Drill bit capable of expanding and drilling and drilling machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a drill bit and a drilling machine capable of expanding and drilling, the drill bit comprises a drill bit body and a drill tooth assembly, and the drill tooth assembly is mounted at the bottom of the drill bit body; the drill bit further comprises at least one reaming assembly which is installed at the bottom of the drill bit body, the reaming assembly has a first posture and a second posture, when the reaming assembly is in the first posture, the maximum turning radius of the reaming assembly is smaller than that of the drill tooth assembly, and when the reaming assembly is in the second posture, the maximum turning radius of the reaming assembly is smaller than that of the drill tooth assembly. And the maximum turning radius of the drill tooth assembly is larger than that of the drill tooth assembly. The reaming assembly is additionally arranged on the drill bit, the drill bit swings outwards under the action force formed between the drill bit and the ground during drilling, and therefore the purpose that the drill bit can go deep into a steel casing before drilling is achieved, and the purpose that the hole diameter is enlarged to ensure that the hole diameter of a whole hole is consistent up and down after the steel casing is removed during continuous drilling is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a drill bit and a drilling machine capable of expanding and drilling holes. Background Art

[0002] Generally speaking, the construction of cast-in-place piles needs to consider the soil layer conditions. The soil layers are distributed differently from shallow to deep. Generally, the deeper the soil layer, the harder the soil. If the upper soil is soft, a steel casing is needed to protect the wall after the upper drilling is completed. The steel casing itself has a certain thickness, so if you continue drilling, you need to replace it with a larger diameter drill bit to ensure that the hole diameter is consistent from top to bottom after the final drilling. However, without removing the steel casing, a larger diameter drill bit cannot pass through the steel casing and be placed in the drilled hole to continue drilling. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drill bit and a drilling machine capable of expanding a hole and drilling, which can meet the construction requirements of expanding a hole through a steel casing by changing the rotation diameter.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a drill bit capable of reaming and drilling, comprising a drill bit body and a drill tooth assembly, wherein the drill tooth assembly is mounted at the bottom of the drill bit body; and further comprising at least one reaming assembly, wherein the reaming assembly is mounted at the bottom of the drill bit body, wherein the reaming assembly has a first posture and a second posture, wherein when the reaming assembly is in the first posture, its maximum rotation radius is smaller than the maximum rotation radius of the drill tooth assembly, and when the reaming assembly is in the second posture, its maximum rotation radius is greater than the maximum rotation radius of the drill tooth assembly.

[0005] Furthermore, the reaming assembly can be transformed from the first posture to the second posture after being acted upon by an external force, and can be transformed from the second posture to the first posture only under the action of gravity.

[0006] Further, the reaming assembly comprises a limit block, a movable tooth seat and a reaming tooth; the movable tooth seat is hingedly installed, and the reaming tooth is fixedly installed on the movable tooth seat; the limit block is fixedly installed, and has a first limit surface and a second limit surface;

[0007] When the movable tooth seat contacts the first limiting surface, the reaming assembly is in the first posture, and when the movable tooth seat contacts the second limiting surface, the reaming assembly is in the second posture.

[0008] Further, the reaming assembly comprises a limit block, a limit seat, a connecting rod, a movable tooth seat and a reaming tooth; the movable tooth seat is hingedly installed, the reaming tooth and the connecting rod are fixedly installed on the movable tooth seat, and the connecting rod is provided with a limit axis; the limit seat has a limit slide groove; the limit block is fixedly installed, and has a second limit surface;

[0009] When the limiting shaft slides to the top end of the limiting slide groove, the reaming assembly is in the first posture, and when the movable gear seat contacts the second limiting surface, the reaming assembly is in the second posture.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a base plate, which is detachably fixed on the bottom of the drill body, and the reaming assembly is installed on the base plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the reaming teeth are arranged along a straight line so that the tooth tips of all the reaming teeth are collinear, and the arrangement direction forms an acute angle with the center line of the hinge shaft of the movable gear seat.

[0012] Furthermore, when the reaming assembly is in the second posture, the projection of the straight line formed by the tooth tips of the reaming teeth on the bottom of the drill body is tangent to the projection of the circle corresponding to the maximum drilling diameter of the drilling tooth assembly on the bottom of the drill body.

