scraper provided in a specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Among them, 100-slit coating device; 110-coating scraper; 111-first clamping block; 112-second clamping block; 113-coating slit; 114-first cavity; 115-second cavity; 120-second cooling component; 121-second cooler; 122-second circulation pipe; 130-stage; 140-first cooling component; 141-first cooler; 142-first circulation pipe; 143-cooling layer; 144-liquid storage chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and examples. These embodiments and examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The purpose of providing these embodiments and examples is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. It should also be understood that the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments and examples described herein. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications without violating the connotation of the present invention, and the equivalent forms obtained also fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, in the description below, a large number of specific details are given in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details.

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] In the present utility model, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity, nor can they be understood as implicitly indicating the importance or quantity of the indicated technical features. Moreover, "first", "second", etc. only serve the purpose of non-exhaustive enumeration and description, and it should be understood that they do not constitute a closed limitation on quantity.

[0031] In the present utility model, the technical features described in an open manner include closed technical solutions composed of the listed features, and also include open technical solutions containing the listed features.

[0032] In the present utility model, when it comes to numerical intervals (i.e., numerical ranges), unless otherwise specified, the distribution of optional numerical values ​​within the numerical interval is deemed to be continuous and includes the two numerical endpoints (i.e., the minimum value and the maximum value) of the numerical interval, and each numerical value between the two numerical endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when the numerical interval only refers to integers within the numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, and each integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing each integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be combined. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges disclosed in the present utility model should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, a percentage, a ratio, etc. "Numerical interval" allows for broadly including quantitative intervals such as percentage intervals, ratio intervals, and ratio intervals.

[0033] All documents mentioned in the present utility model are cited as references in the present utility model, just as each document is cited as a reference separately. Unless they conflict with the utility model purpose and / or technical solution of the present utility model, the cited documents involved in the present utility model are cited with all contents and all purposes. When the present utility model involves cited documents, the definitions of relevant technical features, terms, nouns, phrases, etc. in the cited documents are also cited. When the present utility model involves cited documents, the examples and preferred methods of the cited relevant technical features can also be incorporated into the present utility model as references, but are limited to the ability to implement the present utility model. It should be understood that when the cited content conflicts with the description in the present utility model, the present utility model shall prevail or be modified adaptively according to the description of the present utility model.

[0034] In the traditional technology, after the perovskite liquid film is formed by slit coating, it is dried under heating conditions or ambient temperature to form a film, which promotes the accelerated volatilization of the solvent in the perovskite precursor solution, thereby increasing the saturation of the perovskite material, so that the perovskite precursor solution tends to or is in a saturated state to form a perovskite film. However, the perovskite film formed in this way has small crystalline particles, which easily forms gaps between the perovskite layer and the substrate, and mechanical peeling occurs. The present application cools the coating scraper and the stage so that the solvent can evaporate and crystallize between the coating slurry and the substrate in a low temperature environment, thereby ensuring the crystallization stability between the perovskite layer and the substrate, avoiding problems such as interface gaps, and improving the stability of the film layer.

[0035] The utility model provides a slit coating device, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the slit coating device 100 includes:

[0036] A stage 130, wherein the stage 130 is used to place the object to be coated;

[0037] A first cooling component 140, wherein the first cooling component 140 is disposed on the stage, and the first cooling component 140 is used to cool the object to be coated on the stage 130;

[0038] A coating scraper 110, wherein the coating scraper 110 comprises a first clamping block 111 and a second clamping block 112, wherein a coating slit 113 is formed between the first clamping block 111 and the second clamping block 112;

[0039] The second cooling assembly 120 is disposed on the first clamping block 111 and / or the second clamping block 112 , and the second cooling assembly 120 is used to cool the coating slurry in the coating slit 113 .

[0040] The utility model adds a first cooling component 140 and a second cooling component 120 to cool down the slit coating stage 130 and the coating scraper 110 during the slit coating process, thereby ensuring that the coating slurry is coated and film-formed under low temperature conditions, reducing the solvent evaporation rate of the coating slurry, and ensuring film formation stability.

[0041] In some embodiments, the coating slurry may be a perovskite precursor solution.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first cooling component includes a cooling layer 143, the cooling layer 143 is disposed on a surface of the stage for placing the object to be coated, and the object to be coated is disposed on a surface of the cooling layer 143 facing away from the stage.

[0043] In some embodiments, the cooling layer 143 includes a semiconductor cooling sheet.

[0044] The present application configures the first cooling component as a refrigeration plate to directly cool the object to be coated by refrigeration, and the refrigeration temperature of the refrigeration plate is adjustable, so that the temperature of the object to be coated can be reasonably adjusted according to the environment or the type of coating slurry.

[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the first cooling component 140 includes a first cooler 141 and a first circulation pipe 142, the cooling layer 143 is arranged on the surface of the worktable 130, the object to be coated is placed on the surface of the cooling layer 143, and a liquid storage cavity 144 injected with coolant is arranged in the cooling layer 143, and the first cooler 141 is cyclically connected to the liquid storage cavity 144 through the first circulation pipe 142.

