Thermal decomposition furnace

Abstract

A thermal decomposition furnace comprises a heating section, a transition section and a water cooling section, the heating section, the transition section and the water cooling section are located on the same axis, the heating section is provided with a first shell, the transition section is provided with a second shell, the water cooling section is provided with a third shell, the first shell is provided with a heating device, and the first shell is connected with the second shell. The second shell and the third shell are indirectly connected through a heat insulation material, and the heating section, the transition section and the water cooling section achieve material conveying through the same spiral auger. The heating section, the transition section and the water cooling section are coaxially arranged, so that materials can be stably conveyed, the problem of material blockage is not prone to occurring, leakage is not prone to occurring, the working efficiency is higher by adopting the same spiral auger, synchronous work can be achieved, the situation of local accumulation is avoided, too large pressure generated by local accumulation is avoided, local abrasion can be reduced, and the service life of the conveyor is prolonged. The service life of equipment is further prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, and in particular relates to a thermal decomposition furnace. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of living standards, there is more and more domestic garbage, and the generation of solid waste continues to increase. The demand for solid waste treatment is getting bigger and bigger. There are many types of solid waste and the treatment steps are relatively complicated. The decomposition temperature required for different solid waste treatments is also different. Chinese invention patent CN202122426263.7 discloses a thermal decomposition device. After thermal decomposition, the material enters the subsequent water-cooled spiral device through the discharge port for cooling. The equipment is provided with two heating chambers, and the heating temperatures of the two heating chambers are also different, and a connecting structure is required to connect them. It adopts the method of combustion heating, the length of the equipment is limited, and the thermal decomposition furnace and the water-cooled spiral are connected by a flange. There is no transmission and conveying structure at the connection position, and it relies on the residual material at the rear for advancement, which makes the local pressure larger and there is a problem of material leakage. The entire material transmission path is too long, the equipment occupies a large space, and there are multiple turning positions in the equipment. Water vapor is easy to accumulate in the water-cooling section and cannot be discharged, causing problems such as material compaction. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a more practical thermal decomposition furnace.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is achieved as follows: a thermal decomposition furnace comprises a heating section, a transition section and a water-cooling section, the heating section, the transition section and the water-cooling section are located on the same axis, the heating section is provided with a first shell, the transition section is provided with a second shell, the water-cooling section is provided with a third shell, the first shell is provided with a heating device, the first shell is connected to the second shell, the second shell is indirectly connected to the third shell through a heat insulating material, and the heating section, the transition section and the water-cooling section use the same spiral auger to realize material transportation.

[0005] The beneficial effects of such a design are as follows: the coaxial arrangement of the heating section, transition section and water-cooling section can achieve smooth material transportation, and is not prone to material blockage or leakage. The use of a spiral auger is more efficient and can achieve synchronous operation, without local accumulation, avoiding excessive pressure caused by local accumulation, reducing local wear and tear, further extending the service life of the equipment, improving the overall space utilization rate, reducing additional intermediate conveying equipment, saving overall equipment costs, reducing the possibility of equipment compaction, and reducing failure risk points and leakage points.

[0006] Furthermore, the first shell is provided with an electromagnetic induction heating device. The electromagnetic heating is easy to control and has a fast heating speed, can meet high-load operation, can be installed in a non-contact manner, and is easy to maintain, disassemble and replace.

[0007] Furthermore, the second shell is provided with a heat-insulating layer. Such a design can improve the utilization rate of heat, make full use of waste heat decomposition materials, make the overall equipment more energy-efficient, and avoid the contradictory sections of both heating and cooling.

[0008] Furthermore, the third shell is provided with a water-cooling jacket. The fly ash after being fully decomposed needs to be cooled and then transferred for treatment, so that the fly ash is cooled to a certain range and the temperature is at least below 50 degrees, so that basically no large amount of toxic gas will be volatilized.

[0009] Furthermore, the second shell is connected to the third shell via a heat-insulating ceramic gasket, which has a better heat-insulating effect, so that the temperature of the third shell is lower and the cooling is faster and more efficient.

