Mixed type air distribution plate of circulating fluidized bed boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mixed type circulating fluidized bed boiler air distribution plate, which relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers and comprises a water cooling wall, an air distribution plate component is arranged at the top of the middle position of the water cooling wall and is positioned at the bottom of a hearth, and an air inlet chamber opening is arranged on the rear side of the bottom of the air distribution plate component. A hearth side wall is arranged on the left side of the water cooling wall and located on the left side of the air distribution plate assembly, and the air distribution plate assembly comprises a dense hole plate type air distribution plate, a plurality of air cap connecting blocks and a plurality of air cap outer sleeves. According to the mixed type air distribution plate of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, through the air cap connecting blocks and the threaded blocks which are connected to the top of the dense-hole plate type air distribution plate, air caps in different shapes can be replaced conveniently, the direction and speed of airflow are adjusted and changed, the mixing degree of fuel and gas by the air distribution plate is influenced, and the mixing efficiency of the air distribution plate is improved. Therefore, the combustion efficiency and the emission level of the boiler are influenced, and the limitation of singleness and fixation is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, in particular to an air distribution plate of a mixed circulating fluidized bed boiler. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the increase of population and the improvement of people's living standards, the amount of garbage generated every day has also increased. If these garbage cannot be handled in time, it will cause great harm to humans and the environment. At present, there are three relatively mature treatment methods: landfill, incineration and biological treatment. The incineration method is favored due to a series of advantages such as high degree of harmlessness, large volume reduction, heat recovery and timely treatment. Whether abroad or at home, garbage incineration technology has been quite mature, mainly represented by grate furnace, fluidized bed and rotary drum incinerator. When circulating fluidized bed technology is applied to garbage treatment, due to the complex composition of urban garbage, the large difference in bed material particle size and density, some large particles and heavy particles are deposited on the air distribution plate, which is difficult to discharge, greatly reducing the uniformity and stability of the flow in the bed, and even causing a non-fluidized state at the bottom. The use of inclined air distribution plates and "Γ"-shaped directional hoods can prompt heavy large particles to move to the slag discharge port, so as to achieve reasonable discharge of particles in the bed.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN107036085B discloses a sheet-shaped stepped air distribution device for a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which belongs to the technical field of air supply and auxiliary equipment for circulating fluidized bed boilers. The air distribution device includes an inclined air distribution plate and a "Γ"-shaped directional air cap, and the main air duct of the "Γ"-shaped directional air cap is vertically installed on the inclined air distribution plate; the "Γ"-shaped directional air cap is distributed in a two-dimensional array on the inclined air distribution plate; experimental studies have shown that the horizontal distance between two adjacent rows of "Γ"-shaped directional air caps along the descending direction of the inclined air distribution plate and the angle between the nozzle pipe outlet direction and the descending direction of the inclined air distribution plate meet a certain functional relationship. The air distribution structure of the present invention can ensure that the high-speed wind ejected from the nozzle pipe of the rear row of "Γ"-shaped directional air caps blows through the top of the front row of "Γ"-shaped directional air caps, avoiding the impact and wear of the rear row of air caps on the front row of air caps, increasing the service life of the "Γ"-shaped directional air cap, and extending the operation cycle of the boiler, which is conducive to improving the economy and safety of the circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0004] The existing technology has the following problems:

[0005] However, it does not solve the problem that the installation of the wind hood on the air distribution plate of the mixed circulating fluidized bed boiler is fixed, that is, the direction and speed of the air flow are also fixed, and different wind hoods cannot be replaced, which reduces the limitations of use. At the same time, the air distribution plate is easily deformed at high temperature, which is not conducive to the use of the air distribution plate. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model provides a mixed circulating fluidized bed boiler air distribution plate to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0008] A mixed circulating fluidized bed boiler air distribution plate comprises a water-cooled wall, an air distribution plate assembly is arranged at the top of the middle part of the water-cooled wall and the air distribution plate assembly is located at the bottom of the furnace, an air inlet chamber opening is arranged at the rear side of the bottom of the air distribution plate assembly, a furnace side wall is arranged on the left side of the water-cooled wall and the furnace side wall is located on the left side of the air distribution plate assembly.