[0046] In some embodiments, the liquid storage chamber 144 is in a cubic structure or a coil structure. Preferably, the coil structure is used. By configuring the liquid storage chamber 144 as a coil structure, the application can increase the residence time of the coolant in the cooling layer 143, improve the utilization rate of the coolant, and improve the temperature uniformity of the cooling layer 143 by adjusting the arrangement of the coils, such as the diameter or spacing of the coils.

[0047] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the second cooling assembly 120 includes a second cooler 121 and a second circulation pipe 122;

[0048] A first cavity 114 filled with coolant is disposed in the first clamping block 111 , and the second cooler 121 is cyclically connected to the first cavity 114 via the second circulation pipe 122 .

[0049] In some embodiments, a second cavity 115 filled with coolant is disposed in the second clamping block 112 , and the second cooler 121 is also cyclically connected to the second cavity 115 via the second circulation pipe 122 .

[0050] In some embodiments, the first cavity 114 and the second cavity 115 are independently in a cubic structure or a coil structure. Preferably, the coil structure is used. The present application increases the residence time of the cooling liquid in the first cavity 114 and the second cavity 115 by setting the first cavity 114 and the second cavity 115 as a coil structure, improves the utilization rate of the cooling liquid, and can improve the temperature uniformity of the first cavity 114 and the second cavity 115 by adjusting the arrangement of the coil, such as the diameter or spacing of the coil.

[0051] In some embodiments, the first cooler 141 and the second cooler 121 independently include a compression refrigerator, an absorption refrigerator, a jet water cooler, an adsorption refrigerator, or a thermoelectric refrigerator.

[0052] In some embodiments, a first temperature sensor is disposed on the first clamping block 111 and / or the second clamping block 112 .

[0053] In some embodiments, a second temperature sensor is disposed on the stage 130 .

[0054] The present application respectively sets temperature sensors on the coating scraper 110 and the stage 130 to detect the temperature of the coating scraper 110 and the stage 130, so that the cooling capacity of the first cooling component 140 and the second cooling component 120 can be adjusted according to the detected temperature to avoid the influence of the film-forming effect on the cooling capacity and the coating slurry.

[0055] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first clamping block 111 and the second clamping block 112 have arc-shaped surfaces on one side for coating the object to be coated. The arc-shaped surfaces are concave inward in the direction away from the object to be coated, and the two ends of the arc-shaped surfaces correspond to the two side edges of the object to be coated along the coating direction.

[0056] The present application sets the spraying side of the coating scraper 110 into an arc-shaped surface structure, so that during the coating process, the middle height of the formed coating liquid layer is greater than the height on both sides. Furthermore, during the static film forming process, the slurry in the middle part of the coating liquid layer can naturally flow to the edge, thereby avoiding a large thickness at the edge of the formed film layer and effectively ensuring the uniformity of the thickness of the formed film layer.

[0057] In some embodiments, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in d, the difference between the center height of the arcuate surface and the heights at both ends of the arcuate surface is less than or equal to 10μm, for example, it can be 0.1μm, 0.5μm, 1μm, 2μm, 3μm, 4μm, 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm or 10μm.

[0058] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with examples. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples that do not specify specific conditions are preferably referred to the instructions given in the present invention, and can also be carried out according to the experimental manuals or conventional conditions in the field, or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer, or with reference to experimental methods known in the art.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] The present embodiment provides a slit coating device 100, comprising a stage 130, wherein the stage 130 is provided with a first cooling component 140, wherein the first cooling component 140 is used to cool the object to be coated on the stage 130, and the first cooling component 140 comprises a semiconductor cooling sheet disposed on the stage 130, and the cooling temperature is 10°C;

[0061] A coating blade 110, wherein the coating blade 110 comprises a first clamping block 111 and a second clamping block 112, wherein a coating slit 113 is formed between the first clamping block 111 and the second clamping block 112, wherein a first cavity 114 is provided in the first clamping block 111, wherein a second cavity 115 is provided in the second clamping block 112, wherein the second cooling assembly 120 comprises a second cooler 121 and a second circulation pipe 122, wherein the first cavity 114 is cyclically connected to the second cooler 121 via the second circulation pipe 122, wherein the second cavity 115 is cyclically connected to the second cooler 121 via the second circulation pipe 122, wherein water is used as a coolant, and the temperature of the cooling water is 10°C;

[0062] Among them, the first clamping block 111 and the second clamping block 112 in the coating scraper 110 have a curved surface on one side close to the object to be coated, and the curved surface is concave inward in the direction away from the object to be coated. The two ends of the curved surface correspond to the two side edges of the object to be coated along the coating direction, and the difference between the center height of the curved surface and the two end heights of the curved surface is 5μm.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] This embodiment provides a slit coating device 100 , which is different from Embodiment 1 only in that the surfaces of the first clamping block 111 and the second clamping block 112 of the coating blade 110 close to the object to be coated are both flat.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] This embodiment provides a slit coating device, which is different from Embodiment 1 only in that the second cooling assembly 120 is not provided.

