Pre-constraint block column

Abstract

A pre-constraint block column comprises a block, a constraint cage, a polymer and a column steel bar. The constraint cage comprises a cage frame and constraint cage holes; the block material is arranged in the constraint cage to form a pre-constraint block material; the column reinforcements comprise column longitudinal reinforcements and column transverse reinforcements; the column transverse reinforcements are arranged at intervals along the column longitudinal reinforcements to form a column reinforcement cage; the pre-constraint block material is surrounded by the column reinforcement cage; the polymer fills the gaps in the pre-confinement block; the polymer wraps the column reinforcement cage and fills a gap between the pre-constraint block and the column reinforcement cage; and polymers are arranged at the holes of the restraint cage, so that the polymers in the restraint cage and the polymers outside the restraint cage are connected into a whole. According to the utility model, the block and the polymer are arranged in the constraint cage to form a pre-constraint block polymer, so that excessive crushing of the block is reduced, and energy consumption and pollution are reduced; the combined action of the block and the polymer is enhanced, and the bearing capacity and ductility of the pre-restrained block column are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of structural columns, in particular to a pre-constrained block column. Background Art

[0002] In construction projects, structural columns are often used in frame columns, bridge pier columns, etc. Structural columns are important components of building structures and bridges. They not only bear vertical loads, but also bear horizontal forces transmitted from beams and slabs under earthquakes and wind. Structural columns often use reinforced concrete columns, which are composed of concrete and steel bars. This requires a large amount of stone, sand, and cement materials. According to statistics, construction stone accounts for nearly 1 / 2 of the mass of concrete in my country, and its use is widespread in many industries such as construction, transportation, and railways. It is estimated that the annual amount of stone used in construction in the country is about more than 4 billion tons, which is the material that consumes the most natural resources. At present, natural sand and gravel that meet the requirements of reinforced concrete structures can no longer meet the needs of engineering. In actual engineering, a large amount of machine-made sand and machine-made stone are used. Natural stones are usually processed by equipment such as vibrating feeders, jaw crushers, sand making machines, vibrating screens, and belt conveyors to crush natural stones into small-size gravel or sand. This process requires high consumption of electricity, transportation, and labor, and produces a lot of dust. This puts great pressure on our resources and environment. How to reduce the use of cement, small-size sand and stone in structural columns is of great significance to my country's engineering construction and energy conservation and environmental protection. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a pre-constrained block column that can be used for columns of house buildings and bridge piers, solving the problem of excessive cement, small-grained sand and stone in structural columns, and solving the problem of coordinated force between block materials, steel bars and polymers. The utility model effectively reduces the amount of cement, small-grained sand and stone, reduces hydration heat and dust by pre-constraining block materials built into structural columns; improves the connection and force between block materials and polymers by restraining cages, and realizes the mechanical properties of the column. This technology has the advantages of reliable performance, simple structure, fast construction, and green environmental protection.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A pre-constrained block column comprises a pre-constrained block, a polymer and a column reinforcement; the pre-constrained block comprises a block and a restraint cage; the block is built in the restraint cage; the restraint cage is a restraint reinforcement cage or a grid cage; the restraint cage comprises a cage frame and restraint cage holes; the restraint cage is closed at the bottom end or at both ends; the column reinforcement comprises a column longitudinal reinforcement and a column transverse reinforcement; the column transverse reinforcement is arranged at intervals along the column longitudinal reinforcement to form a column reinforcement cage; the pre-constrained block is surrounded by the column reinforcement cage; the polymer fills the gap in the pre-constrained block; the polymer wraps the column reinforcement cage and fills the gap between the pre-constrained block and the column reinforcement cage.

[0006] Preferably, the size of the holes in the constraining cage is smaller than the size of the block material therein; the cage frame includes a side wall frame and an end closure member; the end closure member is formed by extending the side wall frame or is a dedicated end closure member.

[0007] Preferably, the cage frame of the restraining rib cage is composed of restraining ribs; the restraining ribs are steel bars or steel wires or FRP bars; and the cage frame of the grid cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes.

[0008] Preferably, the cage has a plurality of sub-spaces; the sub-spaces are independent of each other and contain blocks of materials.

[0009] Preferably, the subspaces are formed by dividing the cage frame by block material separators; the block material separators are composed of steel mesh or perforated steel plates, and are fixedly connected to the side wall frames; the gaps in the steel mesh are smaller than the size of the block material; the hole size of the perforated steel plate is smaller than the size of the block material; the block material separators are arranged longitudinally and / or transversely and / or vertically.

[0010] Preferably, there are a plurality of pre-constrained blocks; the polymer fills the gaps between the pre-constrained blocks.

