Pretreatment device for detecting heavy metals in soil

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pretreatment device for detecting heavy metals in soil. The pretreatment device comprises a box body, a water bath, a pipe frame, a shaking mechanism and a waste gas treatment device, the front end of the box body extends inwards to be provided with a cavity and a box door; the water bath is arranged in the cavity, an electric heating tube is arranged in the water bath, the bottom of the water bath is connected with a drain pipe, the drain pipe is provided with a valve, and the outer wall of the box body is provided with a wastewater pipe connected with the drain pipe; the pipe frame is mounted at the upper end of the water bath through a shaking mechanism, the pipe frame is horizontally arranged, and a plurality of insertion holes into which the digestion pipes are inserted are formed in the pipe frame; the box body is connected with an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe is connected with an induced draft fan, the waste gas treatment device is connected to the exhaust pipe, a plurality of air inlet holes are formed in the side wall of the box body, the water bath is arranged in the box body with a box door, the digestion pipe is inserted into a pipe frame and extends into the water bath, and in the water bath digestion process, the upper box door is closed, and the upper box door is opened; therefore, the heavy metal is prevented from volatilizing into the air, and the digestion pipe does not need to be covered with a cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of soil detection, in particular to a pre-processing device for detecting heavy metals in soil. Background Art

[0002] Metal detection is the top priority of soil testing. The main heavy metal pollutants in soil include mercury, cadmium, lead, copper, chromium, arsenic, nickel, iron, manganese, zinc, etc. They usually need to undergo pretreatment before testing. General pretreatment includes water bath heating digestion, open wet digestion, microwave digestion and high-pressure closed digestion.

[0003] Among them, when treating soil by water bath heating digestion method, the sample is usually added to the digestion tube, and then aqua regia is added, and then it is placed in a water bath for water bath digestion. The water bath digestion is usually carried out in the air. Therefore, in order to prevent the metals in the soil from volatilizing into the air after being exposed to high temperature, the digestion tube is usually covered with a lid.

[0004] However, this method is not very safe. During the water bath process, the digestion tube expands due to heat, which can easily break the lid of the digestion tube, causing heavy metals to evaporate into the air. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model proposes a pre-treatment device for detecting heavy metals in soil.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the utility model adopts the following scheme:

[0007] A pre-treatment device for heavy metal detection in soil, comprising a box, a water bath, a pipe rack, a shaking mechanism and an exhaust gas treatment device;

[0008] The front end of the box body is provided with a cavity extending inwardly, and the front end of the box body is adapted to be provided with a hinged box door;

[0009] The water bath is arranged in the cavity, an electric heating pipe is installed in the water bath, a drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the water bath, a valve is arranged on the drain pipe, and a waste water pipe connected to the drain pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the box;

[0010] The tube rack is installed on the upper end of the water bath through a shaking mechanism, the tube rack is arranged horizontally, and a plurality of sockets for inserting digestion tubes are provided on the tube rack;

[0011] The box body is connected with an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe is connected with an induced draft fan, the exhaust gas treatment device is connected to the exhaust pipe, and a plurality of air inlet holes are arranged on the side wall of the box body.

[0012] According to a preferred technical solution, the exhaust gas treatment device comprises a treatment box, two ends of which are connected to two sections of an exhaust pipe via an air inlet and an air outlet, respectively, and an activated carbon adsorption bed is arranged in the treatment box.

[0013] In a preferred technical solution, a dripping mechanism is provided in the cavity, and the dripping mechanism includes a drip nozzle, a liquid inlet pipe, a metering pump, a mounting frame and a moving mechanism;

[0014] The mounting frame is mounted on the top of the cavity through a moving mechanism and moves in the horizontal and vertical directions;

[0015] The drip nozzle is installed on the mounting frame, and the drip nozzle is connected to one end of the liquid inlet pipe through a metering pump. A liquid supply pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the box body, and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the liquid supply pipe through the liquid inlet pipe.

[0016] According to a preferred technical solution, the moving mechanism includes a first linear guide rail, a first moving plate, a first electric screw mechanism, a second linear guide rail, a second moving plate and a second electric screw mechanism.

[0017] The first linear guide rail is installed on the top of the cavity in a transverse direction, the first movable plate is arranged horizontally, and the upper end of the first movable plate is matched and installed on the first linear guide rail to slide, and the first movable plate is connected to the first electric screw mechanism and driven to slide by the first electric screw mechanism;

[0018] The second linear guide is longitudinally mounted on the lower end of the first movable plate, the upper end of the second movable plate is matched and mounted on the second linear guide to slide, and the second movable plate is connected to the second electric screw mechanism and driven to slide by the second electric screw mechanism;

[0019] The mounting frame is mounted on the second movable plate.

