Unmanned ship power supply equalization circuit and device thereof

Abstract

The utility model provides an unmanned ship power supply equalization circuit and a device thereof, the unmanned ship power supply equalization circuit comprises control circuits which are respectively corresponding to a plurality of groups of lithium batteries in number and are connected, the control circuits are arranged in parallel, each control circuit comprises an external N-channel MOSFET and an ideal diode control chip, and the external N-channel MOSFET is connected with the ideal diode control chip. The ideal diode control chip is connected to a grid electrode of the external N-channel MOSFET, and the ideal diode control chip is used for controlling conduction and reverse connection and disconnection of the external N-channel MOSFET. The unmanned ship power supply device comprises the unmanned ship power supply equalization circuit. According to the utility model, the batteries can provide different currents or currents with small voltage difference under the condition that the voltage difference is large or small, balanced power supply is carried out, and the endurance time can be prolonged under the condition that the capacity of a single battery is not increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power supply circuits, and in particular to an unmanned ship power supply equalization circuit and a device thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the functions of unmanned boats increase, their size and weight increase, and the power of unmanned boats needs to be increased, so the power also increases. At present, unmanned boats are basically powered by batteries. Considering the outdoor operation scenarios of unmanned boats, the battery capacity needs to meet the measurement needs for a long time. Small-capacity batteries cannot meet the endurance requirements. If the battery capacity is increased, the size and weight will increase, and the design difficulty and safety issues of the battery or hull will also arise.

[0003] Existing dual battery power supply solutions:

[0004] 1. A Chinese invention patent with publication number CN110797962B discloses a dual-battery switching method and a dual-battery system, including: obtaining battery information of battery modules on a first battery mounting position and a second battery mounting position; determining the plugging and unplugging status of the battery module according to the battery information; and then controlling the discharge of the corresponding battery module according to the plugging and unplugging status of the battery module.

[0005] 2. The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN109742841A discloses a dual-battery power supply circuit for an unmanned ship, including: separating the battery and the system through an external N-channel MOSFET, using the voltage difference of the external N-channel MOSFET body diode, comparing the voltage of the two ends of the ground through a comparator, and outputting a high or low level to control the external N-channel MOSFET to turn on / off. The high-voltage battery pulls up the equivalent voltage to the voltage difference between the two batteries, and the high-voltage battery power supply is turned on through the comparator, while the low-voltage battery power supply is turned off.

[0006] However, there are some disadvantages in the above solution:

[0007] 1. Use the battery plug-in status to control the power supply. First, you need to control the circuit to turn the controller on or off. Only battery 1 or battery 2 can supply power alone, or battery 1 and battery 2 can be turned on together. In addition, the circuit status needs to be constantly detected, and seamless switching and balanced power supply cannot be achieved.

[0008] 2. Use a comparator to compare the ground voltage difference. Either battery 1 or battery 2 is used for power supply. Only when the two voltage differences are equal can they be powered together. When there is a voltage difference, seamless switching and balanced power supply cannot be achieved. Utility Model Content

[0009] The embodiment of the utility model provides an unmanned ship power balancing circuit and a device thereof to solve the problems existing in the related technology. The technical solution is as follows:

[0010] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides an unmanned ship power balancing circuit, comprising:

[0011] Several sets of lithium batteries;

[0012] The control circuits are respectively connected to the number of groups of lithium batteries, and are arranged in parallel. They include an external N-channel MOSFET and an ideal diode control chip. The ideal diode control chip is connected to the gate of the external N-channel MOSFET. The ideal diode control chip is used to control the conduction and reverse shutdown of the external N-channel MOSFET.

[0013] In one embodiment of the utility model, it also includes: a microcontroller unit MCU, which is connected to the pin of the ideal diode control chip. The MCU is connected to the ideal diode control chip, and the MCU reads the battery power information through the signal line on the battery.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the forward voltage of the ideal diode control chip reaches 20mV, the external N-channel MOSFET is fully turned on.

[0015] In one embodiment of the utility model, when the ideal diode control chip is reversely connected or the input Vin is less than Vout, and Vin-Vout<-20mV is satisfied, the external N-channel MOSFET is turned off.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, it further comprises a plurality of output filter capacitors, wherein the plurality of output filter capacitors are connected to the output end of the ideal diode control chip.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, it further comprises a plurality of input filter capacitors, wherein the plurality of input filter capacitors are connected to the input end of the ideal diode control chip.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, a DC-DC module is further included, and an input end of the DC-DC module is connected to a combined circuit of output ends of several groups of lithium batteries.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the output end of the DC-DC module is connected to the power input end of the MCU.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model further provides an unmanned ship power supply device, comprising the unmanned ship power supply balancing circuit described in the first aspect above.