[0013] Furthermore, the reaming assembly is eccentrically mounted at the bottom of the drill body.

[0014] Furthermore, the drill tooth assembly includes side teeth, main teeth and center teeth; the center teeth are arranged at the center position, and the side teeth are arranged at the edge position; the center teeth are set at the lowest height, and the side teeth are set at the highest height, and the main teeth are arranged in sequence along an oblique line from the center teeth to the edge, and the projection of the oblique line on the bottom surface of the drill body points to its center.

[0015] The present invention also provides a drilling machine, comprising a drill bit, wherein the drill bit is the above-mentioned drill bit capable of hole enlarging and drilling.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the drill bit in the present invention is increased with a hole expansion assembly, which utilizes the force formed between the drill bit and the ground during drilling to cause the drill bit to swing outward, thereby achieving the purpose of enabling the drill bit to penetrate deeply into the steel casing before drilling, and achieving the purpose of expanding the hole diameter when continuing to drill to ensure that the hole diameter of the entire hole is consistent from top to bottom after the steel casing is removed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural stereogram of the first embodiment of the present invention (without the outer sleeve);

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural side view of the first embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a bottom view of the structure of Embodiment 1;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a partial enlarged view of the hole expansion assembly in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 5 is a state change diagram of the hole expansion assembly in the first posture and the second posture in the first embodiment;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural side view of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a bottom view of the structure of the second embodiment;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a partial enlarged view of the hole expansion assembly in the second embodiment;

[0025] Fig. 9 is a state change diagram of the hole expansion assembly in the second embodiment in the first posture and the second posture;

[0026] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of drilling a hole in a soft soil layer using a conventional drill bit;

[0027] Fig.11 The schematic diagram is a structural diagram of using the drill bit of the present invention to drill a hole in a hard soil layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0029] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present embodiment discloses a drill bit capable of reaming and drilling, including a drill bit body, a drill tooth assembly and a hole assembly 6. The drill bit body includes an upper base 1, a lower base 2 and an outer sleeve 4 connecting the upper base 1 and the lower base 2. The upper base 1 and the lower base 2 are coaxially connected by a central axis, and the upper base 1 is used to connect to a working device on the drilling rig, so that the entire drill bit can be rotated under power drive. The drill tooth assembly and the hole reaming assembly 6 are both installed at the bottom of the drill bit body, that is, the bottom surface of the lower base 2. There are two hole reaming assemblies 6 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the hole reaming assembly 6 has a first posture and a second posture. When it is in the first posture, its maximum rotation radius is smaller than the maximum rotation radius of the drill tooth assembly, and when it is in the second posture, its maximum rotation radius is larger than the maximum rotation radius of the drill tooth assembly. As shown Figure 4As shown, the reaming assembly 6 includes a limit block 6.1, a movable tooth seat 6.2 and a reaming tooth 6.3. The movable tooth seat 6.2 is hingedly installed, and the reaming tooth 6.3 is fixedly installed on the movable tooth seat 6.2; the limit block 6.1 is fixedly installed, and has a first limit surface 6.11 and a second limit surface 6.12. The angle between the first limit surface 6.11 and the lower base 2 is α2, and the angle between the second limit surface 6.11 and the lower base 2 is α1, α2>α1, so the angle between the first limit surface 6.11 and the second limit surface 6.12 is α2-α1.

[0030] When the drill bit is in a non-working state, since the drill bit and the ground are not in contact with each other, the movable tooth seat 6.2 sags under the action of gravity and is in a first posture under the constraint of the first limit surface 6.11. When the drill bit descends and the reaming tooth 6.3 contacts the ground, the reaction force exerted by the ground causes the movable tooth seat 6.2 to swing upward around the hinge axis until it is constrained by the second limit surface 6.12 and is in a second posture. At this time, the maximum rotation radius of the reaming tooth 6.3 is greater than the maximum rotation radius of the drilling tooth assembly, achieving the purpose of reaming.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, preferably, the reaming teeth 6.3 are arranged along a straight line so that the tooth tips of all reaming teeth 6.3 are collinear, and the arrangement direction forms an acute angle with the center line of the hinge axis of the movable tooth seat 6.2.