[0010] Furthermore, a nitrogen inlet is provided at the end of the third shell, and the nitrogen can isolate oxygen and prevent dioxin from being re-synthesized.

[0011] Furthermore, a feed port is provided at the front end of the first shell, and a gas purification device is provided near the feed port. The airflow and material flow directions are opposite, so a gas purification device is provided near the feed port to treat pollutants in the gas.

[0012] Furthermore, a reducer is provided at the front end of the first shell to drive the auger to rotate. The irregular resistance of the material at the feed port is relatively large, so the power structure is arranged near the feed port, and the coaxial arrangement can ensure the magnitude of the output force.

[0013] Furthermore, a bearing bracket is provided inside the second outer shell, and the bearing bracket is installed at the upper end of the second outer shell. The bearing bracket provides support for the main shaft of the spiral auger through the bearing. Most of the materials are concentrated at the bottom, so the bearing bracket arranged above has little effect on the flow of materials. The support of the bearing can reduce the friction between the spiral dragon and the outer shells, making the rotation resistance smaller, and a longer spiral auger can be set.

[0014] Furthermore, the spiral auger includes a first auger and a second auger, and the first auger and the second auger are located on both sides of the bearing bracket, which facilitates the installation of the bearing bracket. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of a thermal decomposition furnace. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] As required, detailed embodiments of the present invention are disclosed herein, but it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are only exemplary of the present invention, and the present invention may be implemented in different and alternative forms. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and certain features may be exaggerated or reduced to show the details of specific components. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein should not be understood as having a limiting meaning, but only as a representative basis to teach those skilled in the art to adopt the present invention differently. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to better display the structure of each part, the axial size of the spiral auger 3 is greatly reduced so that the structure of each part is clearer. A thermal decomposition furnace includes a heating section 21, a transition section 22 and a water-cooling section 23. The heating section 21, the transition section 22 and the water-cooling section 23 are located on the same axis. The heating section 21 is provided with a first shell 41, the transition section 22 is provided with a second shell 42, and the water-cooling section 23 is provided with a third shell 43. The first shell 41 is provided with a heating device 9. The first shell 41 is connected to the second shell 42, and the second shell 42 is indirectly connected to the third shell 43 through a heat insulating material. The heating section 21, the transition section 22 and the water-cooling section 23 use the same spiral auger 3 to realize material transportation. The heating section 21 mainly realizes the heating function. If there are different temperature requirements, multiple heating sections 21 can be set to heat separately. The transition section 22 connects the water-cooling section 23 and the heating section 21. The temperature of the heating section 21 is higher, and the temperature of the water-cooling section 23 is lower. A transition area must be set. In order to provide heat utilization, the transition section 22 can be set longer. If the site is limited, the transition section 22 can also be shorter or not set. If the transition section 22 is not specially set, the heating section 21 and the water-cooling section 23 must be staggered at a certain position, otherwise the heating and water-cooling effects in this area are relatively poor. The first shell 41, the second shell 42 and the third shell 43 can be connected together by flanges to form an integrated structure, which is more convenient to install. The spiral auger 3 is similar to a screw structure, that is, a spiral blade is set on the outside of the central drum, and the spiral blade is used to drive the object to move.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the first shell 41 is provided with an electromagnetic induction heating device 9. Preferably, different temperature zones can be set to achieve heating with different temperature requirements. The use of electric heating can control the heating temperature by controlling the power supply. Compared with other structures, the control is more convenient, and the detection and maintenance are also very convenient.

