Fabricated combined outer wall body

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of fabricated outer walls, in particular to a fabricated combined outer wall body. The fabricated combined outer wall body is characterized by comprising an outer-layer wall plate, an inner-layer wall plate and a wall core plate clamped between the outer-layer wall plate and the inner-layer wall plate; the outer-layer wallboard comprises a cement concrete surface layer and a lightweight concrete layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, a three-dimensional steel wire net frame is arranged in the lightweight concrete layer, and a heat preservation layer is further arranged in the three-dimensional steel wire net frame. The fabricated combined outer wall body is excellent in energy-saving, fireproof, anti-condensation, anti-seismic, anti-permeability, sound insulation and other performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of assembled exterior walls, and in particular to an assembled combined exterior wall. Background Art

[0002] The assembled exterior walls in the related technologies use concrete sandwich panels and thermal insulation composite porous panels, which are difficult to meet the various requirements of functional use, mainly in terms of energy saving, fire prevention, anti-condensation, earthquake resistance, anti-seepage, sound insulation, durability and weather resistance, which determine the quality of the house, affect the living comfort and affect the modernization of engineering construction technology. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides an assembled composite exterior wall with excellent performances such as energy saving, fire prevention, anti-condensation, earthquake resistance, anti-seepage, and sound insulation.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] An assembled composite exterior wall, characterized in that it comprises an outer wall panel, an inner wall panel and a wall core panel sandwiched between the outer wall panel and the inner wall panel; the outer wall panel comprises a cement concrete surface layer and a lightweight concrete layer arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, a three-dimensional steel wire grid is arranged in the lightweight concrete layer, and an insulation layer is also arranged in the three-dimensional steel wire grid.

[0006] The above-mentioned assembled composite exterior wall of the present application is composed of an outer wall panel, an inner wall panel and a wall core panel. The outer wall panel is composed of a cement concrete surface layer, a lightweight concrete layer, a three-dimensional steel wire mesh and an insulation layer. The insulation layer plays a role of heat insulation and heat insulation. The three-dimensional steel wire mesh provides stable mechanical properties for the outer wall panel. The lightweight concrete layer as a carrier also plays a role of heat insulation, fire prevention and sound insulation. The wall core panel can improve the ability of the combined exterior wall to resist penetrating sound and increase the ability to absorb sound, which is beneficial to improve the sound insulation of the combined exterior wall to external environmental noise.

[0007] In some embodiments, the thermal conductivity of the core wall panel is 0.45-0.51 w / m·K, and the thermal resistance of the inner wall panel is 0.2-0.4 m 2 ·K / w.

[0008] The core wall panel is made of low thermal conductivity material, which can improve the thermal inertia index of the combined exterior wall and is especially suitable for use in the south. The inner wall panel is made of low thermal resistance material, which can effectively prevent condensation on the steel structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, in order to meet the fire protection requirements, the cement concrete surface layer is formed by concrete with a combustion performance of Class A.

[0010] In some embodiments, in order to meet the need for external wall impermeability, the cement concrete surface layer of the external wallboard is made of impermeable concrete or the surface of the cement concrete surface layer is provided with an impermeable finishing layer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the thermal resistance of the insulation layer is 1-2.5 m 2 ·K / w, and the insulation layer is made of insulating materials. The insulation layer is wrapped in a lightweight concrete layer, and the thermal resistance is large enough to prevent condensation on the surface of the steel structure. In addition, the insulation layer can be porous, which can improve the sound absorption capacity of the wall panel and is also beneficial to the improvement of the sound insulation of the wall.

[0012] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation layer is selected from one or a combination of foamed cement, foamed gypsum, molded or extruded foamed polystyrene, foamed polyurethane, foamed glass, foamed ceramics and glass wool.

[0013] In some embodiments, the lightweight concrete layer is cement polystyrene concrete. Cement polystyrene granular concrete is preferred as the basic material, which is very advantageous and simple and feasible for the outer wallboard to achieve durability and meet the requirements of relevant standards for performance indicators such as heat insulation, fire protection, sound insulation, and impermeability.

[0014] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional steel wire mesh is selected from one of galvanized steel wire mesh, steel bar, flat steel, angle steel, C-shaped steel and plastic steel, or a combination thereof. In order to meet the anti-corrosion requirements in relevant specifications, the surface of the three-dimensional steel wire mesh is galvanized. The three-dimensional steel wire mesh not only plays a role in strengthening the integrity of the outer wall panel, but also plays a role in ensuring that the outer wall panel structure has the set mechanical properties.

