Cassava and soil separating device for cassava harvesting

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cassava and soil separating device for cassava harvesting. The cassava and soil separating device comprises a first-stage potato and soil separating mechanism, a second-stage potato and soil separating mechanism and a transmission mechanism used for driving the first-stage potato and soil separating mechanism and the second-stage potato and soil separating mechanism. The first-stage potato-soil separation mechanism comprises a rolling elastic tooth assembly for rotating; the orbital transfer assembly is static relative to the rolling elastic claw assembly and is used for changing the motion trail of the rolling elastic claw assembly; the second-stage potato-soil separation mechanism is positioned behind the first-stage potato-soil separation mechanism and comprises a connecting belt; the guide wheel rod is located on the periphery of the connecting belt and used for changing the moving track of the connecting belt; the stepped separating sieves are transversely arranged between the connecting belts and form certain included angles with the planes of the upper ends of the connecting belts; due to the fact that the first-stage potato-soil separation mechanism used for stripping soil blocks is arranged, after the soil blocks are stripped through the first-stage potato-soil separation mechanism, the soil blocks can be effectively prevented from entering the second-stage potato-soil separation mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of cassava harvesting equipment, in particular to a cassava harvesting and soil separation device. Background Art

[0002] Cassava, whose English name is casava, is also known as manioc and sweet potato in some places. It is a dicotyledonous Euphorbiaceae family. It is a sun-loving, drought-resistant and barren-resistant shrub-like perennial economic crop. It is one of the world's three major tubers (cassava, sweet potato and potato).

[0003] The existing cassava harvester technology is relatively mature, but there are still certain defects in the actual use process. For example, when the existing cassava harvester is harvesting cassava, the separation device on the harvester will be used to separate the soil blocks attached to the surface of the cassava to reduce the labor intensity of subsequent operations. However, when the existing cassava harvester is operating, soil blocks will enter the separation device. Since the surface of the soil blocks is relatively smooth, the separation device cannot transport and remove them; and the separation device has poor soil crushing performance and is difficult to crush and separate the soil blocks, so that the soil blocks reciprocate in the separation device and contact with the cassava roots in the separation device, resulting in damage to the cassava roots, which greatly affects the harvesting effect of cassava.

[0004] Therefore, designing a cassava harvester-soil separation device that can peel off soil lumps is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the field. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the utility model provides a cassava harvesting and soil separation device.

[0006] The utility model is realized in this way: a cassava harvesting and soil separation device comprises a primary potato-soil separation mechanism, a secondary potato-soil separation mechanism and a transmission mechanism used for driving the primary potato-soil separation mechanism and the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism; the primary potato-soil separation mechanism comprises: a rolling spring tooth assembly for rotation; a track changing assembly which is stationary relative to the rolling spring tooth assembly and is used for changing the motion track of the rolling spring tooth assembly; the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism is located behind the primary potato-soil separation mechanism and comprises: a connecting belt; a guide wheel rod which is located at the periphery of the connecting belt and is used for changing the running track of the connecting belt; and a plurality of stepped separation screens which are transversely arranged between the connecting belts and form a certain angle with the upper end plane of the connecting belt.

[0007] Optionally, a rolling spring tooth assembly includes: a rotating disc connected to a transmission mechanism; a driven disc rotating with the rotating disc; a plurality of double-track spring tooth rods rotatably connected between the rotating disc and the driven disc and in contact with the track change assembly; and spring teeth distributed along the axial direction of the double-track spring tooth rods.

[0008] Optionally, the track changing assembly includes: a central fixing rod and two track changing cams respectively located at two ends of the central fixing rod.

[0009] Optionally, the track-changing cam is a plane groove cam.

[0010] Optionally, the angle between the step separation screen and the upper end plane of the connecting belt is in the range of 12°-15°.

[0011] Optionally, the stepped separation screen includes a group of L-shaped connecting buckles and at least a plurality of separation screen bars transversely connected between the L-shaped connecting buckles.

[0012] Optionally, the number of separation screen bars in the stepped separation screen is three.

[0013] Optionally, the interval between two adjacent separation screen bars of the step separation screen is 3cm-5cm.

[0014] Optionally, the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism also includes a third-stage vibrator located at the bottom of the connecting belt, connected to the transmission mechanism, and used to increase the amplitude of the connecting belt.

[0015] Optionally, it also includes a frame and a digging shovel; the frame is used to provide a mounting carrier for other components; the digging shovel is located at the lower edge of the front end of the frame and is used for digging cassava.

