Mechanical crushing equipment for soil

Abstract

The utility model discloses mechanical crushing equipment for soil, which relates to the technical field of soil crushing and comprises a crushing box, two crushing rollers are symmetrically arranged in the crushing box and are rotationally connected with the crushing box through rotating shafts, and a driving structure for driving the two crushing rollers to synchronously and reversely rotate is mounted on the back side of the crushing box. A plurality of uniformly distributed crushing teeth are formed on the surfaces of the peripheral sides of the crushing rollers, two symmetrically arranged vibration components are mounted in the crushing box, the two vibration components are respectively positioned on the outer sides, far away from the middle part of the crushing box, of the two crushing rollers, and each vibration component comprises a rotating rod, a vibration rod, a connecting rod and a torsional spring. The purpose of crushing and cleaning at the same time in the crushing process is achieved, the phenomenon that the crushing effect is poor or crushing cannot be achieved due to the fact that more and more soil adheres to the crushing rollers is avoided, shutdown cleaning is not needed, the automation degree is high, and the soil crushing efficiency can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of soil crushing, in particular to a mechanical crushing device for soil. Background Art

[0002] The soil used for agricultural planting tends to clump over time. Especially during the seedling cultivation process, higher requirements are placed on the soil. The clumping soil reduces the air permeability of the seedling roots, and the soil needs to be crushed. During the soil crushing process, some fertilizers are often added to make the soil more suitable for seedling growth.

[0003] In the prior art, when the soil is crushed, the soil tends to adhere to and become compacted inside the crushing equipment, mainly by adhering to the crushing elements (such as the crushing roller), which reduces the crushing effect or even makes the crushing impossible. After a period of use, the machine needs to be shut down for cleaning, which increases the crushing cycle and reduces the crushing efficiency. Therefore, a mechanical crushing equipment for soil is needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a soil mechanical crushing device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a mechanical soil crushing device, comprising a crushing box, two crushing rollers are symmetrically arranged in the crushing box, the two crushing rollers are rotatably connected to the crushing box through a rotating shaft, a driving structure for driving the two crushing rollers to rotate synchronously in opposite directions is installed on the back side of the crushing box, and a plurality of evenly distributed crushing teeth are formed on the peripheral side surface of the crushing roller;

[0006] Two symmetrically arranged vibration components are installed in the crushing box. The two vibration components are respectively located on the outer sides of the two crushing rollers away from the middle of the crushing box. The vibration components include:

[0007] A rotating rod, the axis of which is arranged parallel to the center axis of the crushing roller, and the two ends of which are respectively rotatably connected to the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the crushing box;

[0008] A vibrating rod, which is arranged parallel to the rotating rod and located on a side of the rotating rod close to the crushing roller, and the vibrating rod rotates in a circle along the axis of the rotating rod;

[0009] A connecting rod, both ends of which are respectively fixed to the rotating rod and the vibrating rod;

[0010] Torsion springs, two torsion springs are provided and are respectively sleeved on both ends of the rotating rod, one end of the torsion spring is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing box, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed to the side wall of the connecting rod close to the inner wall of the crushing box;

[0011] When the crushing roller rotates, the vibration rod, under the elastic force of the torsion spring, hits a plurality of crushing teeth that coincide with the position of the vibration rod in sequence.

[0012] As a further supplement to this solution, the crushing roller includes:

[0013] Center roller, a roller shaft is fixed in the middle of the center roller, both ends of the center roller are rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the crushing box through the roller shaft, and a plurality of mounting grooves parallel to the axis of the center roller are opened on the peripheral surface of the center roller;

[0014] Wherein, the driving structure drives the central roller to rotate;

[0015] The assembly roller shell is an arc-shaped plate that fits the peripheral surface of the center roller. The assembly roller shell is provided with multiple pulverizing teeth that are arranged around the peripheral side of the center roller. The multiple crushing teeth are respectively fixed on the outer sides of the multiple assembly roller shells. The inner sides of the multiple assembly roller shells are all fixed with sliding rods. The multiple sliding rods are respectively movably embedded in the multiple installation grooves, and the width of the sliding rods is less than half of the width of the installation grooves.