[0015] In some embodiments, the prefabricated composite exterior wall also includes embedded connectors fixedly connected to the three-dimensional steel wire grid, and the embedded connectors are fixedly connected to the main structure or structural columns through connecting structural members. The connection method between the three-dimensional steel wire grid and the embedded connectors can be one or a combination of welding, riveting, inlaying, and chemical bonding (fusion).

[0016] In some embodiments, the wall core board is selected from one of cement polystyrene board, clay board, foamed cement board, cement slag board and foamed cement earth board or a combination thereof. The wall core board is arranged between the inner and outer wall boards of the exterior wall, and is adjacent to the structural beams and columns at the periphery.

[0017] In some embodiments, the inner wallboard is selected from one of cement polystyrene partition boards, ceramsite concrete partition boards, slag concrete partition boards and perlite concrete partition boards, or a combination thereof.

[0018] In some embodiments, the inner wall panel is connected to the frame beam in a flexible connection manner.

[0019] In some embodiments, the upper and lower ends of the inner wall panel are respectively provided with U-shaped connectors, the U-shaped connectors at both ends are fixedly connected to the frame beam, and a rubber cushion layer is also provided between the U-shaped connector at the lower end and the steel structure. The flexible connection structure has an obvious sound insulation effect on impact sound. When temperature stress strain and dry-wet cycle strain occur, the strain can be dispersed in various flexible caulking places between the board and the structural column and between the boards, effectively avoiding stress concentration and causing cracks on the wall.

[0020] If necessary, wire mesh can also be configured in the inner wall panel to simultaneously meet the technical requirements of functions such as bending resistance, impact resistance, and construction and transportation resistance.

[0021] In some embodiments, the prefabricated composite exterior wall also includes prefabricated door and window frames and door and window inner frames. The prefabricated composite exterior wall is also provided with an opening that passes through the inside and outside of the opening. The prefabricated door and window frames are inserted into and installed in the opening from the outside, and the door and window inner frames are inserted into and installed in the opening from the inside. A gap is reserved between the prefabricated door and window frames and the door and window inner frames for convenient installation of windows.

[0022] The prefabricated door and window covers are embedded in the reserved openings of the outer wall panels, firmly connected to the main structure or structural columns, and waterproof materials are used around them to stop water. The inner door and window covers are embedded in the reserved openings of the inner wall panels after the door and window frames are in place, and are firmly connected. The prefabricated door and window covers can be embedded in the openings before the outer wall panels are assembled into a whole board and hoisted into place, or they can be embedded in the openings after the outer wall panels are in place.

[0023] In some embodiments, the prefabricated door and window frames are prefabricated cement concrete components, and the door and window inner frames are selected from one of cement-based materials, metal materials or stone materials, or a combination thereof.

[0024] In some embodiments, the surfaces of the outer wall panels and the inner wall panels have a finishing layer, and the finishing layer is selected from one of blocks or coatings or a combination thereof.

[0025] In some embodiments, the outer wall panels and the inner wall panels are assembled from a plurality of strip panel units, and the periphery of the strip panel units is provided with a tongue-and-groove structure with one side convex and the other side concave. The outer wall panels may also be whole panels or special-shaped panels required for architectural shapes, or a combination of several. The installation method in the main structure may be a method of hoisting and installing the strip panels piece by piece, or a method of hoisting and installing the whole panel on site after assembling it into the whole panel, or a combination of the two methods. Moreover, the structural geometric form of the inner wall panels may be one or a combination of porous panels, grooved panels, and composite solid panels.

[0026] In some embodiments, the joints of adjacent strip board units of the outer wall panels are coated with weather-resistant waterproof materials to ensure the airtightness of the outer wall to prevent leakage.

[0027] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the present application has at least the following advantages and positive effects:

[0028] The present application discloses an assembled composite exterior wall, which is composed of an outer wall panel, an inner wall panel and a wall core panel. The outer wall panel is further composed of a cement concrete surface layer, a lightweight concrete layer, a three-dimensional steel wire mesh frame and an insulation layer. The insulation layer plays a role of heat preservation and heat insulation. The three-dimensional steel wire mesh frame provides stable mechanical properties for the outer wall panel. The lightweight concrete layer, as a carrier, also plays a role of heat insulation, fire prevention and sound insulation. The wall core panel can improve the ability of the composite exterior wall to resist penetrating sound and increase the ability to absorb sound, which is beneficial to improving the sound insulation of the composite exterior wall to external environmental noise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an outer wall panel in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the outer wall panel and the main structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the outer wall panel and the main structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer wall panel in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a simplified diagram of thermal calculations for the combined exterior wall.