[0011] Preferably, the pre-constrained block column has one or more empty hoop areas; there is no column transverse reinforcement in the empty hoop area; the pre-constrained block is located in the empty hoop area of ​​the column and is filled with a polymer.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following characteristics and beneficial effects.

[0013] 1. The contact mode and contact area of ​​the blocks during construction are effectively controlled by the restraint cage, so that the polymer can effectively fill the gaps between the blocks, effectively reduce quality defects, improve construction quality, and achieve structural safety.

[0014] 2. By placing blocks inside the columns, the amount of cement, sand and stone used can be reduced, the hydration heat of large columns can be reduced during construction, and energy conservation and emission reduction can be achieved.

[0015] 3. The block materials and polymers are constrained by the constraint cage inside the column to form constrained block polymers, thereby improving the strength and ductility of the combination of block materials and polymers and achieving the mechanical properties of pre-constrained block columns.

[0016] 4. Pre-constrained blocks can be pre-processed in whole or in part, with high construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical section of the pre-constrained block column.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse section of the pre-constrained block column.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the pre-constrained block 9.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a pre-constrained block 9 with a spacer 7 Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a pre-constrained block 9 with a spacer 7 Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a pre-constrained block column having a plurality of pre-constrained blocks 9 and positioning members 8.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-constrained block column having a plurality of pre-constrained blocks 9 and positioning members 8.

[0025] Figure numerals: 1-block, 2-restraint cage, 2.1-cage frame, 2.1.1-side wall frame, 2.1.2-end closure, 2.2-restraint cage hole, 3-polymer, 4-restraint reinforcement, 4.1-vertical reinforcement, 4.2-transverse reinforcement, 4.3-diagonal reinforcement, 5-column reinforcement, 5.1-column longitudinal reinforcement, 5.2-column transverse reinforcement, 6-column reinforcement cage, 7-block spacers, 8-positioning pieces, 9-pre-restraint blocks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to better understand the purpose, technical solution and function of the utility model, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model, but are not intended to limit the utility model.

[0027] In the description of the present utility model, it is to be understood that the terms "include / comprise", "consist of..." or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product, device, process or method including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed when necessary, or also includes elements inherent to such product, device, process or method. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentences "include / comprise..." and "consist of..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product, device, process or method including the elements.

[0028] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "fixed connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a sleeve connection, a lap joint, a welding connection, a bolt connection, or a combination of the above connections; the terms "installation", "connection", "connected" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components; the term "through-length steel bar" means that the steel bar is continuous without disconnection, or the steel bar is disconnected but the disconnected steel bars are fixedly connected. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] It should also be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" to indicate directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] The following is a detailed description of the implementation of the present invention using preferred implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a pre-constrained block column includes a pre-constrained block 9, a polymer 3 and a column reinforcement 5; the pre-constrained block 9 includes a block 1 and a restraining cage 2; the block 1 is built in the restraining cage 2; the restraining cage 2 is a restraining bar cage or a mesh cage; the restraining cage 2 includes a cage frame 2.1 and restraining cage holes 2.2; the restraining cage 2 is closed at the bottom end or both ends; the column reinforcement 5 includes a column longitudinal reinforcement 5.1 and a column transverse reinforcement 5.2; the column transverse reinforcement 5.2 is arranged at intervals along the column longitudinal reinforcement 5.1 to form a column reinforcement cage 6; the pre-constrained block 9 is surrounded by the column reinforcement cage 6; the polymer 3 fills the gap in the pre-constrained block 9; the polymer 3 wraps the column reinforcement cage 6 and fills the gap between the pre-constrained block 9 and the column reinforcement cage 6.

[0032] Since the utility model uses a block material 1 with a larger particle size in the pre-constrained block column, compared with ordinary concrete columns, the amount of cement and small-particle sand and gravel in the column can be effectively reduced, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. When the sand and gravel in the column uses artificial graded sand and gravel, the pre-constrained block column can further reduce the high energy consumption and high dust caused by artificial graded sand and gravel.

[0033] Due to the presence of block material 1, the shrinkage creep of pre-constrained block material column is smaller than that of ordinary concrete column, thus avoiding the defect that ordinary concrete is prone to cracks during large-volume construction. Block material 1 can greatly reduce the amount of cement used and reduce the hydration heat during construction. For large-volume concrete, hydration heat will cause concrete cracking, resulting in a decrease in mechanical properties such as concrete compression resistance, and reducing the service life of column components. For pre-constrained block material columns, hydration heat can be reduced, and block material 1 can effectively absorb the hydration heat generated by the surrounding polymer 3, reduce the temperature difference with the surrounding area, and effectively avoid the hydration heat generated by the temperature difference.