[0016] A return spring, the return spring is located in the installation groove, and two ends of the return spring are respectively fixed to the side wall of the installation groove away from the sliding rod and the side wall of the sliding rod;

[0017] The limiting member is used to limit the sliding direction of the slide bar so that the slide bar can only slide along the installation groove.

[0018] As a further supplement to this solution, an internal threaded hole is provided at the end of the center roller, and both ends of the slide rod extend to the outside of the mounting groove;

[0019] The limiting member includes two limiting end covers arranged at both ends of the center roller, and the limiting end covers are detachably connected to the ends of the center roller by fastening bolts, and the fastening bolts are threadably adapted to the internal threaded holes;

[0020] A plurality of limiting sliding holes are provided on the limiting end cover, and the plurality of limiting sliding holes are distributed in an array along the circumference of the axis of the center roller, and the plurality of limiting sliding holes correspond to the plurality of mounting grooves one by one, and the cross-sectional shape and size of the limiting sliding holes are consistent with the cross-sectional shape and size of the mounting grooves;

[0021] The two ends of the slide bar are respectively movably inserted into the limiting slide holes of the two limiting end covers.

[0022] As a further supplement to this solution, a compensating adjustment mechanism is also installed inside the crushing box, and the compensating adjustment mechanism includes:

[0023] A fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing box, and the fixing plate is located above the rotating rod;

[0024] The compensation spring, the upper end of the compensation spring is connected to the fixed plate with an adjustable distance through an adjusting piece, and the lower end of the compensation spring is fixed to the connecting rod through a reinforcing piece.

[0025] As a further supplement to this solution, the adjusting part includes an adjusting bolt and a movable block. The adjusting bolt thread passes through the fixed plate and the end extends to the bottom of the fixed plate. The upper end of the movable block is rotatably connected to the lower end of the adjusting bolt, and the lower end of the movable block is fixed to the upper end of the compensation spring.

[0026] As a further supplement to this solution, the reinforcement member includes a reinforcement plate, which is an L-shaped plate and forms a triangular structure with the connecting rod, and the two ends of the reinforcement plate are respectively fixed to the rotating rod and the vibrating rod;

[0027] The lower end of the compensation spring is fixed to one side of the reinforcement plate.

[0028] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of the utility model are:

[0029] 1. In the utility model, through the setting of the vibration assembly, during the crushing process, when the crushing teeth of the crushing roller rotate to the bottom of the vibration rod, the vibration rod hits the crushing teeth under the elastic force of the torsion spring, so that the crushing teeth vibrate and the soil between the crushing teeth and the surface of the crushing roller is shaken off, and then the vibration rod is lifted with the crushing teeth until the vibration rod is deflected and separated from the crushing teeth, so that the vibration rod can be pressed down again under the elastic force of the torsion spring and hit the subsequent crushing teeth;

[0030] Thereby achieving the purpose of crushing and cleaning at the same time during the crushing process, avoiding the soil sticking to the crushing roller and accumulating more and more, resulting in poor crushing effect or failure to crush. There is no need to stop the machine for cleaning. The high degree of automation can significantly improve the soil crushing efficiency.

[0031] 2. In the utility model, by setting the compensation spring, more driving force can be provided for the vibration rod, so that the vibration rod can produce a greater knocking force, can produce a greater vibration, and improve the cleaning effect of the soil;

[0032] At the same time, the staff can turn the adjusting bolt to press the movable block downward, thereby pre-compressing the compensation spring, changing the extension length of the compensation spring, and thus changing the tension that the compensation spring can form, so as to adjust the assisting force applied by the compensation spring to the vibration rod, so that the staff can adjust the impact force of the vibration rod according to actual cleaning needs, so as to achieve more flexible use effects and meet various cleaning needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure in this embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the crushing box in this embodiment;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the crushing roller in this embodiment;

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration assembly and compensation adjustment mechanism in this embodiment.