[0035] Explanation of numbers: 1. Outer wall panel; 2. Inner wall panel; 3. Prefabricated door and window frames; 4. Wall core board; 5. Door and window inner frames; 6. Connecting structural parts; 7. Cement concrete surface layer; 8. Insulation layer; 9. Lightweight concrete layer; 10. Three-dimensional steel wire mesh; 11. Embedded connectors; 12. Structural columns; 13. U-shaped connectors; 14. Rubber cushion layer; 15. Tongue and groove structure; 16. Frame beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The terms used in the implementation method of the present application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0037] See also Figures 1 to 5The embodiment of the present application provides an assembled composite exterior wall, characterized in that it includes an outer wall panel 1, an inner wall panel 2, and a wall core panel 4 sandwiched between the outer wall panel 1 and the inner wall panel 2; the outer wall panel 1 includes a cement concrete surface layer 7 and a lightweight concrete layer 9 arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, a three-dimensional steel wire mesh frame 10 is provided in the lightweight concrete layer 9, and an insulation layer 8 is also provided in the three-dimensional steel wire mesh frame 10; the thermal conductivity of the wall core panel 4 is 0.45-0.51w / m·K, and the thermal resistance of the inner wall panel 2 is 0.2-0.4m 2 ·K / w.

[0038] The present application discloses an assembled composite exterior wall, which is composed of an outer wall panel 1, an inner wall panel 2 and a wall core panel 4. The outer wall panel 1 is further composed of a cement concrete surface layer 7, a lightweight concrete layer 9, a three-dimensional steel wire mesh frame 10 and an insulation layer 8. The insulation layer 8 plays a role of heat preservation and heat insulation. The three-dimensional steel wire mesh frame 10 provides stable mechanical properties for the outer wall panel 1. The lightweight concrete layer 9, as a carrier, also plays a role of heat insulation, fire prevention and sound insulation. Moreover, the wall core panel 4 is selected as a material with a low thermal conductivity coefficient, which can improve the thermal inertia index of the composite exterior wall, and is particularly suitable for use in the south. At the same time, it can improve the ability of the composite exterior wall to resist penetrating sound and increase the ability to absorb sound, which is beneficial to improve the sound insulation of the composite exterior wall against external environmental noise. In addition, the inner wall panel 2 uses a material with low thermal resistance to effectively prevent condensation on the steel structure.

[0039] In some embodiments, in order to meet the fire protection requirements, the cement concrete surface layer 7 is formed by concrete with a combustion performance of Class A.

[0040] In some embodiments, in order to meet the need for external wall impermeability, the cement concrete surface layer 7 of the external wallboard 1 is made of impermeable concrete or the surface of the cement concrete surface layer 7 is provided with an impermeable finishing layer.

[0041] In some embodiments, the thermal resistance of the insulation layer 8 is 1-2.5 m 2 ·K / w, and the insulation layer 8 is made of insulating material. The insulation layer is wrapped in a lightweight concrete layer 9, and the thermal resistance is large enough to prevent condensation on the surface of the steel structure. In addition, the insulation layer 8 adopts a porous structure to improve the sound absorption capacity of the wall panel, which is also beneficial to the improvement of the sound insulation of the wall.

[0042] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation layer 8 is selected from one or a combination of foamed cement, foamed gypsum, molded or extruded foamed polystyrene, foamed polyurethane, foamed glass, foamed ceramics and glass wool.

[0043] In some embodiments, the lightweight concrete layer 9 is cement polystyrene concrete. Cement polystyrene granular concrete is preferred as the basic material, which is very beneficial and simple for the outer wallboard 1 to achieve durability and thermal insulation, fire protection, sound insulation, impermeability and other performance indicators in accordance with relevant standards.

[0044] In some embodiments, the three-dimensional steel wire mesh 10 is selected from one of galvanized steel wire mesh, steel bar, flat steel, angle steel, C-shaped steel and plastic steel or a combination thereof. In order to meet the anti-corrosion requirements in relevant specifications, the surface of the three-dimensional steel wire mesh 10 is galvanized. The three-dimensional steel wire mesh not only plays a role in strengthening the integrity of the outer wall panel 1, but also plays a role in ensuring that the outer wall panel 1 structure has set mechanical properties.

[0045] See also Figures 2 to 3 In some embodiments, the prefabricated composite exterior wall also includes a pre-embedded connector 11 fixedly connected to the three-dimensional steel wire grid 10. The pre-embedded connector 11 is fixedly connected to the main structure or structural column 12 through the connecting structural member 6. The connection method between the three-dimensional steel wire grid 10 and the pre-embedded connector 11 can be one or a combination of welding, riveting, inlaying, and chemical bonding.