[0016] The beneficial technical effect of implementing the utility model is as follows: since the utility model is provided with a primary potato-soil separation mechanism for stripping off soil lumps, after the soil lumps are stripped off by the primary potato-soil separation mechanism, the soil lumps can be effectively reduced from entering the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism, thereby reducing the probability of cassava being damaged in the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first-level potato-soil separation mechanism;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of cassava harvester installation.

[0022] In the figure: 1. frame; 101. three-point connecting frame; 2. digging shovel; 3. rolling spring tooth assembly; 301. rotating disc; 302. driven disc; 303. double-track spring tooth rod; 304. spring tooth; 4. track change assembly; 401. center fixing rod; 402. track change cam; 5. connecting belt; 6. guide wheel rod; 7. step separation screen; 701. L-shaped connecting buckle; 702. separation screen bar; 8. three-stage vibrator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present utility model involve directional indications, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., then the directional indication is only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly. In addition, if the embodiments of the present utility model involve descriptions such as "first, second", "S1, S2", "step one, step two", etc., then such descriptions are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or indicating the execution order of the method, etc. Those skilled in the art can understand that everything that does not violate the key points of the utility model under the technical concept of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the utility model provides a cassava root harvester, comprising a primary potato-soil separation mechanism, a secondary potato-soil separation mechanism and a transmission mechanism for driving the primary potato-soil separation mechanism and the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism; the primary potato-soil separation mechanism comprises: a rotating rolling spring tooth assembly 3; a track changing assembly 4 which is stationary relative to the rolling spring tooth assembly 3 and is used to change the motion trajectory of the rolling spring tooth assembly 3; the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism is located behind the primary potato-soil separation mechanism and comprises: a connecting belt 5; a guide wheel rod 6 which is located on the periphery of the connecting belt 5 and is used to change the running trajectory of the connecting belt 5; and a plurality of stepped separation screens 7 which are transversely arranged between the connecting belts 5 and form a certain angle with the upper end plane of the connecting belt 5.

[0027] For example, when cassava harvesting is performed, before the operation, the primary potato-soil separation mechanism and the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism are first connected and fixed to the transmission mechanism. During the operation, when the mixture of soil blocks and cassava tubers moves to the primary potato-soil separation mechanism, the rolling spring tooth assembly 3 in the primary potato-soil separation mechanism starts to rotate under the drive of the transmission mechanism, and takes advantage of the fact that the surface of the soil blocks is relatively smooth and difficult to hook, while the cassava tubers have branches that are easy to hook, and in the process of rotation, the soil blocks, especially large soil blocks, are peeled off from the cassava tubers, and then the track change assembly 4 is used to change its motion trajectory, and the cassava tubers are thrown to the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism at the rear. When the cassava tubers move to the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism, the connecting belt 5 in the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism starts to move under the drive of the transmission mechanism, and the connecting belt 5 is made to present a certain fluctuation under the action of the guide wheel rod 6, so as to separate the soil attached to the surface of the cassava tubers, and transport the cassava tubers under the action of the step separation screen 7.

[0028] The key points of the utility model are: utilizing the rotating form of the primary potato-soil separation mechanism to peel off soil lumps, especially large soil lumps, so as to reduce the soil lumps from entering the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism; utilizing the screening form of the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism to peel off the soil attached to the surface of the cassava tuber again; that is, the primary peeling is the rough peeling of large soil lumps, and the secondary peeling is the fine peeling of small soil lumps, which on the one hand further improves the potato-soil separation effect; on the other hand, prevents large soil lumps from entering the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism, reduces the probability of damage to the cassava tuber, and improves the cassava harvesting effect.

[0029] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the rolling spring tooth assembly 3 may optionally include but is not limited to: a rotating disc 301 connected to a transmission mechanism; a driven disc 302 rotating with the rotating disc 301; a plurality of double-track spring tooth rods 303 rotatably connected between the rotating disc 301 and the driven disc 302 and in contact with the track change assembly 4; and spring teeth 304 distributed along the axial direction of the double-track spring tooth rods 303.

[0030] For example, one end of the outer side of the rotating disc 301 is used to connect with the transmission mechanism, receive the power transmitted by the transmission mechanism, and drive the driven disc 302 and the double-track spring tooth rod 303 to rotate, and the inner end is used to connect the double-track spring tooth rod 303; the driven disc 302 is connected to the rotating disc 301 through the double-track spring tooth rod 303, and rotates with the rotating disc 301; the double-track spring tooth rod 303 includes an outer long rod and an inner short rod, and the two are rigidly connected by the short rod. The outer long rod is rotatably connected between the rotating disc 301 and the driven disc 302, and can rotate relative to the rotating disc 301 and the driven disc 302, and rotates with the rotating disc 301 and the driven disc 302, and the inner short rod is in contact with the track change assembly to change the angle of the spring tooth 304 on the vertical plane; the spring tooth 304 is distributed in gaps along the length direction of the double-track spring tooth rod 303, and is used to contact with soil blocks and cassava tubers.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the track-changing assembly 4 may optionally include, but is not limited to, a central fixing rod 401 and two track-changing cams 402 respectively located at two ends of the central fixing rod 401 .

