Reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a monitoring and early warning device for a reservoir dam. The monitoring and early warning device comprises a mobile main body, a monitoring assembly, a controller and an online alarm, the movable main body can move on the dam crest in a reciprocating manner; the monitoring assembly comprises a rain gauge, a water level gauge, a flow meter and a camera which are all mounted on the mobile main body and are in signal connection with the input end of the controller; the on-line alarm is in signal connection with the output end of the controller, and the output end of the on-line alarm is in wireless communication connection with the background control terminal so as to inform associated county, town and village flood control management departments and operators on duty in the modes of short messages, early warning devices and the like, and carry out on-line alarm. According to the reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device designed by the utility model, forecasting and monitoring of water and rain conditions and an automatic early warning and forecasting mechanism can be combined, the forecast period and accuracy of mountain torrent disaster monitoring can be enhanced, early warning can be carried out on related regional departments in time, and personnel evacuation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of monitoring and early warning, and more specifically to a reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device. Background Art

[0002] A dam is a necessary special building in a reservoir hydropower station. Its safety characteristics are completely different from those of ordinary houses and other buildings. While enjoying the economic benefits brought by the reservoir hydropower station, the safety issues of the dam cannot be ignored.

[0003] At present, most reservoir dams are equipped with dam safety monitoring facilities. Various monitoring terminals are installed at the dam to obtain various parameters of the dam and then provide dam safety warnings. However, the existing dam safety warning system has the following problems:

[0004] 1) Most existing dam safety early warning systems determine whether a dam is safe by monitoring a single parameter of the dam itself. The accuracy of flash flood disaster monitoring is not enough, resulting in false alarms;

[0005] 2) Existing early warning systems usually use radio for broadcasting, which has a fast sound transmission rate and can be broadcast to specific areas. However, the noise around the dam reservoir may interfere with the sound transmission of the radio, which may easily cause personnel to miss the early warning, resulting in slow processing of disaster information and thus danger;

[0006] 3) The dam early warning systems of various reservoirs are independent of each other, and the flood discharge standards of various dams are also different. For areas where reservoir dams are concentrated, there are mostly overlapping parts downstream of different reservoir dams. When flood discharge or mountain torrents come, unified dispatch and early warning cannot be achieved, which seriously reduces the level of safety management and work efficiency.

[0007] Therefore, how to provide a reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device that can combine water and rainfall forecasting, monitoring, and an automated early warning and forecasting mechanism to enhance the foreseeable period and accuracy of flash flood disaster monitoring; and can timely issue early warnings to relevant regional departments to facilitate the evacuation of personnel is an issue that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of this, the utility model provides a reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device, which can combine water and rainfall forecasting and monitoring with an automated early warning and forecasting mechanism to enhance the foresight and accuracy of flash flood disaster monitoring, and can promptly issue early warnings to relevant regional departments to facilitate personnel evacuation.

[0009] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device, comprising: a mobile body, a monitoring component, a controller and an alarm;

[0011] The mobile body can move back and forth on the dam top;

[0012] The monitoring components include a rain gauge for monitoring rainfall data, a water level gauge for monitoring water level data at different locations of the reservoir, a flow meter for monitoring flow velocity data of the reservoir, and a camera for taking images of the river floodplain on both sides of the reservoir. The rain gauge, water level gauge, flow meter and camera are all installed on the mobile body and are all connected to the input terminal signal of the controller;

[0013] The alarm is connected to the output signal of the controller.

[0014] Through the above technical scheme, the utility model provides a reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device, which uses a rain gauge, a water level meter, a flow meter and a camera to perform real-time, mobile monitoring of multiple hydrological information around the reservoir and transmit them to a controller, and analyzes multiple hydrological information through the controller. When the controller analyzes that the rainfall and rainfall duration recorded by the rain gauge signal recorder reach a preset threshold; the water level data transmitted by the water level meter receiver reaches a preset height threshold; the flow rate data transmitted by the flow meter receiver reaches a preset threshold; when the river floodplain inundation image uploaded by the camera is consistent with the river floodplain inundation image during mountain torrents in previous years, it is determined that a mountain torrent has occurred, and the controller outputs an alarm signal to the alarm for early warning; it can give an early warning in time when a mountain torrent disaster occurs, strengthens the foresight period and accuracy of mountain torrent disaster monitoring, solves the problem of single monitoring elements and false alarms of the original monitoring equipment on the dam, and ensures the safety of life and property of the reservoir and downstream people.

