Biomass boiler capable of preventing ash deposition and coking

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of environment-friendly low-carbon energy equipment of industrial boilers and power station boilers with biomass as fuel, in particular to a biomass boiler capable of preventing ash deposition and coking, which comprises inclined reciprocating grate combustion equipment, a hearth, a flue, a heating surface, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitration equipment, an ash falling device and an ash blower. And the soot blower is arranged on the heating surface, so that the problems of soot deposition and coking in the combustion process of biomass fuel are prevented, and the heat transfer efficiency and the service life are effectively ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of green low-carbon energy equipment for industrial boilers and power station boilers whose fuel is biomass, in particular to a biomass boiler which is resistant to dust and coking. Background Art

[0002] Biomass boilers are suitable for burning biomass fuels including crop straw, firewood, wood, bagasse, cow dung, etc. Biomass fuels contain high potassium, sodium, and other elements, and the ash melting point is low. At high temperatures above 500°C, the ash will melt into blocks, and coking will occur in the furnace. The temperature in a general biomass furnace reaches above 800°C, and the coke blocks are in a glassy state, very hard, and difficult to clean. In order to improve the above problems, it is necessary to produce a kind of anti-ash and coking biomass boiler. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a biomass boiler which prevents dust accumulation and coking, so as to prevent the dust accumulation and coking problems of biomass fuel during the combustion process, and effectively ensure the heat transfer efficiency and service life.

[0004] The utility model provides an anti-ashing and coking biomass boiler comprising an inclined reciprocating grate combustion device, a furnace, a flue, a heating surface, an SCR denitrification device, an ash falling device and a soot blower, wherein the ash falling device is arranged on the flue, and the soot blower is arranged on the heating surface.

[0005] Preferably, the heating surface includes a furnace heating surface, a convection heating surface, a superheater heating surface, an economizer heating surface, and an air preheater heating surface.

[0006] Preferably, the ash falling device is arranged at the lowest point of each return path of the flue.

[0007] Preferably, it further comprises a secondary air device, wherein the secondary air device is arranged on the furnace.

[0008] Preferably, the furnace heating surface is a water-cooled wall structure.

[0009] Preferably, the convection heating surface, superheater heating surface, economizer heating surface, and air preheater heating surface are all bare tube structures.

[0010] The advantages of the utility model are:

[0011] 1. Effectively solve the problem of preventing ash accumulation. The convection heat transfer area of ​​the boiler adopts a light tube structure and each level of heat transfer components is equipped with a soot blower, and the lowest point of each flue gas return is equipped with an ash drop device. Since the furnace adopts a water-cooled wall structure, the furnace temperature is reduced to ensure that the dust in the high-temperature flue gas will not melt and adhere to the pipes in the convection heat transfer area, effectively preventing ash accumulation.

[0012] 2. Effectively solve the coking problem. The furnace adopts a membrane water-cooled wall structure and the combustion area is equipped with a secondary air device, which can effectively reduce the furnace temperature and effectively solve the coking problem on both sides of the inclined reciprocating grate, ensuring high heat transfer effect.

[0013] 3. Improve combustion efficiency. The unburned biomass fuel in the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace is provided with oxygen by the secondary air device and turbulent flue gas to make it fully burned, which can greatly improve the combustion efficiency of the fuel and effectively reduce the furnace temperature.

[0014] 4. The utility model has a simple structure. The boiler body adopts a membrane water-cooled wall structure and a light insulation furnace wall, which can greatly reduce the installation period and installation cost of the boiler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure numerals: inclined reciprocating grate combustion equipment 1, furnace heating surface 2, convection heating surface 3, superheater heating surface 4, economizer heating surface 5, air preheater heating surface 6, SCR denitrification equipment 7, ash falling device 8, soot blower 9, secondary air device 10, furnace 11, flue 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0018] In addition, the directional words mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", etc., are only referenced to the directions of the drawings. Therefore, the directional words used are used to illustrate rather than limit the invention of the utility model.

[0019] like Figure 1As shown, a biomass boiler for preventing ash accumulation and coking comprises an inclined reciprocating grate combustion device 1, a furnace heating surface 2, a convection heating surface 3, a superheater heating surface 4, an economizer heating surface 5, an air preheater heating surface 6, an SCR denitration device 7, an ash falling device 8, a soot blower 9, a secondary air device 10, a furnace 11 and a flue 12. The inclined reciprocating grate combustion device 1, the furnace 11, the convection heating surface 3 and the flue 12 are arranged in sequence, and the superheater heating surface 4, the SCR denitration device 7, the economizer heating surface 5, and the air preheater heating surface 6 are arranged in sequence in the flue. The soot blower 9 is arranged on the convection heating surface 3, the superheater heating surface 4, the economizer heating surface 5, and the air preheater heating surface 6. The ash falling device 8 is arranged at the lowest point of each return. The secondary air device 10 is arranged on the furnace 11.

[0020] The furnace heating surface 2 is a water-cooled wall structure. The convection heating surface 3, the superheater heating surface 4, the economizer heating surface 5, and the air preheater heating surface 6 are all bare tube structures.

[0021] The biomass fuel enters the inclined reciprocating grate combustion device 1 through the feeding device for combustion. The unburned biomass fuel in the burning high-temperature flue gas is provided with oxygen and turbulent flue gas by the secondary air device 10 to make it fully burned. The burnt high-temperature flue gas absorbs the radiation heat through the furnace heating surface 2 and is reduced to below the ash melting point flue gas temperature. It is convectively heat-exchanged through the convection heating surface 3, and the dust in the flue gas is collected by the ash falling device 8. The medium-temperature flue gas passes through the superheater heating surface 4, the SCR denitrification equipment 7, the economizer heating surface 5, and the air preheater heating surface 6 in turn.

[0022] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biomass boiler to prevent dust and coking, comprising an inclined reciprocating grate combustion device, a furnace, a flue, a heating surface and an SCR denitrification device, characterized in that: It also includes an ash dropping device and a soot blower. The ash dropping device is arranged on the flue, and the soot blower is arranged on the heating surface.

2. The anti-dust and coke biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating surface includes a furnace heating surface, a convection heating surface, a superheater heating surface, an economizer heating surface, and an air preheater heating surface.

3. The anti-dust and coking biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash falling device is arranged at the lowest point of each return path of the flue.

4. The anti-dust and coke-forming biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a secondary air device, which is arranged on the furnace.

5. The anti-dust and coke-forming biomass boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The furnace heating surface is a water-cooled wall structure.

6. The anti-dust and coke-forming biomass boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The convection heating surface, superheater heating surface, economizer heating surface and air preheater heating surface are all bare tube structures.

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