[0020] According to a preferred technical solution, the shaking mechanism includes a slide bar, a spring, a cam and a motor;

[0021] The slide bars are provided with two, and the two slide bars are arranged in parallel. The two ends of the slide bars are respectively fixedly mounted on the upper end of the water bath through a mounting block. The pipe rack is horizontally penetrated with two slide holes matching the slide bars. The two slide holes on the pipe rack are respectively sleeved on the two slide bars for sliding;

[0022] The spring is arranged at one end of the pipe frame, and two springs are arranged, and the two springs are respectively sleeved on two sliding rods, one end of the spring is connected to the pipe frame, and the other end of the spring is connected to the mounting block;

[0023] The cam is located at one end of the tube rack away from the spring, the cam is rotatably mounted on one side of the water bath, the cam is horizontally rotatably arranged, the cam is connected to the motor and driven to rotate by the motor, and the outer edge of the cam abuts against one side of the tube rack.

[0024] According to a preferred technical solution, an illumination lamp is provided on the inner wall of the cavity.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are:

[0026] The utility model has a simple structure and is easy to use. A water bath is arranged in a box body with a box door, a digestion tube is inserted into a tube rack and extended into the water bath, and during water bath digestion, the upper box door is closed to prevent heavy metals from volatilizing into the air, and no cover is required on the digestion tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram of the water bath in the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the waste gas treatment device in the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the moving mechanism in the utility model.

[0031] Figure numerals: 1. box body; 2. cavity; 3. water bath; 4. drain pipe; 5. valve; 6. waste water pipe; 7. pipe rack; 8. slide rod; 9. mounting block; 10. spring; 11. cam; 12. second synchronous wheel; 13. motor; 14. drip nozzle; 15. metering pump; 16. mounting frame; 17. liquid supply pipe; 18. liquid inlet pipe; 19. second movable plate; 20. second linear guide; 21. first movable plate; 22. first linear guide; 23. exhaust pipe; 24. induced draft fan; 25. treatment box; 26. air inlet; 27. air outlet; 28. activated carbon adsorption bed; 29. ​​jack; 30. first electric screw mechanism; 31. second electric screw mechanism; 32. lighting lamp; 33. digestion tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0033] A pre-treatment device for heavy metal detection in soil, comprising a box 1, a water bath 3, a pipe rack 7, a shaking mechanism and an exhaust gas treatment device;

[0034] The front end of the box body 1 is provided with a cavity 2 extending inwardly, and the front end of the box body 1 is adapted to be provided with a hinged door;

[0035] The water bath 3 is arranged in the cavity 2, and an electric heating pipe is installed in the water bath 3. The water bath 3 is filled with liquid for water bathing, and is heated by the electric heating pipe. The installation method of heating the liquid in the water bath 3 by the electric heating pipe adopts the existing technology. The bottom of the water bath 3 is connected to a drain pipe 4, and a valve 5 is arranged on the drain pipe 4. A waste water pipe 6 connected to the drain pipe 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the box 1. After the water bath digestion is completed, the valve 5 is opened to discharge the liquid in the water bath 3 out of the box 1 through the drain pipe 4 and the waste water pipe 6;

[0036] The tube rack 7 is installed at the upper end of the water bath 3 through a shaking mechanism. The tube rack 7 is arranged horizontally. A plurality of insertion holes 29 for inserting the digestion tubes 33 are provided on the tube rack 7. After the digestion tubes 33 are inserted into the insertion holes 29, the lower ends of the digestion tubes 33 extend into the liquid in the water bath 3 for water bath digestion. The shaking mechanism is used to shake the digestion tubes 33 during the digestion process.

[0037] The box body 1 is connected to an exhaust pipe 23, and an induced draft fan 24 is connected to the exhaust pipe 23. The exhaust gas treatment device is connected to the exhaust pipe 23. A plurality of air inlet holes are provided on the side wall of the box body 1. The gas in the box body 1 is sucked out by the induced draft fan 24, and when passing through the exhaust gas treatment device, harmful substances such as heavy metal volatiles in the gas are adsorbed by the exhaust gas treatment device.

[0038] The water bath 3 is set in the box 1 with a door, and the digestion tube 33 is inserted into the tube rack 7 and extended into the water bath 3. During the water bath digestion process, the upper door is closed to prevent heavy metals from volatilizing into the air, and the digestion tube 33 does not need to be covered with a lid.