[0046] In some embodiments, the wall core board 4 is selected from one of cement polystyrene board, clay board, foamed cement board, cement slag board and foamed cement earth board or a combination thereof. The wall core board 4 is arranged between the inner and outer wall boards of the exterior wall, and is adjacent to the structural beams and columns at the periphery.

[0047] In some embodiments, the inner wallboard 2 is selected from one of cement polystyrene partition boards, ceramsite concrete partition boards, slag concrete partition boards and perlite concrete partition boards, or a combination thereof.

[0048] See also Figure 4 In some embodiments, the inner wall panel 2 is connected to the frame beam 16 in a flexible connection manner.

[0049] In some embodiments, U-shaped connectors 13 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the inner wall panel 2, and the U-shaped connectors 13 at both ends are fixedly connected to the frame beam 16, and a rubber cushion layer 14 is also provided between the U-shaped connector 13 at the lower end and the steel structure. The flexible connection structure has a significant sound insulation effect on impact sound. When temperature stress strain and dry-wet cycle strain occur, the strain can be dispersed in various flexible caulking locations between the board and the structural column, and between the boards, effectively avoiding stress concentration and causing cracks on the wall.

[0050] A steel wire mesh may also be provided in the inner wall panel 2 as required so as to simultaneously meet the technical requirements of functions such as bending resistance, impact resistance and transportation resistance.

[0051] See also Figure 1In some embodiments, the assembled composite exterior wall further includes prefabricated door and window frames 3 and door and window inner frames 5. An opening that passes through the inside and outside is also opened on the assembled composite exterior wall. The prefabricated door and window frames 3 are inserted from the outside of the opening and installed therein, and the door and window inner frames 5 are inserted from the inside of the opening and installed therein. A space is reserved between the prefabricated door and window frames 3 and the door and window inner frames 5 for convenient installation of windows.

[0052] The prefabricated door and window covers 3 are embedded in the reserved openings of the outer wall panels 1, firmly connected to the main structure or structural columns 12, and waterproof materials are used to stop water around them. The inner door and window covers are embedded in the reserved openings of the inner wall panels 2 after the door and window frames are in place, and firmly connected. The prefabricated door and window covers 3 can be embedded in the openings before the outer wall panels 1 are assembled into a whole room and hoisted in place, or they can be embedded in the openings after the outer wall panels 1 are in place.

[0053] In some embodiments, the prefabricated door and window covers 3 are prefabricated cement concrete components, and the door and window inner covers 5 are selected from one of cement-based materials, metal materials or stone materials, or a combination thereof.

[0054] In some embodiments, the surfaces of the outer wallboard 1 and the inner wallboard 2 have a finishing layer, and the finishing layer is selected from one of block materials or coatings or a combination thereof.

[0055] See also Figures 1 to 5 In some embodiments, the outer wall panel 1 and the inner wall panel 2 are assembled from a plurality of strip panel units, and the periphery of the strip panel unit is provided with a tongue-and-groove structure 15 with one side convex and the other side concave. The outer wall panel 1 can also be a whole panel or a special-shaped panel required by the architectural shape, or a combination of several. The installation method in the main structure can be a method of hoisting and installing the strip panels piece by piece, or a method of hoisting and installing the whole panel on site after assembling it into a whole panel, or a combination of the two methods. Moreover, the structural geometric form of the inner wall panel 2 can be one or a combination of porous panels, grooved panels, and composite solid panels.

[0056] In some embodiments, the joints of adjacent strip board units of the outer wall panel 1 are coated with weather-resistant waterproof material to ensure the airtightness of the outer wall to prevent leakage.

[0057] The advantages of this combined exterior wall panel compared with the existing assembled exterior wall panels are as follows:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] The prefabricated composite exterior wall adopts the following construction method, including the construction organization design preparation stage, production stage, construction preparation stage, transportation stage, installation stage, and acceptance stage. The whole process should be organized and constructed in accordance with the Technical Standard for Prefabricated Steel Structure Residential Buildings jGj / T 469-2019.

[0061] Construction organization design preparation stage. Draw the layout drawings of the inner and outer wall panels separately after completing the drawing review. Draw the large drawings of the outer panels, inner panels, wall core panels, door and window frames, and connectors, and classify and compile them by model to form basic management information. The outer panels are arranged horizontally with staggered seams, and structural columns should be provided at the vertical seams. The inner panels are arranged vertically. The embedded parts and connectors in the panels should be classified by model and compiled according to the axis of the location and the corresponding numbered wall panel drawings to form complete intelligent management information. Production, packaging, delivery, construction, installation and acceptance will use this as the basis for operation and basic information for intelligent management.