[0038] In the figure: 1. crushing box; 11. feeding port; 12. guide block; 13. material taking port; 14. operation port; 2. side door; 3. crushing roller; 31. center roller; 311. mounting groove; 312. internal threaded hole; 32. assembly roller shell; 321. crushing teeth; 322. slide rod; 33. limit end cover; 331. limit slide hole; 34. reset spring; 35. fastening bolt; 4. vibration assembly; 41. rotating rod; 42. vibration rod; 43. connecting rod; 44. torsion spring; 45. reinforcement plate; 5. aggregate frame; 6. compensation adjustment mechanism; 61. fixing plate; 62. compensation spring; 63. adjustment bolt; 64. movable block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0040] Example: Reference Figure 1-4A soil mechanical crushing device shown in the figure comprises a crushing box 1, a feeding port 11 is arranged at the upper end of the crushing box 1, a guide block 12 is fixed in the feeding port 11, two crushing rollers 3 are symmetrically arranged in the crushing box 1, the guide block 12 guides the soil to between the two crushing rollers 3, the two crushing rollers 3 are rotatably connected to the crushing box 1 through a rotating shaft, a driving structure (not shown in the figure) for driving the two crushing rollers 3 to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction is installed on the back side of the crushing box 1, and the driving structure can be composed of a servo motor and a transmission gear set commonly used in the prior art. The servo motor and the transmission gear are both prior art well known to those skilled in the art, and their specific structure and installation method are based on being able to drive the two crushing rollers 3 to rotate relative to each other, which will not be repeated here, and an aggregate frame 5 is also placed below the two crushing rollers 3, and the aggregate frame 5 is used to collect crushed soil, and a feeding port 13 for the aggregate frame 5 to enter and exit is opened at the position of the crushing box 1 corresponding to the aggregate frame 5, and a plurality of evenly distributed crushing teeth 321 are formed on the peripheral surface of the crushing roller 3;

[0041] Two symmetrically arranged vibration components 4 are installed in the crushing box 1. The two vibration components 4 are respectively located on the outer sides of the two crushing rollers 3 away from the middle of the crushing box 1. The vibration components 4 include:

[0042] A rotating rod 41, the axis of which is parallel to the center axis of the crushing roller 3, and the two ends of the rotating rod 41 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the crushing box 1 respectively;

[0043] A vibrating rod 42, which is arranged parallel to the rotating rod 41 and is located on a side of the rotating rod 41 close to the crushing roller 3, and the vibrating rod 42 rotates in a circle along the axis of the rotating rod 41;

[0044] A connecting rod 43, both ends of which are fixed to the rotating rod 41 and the vibrating rod 42 respectively;

[0045] Torsion spring 44, two torsion springs 44 are provided and are respectively sleeved on both ends of the rotating rod 41, one end of the torsion spring 44 is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing box 1, and the other end of the torsion spring 44 is fixed to the side wall of the connecting rod 43 close to the inner wall of the crushing box 1;

[0046] When the pulverizing roller 3 rotates, the vibration rod 42 sequentially strikes a plurality of pulverizing teeth 321 that coincide with the positions of the vibration rod 42 under the elastic force of the torsion spring 44 .

[0047] Based on the above structure, during the crushing process, when the crushing teeth 321 of the crushing roller 3 rotate to below the vibration rod 42, the vibration rod 42 hits the crushing teeth 321 under the elastic force of the torsion spring 44, so that the crushing teeth 321 vibrate and shake off the soil between the crushing teeth 321 and the surface of the crushing roller 3. Then, the vibration rod 42 is lifted along with the crushing teeth 321 until the vibration rod 42 deflects and disengages from the crushing teeth 321, so that the vibration rod 42 is pressed down again under the elastic force of the torsion spring 44 and hits the subsequent crushing teeth 321.