[0009] Preferably: the air distribution plate assembly includes a dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate, a plurality of hood connecting blocks and a plurality of hood sleeves, the bottom of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate is arranged with the water-cooled wall, a plurality of flow holes are opened at the front and rear of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate, the plurality of flow holes pass through the front and rear of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate, and are located between the plurality of hood connecting blocks.

[0010] Preferably, the bottoms of several of the hood connecting blocks are fixedly connected to the top surface of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate, and the tops of several of the hood connecting blocks are fixedly connected with threaded blocks.

[0011] Preferably, a fire-resistant layer is fixedly connected to the surface of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate, and a heat-insulating layer is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fire-resistant layer.

[0012] Preferably, a sealing layer is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat insulation layer, and a flower plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing layer.

[0013] Preferably, the inner walls of several of the hood jackets are provided with internal connecting threads at the bottom, and the outer surfaces of the internal connecting threads are threadedly connected to the outer surface of the thread block.

[0014] Preferably, the upper surfaces of several hood jackets are each provided with a plurality of hood holes, and the tops of the lower inner walls of several hood jackets are each provided with inner tube small holes.

[0015] Preferably, the upper parts of several of the hood jackets are each provided with an inner tube cavity, the inner tube cavity is communicated with the inner tube small hole, and the inner tube cavity is communicated with the hood hole.

[0016] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the utility model has achieved the following technical progress compared with the prior art:

[0017] 1. The utility model provides a mixed circulating fluidized bed boiler air distribution plate, which facilitates the replacement of air hoods of different shapes through a plurality of hood connection blocks and threaded blocks connected to the top of the dense-hole plate-type air distribution plate, improves the adjustment and change of the direction and speed of the air flow, affects the degree of mixing of the fuel and gas by the air distribution plate, and further affects the combustion efficiency and emission level of the boiler, reducing the limitations of a single fixation.

[0018] 2. The utility model provides a mixed circulating fluidized bed boiler air distribution plate. In order to prevent the dense-hole plate-type air distribution plate from being bent and deformed due to heat, a refractory layer of a certain thickness must be provided on the flower plate. The thickness of the protective layer is determined according to the height of the wind hood. After the dense-hole plate-type air distribution plate is inserted into the flower plate, the flower plate is coated with a sealing layer, a heat-insulating layer and a refractory layer from bottom to top until it is 15-20 mm below the center line of the small hole of the wind hood. This distance should not exceed 20 mm, otherwise, slagging is easy to form during operation. However, it should not be too close to the small hole of the wind hood to avoid clogging the small hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the air distribution plate assembly of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional protective layer structure of the dense-hole plate-type air distribution plate of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hooded jacket of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hooded jacket of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1. water-cooled wall; 2. air inlet chamber; 3. furnace side wall; 4. air distribution plate assembly; 41. dense-hole plate-type air distribution plate; 42. circulation hole; 43. hood connecting block; 44. threaded block; 45. refractory layer; 46. thermal insulation layer; 47. sealing layer; 48. flower plate; 49. hood jacket; 410. internal connecting thread; 411. hood hole; 412. inner tube small hole; 413. inner tube cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the air distribution plate of the hybrid circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a water-cooled wall 1, an air distribution plate assembly 4 is arranged at the top of the middle position of the water-cooled wall 1 and the air distribution plate assembly 4 is located at the bottom of the furnace, an air inlet chamber opening 2 is arranged at the rear side of the bottom of the air distribution plate assembly 4, a furnace side wall 3 is arranged on the left side of the water-cooled wall 1 and the furnace side wall 3 is located on the left side of the air distribution plate assembly 4.