[0062] The production stage is to formulate production plans for various wall panels of different specifications and models according to the construction schedule after the factory completes the review of the large-scale drawings of various wall panels and confirms the quantity. After the production is completed and the inspection is qualified, they should be classified and packaged according to the construction needs before leaving the factory. And keep the communication between the factory and the construction site unobstructed to avoid backlogs, waiting for goods and secondary transportation at the construction site. Try to achieve lifting without landing.

[0063] During the transportation phase, the unified scheduling forms packaging and shipment → loading and transportation → unloading at the construction site, ensuring continuous construction. When operating according to the construction plan for hoisting the entire panel, a special assembly platform should be prepared to ensure that the assembly quality of the entire panel is up to standard, continuous and error-free.

[0064] During the installation phase, the outer layer is installed first, followed by doors and windows, and the inner layer is embedded while the wall core board is filled. The outer wall panels are strip panels, and the raised falcon heads are facing upwards when staggered horizontal installation. After each outer wall panel is in place, it is measured and calibrated before installation and fixation.

[0065] The acceptance stage is carried out in accordance with the principles of combining process inspection with final inspection, and combining self-inspection with special inspection, in accordance with the regulations. In particular, the safety measures inspection and acceptance before the installation of the outer layer board should meet the requirements of high-altitude work.

[0066] The design method of this composite exterior wall panel should take into account the coordination of mechanical properties, heat transfer properties, fire resistance, sound insulation properties and production, transportation and construction feasibility.

[0067] The specific design and calculation methods of this type of combined exterior wall panels are divided into professional examples as follows:

[0068] 1. Structure

[0069] For the outer wall panels, the three-dimensional steel wire mesh is designed according to the selected panel thickness and concrete strength value based on the local earthquake fortification level, maximum wind pressure and impact resistance requirements. The verification is as follows:

[0070] The project example is a high-rise residential building located in the earthquake resistance zone with a basic wind pressure of W0 = 80kg / m 2 The maximum elevation of the exterior wall panel is 100 meters.

[0071] The standard size of the outer wall panel is 3 meters long, 0.6 meters wide and 0.12 meters thick. The three-dimensional wire mesh is composed of Φ2 galvanized wire mesh and C-shaped steel. The mesh size of the two sides of the wire mesh is 100mmx100mm, and there are 12 Φ2 oblique wires evenly distributed. Two 3-meter-long C-shaped steels (C80×45×10×2) are arranged on the inner side of the panel, one on the top and one on the bottom, and together with the three-dimensional wire mesh, they form a steel skeleton.

[0072] The single board is 3m long, 0.6m wide, and weighs 78kg / m 2 ×1.8m 2 =136kg.

[0073] According to the project environment, building height, etc., it can be determined:

[0074] The standard value of wind load is: W K =β·α max ·G Z =1.88×1.1×1.5×0.8kN / m 2 =2.48kN / m 2

[0075] Wind load design value W = ν·W K =1.4×2.48=3.47KN / m 2 .

[0076] The horizontal earthquake influence coefficient is: α = 0.08m / s, and the dynamic amplification coefficient is: β = 5.0

[0077] The standard value of earthquake force g1 = β·α max ·G K =5×0.08X760=0.304KN / m 2

[0078] The load combination design values ​​are:

[0079] S z =1.4×W k +1.3×0.5×g1=1.4×2.48+1.3×0.5X0.304kN / m 2 =3.67KN / m 2

[0080] C-shaped steel (C80×45×10×2):

[0081] Section resistance moment W = 8.53 cm 3

[0082] Sectional moment of inertia I = 31.98 cm 4

[0083] Calculated based on two equal span continuous beams with a span of 1.5m:

[0084] Bending strength calculation:

[0085] Combined uniform line load: q = S Z ·B=3.67KN / m 2 x0.6m=2.20kN / m.

[0086] Maximum bending moment in the plate: Mxmax=0.125·q·L 2 =0.125×2.20x1.52=0.618KN·m

[0087] Plate section resistance moment: W1 = 8.53 × 2 = 17.06 cm 3

[0088] Bending strength:

[0089] The bending strength meets the requirements.

[0090] Shear strength verification of beam support section:

[0091] Shear design value of beam support section:

[0092]

[0093] The area moment of the beam support section about the neutral plane is:

[0094]

[0095] The shear strength meets the requirements.

[0096] Stiffness calculation:

[0097] Wind load uniformly distributed load: q1 = W K ·B=2.48kN / m 2 ×0.6m=1.488KN / m

[0098] Maximum deflection in plate:

[0099] Sectional moment of inertia I = 65.67 cm 4

[0100] Calculated as two equal span continuous beams with a span of 1.5m

[0101]

[0102] 0.55mm<[ν]=L / 250=6mm.