[0021] In one embodiment, the thruster, communication system, depth sounder or other load modules are powered by external N-channel MOSFETs in parallel. When a large number of batteries are connected to the circuit, if the voltage of one battery is higher than the voltage of another battery, the higher battery provides most of the current for the system, and the lower battery provides a small part of the current for the system, that is, there is a voltage difference when the battery power source is switched, which allows the battery with a lower voltage to provide current; if the voltage difference between the two batteries is small, the two batteries power the system at the same time, and the two batteries provide balanced current. When supplying power, the batteries on both sides will not be backflowed, and the combined power supply is stepped down to 3.3V by the DC-DC module to power the system's MCU.

[0022] The advantages or beneficial effects of the above technical solution include at least:

[0023] 1. In the present invention, the battery can provide different currents or currents with little difference when the voltage difference is large or small, and provide balanced power supply, which can improve the battery life without increasing the capacity of a single battery.

[0024] 2. The overall efficiency and reliability of the system will be improved. Due to the low forward voltage drop of the ideal diode controller, power dissipation and its related thermal management issues will be negligible.

[0025] 3. Load sharing. When using an ideal diode controller, there is no load sharing problem caused by the forward voltage difference of Schottky diodes and their negative temperature coefficient, and smooth load switching is achieved.

[0026] 4. To prevent reverse current flow, when the input channel of one of the channels is lower than the output, the ideal diode chip stops regulating the voltage on the external N-channel MOSFET and shorts the gate to the power input detection pin of the chip to prevent reverse current flow and allow the other power supply to support the load.

[0027] 5. The utility model can realize balanced power supply and switching of multiple batteries and supports balanced switching of multiple batteries.

[0028] 6. The utility model supports switching between two balancing modes, and can provide two working modes: voltage detection switching and power detection switching.

[0029] The above summary is for the purpose of description only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments and features described above, further aspects, embodiments and features of the utility model will be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the multiple drawings represent the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings only depict some embodiments disclosed in accordance with the utility model and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 1 A power balancing circuit diagram of an unmanned boat provided by the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a multi-parallel power balancing circuit for an unmanned ship provided by the utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is an overall structural diagram of an unmanned boat power supply device provided by the utility model.

[0034] Explanation of the reference numerals in the specification: 1 - external N-channel MOSFET; 2 - ideal diode control chip; C1 / C2 / C5 / C6 - output filter capacitor; C3 / C4 / C7 / C8 - input filter capacitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0036] In the related art, the utility model provides an unmanned boat power balancing circuit and device, which performs balanced power supply when the battery voltages are unequal and the battery voltages have a small difference, which can effectively increase the operation time of outdoor measurement, avoid the use of large, heavy and high-capacity batteries, and effectively solve the short board effect of low-voltage battery power supply limiting system operation;

[0037] The utility model realizes power balance through an ideal diode. When the battery power supply is switched, there is a voltage difference, which enables the battery with a lower voltage to provide current, and the low-voltage battery will not be reversed by the high-voltage battery; when the voltage difference between the two batteries is small, the battery provides a balanced current for the system.

[0038] When one of the power supplies fails, the other power supply can take over to keep the system running without interruption. This device supports redundant power supply application to ensure that power is always available and has the characteristics of high reliability.

[0039] In a first aspect, the utility model provides an unmanned ship power balancing circuit. Figure 1 As shown, the unmanned ship power balancing circuit includes:

[0040] A plurality of groups of lithium batteries; control circuits corresponding to and connected to the plurality of groups of lithium batteries, respectively; the control circuits are arranged in parallel, and include an external N-channel MOSFET 1 and an ideal diode control chip 2; the ideal diode control chip 2 is connected to the gate of the external N-channel MOSFET 1; the ideal diode control chip 2 is used to control the conduction and reverse shutdown of the external N-channel MOSFET 1.

[0041] The power balancing circuit also includes: a microcontroller unit (MCU), which is connected to pin 2 of the ideal diode control chip. The MCU is connected to the ideal diode control chip, and the MCU reads the battery power information through the signal line on the battery.

[0042] Specifically, this circuit is turned on by the external N-channel MOSFET1 at the moment of power-on. When the forward voltage (i.e., VSD(REG)) reaches 20mV (typical value), the external N-channel MOSFET1 is fully turned on. When it is reversely connected or the input Vin is less than Vout, and Vin-Vout<-20mV is satisfied, the external N-channel MOSFET1 is turned off. For example, when the input channel of U1 is lower than the output, U1 stops regulating the voltage on the external N-channel MOSFET1 and shorts the gate to the substrate resistance control to prevent reverse current flow and allow the U2 power supply to support the load.