[0032] For example, one end of the central fixed rod 401 penetrates the driven disc 302, and the other end penetrates into the interior of the rotating disc 301. Rotating parts such as bearings are provided on the periphery of the overlapping position to ensure that the central fixed rod 401 does not rotate with the rotating disc 301, and the horizontality of the central fixed rod 401 provides a stable installation position for the track changing cam 402; the track changing cam 402 is used to contact the inner short rod of the double-track spring tooth rod 303, and the radius difference at various locations on the outer edge of the cam is used to change the angle of the spring tooth 304 on the vertical plane, so as to better strip off the soil blocks and transport the cassava tubers to the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism.

[0033] During operation, after the rotating disc 301 receives the power of the transmission mechanism, the rotating disc 301 will drive the driven disc 302 and the double-track spring-tooth rod 303 to rotate together. During the rotation process, the inner short rod of the double-track spring-tooth rod 303 will contact the track-changing cam 402. As the rotation continues, due to the different radii at different locations along the outer edge of the track-changing cam 402, the spring teeth 304 on the double-track spring-tooth rod 303 will rotate on the vertical plane, thereby changing the angle between the spring teeth 304 and the horizontal plane. When the angle between the spring teeth 304 and the horizontal plane is small, The spring tooth 304 is in a hooking state, at which time the spring tooth 304 can better hook the cassava root tuber, but since the surface of the soil block is relatively smooth, it is difficult for the spring tooth 304 to hook it, so the soil block can be stripped off. When the angle between the spring tooth 304 and the horizontal plane is large, the distance between the end of the spring tooth 304 and the rotation center is farther. At this time, the cassava root tuber at the end of the spring tooth 304 can obtain a larger linear speed. When it moves to the highest point, the cassava root tuber can be thrown to the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism located behind the primary potato-soil separation mechanism.

[0034] Since the working environment of the cassava harvester is a field, there is a lot of foreign matter such as dust. When such foreign matter falls and adheres to the outer surface of the track changing cam 402, it may cause the track changing component 4 to be difficult to effectively change the motion trajectory of the rolling spring tooth component 3. For this reason, the utility model provides a preferred embodiment.

[0035] Preferably, the track-changing cam 402 is a planar groove cam.

[0036] For example, the track changing cam 402 adopts a planar groove cam to prevent foreign matter from adhering to the outer surface of the track changing cam 402 while ensuring the functionality of the track changing cam 402 , thereby improving the operating stability of the track changing assembly 4 .

[0037] like Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, the angle between the stepped separation screen 7 and the upper end plane of the connecting belt 5 is in the range of 12°-15°.

[0038] For example, the angle between the stepped separation screen 7 and the upper end of the connecting belt 5 is between 12-15°. Within this range, the small step formed between the stepped separation screen 7 and the upper end plane of the connecting belt 5 can effectively limit the cassava tubers and prevent the cassava tubers from slipping, while not jamming the cassava tubers, thereby facilitating the cassava tubers to separate from the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism.

[0039] like Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, the stepped separation screen 7 may optionally include, but is not limited to, a group of L-shaped connecting buckles 701 and at least a plurality of separation screen bars 702 transversely connected between the L-shaped connecting buckles 701 .

[0040] For example, one end of the L-shaped connecting buckle 701 is connected to the connecting belt 5, and the other end is used to install the separation screen bar 702; the separation screen bar 702 is used to contact with the cassava root tubers.

[0041] Preferably, the number of separation screen bars 702 in the stepped separation screen 7 is three.

[0042] For example, when the number of separation screen bars 702 in the step separation screen 7 is three, the step depth formed between the step separation screen 7 and the connecting belt 5 is most appropriate, which can effectively prevent the cassava tubers from sliding off and avoid the cassava tubers from being damaged due to excessive step depth.

[0043] More preferably, the interval between two adjacent separation screen bars 702 of the stepped separation screen 7 is in the range of 3 cm to 5 cm.

[0044] For example, when the distance between two adjacent separation screen bars 702 of the step separation screen 7 is 3cm-5cm, the soil separated from the surface of the cassava tubers can slide through the step separation screens 7, while the tiny cassava tubers will not slide through the step separation screens 7 or get stuck in the gaps therebetween.