[0032] Preferably, when the reaming assembly 6 is in the second posture, the projection of the straight line 200 formed by the tooth tips of the reaming teeth 6.3 at the bottom of the lower base 2 is tangent to the projection of the circle 100 corresponding to the maximum drilling diameter of the drilling tooth assembly at the bottom of the lower base 2. In this way, the hole formed by the drilling assembly and the annular groove formed by the reaming assembly 6 can be connected as one when drilling, so that the aperture of the entire hole is increased, and the purpose of reaming is achieved. Moreover, when drilling, the force on the reaming assembly 6 is more reasonable, which can reduce the loss of the reaming teeth 6.3 caused by uneven force. It should be noted that due to the arrangement of the reaming teeth 6.3, when in the second posture, the reaming teeth 6.3 are arranged from high to low in the order of small to large rotation diameter.

[0033] Preferably, the reaming assembly 6 is eccentrically mounted at the bottom of the drill body, that is, the center line of the reaming assembly 6 is not colinear with the center of the lower base 2 .

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, a bottom plate 9 is further included, and the bottom plate 9 is detachably fixedly mounted on the bottom of the lower base, and the hole expansion assembly 6 is mounted on the bottom plate 9. The bottom plate 9 can realize the detachable installation of the hole expansion assembly 6.

[0035] like Figure 3As shown, as a preferred embodiment, the drill tooth assembly includes side teeth 3, main teeth 5 and center teeth 7; the center teeth 7 are arranged at the center position, and the side teeth 3 are arranged at the edge position; the center teeth 7 are arranged at the lowest height, and the side teeth 3 are arranged at the highest height. The main teeth 5 are arranged from low to high along the oblique line from the center teeth 7 to the edge, and the projection of the oblique line on the bottom surface of the lower base 2 points to the center of the circle. It should be noted that the main teeth 5 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center teeth 7, and the main teeth 5 on both sides are oriented in opposite directions. Example

[0036] like Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the structural composition of the hole expansion assembly 6 is different, that is, the hole expansion assembly 6 includes a limit block 6.1, a limit seat 6.5, a connecting rod 6.4, a movable tooth seat 6.2 and a hole expansion tooth 6.3. The movable tooth seat 6.2 is hingedly installed, the hole expansion tooth 6.3 and the connecting rod 6.4 are fixedly installed on the movable tooth seat 6.2, and the connecting rod 6.4 is provided with a limit axis 6.41; the limit seat 6.5 has a limit slide groove 6.51; the limit block 6.1 is fixedly installed, and has a second limit surface 6.12.

[0037] When the limiting shaft 6.41 slides to the top of the limiting slot 6.51, the reaming assembly 6 is in the first posture, and when the movable tooth seat 6.2 contacts the second limiting surface 6.12, the reaming assembly 6 is in the second posture. That is, when the reaming assembly 6 is in the first posture, the limiting shaft 6.41 slides to the top of the limiting slot 6.51; when the reaming assembly 6 is in the second posture, the movable tooth seat 6.2 contacts the second limiting surface 6.12.

[0038] In this example, the hole expansion assembly 6 can also be detachably installed through the base plate 9, which will not be described in detail here.

[0039] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a drilling rig, whose drill bit is the drill bit disclosed in Example 1 and Example 2, which can achieve the purpose of expanding and drilling the original hole.

[0040] like Fig.10 As shown, the first choice is to use a conventional drill bit to drill a hole with a diameter of D1 and a depth of H on the ground according to the soil conditions, then withdraw the drill bit from the hole and put the pre-prepared steel casing into the hole as a wall protection to prevent collapse. The inner diameter of the steel casing is D2.

[0041] like Fig.11As shown, after the steel casing is installed, the drill bit of the present invention is replaced on the drilling rig. Since the reaming assembly 6 is in the first posture at this time, the rotation diameter D4 of the reaming assembly 6 is smaller than the maximum rotation radius D3 of the drill bit, and D3 is smaller than D2, it can be placed in the steel casing. When the reaming assembly 6 of the drill bit contacts the bottom of the hole, the reaming assembly 6 will swing outward to the second posture under the reaction force when the drill bit continues to be lowered. At this time, the maximum rotation diameter of the drill bit is D1, which is the same as the aperture of the hole drilled by a conventional drill bit. After the drilling is completed, the drill bit is lifted up. At this time, the reaming assembly 6 automatically returns to the first posture due to the loss of external force. At this time, the drill bit can pass through the steel casing again and withdraw from the hole. After the drilling is completed, the diameter of the hole obtained after the steel casing is removed is consistent from top to bottom.