[0015] Furthermore, the controller can use the third-generation water conservancy AI terminal.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a background control terminal, the alarm is an online alarm and its input end is electrically connected to the output end of the controller; the background control terminal is wirelessly connected to the output end of the online alarm.

[0017] Furthermore, the online alarm can be a structure that can realize its function, such as a text message alarm, which can notify the relevant county, township, and village flood control management departments and on-duty personnel through text messages, early warning devices, etc., implement online alarms, and by warning the departments related to the reservoirs and dams, unified warnings can also be given for the relevant reservoirs and dams in the overlapping parts downstream, which is convenient for the relevant flood control management departments to understand the mountain torrent disaster situation in the overall area, arrange and dispatch reasonably, and improve the safety management level and work efficiency.

[0018] Furthermore, an offline alarm is also included, which includes an indicator light and a speaker, which are respectively fixed to the outer wall of the mobile body and are respectively connected to the output signal of the controller. When the controller outputs an alarm signal, the indicator light flashes and the speaker plays a preset content, so that a timely on-site early warning can be carried out.

[0019] The use of the above technical solution can provide timely on-site warning and online alarm when flash floods occur, and multi-layered early warning guarantees improve the intensity of early warning and facilitate the evacuation of personnel.

[0020] Preferably, the mobile body includes a shell, a plurality of wheels and a driving motor, wherein the plurality of wheels are rotatably connected to the bottom end of the shell; the input end of the driving motor is connected to the controller signal, and the output end thereof is transmission-connected to the wheels.

[0021] Furthermore, wheels are arranged around the bottom of the housing, and the wheels are made of rubber or stainless steel. Two sets of drive motors can be arranged, and the two sets of drive motors are arranged at the bottom of the housing to drive the front wheels to turn and the rear wheels to rotate, respectively, so as to realize the driving of the housing in four directions, front, back, left, right, and at different speeds.

[0022] Preferably, it further comprises a plurality of obstacle avoidance sensors, which are respectively fixed to the side walls of the housing in various directions and are all connected to the controller signal. The controller controls the driving motor to work by receiving the signal output by the obstacle avoidance sensor to avoid the mobile body from colliding with sudden obstacles.

[0023] Furthermore, the obstacle avoidance sensor is an infrared obstacle avoidance sensor, which includes a transmitter and a receiver. During the movement of the mobile body, the transmitter will send an infrared signal to the surroundings. If there are obstacles around, the obstacles will reflect part of the infrared signal back to the receiver.

[0024] Furthermore, the desired obstacle avoidance effect can be achieved by adjusting the distance between the transmitter and the receiver, and by increasing or decreasing the transmission power of the sensor to control the sensitivity and detection range of the receiver.

[0025] Preferably, a path planner is further included, and the path planner is connected to the controller by signal. The controller controls the driving motor to work according to the travel path preset by the path planner, so that the mobile body can perform precise cyclic reciprocating global mobile monitoring operations on the dam top.

[0026] Furthermore, the path planner generates a global map based on the terrain of the working bridge or traffic bridge on the top of the reservoir dam; considering the maximum speed, maximum acceleration, turning radius and other constraints of the moving subject, and combining the kinematic characteristics, a path that fits the actual motion characteristics of the moving subject is generated, thereby achieving smoother and safer path planning.

[0027] Furthermore, the path planner can use the D*_lite algorithm: first reverse search in a given map set and find an optimal path. In the process of approaching the target point, it responds to the appearance of dynamic obstacles by searching in a local range. The advantage of the incremental algorithm is that the path search for each point has been completed. When an obstacle point is encountered and it is impossible to continue to approach it according to the original path, the data of the incremental search is reused to directly re-plan an optimal path at the current obstructed position, and then continue to move forward.

[0028] Preferably, the rain gauge is fixed on the top of the housing. The remote rain gauge, which is composed of a sensor and a signal recorder, can accurately measure parameters such as rainfall, rainfall intensity, rainfall start and end time, etc. The signal recorder is wirelessly connected to the microprocessor to view real-time rainfall data.

[0029] Furthermore, the rain gauge may be a tipping bucket rain gauge.

[0030] Preferably, it also includes an extension piece, one end of which is rotatably connected to the top of the shell, and the other end of which extends to the outside of the top surface of the shell and is fixedly connected to the water level meter to ensure that the radar wave of the water level meter covers the water surface.