[0027] The air distribution plate assembly 4 assists the water-cooled wall 1, the air inlet chamber 2 and the furnace side wall 3 to be stably installed in the boiler pre-position.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the air distribution plate assembly 4 includes a dense-pore plate type air distribution plate 41, a plurality of hood connecting blocks 43 and a plurality of hood jackets 49. The bottom of the dense-pore plate type air distribution plate 41 is arranged with the water-cooled wall 1. The front and rear of the dense-pore plate type air distribution plate 41 are provided with a plurality of flow holes 42. The plurality of flow holes 42 pass through the front and rear of the dense-pore plate type air distribution plate 41 and are located between the plurality of hood connecting blocks 43. The bottoms of the plurality of hood connecting blocks 43 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the dense-pore plate type air distribution plate 41. The tops of the plurality of hood connecting blocks 43 are fixedly connected with threaded blocks 44. The surface of the dense-pore plate type air distribution plate 41 is fixedly connected with a refractory layer 45. The bottom of the refractory layer 45 is fixedly connected with an insulating layer 46.

[0029] By installing a dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate 41 at the bottom of the furnace, and arranging the furnace side walls 3 around the furnace, and then using the water-cooled wall 1 to deal with the high temperature and high pressure conditions of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the heating medium can be cooled from a high temperature state to a safe temperature range, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. The wind chamber is connected under the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate 41, and the incoming air enters from the air inlet chamber port 2. The dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate 41 is used to stabilize the pressure and equalize the flow. Then, a plurality of hood connecting blocks 43 and threaded blocks 44 connected to the top of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate 41 are used to facilitate the replacement of hoods of different shapes, improve the regulation and change the direction and speed of the airflow, affect the degree of mixing of the fuel and gas by the air distribution plate, and then affect the combustion efficiency and emission level of the boiler, and reduce the limitations of a single fixation.

[0030] like Figure 3 one Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the thermal insulation layer 46 is fixedly connected to a sealing layer 47, the bottom of the sealing layer 47 is fixedly connected to a flower plate 48, the inner walls of several hood jackets 49 are provided with internal connecting threads 410 at the bottom, the outer surfaces of the internal connecting threads 410 are threadedly connected to the outer surface of the threaded block 44, the upper surfaces of several hood jackets 49 are provided with several hood holes 411, and the tops of the lower inner walls of several hood jackets 49 are provided with inner tube holes 412.

[0031] The internal connecting thread 410 provided on the bottom inner wall of the hood jacket 49 facilitates the connection to the threaded block 44, thereby fixing the position of the hood jacket 49. In order to prevent the dense-pore plate type air distribution plate 41 from bending and deformation due to heat, a certain thickness of refractory layer 45 must be provided on the flower plate 48. The thickness of the protective layer depends on the height of the hood. After the dense-pore plate type air distribution plate 41 is inserted into the flower plate 48, the flower plate 48 is coated with a sealing layer 47, a heat insulating layer 46 and a refractory layer 45 from bottom to top until it is 15-20 mm below the center line of the hood hole. This distance should not exceed 20 mm, otherwise, slagging is easy to occur during operation. However, it should not be too close to the hood hole to avoid clogging the hole.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the upper part of several hood covers 49 is provided with an inner tube cavity 413 , and the inner tube cavity 413 is connected with the inner tube small hole 412 , and the inner tube cavity 413 is connected with the hood hole 411 .

[0033] By utilizing the combination of the hood hole 411, the inner tube hole 412 and the inner tube cavity 413 to design appropriate internal resistance, the air distribution can be uniform, the adjustment performance is good, and the operation is stable.