[0039] According to a preferred technical solution, the exhaust gas treatment device comprises a treatment box 25 , both ends of which are connected to two sections of an exhaust pipe 23 via an air inlet 26 and an air outlet 27 , respectively, and an activated carbon adsorption bed 28 is disposed in the treatment box 25 .

[0040] The activated carbon adsorption bed 28 can effectively adsorb volatile heavy metals and other harmful substances.

[0041] The preferred technical solution is that a dripping mechanism is provided in the cavity 2, and the dripping mechanism includes a drip nozzle 14, a liquid inlet pipe 18, a metering pump 15, a mounting frame 16 and a moving mechanism; since aqua regia and other agents need to be dripped into the digestion tube 33 before the soil is digested, through this solution, the liquid can be dripped into the cavity 2;

[0042] The mounting frame 16 is mounted on the top of the cavity 2 through a moving mechanism and moves in the horizontal and vertical directions;

[0043] The drip nozzle 14 is installed on the mounting frame 16 , and the drip nozzle 14 is connected to one end of a liquid inlet pipe 18 through a metering pump 15 . A liquid supply pipe 17 is provided on the outer wall of the box body 1 , and the other end of the liquid inlet pipe 18 is connected to the liquid supply pipe 17 through the liquid inlet pipe 18 .

[0044] A container containing liquid medicine is placed on one side of the box 1, one end of the liquid supply tube 17 is placed in the liquid medicine, and then the dropper 14 is moved to the top of the corresponding digestion tube 33 by the moving mechanism, and the metering pump 15 drips the liquid medicine in the container into the digestion tube 33 according to the set metering.

[0045] The preferred technical solution is that the moving mechanism includes a first linear guide rail 22, a first moving plate 21, a first electric screw mechanism, a second linear guide rail 20, a second moving plate 19 and a second electric screw mechanism 31.

[0046] The first linear guide rail 22 is installed on the top of the cavity 2 in a transverse direction, the first movable plate 21 is arranged horizontally, and the upper end of the first movable plate 21 is matched and installed on the first linear guide rail 22 to slide, the first movable plate 21 is connected to the first electric screw mechanism 30 and driven to slide by the first electric screw mechanism 30, and the first electric screw mechanism 30 adopts the existing technology to drive the first movable plate 21 to slide on the first linear guide rail 22;

[0047] The second linear guide rail 20 is longitudinally mounted on the lower end of the first movable plate 21, and the upper end of the second movable plate 19 is matched and mounted on the second linear guide rail 20 to slide. The second movable plate 19 is connected to the second electric screw mechanism 31 and driven to slide by the second electric screw mechanism 31. The second electric screw mechanism 31 adopts the existing technology to drive the second movable plate 19 to slide on the second linear guide rail 20;

[0048] The mounting frame 16 is mounted on the second movable plate 19 .

[0049] The preferred technical solution is that the shaking mechanism includes a slide bar 8, a spring 10, a cam 11 and a motor 13;

[0050] The slide rods 8 are provided with two, and the two slide rods 8 are arranged in parallel. The two ends of the slide rods 8 are respectively fixedly mounted on the upper end of the water bath 3 through a mounting block 9. The two slide rods 8 are respectively mounted on both sides of the water bath 3. The pipe rack 7 is horizontally penetrated with two slide holes matching the slide rods 8. The two slide holes on the pipe rack 7 are respectively sleeved on the two slide rods 8 for sliding.

[0051] The spring 10 is arranged at one end of the pipe frame 7. There are two springs 10, which are respectively sleeved on two slide bars 8. One end of the spring 10 is connected to the pipe frame 7, and the other end of the spring 10 is connected to the mounting block 9.

[0052] The cam 11 is located at one end of the pipe rack 7 away from the spring 10. The cam 11 is rotatably installed on one side of the water bath 3. The cam 11 is horizontally rotatably arranged. The cam 11 is connected to the motor 13 and is driven to rotate by the motor 13. The outer edge of the cam 11 is against one side of the pipe rack 7. The cam 11 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft. The lower end of the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the upper end of the water bath 3. A first synchronous wheel is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft. The motor 13 is vertically installed on one side of the water bath 3. A second synchronous wheel 12 is fixedly installed on the output end of the motor 13. The first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel 12 are connected by a synchronous belt transmission.

[0053] The motor 13 drives the cam 11 to rotate. As the cam 11 rotates, the tube rack 7 is pushed to move on the slide bar 8 in the direction of the spring 10, thereby compressing the spring 10. Then, as the cam 11 rotates, the tube rack 7 is pushed toward the direction of the cam 11 under the elastic force of the spring 10. Therefore, relying on the cooperation of the cam 11 and the spring 10, the tube rack 7 slides back and forth on the slide bar 8, thereby shaking the digestion tube 33 on the tube rack 7.