[0103] Stiffness meets requirements

[0104] Shear verification of connection between slab and structural column.

[0105] Plate area 1.8m 2 The connector is connected to the structural column at 4 locations, with an M5 bolt at each location. The connector is also connected to the outer plate at 4 locations, with an M5 bolt at each location. The connector is made of angle steel L45x45X4, with a length of 45mm.

[0106] Load combination S z =3.65kN / m 2 ×1.8m 2 =6.57KN=6750N.

[0107] 1. Use 2 M5 self-tapping screws at each end of the connection between the structural column and the connecting piece, a total of 4

[0108] Shear area of ​​bolt

[0109] Shear strength

[0110] 2. Use 2 M5 self-tapping screws to connect the inner steel frame of the outer wall panel and the connecting parts.

[0111] Screw hole shear area A K =2×5×3.14×2=62.8mm 2

[0112] Shear strength

[0113] 3. Shear strength of connector

[0114] Shear area A L =45×4=180mm 2

[0115] Shear strength

[0116] Shear resistance meets the requirements.

[0117] 2. Energy saving

[0118] The combined exterior wall should be verified according to the local climate characteristics, energy-saving requirements and the requirements of the building thermal design specifications for the thermal environment quality of the house, according to the technical indicators of the selected insulation materials and the thickness of each layer of the exterior wall outer layer board. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the wall core board should be determined in combination with the local climate characteristics and the thermal inertia index of the outer layer board to improve the thermal inertia index of the exterior wall and achieve warm winter and cool summer housing. The verification is as follows:

[0119] Heat conduction path: 1) 0.02m thick outer layer of cement mortar; 2) 0.03m thick cement polystyrene concrete; 3) 0.06m thick foamed polyurethane; 4) 0.01m thick cement polystyrene concrete; 5) 0.05m thick low thermal conductivity cement soil between steel frames; 6) 0.05m thick cement polystyrene concrete inner wall panel.

[0120] Among them: The bulk density of cement mortar is 1900Kg / m 3 , thermal conductivity 0.93W / m·K, heat storage coefficient 11.37W / m 2 ·K.

[0121] The bulk density of cement polystyrene concrete is 600Kg / m 3 , thermal conductivity 0.11W / m·K, heat storage coefficient 2.5W / m 2 ·K

[0122] Bulk density of polyurethane foam: 22Kg / m 3 , thermal conductivity 0.022W / m·K, heat storage coefficient 0.34W / m 2 ·K

[0123] The middle layer of cement polystyrene has a bulk density of 600Kg / m 3 , equivalent thermal conductivity 0.5W / m·K, equivalent heat storage coefficient 7W / m 2 ·K

[0124] The wall heat transfer resistance is Rc:

[0125]

[0126] Heat transfer coefficient of combined exterior wall panels:

[0127] Thermal inertia index D

[0128] Thermal inertia index D = 3.28

[0129] 3. Thermal performance

[0130] 1. Condensation

[0131] Surface condensation calculation: the dew point temperature in a certain area is t d =10.12℃, outdoor thermal calculation temperature in winter t e=-35℃ (take Qiqihar area), indoor calculated temperature t i =18℃.

[0132] The heat transfer resistance of the combined exterior wall is R0 = 3.82m 2 K / W, heat transfer resistance of steel structure external insulation structure R1 = 3.255m 2 ·K / W

[0133] 1.1 Steel structure outer surface temperature θ i :

[0134]

[0135] 10.16℃>10.12℃

[0136] This shows that reasonable structural measures based on heat transfer theory can prevent condensation on the surface of steel structures in winter.

[0137] 1.2 Condensation calculation on inner wall surface

[0138] Internal exchange thermal resistance R at the inner surface of the combined external wall i =0.11m 2 ·K / W

[0139] Minimum heat transfer resistance R of combined exterior wall omin Calculate according to the following formula:

[0140]

[0141] Combined external wall heat transfer group R0 = 3.82m 2 ·K / W>0.97m 2 K / W, meet the specification requirements.

[0142] Wall inner surface temperature

[0143]

[0144] Condensation will not occur on indoor walls.