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, the second shell 42 is provided with a heat-insulating layer 16, and the heat-insulating layer 16 surrounds and wraps around the outside of the second shell 42, so that a higher temperature can be maintained in a certain section, a better decomposition effect can be achieved, and energy utilization is more efficient.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the third shell 43 is provided with a water cooling jacket 11, and the water cooling jacket 11 is provided with a water inlet 13 and a water outlet 12. The water cooling jacket 11 can be designed as an integral unit with the third shell 43, that is, a closed flow space is welded outside the third shell 43 to provide storage and flow of cooling water. The water inlet 13 is arranged on the lower side of the third shell 43 and close to the discharge port 5, so that the temperature of the fly ash at the discharge port 5 can be lower. The water outlet 12 is located in the third shell away from the discharge port 5. The water outlet 12 is arranged on the upper side of the third shell. The high-temperature liquid has a small density and tends to flow upward. The low-temperature liquid is at the bottom, and the fly ash is also concentrated at the bottom, so that the cooling effect on the fly ash is better, and the liquid flow is also smoother in this design.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the second housing 42 and the third housing 43 are connected by a heat-insulating ceramic gasket 25, which can reduce the heat transfer between the second housing 42 and the third housing 43 and reduce the influence between them. A nitrogen inlet 14 is provided at the end of the third housing 43. Since it is inevitable that air enters the heating device 9, directly filling nitrogen can reduce the oxygen entering the heating device 9, so that the interior of the heating device 9 is basically isolated from oxygen, so that the polluted gas is reduced accordingly.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a feed port 4 is provided at the front end of the first shell 41, and a gas purification device 8 is provided near the feed port 4. Heating solid waste inevitably generates waste gas, which will have a great impact on the atmosphere if not treated. Therefore, the waste gas needs to be purified so that the gas can meet the emission standards. A smoke exhaust port 6 can be provided on the first shell 41, a shed section 7 is provided on the smoke exhaust port, and a gas purification device 8 is installed on the expansion joint 7.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a reducer 1 is provided at the front end of the first housing 41 to drive the spiral auger 3 to rotate. The coaxial arrangement has higher driving efficiency and can achieve a larger torque output to drive the spiral auger 3 to rotate, thereby utilizing the spiral structure to realize material transportation.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a bearing bracket 24 is provided inside the second housing 42 , and the bearing bracket 24 is mounted on the upper end of the second housing 42 . The bearing bracket 24 provides support for the main shaft of the spiral auger 3 through the bearing.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the spiral auger 3 includes a first auger 31 and a second auger 32. The first auger 31 and the second auger 32 are located on both sides of the bearing bracket 24. The pitch of the first auger 31 is smaller than the pitch of the second auger. Since the resistance of the solid waste is small after being decomposed, rapid transportation can be achieved. The size of the pitch determines the axial stroke of one rotation. The larger the pitch, the larger the stroke. In this way, the transportation is more efficient, and the heat dissipation after dispersion is faster, and the cooling is more efficient.

Claims

1. A thermal decomposition furnace, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heating section (21), a transition section (22) and a water-cooling section (23); the heating section (21), the transition section (22) and the water-cooling section (23) are located on the same axis; the heating section (21) is provided with a first outer shell (41); the transition section (22) is provided with a second outer shell (42); the water-cooling section (23) is provided with a third outer shell (43); the first outer shell (41) is provided with a heating device (9); the first outer shell (41) is connected to the second outer shell (42); the second outer shell (42) is indirectly connected to the third outer shell (43) via a heat insulating material; the heating section (21), the transition section (22) and the water-cooling section (23) use a spiral auger (3) to achieve material transportation.

2. The thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first housing (41) is provided with an electromagnetic induction heating device (9).

3. The thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second outer shell (42) is provided with a heat-insulating layer (16).

4. The thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third shell (43) is provided with a water cooling jacket (11).

5. The thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second shell (42) and the third shell (43) are connected via a heat-insulating ceramic gasket (25).

6. The thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A nitrogen inlet (14) is provided at the end of the third housing (43).

7. The thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed inlet (4) is provided at the front end of the first housing (41), and a gas purification device (8) is provided near the feed inlet (4).

8. The thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reducer (1) is provided at the front end of the first housing (41) and can drive the auger to rotate.

9. The thermal decomposition furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A bearing bracket (24) is provided inside the second outer shell (42), and the bearing bracket (24) is mounted on the upper end of the second outer shell (42). The bearing bracket (24) provides support for the main shaft of the spiral auger (3) through a bearing.

10. The thermal decomposition furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The spiral auger (3) comprises a first auger (31) and a second auger (32), wherein the first auger (31) and the second auger (32) are located on both sides of the bearing bracket (24).

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