[0034] The pre-constrained block column constrains the block 1 in the cage and the polymer 3 in the constraint cage through the constraint cage 2 in the column, thereby improving the strength and ductility of the combination of the block 1 and the polymer 3 in the constraint cage, and forming a block polymer with a constraint effect; the constraint cage 2 simultaneously connects the polymer 3 in the constraint cage and the polymer 3 outside the constraint cage, and there is polymer 3 at the constraint cage hole 2.2, so that the polymer 3 in the constraint cage 2 and the polymer 3 outside the constraint cage 2 are connected as a whole; the constraint cage 2 increases the reinforcement content of the pre-constrained block column, and as a block polymer with a constraint effect, it bears the corresponding force, so that the polymer 3 and the constraint cage 2 and the steel bars of the pre-constrained block column are subjected to force together, thereby realizing the overall mechanical properties of the pre-constrained block column.

[0035] Moreover, during construction, the block material 1 is placed in the constraint cage 2 to form a pre-constrained block material 9, and multiple blocks can be hoisted and transported at one time, thereby improving construction efficiency; the constraint cage 2 can control the contact mode, contact area and shape of the block material 1 during construction, so that the polymer 3 can effectively fill the gaps between the blocks 1, effectively reduce quality defects, improve construction quality, and achieve structural safety.

[0036] In the utility model, the block material 1 can be a stone, a reinforced concrete block, a concrete block or a cement mortar block; the polymer 3 is cement paste, cement mortar or concrete; the size of the constraint cage hole 2.2 is smaller than the size of the block material 1 at that location, which can prevent the block material 1 from falling off from the constraint cage 2 during construction; the cage frame 2.1 includes a side wall frame 2.1.1 and an end closure 2.1.2; the end closure 2.1.2 is formed by extending the side wall frame 2.1.1 or is a dedicated end closure 2.1.2; the dedicated end closure 2.1.2 and the side wall frame 2 .1.1 are connected as a whole; there is a polymer 3 at the constraint cage hole 2.2, so that the polymer 3 in the constraint cage 2 and the polymer 3 outside the constraint cage 2 are connected as a whole; the cage frame 2.1 can fix the position of the block 1, and the end closure 2.1.2 can close the cage frame 2.1 to prevent the block 1 from falling off from the end; the end closure 2.1.2 is formed by extending the side wall frame 2.1.1, and the two are integrated, which is beneficial to improving the strength and ductility of the pre-constrained block 9; the special end closure 2.1.2 and the side wall frame 2.1.1 are combined for easy production.

[0037] Block material 1 and polymer 3 do not undergo chemical reactions that reduce strength or durability; the surface of block material 1 is a rough surface; the rough surface of block material 1 is tightly bonded to polymer 3. The particle size of the block material is 60mm to 400mm (small block material, including 400mm); 400mm to 800mm (medium block material, including 800mm); 800mm to 2000mm (large block material); large block material is used for large-section columns (columns with a cross-sectional size greater than 1500m), medium block material can be used for large-section columns and medium-section columns (columns of 800 to 1500mm, including 1500mm), and small block material can be used for columns of various sections. Reasonable configuration of blocks of different particle sizes and columns of corresponding sections is conducive to improving the bearing capacity of the column.

[0038] The mud content of the block is less than 0.7%, and it is not allowed to be concentrated in a few areas. The difference between the block particle size and the average block particle size is not more than 30% of the average particle size. The small difference in block particle size makes it easier to control the contact mode between blocks or reduce their contact area.

[0039] In the utility model, Figure 3 As shown, the cage frame 2.1 of the restraining bar cage is composed of restraining bars 4; the restraining bars 4 are steel bars or steel wires or FRP bars; the cage frame 2.1 of the grid cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes; the restraining bars 4 of the restraining bar cage include vertical bars 4.1, transverse bars 4.2 and / or oblique bars 4.3; the end closures 2.1.2 of the restraining bar cage are formed by fixed connection or bending of the vertical bars 4.1 or the oblique bars 4.3 at the ends or are independent end closures 2.1.2; the independent end closures 2.1.2 are fixedly connected to the vertical bars 4.1 or the oblique bars 4.3; the fixed connection method is bolting, welding or binding connection.

[0040] The shape of the restraining cage 2 can be cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, etc.

[0041] The block material 1 is a stone; the strength of the stone used in the block material 1 is not less than 60Mpa, which is beneficial to improving the bearing capacity of the column and realizing a strong column and a weak beam.