[0145] 2. Heat insulation

[0146] Summer exterior wall insulation design verification calculation of the maximum inner surface temperature of the exterior wall θ imax Should not be higher than the maximum calculated outdoor temperature in summer t emax , calculated as follows:

[0147] The combined exterior wall can be divided into 6 layers, from inside to outside, as follows:

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] The heat storage coefficient of the outer surface of each layer is calculated layer by layer from the inside to the outside:

[0151]

[0152] Heat storage coefficient y of the outermost surface e =y6=4.46W / m 2 ·K

[0153] The innermost layer D = 1.136

[0154] The heat storage coefficient of the innermost layer is equal to the heat storage coefficient y of the material of this layer i =2.5W / m 2 ·K Temperature attenuation factor from indoor air to inner surface of exterior wall ν i

[0155]

[0156] The temperature attenuation factor of the exterior wall of a multi-layer enclosure structure is calculated as follows:

[0157]

[0158] So: ν0=112

[0159] According to the "Heat Regulations" and the values ​​in Fuzhou area:

[0160] Calculated outdoor temperature fluctuation A te =6.3℃

[0161] Indoor calculated temperature fluctuation A ti =A te -1.5=4.8℃

[0162] Outdoor calculated temperature average

[0163] Calculate the average indoor temperature

[0164] Maximum solar radiation illuminance max =627w / m 2

[0165] Average solar radiation intensity

[0166] Solar radiation absorption coefficient ρ = 0.48 (white smooth wall)

[0167] Phase difference correction coefficient β = 0.94

[0168] Outdoor comprehensive temperature fluctuation A tsa =(A te +A ts)·β; where the solar radiation equivalent amplitude A ts (℃) is calculated as follows:

[0169]

[0170] A tsa =A te +A ts =(6.3+12.5)=18.8℃

[0171] Average inner surface temperature:

[0172]

[0173] in:

[0174]

[0175] Check the chart (Fuzhou area):

[0176]

[0177] ρ=0.5

[0178] I=62.8

[0179] Maximum inner surface temperature of non-ventilated enclosure structure:

[0180]

[0181] The maximum temperature θi max on the inner surface of the exterior wall of the enclosure structure is calculated as follows:

[0182]

[0183] Fuzhou area: t emax =37.2℃;

[0184] t emax -θ max =37.2-34.9=2.3℃

[0185] It can be seen that in the summer in Fuzhou without ventilation and air conditioning, the inner surface of the exterior wall can be more than 2°C lower than the outdoor temperature, and the thermal insulation performance of the exterior wall meets the requirements.

[0186] 4. Fire prevention

[0187] Cement polystyrene concrete has good integrity and stability during fire combustion. The thermal insulation performance is related to the thickness of the structure.

[0188] The fire resistance limit time of the outer layer of the composite exterior wall panel should be no less than 1 hour. The fire resistance limit time of the inner layer of the composite exterior wall panel should be no less than 1.5 hours.

[0189] 1. The thickness of the non-combustible insulation material layer on the outer surface of the outer wall panel is calculated according to the building fire protection design specifications and heat transfer calculation methods. The calculation is as follows:

[0190] The outer wall panels of this combination are composite panels, and the wall material outside the insulation material is Class A non-combustible material, with an average thermal conductivity of α = 3.13 × 10 n (n=-7), thickness σ=5cm. (The outer non-combustible material consists of 2cm thick cement mortar and 3cm thick cement polystyrene mortar.)

[0191] According to the fire resistance limit time t = 1.0 hour, the average thermal conductivity is α = 3.13 × 10 n (n=-7)m 2 / S

[0192] The calculated temperature of the fire-facing surface is t1 = 1000°C, the indoor temperature is t0 = 18°C, and the calculated limit temperature of the back-fire surface is t w

[0193] Heat transfer calculation uses formula (1)

[0194] (The function ierfc(X) is the first integral value of the Gaussian error complement function)

[0195] in:

[0196] From formula (1), we get:

[0197]

[0198] The maximum temperature of the steel components on the non-fired side of the outer wall panel is 202.5℃, which is lower than the 350℃ at which the strength of the steel begins to decrease.

[0199] This maximum temperature is also lower than the melting point of the insulating material polystyrene, 427°C, and the wall panels were not damaged by the fire.

[0200] 2. The fire resistance limit time of the inner wallboard of the outer wall of the inner wallboard shall not be less than 1.5 hours. Only wires are arranged on the inner side of the inner wallboard, and the short-term allowable temperature of the outer skin of the wires is 120℃. The limit temperature of the inner wallboard back to the fire side should not be greater than 120℃. And it should be selected after verification through tests.

[0201] The inner wall panel (2) of the combined exterior wall is a 0.05m thick cement polystyrene concrete panel. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the material is α = 1.13 × 10 n (n=-7)m 2 / S. The calculated temperature of the fire-facing surface is t1 = 1200°C, and the limited temperature of the back-fire surface is t w . Room temperature t0 = 18°C.

[0202] The heat transfer calculation uses the formula:

[0203] (The function ierfc(X) is the first integral value of the Gaussian error complement function)

[0204] in

[0205] From formula (1), we get:

[0206]

[0207] The temperature of the main steel structure and wall materials within the inner layer panel will not exceed 120℃.