[0042] The matters not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies to those skilled in the art.

[0043] The above specific implementation methods are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified and replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill bit capable of reaming and drilling, comprising a drill bit body and a drill tooth assembly, wherein the drill tooth assembly is mounted at the bottom of the drill bit body; characterized in that: The drill bit further comprises at least one reaming assembly (6), the reaming assembly (6) being mounted at the bottom of the drill bit body, the reaming assembly (6) having a first posture and a second posture, wherein when the reaming assembly is in the first posture, its maximum rotation radius is smaller than the maximum rotation radius of the drill tooth assembly, and when the reaming assembly is in the second posture, its maximum rotation radius is larger than the maximum rotation radius of the drill tooth assembly; The reaming assembly (6) is capable of changing from the first posture to the second posture after being acted upon by an external force, and is capable of changing from the second posture to the first posture only under the action of gravity; The hole expansion assembly (6) adopts any of the following structures:

1. The reaming assembly (6) comprises a limit block (6.1), a movable tooth seat (6.2) and a reaming tooth (6.3); the movable tooth seat (6.2) is hingedly mounted, and the reaming tooth (6.3) is fixedly mounted on the movable tooth seat (6.2); the limit block (6.1) is fixedly mounted, and has a first limit surface (6.11) and a second limit surface (6.12); When the movable tooth seat (6.2) contacts the first limiting surface (6.11), the hole expansion assembly (6) is in the first posture, and when the movable tooth seat (6.2) contacts the second limiting surface (6.12), the hole expansion assembly (6) is in the second posture; 2. The reaming assembly (6) comprises a limit block (6.1), a limit seat (6.5), a connecting rod (6.4), a movable tooth seat (6.2) and a reaming tooth (6.3); the movable tooth seat (6.2) is hingedly mounted, the reaming tooth (6.3) and the connecting rod (6.4) are both fixedly mounted on the movable tooth seat (6.2), and the connecting rod (6.4) is provided with a limit axis (6.41); the limit seat (6.5) has a limit slide groove (6.51); the limit block (6.1) is fixedly mounted and has a second limit surface (6.12); When the limiting shaft (6.41) slides to the top end of the limiting sliding groove (6.51), the reaming assembly (6) is in the first posture, and when the movable tooth seat (6.2) contacts the second limiting surface (6.12), the reaming assembly (6) is in the second posture; When the reaming assembly (6) is in the second posture, the projection of a straight line (200) formed by the tooth tips of the reaming teeth (6.3) on the bottom of the drill body is tangent to the projection of a circle (100) corresponding to the maximum drilling diameter of the drilling tooth assembly on the bottom of the drill body.

2. A drill bit capable of hole enlarging and drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a bottom plate (9), the bottom plate (9) being detachably fixedly mounted on the bottom of the drill body, and the reaming assembly (6) being mounted on the bottom plate (9).

3. A drill bit capable of hole enlarging and drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaming teeth (6.3) are arranged along a straight line so that the tooth tips of all the reaming teeth (6.3) are collinear, and the arrangement direction forms an acute angle with the center line of the hinge axis of the movable tooth seat (6.2).

4. A drill bit capable of hole enlarging and drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hole expansion assembly (6) is eccentrically mounted at the bottom of the drill body.

5. A drill bit capable of hole enlarging and drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill tooth assembly comprises side teeth (3), main teeth (5) and center teeth (7); the center teeth (7) are arranged at a central position, and the side teeth (3) are arranged at an edge position; the center teeth (7) are arranged at the lowest height, and the side teeth (3) are arranged at the highest height; the main teeth (5) are arranged in sequence along an oblique line from the center teeth (7) to the edge, and the projection of the oblique line on the bottom surface of the drill body points to the center of the circle.

6. A drilling machine, comprising a drill bit, characterized in that: The drill bit is a drill bit capable of hole enlarging and drilling as described in claim 1.

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