[0043] The circuit of the utility model also provides chip control pins, namely BAT1_CTR and BAT2_CTR, which support changing the detection voltage switching to the detection power switching through the MCU to realize the selection of two modes.

[0044] The power balancing circuit further includes a plurality of output filter capacitors connected to the output end of the ideal diode control chip 2 , and a plurality of input filter capacitors connected to the input end of the ideal diode control chip 2 .

[0045] Specifically, the circuit is composed of input filter capacitors C3 / C4 / C7 / C8, output filter capacitors C1 / C2 / C5 / C6 and external N-channel MOSFET1 Q1 / Q2. The outputs of multiple lithium batteries are combined to form VCC_DC_IN to power the subsequent system.

[0046] like Figure 2As shown, "multiple batteries in parallel balancing" is also an applicable circuit of the utility model. For example, when three lithium batteries are used for power supply, when the voltage of lithium battery 1 is the highest, lithium battery 2 is the second, and lithium battery 3 is the lowest, then lithium battery 1 provides the highest current, lithium battery 2 is the second, and lithium battery 3 is the lowest; until the voltage of lithium battery 1 drops to a level close to that of lithium battery 2, the two lithium batteries provide currents that are not much different, and lithium battery 3 still provides a small current; when the voltages of the two lithium batteries are close to that of battery 3, the three lithium batteries provide the same current, thereby achieving balanced power supply. In addition, the circuit can also provide two working modes, supporting the change of detection voltage switching to detection power switching.

[0047] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a power supply device for an unmanned ship. Figure 3 As shown, the unmanned ship power supply device includes the unmanned ship power supply balancing circuit described in the first aspect above.

[0048] Specifically, the lithium battery is connected to the ideal diode circuit of the device through the J1 and J2 interfaces respectively. The device is designed as a parallel power supply, which can achieve redundancy and voltage drop sharing. For redundant power supplies, the power supply with the highest output voltage provides most or all of the load current. If a single power supply fails, the external N-channel MOSFET1 of the fault path is quickly turned off, and the power supply is taken over by another power supply; if the power supply output voltage and output impedance are almost equal, voltage drop sharing can be achieved. When the high-voltage battery is the main power supply and the low-voltage battery is the auxiliary power supply, when the consumption is close to the low-voltage battery, the low-voltage power supply automatically increases its output current and supplies power together. The power supply can achieve smooth load distribution.

[0049] In summary, the unmanned boat power balancing and device in the utility model can provide different currents or currents with little difference for balanced power supply when the voltages of the batteries differ greatly or slightly, thereby improving the battery life without increasing the capacity of a single battery, achieving balanced power supply and switching of multiple batteries, and supporting balanced switching of multiple batteries.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0051] The above is only a specific implementation of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model, which should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An unmanned ship power balancing circuit, characterized in that: include: Several sets of lithium batteries; The control circuits are respectively connected to the number of groups of lithium batteries, and are arranged in parallel. They include an external N-channel MOSFET and an ideal diode control chip. The ideal diode control chip is connected to the gate of the external N-channel MOSFET. The ideal diode control chip is used to control the conduction and reverse shutdown of the external N-channel MOSFET.

2. The unmanned ship power balancing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The microcontroller unit MCU is connected to the pin of the ideal diode control chip. The MCU is connected to the ideal diode control chip, and the MCU reads the power information of the battery through the signal line on the battery.

3. The unmanned ship power balancing circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the forward voltage of the ideal diode control chip reaches 20mV, the external N-channel MOSFET is fully turned on.

4. The unmanned ship power balancing circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the ideal diode control chip is reversely connected or the input Vin is less than Vout and Vin-Vout<-20mV is satisfied, the external N-channel MOSFET is turned off.

5. The unmanned ship power balancing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of output filter capacitors, and the plurality of output filter capacitors are connected to the output end of the ideal diode control chip.

6. The unmanned ship power balancing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of input filter capacitors, and the plurality of input filter capacitors are connected to the input end of the ideal diode control chip.

7. The unmanned ship power balancing circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a DC-DC module, the input end of which is connected to the combined circuit of several groups of lithium battery output ends.

8. The unmanned ship power balancing circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The output end of the DC-DC module is connected to the power input end of the MCU.

9. An unmanned ship power supply device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a power balancing circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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