[0042] Polymer 3 is high-flow concrete, which includes self-compacting concrete and high-flow concrete. High-flow concrete requires sufficient powder content, and the coarse aggregate can be 5-15mm or 5-25mm in particle size. High-flow concrete is more conducive to filling the gaps between blocks and ensuring the overall compactness of the pre-constrained block column.

[0043] The cage 2.1 is made of steel, and the strength of the steel is not less than 300Mpa; the volume ratio of the block 1 to the constraint cage 2 is 5% to 75%; the volume ratio of the block 1 to the polymer 3 is 5% to 300%; the volume ratio of the cage 2.1 to the constraint cage 2 is 0.05% to 4%. This can improve the strength and ductility of the pre-constrained block column.

[0044] In the utility model, Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the cage 2.1 of the pre-constrained block column is divided into a plurality of sub-spaces. The sub-spaces are independent of each other and contain blocks 1. The sub-spaces are formed by the cage 2.1 being divided by block spacers 7 or external constraints or welds or constraint ribs 4; or the lateral connectors are hooped together by external constraint ribs to form a plurality of sub-spaces.

[0045] The multiple subspaces divide the block material into multiple parts, which can increase the bonding strength and ductility between the block material 1 and the polymer 3 and facilitate production and transportation.

[0046] The block spacer 7 is composed of a steel mesh or a perforated steel plate, and is fixedly connected to the side wall frame 2.1.1; the gaps in the steel mesh are smaller than the size of the block 1; the hole size of the perforated steel plate is smaller than the size of the block 1; the block spacer 7 is arranged longitudinally and / or transversely and / or vertically.

[0047] In the utility model, Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, there are multiple pre-constrained blocks 9 in the pre-constrained block column; positioning pieces 8 are set between the pre-constrained blocks 9; the pre-constrained block column has one or more empty hoop areas; there are no column transverse reinforcements 5.2 in the empty hoop areas; the pre-constrained blocks 9 are located in the column empty hoop areas, and the polymer 3 fills the gaps between the pre-constrained blocks 9.

[0048] A plurality of pre-constrained blocks 9 can reduce the amount of polymer 3 used, and the positioning member 8 can effectively fix the pre-constrained blocks 9 to prevent or reduce adverse effects such as displacement or tilting caused by pouring the polymer 3 during construction.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-constrained block column, characterized in that: The pre-constrained block column comprises a pre-constrained block (9), a polymer (3) and a column reinforcement (5); the pre-constrained block (9) comprises a block (1) and a restraining cage (2); the block (1) is built in the restraining cage (2); the restraining cage (2) is a restraining bar cage or a grid cage; the restraining cage (2) comprises a cage frame (2.1) and restraining cage holes (2.2); the restraining cage (2) is closed at the bottom end or at both ends; the column reinforcement (5) comprises a column longitudinal reinforcement (5.1) and a column transverse reinforcement (5.2); the column transverse reinforcement (5.2) is arranged at intervals along the column longitudinal reinforcement (5.1) to form a column reinforcement cage (6); the pre-constrained block (9) is surrounded by the column reinforcement cage (6); the polymer (3) fills the gap in the pre-constrained block (9); the polymer (3) wraps the column reinforcement cage (6) and fills the gap between the pre-constrained block (9) and the column reinforcement cage (6).

2. The pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the constraint cage hole (2.2) is smaller than the size of the block material (1) at that location; the cage frame (2.1) comprises a side wall frame (2.1.1) and an end closure member (2.1.2); the end closure member (2.1.2) is formed by extending the side wall frame (2.1.1) or is a dedicated end closure member (2.1.2).

3. The pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cage frame (2.1) of the restraining rib cage is composed of restraining ribs (4); the restraining ribs (4) are steel bars or steel wires or FRP bars; the cage frame (2.1) of the grid cage is composed of metal mesh or steel plates with holes.

4. The pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cage (2.1) has a plurality of sub-spaces; the sub-spaces are independent of each other and contain block materials (1).

5. The pre-constrained block column according to claim 4, characterized in that: The subspace is formed by dividing the cage frame (2.1) by the block material separator (7); the block material separator (7) is composed of a steel mesh or a perforated steel plate, and is fixedly connected to the side wall frame (2.1.1); the gap of the steel mesh is smaller than the size of the block material (1); the hole size of the perforated steel plate is smaller than the size of the block material (1); the block material separator (7) is arranged longitudinally and / or transversely and / or vertically.

6. The pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of pre-constrained blocks (9); the polymer (3) fills the gaps between the pre-constrained blocks (9).

7. The pre-constrained block column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-constrained block column has one or more empty hoop areas; there is no column transverse reinforcement (5.2) in the empty hoop area; the pre-constrained block (9) is located in the column empty hoop area and is filled with a polymer (3).

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