[0045] Since the secondary cassava soil separation mechanism mainly utilizes small-amplitude and high-frequency vibration to peel off the soil attached to the surface of cassava tubers, when the soil attached to the surface of cassava tubers is relatively sticky, it is difficult to peel off such soil by small-amplitude and high-frequency vibration. Therefore, the utility model provides a preferred embodiment.

[0046] Preferably, the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism also includes a tertiary vibrator 8 located at the bottom of the connecting belt 5 and connected to the transmission mechanism for increasing the amplitude of the connecting belt 5 .

[0047] Specifically, the three-stage vibrator 8 includes a main rod connected to the transmission mechanism and three vibration wheels arranged on the periphery of the main rod and capable of rotating around their own fixed axes. During operation, the transmission mechanism drives the three-stage vibrator 8 to rotate. Since three vibration wheels are arranged on the periphery of the three-stage vibrator 8, as the three-stage vibrator 8 rotates, the vibration wheels contact the connecting belt 5 and lift the connecting belt 5. At this time, the amplitude of the connecting belt 5 will be increased, so as to facilitate the peeling of the relatively sticky soil from the surface of the cassava root tuber.

[0048] On the other hand, Figure 5 As shown, the separation device also includes a frame 1 and a digging shovel 2; the frame 1 is used to provide a mounting carrier for other components; the digging shovel 2 is located at the lower edge of the front end of the frame 1 and is used for digging cassava.

[0049] In this embodiment, the frame 1 and the digging shovel 2 are added to expand the application scope of the separation device. The original separation device can only manually send the dug cassava into the separation device to separate the cassava from the soil; while the separation device with the frame 1 and the digging shovel 2 can be towed by a traction device, so that the separation device can enter the field and separate the dug cassava in time, further improving the automation and efficiency of cassava collection.

[0050] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the utility model, which all belong to the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model patent shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A cassava harvesting and soil separation device, characterized in that: It includes a primary potato-soil separation mechanism, a secondary potato-soil separation mechanism, and a transmission mechanism for driving the primary potato-soil separation mechanism and the secondary potato-soil separation mechanism; The primary potato-soil separation mechanism comprises: a rotating rolling spring tooth assembly (3); a track changing assembly (4) which is stationary relative to the rolling spring tooth assembly (3) and is used to change the motion track of the rolling spring tooth assembly (3); The secondary potato-soil separation mechanism is located behind the primary potato-soil separation mechanism and comprises: a connecting belt (5); a guide wheel rod (6) located outside the connecting belt (5) and used to change the running track of the connecting belt (5); and a plurality of stepped separation screens (7) arranged transversely between the connecting belts (5) and forming a certain angle with the upper end plane of the connecting belt (5).

2. The cassava harvesting and soil separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling spring tooth assembly (3) comprises: a rotating disc (301) connected to a transmission mechanism; a driven disc (302) rotating together with the rotating disc (301); a plurality of double-track spring tooth rods (303) rotatably connected between the rotating disc (301) and the driven disc (302) and in contact with a track change assembly (4); and spring teeth (304) distributed along the axial direction of the double-track spring tooth rods (303).

3. The cassava harvesting and soil separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The track changing assembly (4) comprises: a central fixing rod (401) and two track changing cams (402) respectively located at two ends of the central fixing rod (401).

4. The cassava harvesting and soil separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The track-changing cam (402) is a plane groove cam.

5. The cassava harvesting and soil separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the stepped separation screen (7) and the upper end plane of the connecting belt (5) is in the range of 12°-15°.

6. The cassava harvesting and soil separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stepped separation screen (7) comprises a group of L-shaped connecting buckles (701) and at least a plurality of separation screen bars (702) transversely connected between the L-shaped connecting buckles (701).

7. The cassava harvesting and soil separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of separation screen bars (702) in the stepped separation screen (7) is three.

8. The cassava harvesting and soil separation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The interval between two adjacent separation screen bars (702) of the step separation screen (7) is 3 cm to 5 cm.

9. The cassava harvesting and soil separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary potato-soil separation mechanism also includes a tertiary vibrator (8) located at the bottom of the connecting belt (5), connected to the transmission mechanism and used to increase the amplitude of the connecting belt (5).

10. The cassava harvesting and soil separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It also includes a frame (1) and a digging shovel (2); A frame (1) is used to provide a mounting carrier for other components; The digging shovel (2) is located at the lower edge of the front end of the frame (1) and is used for digging cassava.

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