[0048] Thereby, the purpose of crushing and cleaning at the same time is achieved during the crushing process, and the soil is prevented from sticking to the crushing roller 3 and accumulating more and more, resulting in poor crushing effect or failure to crush. There is no need to stop the machine for cleaning, and the degree of automation is high, which can significantly improve the soil crushing efficiency.

[0049] Further, the crushing roller 3 comprises:

[0050] A center roller 31, a roller shaft is fixed in the middle of the center roller 31, both ends of the center roller 31 are rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the crushing box 1 through the roller shaft, and a plurality of mounting grooves 311 arranged parallel to the axis of the center roller 31 are provided on the peripheral surface of the center roller 31;

[0051] Wherein, the driving structure drives the central roller 31 to rotate;

[0052] The assembly roller shell 32 is an arc-shaped plate that fits the peripheral surface of the center roller 31. The assembly roller shell 32 is provided with a plurality of pulverizing teeth 321 that are respectively fixed to the outer sides of the plurality of assembly roller shells 32. The inner sides of the plurality of assembly roller shells 32 are all fixed with sliding rods 322 that are respectively movably embedded in the plurality of mounting grooves 311, and the width of the sliding rods 322 is less than half the width of the mounting grooves 311.

[0053] The return spring 34 is located in the mounting groove 311, and the two ends of the return spring 34 are respectively fixed to the side wall of the mounting groove 311 away from the sliding rod 322 and the side wall of the sliding rod 322;

[0054] The limiting member is used to limit the sliding direction of the sliding rod 322 so that the sliding rod 322 can only slide along the installation groove 311.

[0055] The crushing roller 3 is provided with two parts (i.e., the center roller 31 and the assembly roller shell 32) that can be assembled and disassembled, and the installation groove 311 and the slide bar 322 are provided, so that the slide bar 322 can slide in the installation groove 311, thereby enabling the assembly roller shell 32 to slide outside the center roller 31;

[0056] When the vibration rod 42 hits the crushing tooth 321, the crushing tooth 321 drives the assembly roller shell 32 to move after being hit, so that the sliding rod 322 slides in the installation groove 311 and compresses the return spring 34. Since the vibration rod 42 is also moved by the elastic force of the torsion spring 44, there will be a certain rebound after the vibration rod 42 hits the crushing tooth 321, so that the return spring 34 can release part of the elastic force, so that the vibration rod 42 and the crushing tooth 321 hit again. After one to three collisions, the two are pressed against each other. In this process, the crushing tooth 321 is affected by the impact and vibrates, so that the crushing tooth 321 and the assembly roller shell 32 Part of the soil adhered to the surface falls off due to the vibration; setting a movable assembly roller shell 32 can not only reduce the hard wear of the vibration rod 42 and the crushing teeth 321 when they collide with each other, but also has a buffering effect, and plays a certain protective role on the vibration rod 42 and the crushing teeth 321; at the same time, it can also ensure that when the vibration rod 42 hits the crushing teeth 321 on one of the assembly roller shells 32, it will not affect the crushing teeth 321 on other assembly roller shells 32, thereby avoiding uncontrollable influence on the soil crushing operation, which is conducive to ensuring that the effect of crushing the soil is more stable, and at the same time it can also avoid fatigue damage to the crushing roller 3 as a whole due to the influence of vibration.

[0057] Furthermore, an internal threaded hole 312 is formed at the end of the center roller 31, and both ends of the slide rod 322 extend to the outside of the mounting groove 311;

[0058] The limiting member includes two limiting end covers 33 arranged at both ends of the center roller 31. The limiting end covers 33 are detachably connected to the ends of the center roller 31 through fastening bolts 35. The fastening bolts 35 are threadably matched with the internal threaded holes 312.