[0054] According to a preferred technical solution, an illumination lamp 32 is provided on the inner wall of the cavity 2 .

[0055] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the utility model product is conventionally placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0056] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0057] Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pre-treatment device for detecting heavy metals in soil, characterized in that: It comprises a box body (1), a water bath (3), a pipe rack (7), a shaking mechanism and an exhaust gas treatment device; The front end of the box body (1) is provided with a cavity (2) extending inwardly, and the front end of the box body (1) is adapted to be provided with a hinged door; The water bath (3) is arranged in the cavity (2), an electric heating pipe is installed in the water bath (3), a drain pipe (4) is connected to the bottom of the water bath (3), a valve (5) is provided on the drain pipe (4), and a waste water pipe (6) connected to the drain pipe (4) is provided on the outer wall of the box (1); The tube rack (7) is installed on the upper end of the water bath (3) through a shaking mechanism, the tube rack (7) is arranged horizontally, and a plurality of insertion holes (29) for inserting the digestion tubes (33) are provided on the tube rack (7); The box body (1) is connected to an exhaust pipe (23), the exhaust pipe (23) is connected to an induced draft fan (24), the exhaust gas treatment device is connected to the exhaust pipe (23), and a plurality of air inlet holes are provided on the side wall of the box body (1).

2. A soil heavy metal detection pre-treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The waste gas treatment device comprises a treatment box (25), the two ends of which are connected to two sections of an exhaust pipe (23) via an air inlet (26) and an air outlet (27), respectively, and an activated carbon adsorption bed (28) is arranged in the treatment box (25).

3. A soil heavy metal detection pre-treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid dripping mechanism is provided in the cavity (2), and the liquid dripping mechanism comprises a drip nozzle (14), a liquid inlet pipe (18), a metering pump (15), a mounting frame (16) and a moving mechanism; The mounting frame (16) is mounted on the top of the cavity (2) via a moving mechanism and moves in the horizontal and vertical directions; The drip nozzle (14) is mounted on a mounting frame (16); the drip nozzle (14) is connected to one end of a liquid inlet pipe (18) via a metering pump (15); a liquid supply pipe (17) is provided on the outer wall of the box body (1); the other end of the liquid inlet pipe (18) is connected to the liquid supply pipe (17) via the liquid inlet pipe (18).

4. A soil heavy metal detection pre-treatment device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The moving mechanism comprises a first linear guide rail (22), a first moving plate (21), a first electric screw mechanism, a second linear guide rail (20), a second moving plate (19) and a second electric screw mechanism (31). The first linear guide rail (22) is installed on the top of the cavity (2) in a transverse direction, the first movable plate (21) is arranged horizontally, and the upper end of the first movable plate (21) is matched and installed on the first linear guide rail (22) to slide, and the first movable plate (21) is connected to the first electric screw mechanism (30) and driven to slide by the first electric screw mechanism (30); The second linear guide rail (20) is longitudinally mounted on the lower end of the first movable plate (21); the upper end of the second movable plate (19) is matched and mounted on the second linear guide rail (20) to slide; the second movable plate (19) is connected to the second electric screw mechanism (31) and driven to slide by the second electric screw mechanism (31); The mounting frame (16) is mounted on the second movable plate (19).

5. A soil heavy metal detection pre-treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The shaking mechanism comprises a slide bar (8), a spring (10), a cam (11) and a motor (13); The slide bars (8) are provided with two slide bars (8) which are arranged in parallel. The two ends of the slide bars (8) are respectively fixedly mounted on the upper end of the water bath (3) through a mounting block (9). The pipe rack (7) is horizontally penetrated with two slide holes matching the slide bars (8). The two slide holes on the pipe rack (7) are respectively sleeved on the two slide bars (8) for sliding. The spring (10) is arranged at one end of the pipe frame (7), and two springs (10) are provided. The two springs (10) are respectively sleeved on two sliding rods (8), one end of the spring (10) is connected to the pipe frame (7), and the other end of the spring (10) is connected to the mounting block (9); The cam (11) is located at one end of the pipe rack (7) away from the spring (10), and the cam (11) is rotatably mounted on one side of the water bath (3). The cam (11) is arranged to rotate horizontally. The cam (11) is connected to a motor (13) and is driven to rotate by the motor (13), and the outer edge of the cam (11) abuts against one side of the pipe rack (7).

6. A soil heavy metal detection pre-treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An illumination lamp (32) is provided on the inner wall of the cavity (2).

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