Normal-pressure fixed bed gasifier

Abstract

The utility model provides a normal pressure fixed bed gasification furnace, which relates to the technical field of gasification furnaces and comprises an operation panel, a gasification furnace body fixedly mounted at the top of the operation panel, a feed port fixedly mounted at the top of the gasification furnace body, a drying layer arranged on the inner surface wall of the gasification furnace body, a pyrolysis layer arranged at the bottom of the drying layer, and a reduction layer arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis layer. An oxidation layer is arranged at the bottom of the reduction layer, and a gas inlet pipe fixedly penetrates through one side of the outer wall of the gasifier body. According to the gasification furnace disclosed by the utility model, after raw materials enter the gasification furnace and are subjected to various reactions, ash generated by the raw materials falls into the slag discharging box along the slag outlet, and the slag discharging assembly is a spiral feeder under the action of the slag discharging assembly, so that the ash generated in the gasification furnace body can be successively discharged instead of being left in the gasification furnace; and the working efficiency of the gasification furnace is improved, so that the using effect of the gasification furnace is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gasifiers, in particular to a normal pressure fixed bed gasifier. Background Art

[0002] A gasifier is a device used to convert solid fuel into combustible gas. Its function is to convert solid fuel (such as coal, biomass, etc.) into combustible gas (such as synthesis gas, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, etc.) through thermal decomposition, gasification and partial combustion under high temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions. The gasifier is generally composed of a furnace, a feeding device, a combustion device, a gasification agent supply system, a heat transfer device and a gas product processing system.

[0003] In the prior art, when the gasifier is working, the ash generated is accumulated in the gasifier, and the ash cannot be removed in time, resulting in the ash being accumulated in the gasifier for a long time, affecting the working efficiency of the gasifier, thereby reducing the use effect of the gasifier. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model mainly provides a normal pressure fixed bed gasifier which has the function of slag discharge and improves the working efficiency of the gasifier.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a normal pressure fixed bed gasifier, comprising an operating panel, a gasifier body is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel, a feed port is fixedly installed on the top of the gasifier body, a drying layer is arranged on the inner surface wall of the gasifier body, a pyrolysis layer is arranged at the bottom of the drying layer, a reduction layer is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis layer, an oxidation layer is arranged at the bottom of the reduction layer, an air inlet pipe is fixedly penetrated through one side of the outer wall of the gasifier body, a valve is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe, a slag outlet is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the gasifier body, a slag outlet box is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slag outlet, and a slag outlet assembly is arranged on the inner surface wall of the slag outlet box.

[0006] Preferably, a feeding system is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel, and one side of the outer wall of the feeding system is fixedly connected to the top of the feed port, wherein the feeding system adopts a screw feeder to deliver the material to the top of the gasifier and enter the gasifier body along the feed port, thereby improving the feeding effect and being able to feed different materials.

[0007] Preferably, a controller is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel, and a fuel gas inlet pipe is fixedly penetrated on one side of the outer wall of the gasification furnace body, wherein the controller is selected as PLC, which realizes automatic control and fault monitoring by monitoring the boiler steam pressure, boiler temperature, pressure of each pipeline, reaction temperature in the furnace, silo and material level in the furnace, and then executing frequency conversion of the feeding system, blower, grate and ash removal, etc.

[0008] Preferably, a flue gas purification system is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel, and the output end of the fuel gas inlet pipe is connected to the interior of the flue gas purification system, wherein the flue gas purification system adopts a cyclone dust collector to purify other impurities in the fuel gas to ensure that clean fuel gas enters downstream equipment.

[0009] Preferably, an alarm is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer wall of the flue gas purification system, and one side of the outer wall of the controller is electrically connected to the outer wall of the alarm, wherein the alarm is controlled by the controller and is mainly a water-sealed explosion-proof device to prevent gas explosion.

[0010] Preferably, an air distribution system is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel, a gas outlet pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the flue gas purification system, and the output end of the gas outlet pipe is connected with the interior of the air distribution system. The purified gas is blown into the boiler body through the air distribution system, thereby improving the effect of using the gas for the boiler body.