[0059] The limiting end cover 33 is provided with a plurality of limiting sliding holes 331, which are arranged in an array along the circumference of the axis of the center roller 31, and the plurality of limiting sliding holes 331 correspond to the plurality of mounting grooves 311 one by one, and the cross-sectional shape and size of the limiting sliding holes 331 are consistent with the cross-sectional shape and size of the mounting grooves 311;

[0060] The two ends of the slide rod 322 are movably inserted into the limiting slide holes 331 of the two limiting end covers 33;

[0061] Thereby, the slide bar 322 (ie, the assembly roller shell 32 ) is limited to prevent the slide bar 322 from sliding out of the installation groove 311 , thereby ensuring that the assembly roller shell 32 and the center roller 31 are stably connected.

[0062] Furthermore, a compensating adjustment mechanism 6 is installed inside the crushing box 1, and the compensating adjustment mechanism 6 includes:

[0063] A fixing plate 61, the fixing plate 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing box 1, and the fixing plate 61 is located above the rotating rod 41;

[0064] The compensation spring 62 has an upper end connected to the fixing plate 61 via an adjusting member and a lower end fixed to the connecting rod 43 via a reinforcing member.

[0065] By setting the compensation spring 62, more driving force (elastic force of the compensation spring 62) can be provided to the vibration rod 42, so that the striking force generated by the vibration rod 42 is greater, greater vibration can be generated, and the cleaning effect of the soil is improved.

[0066] Furthermore, the adjusting member includes an adjusting bolt 63 and a movable block 64. The adjusting bolt 63 is threadedly passed through the fixed plate 61 and the end thereof extends below the fixed plate 61. The upper end of the movable block 64 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the adjusting bolt 63. The lower end of the movable block 64 is fixed to the upper end of the compensation spring 62.

[0067] An operation opening 14 penetrating through the crushing box 1 is formed on the side wall of the crushing box 1 corresponding to the fixing plate 61 , and the side door 2 is clamped in the operation opening 14 .

[0068] The staff can turn the adjusting bolt 63 to press the movable block 64 downward, thereby pre-compressing the compensation spring 62, so that the extension length of the compensation spring 62 changes, thereby changing the tension that the compensation spring 62 can form, so as to adjust the assisting force applied by the compensation spring 62 to the vibration rod 42, so that the staff can adjust the striking force of the vibration rod 42 according to the actual cleaning needs, so as to achieve a more flexible use effect and meet various cleaning needs.

[0069] Furthermore, the reinforcement member includes a reinforcement plate 45, which is an L-shaped plate and forms a triangular structure with the connecting rod 43, and the two ends of the reinforcement plate 45 are respectively fixed to the rotating rod 41 and the vibration rod 42; the reinforcement plate 45 can enhance the overall structural strength of the vibration rod 42 and the rotating rod 41, thereby making the vibration rod 42 more structurally stable during multiple knocking processes, thereby ensuring its good and stable use effect.

[0070] The lower end of the compensation spring 62 is fixed to one side of the reinforcing plate 45 .

[0071] Working principle of the utility model: In daily use, the staff uses the driving structure to drive the two crushing rollers 3 to rotate relative to each other, and puts the soil to be crushed into the crushing box 1 from the feeding port 11. The soil moves to the upper end of the middle part of the two crushing rollers 3 under the guidance of the guide block 12, and finally falls between the two crushing rollers 3, so that the soil is crushed by the two crushing rollers 3. The crushed soil falls into the aggregate frame 5 and is collected for subsequent use;

[0072] During the crushing process, when the crushing teeth 321 of the crushing roller 3 rotate to below the vibration rod 42, the vibration rod 42 hits the crushing teeth 321 under the elastic force of the torsion spring 44, so that the crushing teeth 321 vibrate and shake off the soil between the crushing teeth 321 and the surface of the crushing roller 3. Then, the vibration rod 42 is lifted along with the crushing teeth 321 until the vibration rod 42 deflects and disengages from the crushing teeth 321, so that the vibration rod 42 is pressed down again under the elastic force of the torsion spring 44 and hits the subsequent crushing teeth 321.