[0034] The working principle of the utility model is as follows: by installing a dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate 41 at the bottom of the furnace, and setting the furnace side walls 3 around the furnace, and then using the water-cooled wall 1 to deal with the high temperature and high pressure conditions of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the heating medium can be cooled from a high temperature state to a safe temperature range, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, and the wind chamber is connected under the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate 41, and the air enters from the air inlet 2. The dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate 41 is used to stabilize the pressure and equalize the flow, and then a plurality of hood connecting blocks 43 and threaded blocks 44 connected to the top of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate 41 are used to facilitate the replacement of hoods of different shapes, improve the adjustment and change of the direction and speed of the airflow, and affect the mixing degree of the fuel and gas by the air distribution plate, thereby affecting the combustion efficiency and emission level of the boiler, and reducing the limitations of a single fixed structure. The inner connecting thread 410 provided on the bottom inner wall of the hood jacket 49 is convenient for connecting the threaded block 44, so as to fix the hood jacket 49, and the combination of the hood hole 411, the inner tube hole 412 and the inner tube cavity 413 plays a role in designing appropriate resistance inside the guest, which can make the air distribution uniform, the adjustment performance is good, and the operation is stable. In order to prevent the dense-pore plate type air distribution plate 41 from bending and deformation due to heat, a certain thickness of refractory layer 45 must be provided on the flower plate 48, and the thickness of the protective layer depends on the height of the hood. After the dense-pore plate type air distribution plate 41 is inserted into the flower plate 48, the flower plate 48 is coated with a sealing layer 47, a heat insulating layer 46 and a refractory layer 45 from bottom to top until it is 15-20mm below the center line of the hood hole. This distance should not exceed 20mm, otherwise, slagging is easy to occur during operation, but it should not be too close to the hood hole to avoid clogging the hole.

[0035] The above shows and describes the basic principle and main features of the utility model and the advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection claimed by the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mixed circulating fluidized bed boiler air distribution plate, comprising a water-cooled wall (1), characterized in that: An air distribution plate assembly (4) is arranged at the top of the middle part of the water-cooled wall (1), and the air distribution plate assembly (4) is located at the bottom of the furnace; an air inlet chamber opening (2) is arranged at the rear side of the bottom of the air distribution plate assembly (4); a furnace side wall (3) is arranged on the left side of the water-cooled wall (1), and the furnace side wall (3) is located on the left side of the air distribution plate assembly (4).

2. The air distribution plate of a hybrid circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air distribution plate assembly (4) comprises a dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate (41), a plurality of hood connection blocks (43) and a plurality of hood jackets (49); the bottom of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate (41) is arranged with the water-cooled wall (1); a plurality of flow holes (42) are provided at the front and rear of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate (41); the plurality of flow holes (42) pass through the front and rear of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate (41) and are located between the plurality of hood connection blocks (43).

3. The air distribution plate of a hybrid circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottoms of a plurality of the hood connection blocks (43) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the dense-hole plate-type air distribution plate (41), and the tops of a plurality of the hood connection blocks (43) are fixedly connected to a threaded block (44).

4. The air distribution plate of a hybrid circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fire-resistant layer (45) is fixedly connected to the surface of the dense-pore plate-type air distribution plate (41), and a heat-insulating layer (46) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fire-resistant layer (45).

5. The air distribution plate of a hybrid circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the heat insulation layer (46) is fixedly connected to a sealing layer (47), and the bottom of the sealing layer (47) is fixedly connected to a flower plate (48).

6. The air distribution plate of a hybrid circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner walls of the plurality of hood jackets (49) are each provided with an internal connection thread (410) at the bottom, and the outer surface of the internal connection thread (410) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the thread block (44).

7. The air distribution plate of a hybrid circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of hood holes (411) are provided on the upper surfaces of the plurality of hood jackets (49), and an inner tube small hole (412) is provided on the top of the lower inner wall of the plurality of hood jackets (49).

8. The air distribution plate of a hybrid circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that: An inner tube cavity (413) is provided on the upper part of a plurality of the hood jackets (49), and the inner tube cavity (413) is communicated with the inner tube small hole (412), and the inner tube cavity (413) is communicated with the hood hole (411).

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