[0011] Preferably, a water seal valve is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the gas outlet pipe, and a boiler body is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel. The water seal valve ensures that gas will not leak on the gas outlet pipe, thereby improving the use effect of the equipment.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the utility model are:

[0013] 1. In the utility model, when the raw material enters the gasifier body along the feed port, and at the same time the gasifying agent enters the gasifier body along the air inlet pipe, the biomass raw material is converted into combustible gas through the action of the drying layer, the pyrolysis layer, the reduction layer and the oxidation layer, and is discharged into the flue gas purification system along the combustion air inlet pipe, and the ash generated falls into the slag box along the slag outlet, and then through the action of the slag discharge component, which is a screw feeder, the ash generated in the gasifier body can be discharged one by one instead of being left in the gasifier, thereby improving the working efficiency of the gasifier and thus improving the use effect of the gasifier.

[0014] 2. In the utility model, through the function of the feeding system, it is convenient to feed different materials into the feeding port on the top of the gasifier, and then through the functions of the controller, alarm and water seal valve, automatic control and fault monitoring of the equipment can be realized, that is, the degree of automation is high, and the gas leakage in the gas outlet pipe is prevented, and the utility model has safe operation, thereby further improving the use effect of the atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a normal pressure fixed bed gasifier proposed for the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2This is a front view of a normal pressure fixed bed gasifier proposed by the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a partial disassembled diagram of the atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier proposed in the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a partial rear view of the atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier proposed by the utility model.

[0019] Legend:

[0020] 1. Operation panel; 2. Gasifier body; 3. Feed inlet; 4. Drying layer; 5. Pyrolysis layer; 6. Reduction layer; 7. Oxidation layer; 8. Inlet pipe; 9. Valve; 10. Slag outlet; 11. Slag box; 12. Slag assembly; 13. Feeding system; 14. Controller; 15. Gas inlet pipe; 16. Flue gas purification system; 17. Alarm; 18. Air distribution system; 19. Gas outlet pipe; 20. Water seal valve; 21. Boiler body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the utility model, the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0022] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the following disclosure.

[0023] See also Figure 1-4 The utility model provides a technical solution: a fixed-bed gasifier at normal pressure, comprising an operating panel 1, a gasifier body 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel 1, a feed port 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the gasifier body 2, a drying layer 4 is arranged on the inner surface wall of the gasifier body 2, a pyrolysis layer 5 is arranged at the bottom of the drying layer 4, a reduction layer 6 is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis layer 5, an oxidation layer 7 is arranged at the bottom of the reduction layer 6, an air inlet pipe 8 is fixedly penetrated on one side of the outer wall of the gasifier body 2, a valve 9 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 8, a slag outlet 10 is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the gasifier body 2, a slag outlet box 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slag outlet 10, and a slag outlet assembly 12 is arranged on the inner surface wall of the slag outlet box 11.

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, a feeding system 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel 1, and one side of the outer wall of the feeding system 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the feed port 3, wherein the feeding system 13 adopts a screw feeder to deliver the material to the top of the gasifier and enter the gasifier body 2 along the feed port 3, thereby improving the feeding effect and being able to feed different materials.

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a controller 14 is fixedly installed on the top of the operation panel 1, and a fuel gas inlet pipe 15 is fixedly penetrated on one side of the outer wall of the gasifier body 2, wherein the controller 14 selects PLC, and realizes automatic control and fault monitoring by monitoring the boiler steam pressure, boiler temperature, pressure of each pipeline, reaction temperature in the furnace, silo and material level in the furnace, and then executing frequency conversion of the feeding system 13, blower frequency conversion, grate frequency conversion, ash discharge frequency conversion, etc.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a flue gas purification system 16 is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel 1, and the output end of the gas inlet pipe 15 is connected to the interior of the flue gas purification system 16, wherein the flue gas purification system 16 adopts a cyclone dust collector to purify other impurities in the processed gas to ensure that clean gas enters the downstream equipment.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an alarm 17 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the flue gas purification system 16, and one side of the outer wall of the controller 14 is electrically connected to the outer wall of the alarm 17, wherein the alarm 17 is controlled by the controller 14 and is mainly a water-sealed explosion-proof device to prevent gas explosion.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an air distribution system 18 is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel 1, and a gas outlet pipe 19 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer wall of the flue gas purification system 16, and the output end of the gas outlet pipe 19 is connected to the interior of the air distribution system 18. The purified gas is blown into the boiler body 21 through the air distribution system 18, thereby improving the effect of using the gas in the boiler body 21.