[0073] Thus, the purpose of crushing and cleaning at the same time is achieved during the crushing process, and the soil is prevented from sticking to the crushing roller 3 and accumulating more and more, resulting in poor crushing effect or failure to crush. There is no need to stop the machine for cleaning, and the degree of automation is high, which can significantly improve the soil crushing efficiency.

[0074] In addition, by configuring the crushing roller 3 to be two assembleable and detachable parts, namely the center roller 31 and the assembly roller shell 32, and configuring the mounting groove 311 and the slide bar 322, the slide bar 322 can slide in the mounting groove 311, thereby enabling the assembly roller shell 32 to slide on the outside of the center roller 31; when the vibration rod 42 strikes the crushing tooth 321, the crushing tooth 321 drives the assembly roller shell 32 to move after being struck, so that the slide bar 322 slides in the mounting groove 311 and compresses the return spring 34. Since the vibration rod 42 is also moved by the elastic force of the torsion spring 44, a certain rebound will be generated after the vibration rod 42 collides with the crushing tooth 321, so that the return spring 34 can release a part of the elastic force, thereby enabling the vibration rod 4 2 collides with the crushing teeth 321 again, and the two are pressed against each other after one to three collisions. In this process, the crushing teeth 321 are vibrated by the impact, so that the crushing teeth 321 and part of the soil adhered to the surface of the assembly roller shell 32 are affected by the vibration and fall off; the provision of a movable assembly roller shell 32 can not only reduce the hard wear of the vibration rod 42 and the crushing teeth 321 when they collide with each other, but also have a buffering effect, and play a certain protective role on the vibration rod 42 and the crushing teeth 321; at the same time, it can also ensure that when the vibration rod 42 hits the crushing teeth 321 on one of the assembly roller shells 32, it will not affect the crushing teeth 321 on other assembly roller shells 32, thereby avoiding uncontrollable influence on the soil crushing operation.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A soil mechanical pulverizing device, comprising a pulverizing box (1), wherein two pulverizing rollers (3) are symmetrically arranged in the pulverizing box (1), and the two pulverizing rollers (3) are both rotatably connected to the pulverizing box (1) via a rotating shaft, and a driving structure for driving the two pulverizing rollers (3) to rotate synchronously in opposite directions is installed on the back side of the pulverizing box (1), and a plurality of evenly distributed pulverizing teeth (321) are formed on the peripheral side surface of the pulverizing roller (3), characterized in that: Two symmetrically arranged vibration components (4) are installed in the crushing box (1), and the two vibration components (4) are respectively located on the outside of the two crushing rollers (3) away from the middle of the crushing box (1), and the vibration components (4) include: A rotating rod (41), the axis of the rotating rod (41) being arranged parallel to the central axis of the crushing roller (3), and the two ends of the rotating rod (41) being rotatably connected to the front and rear inner walls of the crushing box (1) respectively; a vibrating rod (42), the vibrating rod (42) being arranged parallel to the rotating rod (41) and being located on a side of the rotating rod (41) close to the crushing roller (3), the vibrating rod (42) being capable of circular rotation along the axis of the rotating rod (41); A connecting rod (43), wherein two ends of the connecting rod (43) are respectively fixed to the rotating rod (41) and the vibrating rod (42); a torsion spring (44), wherein two torsion springs (44) are provided and are respectively sleeved on the two ends of the rotating rod (41), one end of the torsion spring (44) is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing box (1), and the other end of the torsion spring (44) is fixed to the side wall of the connecting rod (43) close to the inner wall of the crushing box (1); When the pulverizing roller (3) rotates, the vibration rod (42) sequentially strikes a plurality of pulverizing teeth (321) that coincide with the positions of the vibration rod (42) under the elastic force of the torsion spring (44).