[0031] Furthermore, the water level meter is a radar water level meter and is perpendicular to the water surface. The model can be AD110C / AD110D 26GHz high frequency radar level meter. When the mobile body moves on the dam top, the radar water level sensor antenna of the radar water level meter transmits radar pulses, and the antenna receives the pulses reflected from the water surface and records the time T. Since the propagation speed C of the electromagnetic wave is a constant, the distance D to the water surface is obtained. The receiver of the radar water level meter is wirelessly connected to the controller to transmit the water level data at different positions of the reservoir to the controller in real time.

[0032] Furthermore, the extension member includes a vertical pole and a horizontal pole, one end of the vertical pole is rotatably connected to the top of the shell; one end of the horizontal pole is fixed to the other end of the vertical pole, and the other end extends to the outside of the top surface of the shell; the water level meter is fixed to the other end of the horizontal pole.

[0033] Preferably, the flow meter is fixed on the side wall outside the top surface of the shell corresponding to the cross bar.

[0034] Furthermore, the flow meter can be a radar flow meter, and the model can be CK-LD-175 radar flow meter. The measurement principle of the radar flow meter is based on the Doppler effect in physics. According to the Doppler effect of electromagnetic waves, when there is relative motion between the wave source and the observer, the frequency of the wave felt by the observer will be different from the frequency emitted by the wave source. This frequency change caused by relative motion is proportional to the relative speed of the two objects. In the radar Doppler flow measurement method, the radar sensor transmits electromagnetic waves, which produce a frequency shift after contacting the fluid surface and are reflected back to the sensor receiver. The frequency difference between the transmitted wave and the received wave is the Doppler frequency shift of the wave caused by the fluid movement. Since this frequency difference is proportional to the fluid flow rate, the flow rate can be obtained by measuring the frequency difference, and then the flow rate of the fluid can be obtained.

[0035] The radar flow meter's sensor receiver and controller are wirelessly connected to transmit the water velocity data of the reservoir river surface to the controller in real time.

[0036] Preferably, the camera is rotatably connected to the top of the shell to capture images at multiple angles.

[0037] Furthermore, the camera can rotate and zoom freely. The rotation angle of the camera is 0-360 degrees, and it supports 36 times image zoom. When the mobile subject moves to the two ends of the planned path, the camera takes multi-magnification and multi-angle images of the river floodplain on both sides of the reservoir, and transmits the above image information to the controller.

[0038] The floodplain is the part of the valley bottom that is submerged only during floods. It is located between the riverbed and the valley slope and is formed by the lateral migration of the river and the sedimentation of the floodbank. Therefore, the floodplain of plain rivers is easier to develop and is wider; the floodplain of mountain rivers is not developed and is smaller in width, but the relative height is higher than that of plain rivers. Extremely wide floodplains are called floodplains or floodplain plains. They are characterized by a distinct binary structure of sediments. The lower part is composed of coarser riverbed alluvial deposits, and the upper part is composed of finer floodplain deposits deposited during floods. Floodplains are generally several meters above the river surface. Lower floodplains can be submerged by perennial floods, while higher floodplains are only submerged during major floods.

[0039] Preferably, it also includes a power component, which is electrically connected to the rain gauge, water level meter, flow meter, camera, controller, drive motor, infrared obstacle avoidance sensor, path planner, indicator light, and speaker to provide power.

[0040] Furthermore, the power component may be a battery or other structure that can provide power.

[0041] Through the above technical solutions, it can be known that compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device. Compared with the prior art, the utility model uses a rain gauge, a water level meter, a flow meter and a camera to perform real-time, mobile monitoring of multiple hydrological information around the reservoir and transmit it to the controller. The controller analyzes multiple hydrological information. When the controller analyzes that the rainfall and rainfall duration recorded by the rain gauge signal recorder reach a preset threshold; the water level data transmitted by the water level meter receiver reaches a preset height threshold; the flow rate data transmitted by the flow meter receiver reaches a preset threshold; when the floodplain flooding image uploaded by the camera is consistent with the floodplain flooding image during the flash floods in previous years, it is determined that a flash flood has occurred, and the controller outputs an alarm signal to the alarm for early warning; it can give an early warning in time when a flash flood disaster occurs, strengthen the foresight period and accuracy of flash flood disaster monitoring, solve the problem of single monitoring elements and false alarms of the original monitoring equipment on the dam, and ensure the safety of life and property of the reservoir and downstream people; through the combination of online alarms and offline alarms, the early warning intensity can be improved to facilitate the evacuation of personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device.