[0067] The above-mentioned slit coating device is used to coat the perovskite layer to prepare a perovskite solar cell, and the preparation method includes:

[0068] S1. Provide ITO conductive glass with a thickness of 0.7 mm;

[0069] S2, using magnetron sputtering method to prepare NiO with a thickness of 15nm on ITO conductive glass x a first hole transport layer;

[0070] S3, preparing a second hole transport layer with a thickness of 800 nm by slit coating, the material of which is SAM, and the SAM material is Me-4PACz;

[0071] S4, using the above-mentioned slit coating device to prepare a perovskite layer, the material is Cs 0.22 FA 0.78 Pb(I 0.85 Br 0.15 )3 is introduced into the coating blade 110, and a perovskite layer with a thickness of 800 nm is formed on the second hole transport layer at a room temperature of 25°C;

[0072] S5. Forming a C60 electron transport layer with a thickness of 30 nm, a BCP buffer layer with a thickness of 6 nm, and an Ag electrode with a thickness of 150 nm on the perovskite layer by thermal evaporation in sequence.

[0073] The thickness of the perovskite layer prepared above is tested and the performance of the perovskite battery is tested. The testing method includes:

[0074] Thickness detection: The thickness of the perovskite layer was detected using an ellipsometer, and the maximum thickness value and the minimum thickness value were recorded. The test results are shown in Table 1;

[0075] Performance test: Under standard test conditions (AM1.5, 25℃, 1000W / m 2 ), the steady-state test was performed on an IV tester, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0076] Table 1

[0077]

[0078] Table 2

[0079]

[0080] From the above table we can see that:

[0081] (1) Compared with Example 2, it can be seen that the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness in Example 1 are not much different, while the minimum thickness and the maximum thickness in Example 2 are quite different, and it can be clearly observed during the test that the edge thickness in Example 2 is significantly higher than the center thickness; therefore, the present application sets the spraying side of the coating blade 110 into an arc surface structure, so that during the coating process, the middle height of the coating liquid layer formed is greater than the height on both sides, and then during the static film formation process, the slurry in the middle part of the coating liquid layer can naturally flow to the edge, thereby avoiding the edge thickness of the formed film layer being too large, and effectively ensuring the thickness uniformity of the formed film layer.

[0082] (2) Compared with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that the interface contact effect between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer of Example 1 is good, that is, the interface defects are few and the perovskite layer formed has a large crystal size, and has better conversion efficiency. Therefore, the utility model adds a first cooling component 140 and a second cooling component 120 to cool the slit coating stage 130 and the coating blade 110 during the slit coating process, so as to ensure that the coating slurry is coated and filmed under low temperature conditions, reduce the solvent volatilization rate of the coating slurry, and ensure the film formation stability.

[0083] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0084] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A slit coating device, characterized in that: The slit coating device comprises: A stage, the stage being used to place the object to be coated; A first cooling component, the first cooling component is arranged on the stage, and the first cooling component is used to cool the object to be coated on the stage; A coating scraper, the coating scraper comprising a first clamping block and a second clamping block, wherein a coating slit is formed between the first clamping block and the second clamping block; A second cooling assembly is provided on the first clamping block and / or the second clamping block, and is used for cooling the coating slurry in the coating slit.

2. The slit coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cooling component comprises a cooling layer, and the cooling layer is arranged on the surface of the stage for placing the object to be coated, and the object to be coated is placed on the surface of the cooling layer.

3. The slit coating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling layer includes a semiconductor refrigeration sheet.

4. The slit coating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first cooling component includes a first cooler and a first circulation pipe. The cooling layer is arranged on the surface of the worktable. The object to be coated is placed on the surface of the cooling layer. A liquid storage cavity filled with coolant is arranged in the cooling layer. The first cooler is circulatedly connected to the liquid storage cavity through the first circulation pipe.

5. The slit coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cooling assembly includes a second cooler and a second circulation pipe; A first cavity filled with coolant is provided in the first clamping block, and the second cooler is cyclically connected to the first cavity through the second circulation pipe.

6. The slit coating device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second cavity filled with coolant is provided in the second clamping block, and the second cooler is also cyclically connected to the second cavity through the second circulation pipe.

7. The slit coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clamping block and / or the second clamping block is provided with a first temperature sensor, and the first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the slurry in the coating slit.

8. The slit coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stage is provided with a second temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the object to be coated.

9. The slit coating device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first clamping block and the second clamping block have arc-shaped surfaces on one side for coating the object to be coated. The arc-shaped surfaces are concave inwardly in a direction away from the object to be coated, and the two ends of the arc-shaped surfaces correspond to the two side edges of the object to be coated along the coating direction.

10. The slit coating device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The difference between the center height of the arc-shaped surface and the heights of both ends of the arc-shaped surface is less than or equal to 10 μm.

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