2. A soil mechanical crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing roller (3) comprises: A center roller (31), wherein a roller shaft is fixed in the middle of the center roller (31), and both ends of the center roller (31) are rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the crushing box (1) through the roller shaft, and a plurality of mounting grooves (311) arranged parallel to the axis of the center roller (31) are provided on the peripheral surface of the center roller (31); Wherein, the driving structure drives the central roller (31) to rotate; An assembly roller shell (32), wherein the assembly roller shell (32) is an arc-shaped plate that fits the peripheral surface of the center roller (31), and the assembly roller shell (32) is provided with a plurality of teeth that are arranged around the peripheral side of the center roller (31). The plurality of crushing teeth (321) are respectively fixed to the outside of the plurality of assembly roller shells (32), and a sliding rod (322) is fixed to the inside of the plurality of assembly roller shells (32). The plurality of sliding rods (322) are respectively movably embedded in a plurality of mounting grooves (311), and the width of the sliding rod (322) is less than half the width of the mounting groove (311), so that the sliding rod (322) can slide in the mounting groove (311), thereby enabling the assembly roller shell (32) to slide on the outside of the center roller (31); A return spring (34), the return spring (34) being located in the mounting groove (311), and two ends of the return spring (34) being respectively fixed to a side wall of the mounting groove (311) on a side away from the slide rod (322) and a side wall of the slide rod (322); A limiting member, the limiting member is used to limit the sliding direction of the sliding rod (322), so that the sliding rod (322) can only slide along the installation groove (311).

3. A soil mechanical crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: An internal threaded hole (312) is formed at the end of the center roller (31), and both ends of the sliding rod (322) extend to the outside of the mounting groove (311); The limiting member comprises two limiting end covers (33) arranged at both ends of the center roller (31), the limiting end covers (33) being detachably connected to the ends of the center roller (31) via fastening bolts (35), and the fastening bolts (35) are threadably matched with the internal threaded holes (312); The limiting end cover (33) is provided with a plurality of limiting sliding holes (331), the plurality of limiting sliding holes (331) are distributed in an array along the circumference of the axis of the central roller (31), the plurality of limiting sliding holes (331) respectively correspond to the plurality of mounting grooves (311) one by one, and the cross-sectional shape and size of the limiting sliding holes (331) are consistent with the cross-sectional shape and size of the mounting grooves (311); The two ends of the slide rod (322) are movably inserted into the limiting slide holes (331) of the two limiting end covers (33).

4. The soil mechanical crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A compensating adjustment mechanism (6) is also installed inside the crushing box (1), and the compensating adjustment mechanism (6) comprises: A fixing plate (61), the fixing plate (61) being fixed to the inner wall of the crushing box (1), the fixing plate (61) being located above the rotating rod (41); A compensation spring (62), wherein the upper end of the compensation spring (62) is connected to the fixing plate (61) via an adjusting member in an adjustable manner, and the lower end of the compensation spring (62) is fixed to the connecting rod (43) via a reinforcing member.

5. The soil mechanical crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting member comprises an adjusting bolt (63) and a movable block (64); the adjusting bolt (63) is threadedly passed through the fixed plate (61) and the end portion thereof extends below the fixed plate (61); the upper end of the movable block (64) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the adjusting bolt (63); and the lower end of the movable block (64) is fixed to the upper end of the compensation spring (62).

6. The soil mechanical crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reinforcing member comprises a reinforcing plate (45), the reinforcing plate (45) being an L-shaped plate and forming a triangular structure with the connecting rod (43), and the two ends of the reinforcing plate (45) being respectively fixed to the rotating rod (41) and the vibrating rod (42); The lower end of the compensation spring (62) is fixed to one side of the reinforcement plate (45).

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