[0044] Among them, 1 is a mobile body; 11 is a shell; 12 is a wheel body; 13 is a driving motor; 2 is a monitoring component; 21 is a rain gauge; 22 is a water level gauge; 23 is a flow meter; 24 is a camera; 3 is an obstacle avoidance sensor; 4 is an alarm; 41 is an indicator light; 42 is a speaker; 5 is an extension piece; 51 is a vertical pole; and 52 is a horizontal pole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0046] See attached Figure 1, the utility model embodiment discloses a reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that it includes: a mobile body 1, a monitoring component 2, a controller and an alarm 4;

[0047] The mobile body 1 can move back and forth on the dam top;

[0048] The monitoring component 2 includes a rain gauge 21 for monitoring rainfall data, a water level meter 22 for monitoring water level data at different locations of the reservoir, a flow meter 23 for monitoring flow velocity data of the reservoir, and a camera 24 for taking images of the river floodplain on both sides of the reservoir. The rain gauge 21, the water level meter 22, the flow meter 23 and the camera 24 are all installed on the mobile body 1 and are all connected to the input terminal signal of the controller;

[0049] The alarm 4 is connected to the output terminal signal of the controller.

[0050] Specifically, the controller can use the third-generation water conservancy AI terminal.

[0051] Specifically, it also includes a background control terminal; the alarm is an online alarm and its input end is electrically connected to the output end of the controller; the background control terminal is wirelessly connected to the output end of the online alarm. The online alarm can be a structure that can realize its function, such as a text message alarm, to notify the relevant county, township, village flood control management departments and on-duty personnel by text message, early warning device, etc., to implement online alarm.

[0052] Specifically, the mobile body 1 includes a shell 11, multiple wheels 12 and a drive motor 13. The multiple wheels 12 are rotatably connected to the bottom end of the shell 11; the input end of the drive motor 13 is connected to the controller signal, and its output end is transmission-connected to the wheel 12.

[0053] The wheel body 12 is made of rubber or stainless steel. Two sets of drive motors 13 can be provided, and the two sets of drive motors 13 are both arranged at the bottom of the housing 11, respectively driving the front wheel steering and rear wheel rotation of the wheel body 12, so as to realize the housing 11 to travel in four directions of front, back, left, right and at different speeds.

[0054] Specifically, it also includes an extension piece 5, one end of which is rotatably connected to the top of the housing 11, and the other end of which extends to the outside of the top surface of the housing 11 and is fixedly connected to the water level gauge 22 to ensure that the radar wave of the water level gauge 22 covers the water surface. The extension piece 5 includes a vertical pole 51 and a horizontal pole 52, one end of the vertical pole 51 is rotatably connected to the top of the housing 11; one end of the horizontal pole 52 is fixed to the other end of the vertical pole 51, and the other end extends to the outside of the top surface of the housing 11; the water level gauge 22 is fixed to the other end of the horizontal pole 52.

[0055] The flow meter 23 is fixed to the side wall of the cross bar 52 corresponding to the outer side of the top surface of the housing 11 .

[0056] The camera 24 is rotatably connected to the top of the housing 11 to shoot images at multiple angles, and can rotate and zoom freely. The rotation angle of the camera is 0-360 degrees, and supports 36 times image expansion.

[0057] The rain gauge can be a tipping bucket rain gauge. The rain gauge is fixed on the top of the shell. It is a remote rain gauge composed of a sensor and a signal recorder, which can accurately measure parameters such as rainfall, rainfall intensity, and rainfall start and end time. The signal recorder is wirelessly connected to the microprocessor to view real-time rainfall data.

[0058] In some specific implementation examples, a power component is also included, which is electrically connected to the rain gauge 21, the water level meter 22, the flow meter 23, the camera 24, the controller, the drive motor 13, the infrared obstacle avoidance sensor 3, the path planner, the indicator light 41, and the speaker 42 to provide power.

[0059] Specifically, the power component may be a battery or other structure that can provide power.

[0060] In some other specific implementation examples, an offline alarm is also included. The offline alarm includes an indicator light 41 and a speaker 42. The indicator light 41 and the speaker 42 are respectively fixed to the outer wall of the mobile body 1 and are respectively connected to the output signal of the controller.

[0061] In some other specific implementation examples, a plurality of obstacle avoidance sensors 3 are further included. The plurality of obstacle avoidance sensors 3 are respectively fixed on the side walls of the housing 11 in various directions and are all connected to the controller signal.