[0208] The thickness of non-combustible materials on both sides of the exterior wall is not less than 5cm, which also complies with the relevant provisions of the Fire Protection Regulations.

[0209] 5. Sound insulation

[0210] When the wall adopts a multi-layer structure, the sound waves will stagger the matching frequency due to the different thickness or material of each layer, resulting in several different matching valleys with small concave depths, which will improve the overall sound insulation effect. When there are porous sound-absorbing materials, the gas vibration in the tiny closed holes consumes energy to produce the damping effect of the sound-absorbing material on sound conduction. The vibrations generated by the resonance and matching effect of each layer of the wall structure will also be suppressed, thereby improving the sound insulation effect.

[0211] Adding elastic materials such as rubber pads between the main structure and the outer wall panels or between the outer wall panels will weaken the transmission of vibrations and increase the sound insulation by 1 to 2 dB.

[0212] Taking the above measures, this combined exterior wall will have an additional sound insulation of 7-10dB.

[0213] The sound insulation effect of the combined exterior wall on airborne sound should be verified according to the building sound insulation design specifications. The calculation example is as follows:

[0214] When the external wall density is less than 200kg / m 2 When the average sound insulation R of a three-layer composite wall with a thickness of 220 mm and composed of four different materials is as follows:

[0215] R=13.5·log(m1+m2+m3)+14+ΔR Where: m1=52; m2=30; m3=30

[0216] The insulation material layer in the wall is 6cm thick, the steel structure is lined with rubber pads and there is a gap between the three layers of boards. The additional sound insulation ΔR is taken as ΔR=5+2=7(dB)

[0217] R=13.5·log(52+30+30)+14+7=51.6(dB)

[0218] In this example, the average sound insulation of the 220mm thick composite exterior wall can reach 50dB.

[0219] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An assembled composite exterior wall, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer wall panel, an inner wall panel and a wall core panel sandwiched between the outer wall panel and the inner wall panel; the outer wall panel comprises a cement concrete surface layer and a lightweight concrete layer arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside, a three-dimensional steel wire mesh frame is arranged in the lightweight concrete layer, and an insulation layer is also arranged in the three-dimensional steel wire mesh frame; the thermal conductivity of the wall core panel is 0.45-0.51w / m·K, and the thermal resistance of the inner wall panel is 0.2-0.4m 2 ·K / w; the cement concrete surface layer is formed by concrete with combustion performance of Class A; the cement concrete surface layer of the outer wallboard is made of impermeable concrete or the surface of the cement concrete surface layer is provided with an impermeable finishing layer; the thermal resistance of the insulation layer is 1-2.5m 2 ·K / w, and the insulation layer adopts insulating material; the lightweight concrete layer is cement polystyrene concrete; the assembled composite exterior wall also includes embedded connectors fixedly connected to the three-dimensional steel wire grid, and the embedded connectors are fixedly connected to the main structure or structural columns through connecting structural members.

2. The assembled exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional steel wire mesh is selected from one of galvanized steel wire mesh, steel bars, flat steel, angle steel, C-shaped steel and plastic steel.

3. The assembled exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wall core board is selected from one of cement polystyrene board, clay board, foamed cement board, cement slag board and foamed cement soil board.

4. The assembled exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wallboard is selected from one of cement polystyrene partition boards, ceramsite concrete partition boards, slag concrete partition boards and perlite concrete partition boards.

5. The assembled composite exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall panels are connected to the frame beams in a flexible connection manner.

6. The assembled composite exterior wall according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the inner wall panel are respectively provided with U-shaped connectors, the U-shaped connectors at both ends are fixedly connected to the frame beam, and a rubber cushion layer is also provided between the U-shaped connector at the lower end and the frame beam.

7. The assembled exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembled composite exterior wall also includes prefabricated door and window frames and door and window inner frames. The assembled composite exterior wall is also provided with an opening that passes through the inside and outside. The prefabricated door and window frames are inserted from the outside of the opening and installed therein, and the door and window inner frames are inserted from the inside of the opening and installed therein. A gap is reserved between the prefabricated door and window frames and the door and window inner frames for convenient installation of windows.

8. The assembled composite exterior wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wallboard and the inner wallboard are both assembled from a plurality of strip board units, and the periphery of the strip board unit is provided with a tongue-and-groove structure with one side convex and the other side concave.

9. The assembled exterior wall according to claim 8, characterized in that: The joints of adjacent strip board units of the outer wallboard are coated with weather-resistant and waterproof materials.

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