[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a water seal valve 20 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the gas outlet pipe 19, and a boiler body 21 is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel 1. The water seal valve 20 ensures that the gas will not leak on the gas outlet pipe 19, thereby improving the use effect of the equipment.

[0030] The method of use and working principle of this device are as follows: First, the raw materials are added from the feed port 3 at the top of the gasifier through the feeding system 13, and the gasifying agent enters from the air inlet pipe 8 at the bottom of the grate. The amount of inlet and outlet can be controlled by the valve 9. Then, through the action of the drying layer 4, the sensible heat of the fuel gas is absorbed and dehydrated, so that the temperature of the fuel gas is reduced to 100-300°C. Then, through the action of the pyrolysis layer 5, the dried biomass is further heated and thermally decomposed, and a large amount of volatile matter in the raw materials is precipitated, and the residual carbon produced by the pyrolysis enters the reduction layer 6 below. The residual carbon reacts with the carbon dioxide and water vapor produced by the lower oxidation layer 7 to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen. There is almost no oxygen in this layer, and as the reaction proceeds, the temperature continues to decrease. The residual carbon after the reaction reacts strongly with the gasifying agent introduced from the bottom to generate carbon dioxide and water vapor, so that the temperature The temperature rises rapidly to above 1000°C, and the heat released provides energy for the reactions in other layers. Finally, the ash and slag are dropped into the slag box 11 along the slag outlet 10, and are discharged through the slag discharge assembly 12, that is, through the screw feeder, to prevent the ash and slag from accumulating in the gasifier and affecting the working effect of the gasifier. Then, the generated gas enters the flue gas purification system 16 along the gas inlet pipe 15, and is purified by the cyclone dust collector to ensure the purity of the gas. Then, along the gas outlet pipe 19, and through the air distribution system 18, the gas can be used in the boiler body 21, and under the action of the water seal valve 20, gas leakage is prevented. The whole process is monitored and automatically controlled by the controller 14, with a high degree of automation, can be applied to different biomass raw materials, and has no pollution emissions, thereby improving the use effect of the atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed-bed gasifier at atmospheric pressure, comprising an operating panel (1), Features: A gasifier body (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the operating panel (1), a feed port (3) is fixedly mounted on the top of the gasifier body (2), a drying layer (4) is arranged on the inner surface wall of the gasifier body (2), a pyrolysis layer (5) is arranged on the bottom of the drying layer (4), a reduction layer (6) is arranged on the bottom of the pyrolysis layer (5), an oxidation layer (7) is arranged on the bottom of the reduction layer (6), an air inlet pipe (8) is fixedly penetrated through one side of the outer wall of the gasifier body (2), a valve (9) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface wall of the air inlet pipe (8), a slag outlet (10) is provided on the bottom of the inner wall of the gasifier body (2), a slag outlet box (11) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slag outlet (10), and a slag outlet assembly (12) is arranged on the inner surface wall of the slag outlet box (11).

2. The atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier according to claim 1, Features: A feeding system (13) is fixedly mounted on the top of the operating panel (1), and one side of the outer wall of the feeding system (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the feed port (3).

3. The atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier according to claim 2, Features: A controller (14) is fixedly mounted on the top of the operating panel (1), and a fuel gas inlet pipe (15) is fixedly penetrated through one side of the outer wall of the gasification furnace body (2).

4. The atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier according to claim 3, Features: A flue gas purification system (16) is fixedly installed on the top of the operating panel (1), and the output end of the fuel gas inlet pipe (15) is connected to the inside of the flue gas purification system (16).

5. The atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier according to claim 4, Features: An alarm (17) is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer wall of the flue gas purification system (16), and one side of the outer wall of the controller (14) is electrically connected to the outer wall of the alarm (17).

6. The atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier according to claim 5, Features: An air distribution system (18) is fixedly mounted on the top of the operating panel (1), a gas outlet pipe (19) is fixedly mounted on one side of the outer wall of the flue gas purification system (16), and an output end of the gas outlet pipe (19) is connected to the interior of the air distribution system (18).

7. The atmospheric pressure fixed bed gasifier according to claim 6, Features: A water seal valve (20) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the gas outlet pipe (19), and a boiler body (21) is fixedly mounted on the top of the operating panel (1).

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