[0062] Specifically, the obstacle avoidance sensor may be an infrared obstacle avoidance sensor, which includes a transmitter and a receiver. During the movement of the mobile body, the transmitter will send an infrared signal to the surroundings. If there are obstacles around, the obstacles will reflect part of the infrared signal back to the receiver.

[0063] In some other specific implementation examples, a path planner is also included, and the path planner is connected to the controller signal. The path planner generates a global map according to the terrain of the working bridge or traffic bridge on the top of the reservoir dam; considers the maximum speed, maximum acceleration, turning radius and other constraints of the moving subject, and generates a path that fits the real motion characteristics of the moving subject by combining kinematic characteristics, thereby achieving a smoother and safer path planning.

[0064] Specifically, the path planner may adopt the D*_lite algorithm.

[0065] The reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device designed according to the utility model uses a rain gauge, a water level meter, a flow meter and a camera to perform real-time, mobile monitoring of multiple hydrological information around the reservoir and transmit it to a controller. The controller analyzes multiple hydrological information. When the controller analyzes that the rainfall and rainfall duration recorded by the rain gauge signal recorder reach a preset threshold; the water level data transmitted by the water level meter receiver reaches a preset height threshold; the flow rate data transmitted by the flow meter receiver reaches a preset threshold; when the river floodplain inundation image uploaded by the camera is consistent with the river floodplain inundation image during mountain torrents in previous years, it is determined that a mountain torrent has occurred, and the controller outputs an alarm signal to the alarm for early warning; it can give an early warning in time when a mountain torrent disaster occurs, strengthens the foresight period and accuracy of mountain torrent disaster monitoring, solves the problem of single monitoring elements and false alarms of the original monitoring equipment on the dam, and ensures the safety of life and property of the reservoir and downstream people; through the combination of online alarms and offline alarms, the early warning intensity can be improved, and the evacuation of personnel is convenient.

[0066] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0067] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that: include: Mobile body (1), monitoring component (2), controller and alarm (4); The mobile body (1) can move back and forth on the dam top; The monitoring component (2) comprises a rain gauge (21) for monitoring rainfall data, a water level meter (22) for monitoring water level data at different locations of the reservoir, a flow meter (23) for monitoring flow rate data of the reservoir, and a camera (24) for capturing images of the river floodplain on both sides of the reservoir. The rain gauge (21), water level meter (22), flow meter (23) and camera (24) are all installed on the mobile body (1) and are all connected to the input end signal of the controller; The alarm (4) is signal-connected to the output end of the controller.

2. A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a background control terminal; the alarm is an online alarm and its input end is electrically connected to the output end of the controller; the background control terminal is wirelessly connected to the output end of the online alarm.

3. A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an offline alarm, which includes an indicator light (41) and a loudspeaker (42). The indicator light (41) and the loudspeaker (42) are respectively fixed to the outer wall of the mobile body (1) and are respectively connected to the output end signal of the controller.

4. A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile body (1) comprises a housing (11), a plurality of wheels (12) and a driving motor (13); the plurality of wheels (12) are rotatably connected to the bottom end of the housing (11); the input end of the driving motor (13) is signal-connected to the controller, and the output end thereof is transmission-connected to the wheels (12).

5. A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a plurality of obstacle avoidance sensors (3), wherein the plurality of obstacle avoidance sensors (3) are respectively fixed to the side walls of the housing (11) in various directions and are all connected to the controller signal.

6. A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A path planner is also included, and the path planner is connected to the controller by signal.

7. A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an extension piece (5), one end of which is rotatably connected to the top of the shell (11), and the other end of which extends to the outside of the top surface of the shell (11) and is fixedly connected to the water level gauge (22) to ensure that the radar wave of the water level gauge (22) covers the water surface.

8. A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The extension member (5) comprises a vertical rod (51) and a horizontal rod (52); one end of the vertical rod (51) is rotatably connected to the top end of the shell (11); one end of the horizontal rod (52) is fixed to the other end of the vertical rod (51), and the other end extends to the outside of the top surface of the shell (11); the water level gauge (22) is fixed to the other end of the horizontal rod (52).

9. A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flow meter (23) is fixed on the side wall of the cross bar (52) corresponding to the outer side of the top surface of the housing (11).

10. A reservoir dam monitoring and early warning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The camera (24) is rotatably connected to the top of the housing (11) to capture images at multiple angles.

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