Microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device applied to soil
By designing a microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device including a liquid separation tank, separation tower, filter mesh and catalytic partition, the problem of microplastic pollution treatment in the soil is solved, and efficient microplastic separation and degradation is achieved. Suitable for different textures of soil and microplastic types.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420815057.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-18
AI Technical Summary
The lack of devices in the prior art that can effectively separate and degrade microplastics in soils has led to the urgent need to solve the problem of soil microplastic pollution treatment.
A microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device including a liquid separation tank, a separation tower body, a filter mesh, a degradation tank body and a catalytic partition were designed. The microplastic with lighter and heavier density was classified and treated through the liquid separation tank, and Multi-stage screening and degradation reactions are used to perform multi-stage screening and degradation reactions to generate non-toxic and harmless small molecules or CO2.
It realizes efficient separation and degradation of microplastics in soil, is suitable for soils and microplastic types of different textures, is universal and efficient, and solves the problem of microplastic treatment in soil.
Smart Images
Figure CN222288329U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device applied to soil. Background Art
[0002] Plastic products are ubiquitous in modern society. As of 2015, humans have produced 6.3 billion tons of plastic, of which up to 79% are landfilled or discarded in nature. Today, there is a consensus on the harm of plastics to the environment and health, but microplastics of smaller size (<5mm) have only attracted people's attention in recent years. They have a wide range of sources, huge quantities, great harm and are more hidden. Studies have shown that the presence of microplastics has been detected in human blood, gastrointestinal tract, lung, liver, spleen and kidney tissue samples; in plants, it has also been found that the accumulation of nanoplastics will inhibit plant growth and seedling development, directly affecting agricultural sustainable development and food safety. Most of the research on microplastic pollution is concentrated in the water environment, such as the ocean and sewage treatment. However, research on microplastic soil pollution is relatively lacking. Studies have shown that the abundance of microplastics in terrestrial soil may be 4-23 times that of the ocean. The main polymer types are polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), etc. At the same time, microplastics have strong adsorption capacity and are ideal carriers of hydrophobic organic matter and heavy metals such as persistent organic pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, pesticides). Moreover, microplastics in soil will be released into rivers, reservoirs and oceans in large quantities with rainfall and floods, seriously damaging the ecological environment. Therefore, removing microplastics in soil has become an important topic of environmental protection. However, in the prior art, there is only a device for separating and degrading microplastics in water, and the separation and degradation of microplastics in soil is still in a blank stage. A new type of microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device that can be applied to soil is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for use in soil, which can achieve the separation and degradation of microplastics in soil in a hierarchical manner and has a good separation and degradation effect.
[0004] The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0005] A microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device applied to soil, comprising:
[0006] A liquid separation tank, a first pipeline, a separation tower body, a plurality of filter screens, a second pipeline, a degradation tank body and a catalytic baffle, wherein one end of the first pipeline is connected to the side wall of the liquid separation tank, the other end of the first pipeline is connected to the separation tower body, and the plurality of filter screens are arranged in the separation tower body at intervals and are located between the first pipeline and the liquid outlet of the separation tower body;
[0007] One end of the second pipeline is connected to the side wall of the liquid separation tank, and the other end of the second pipeline is connected to the degradation tank body, and the catalytic baffle is arranged in the degradation tank body;
[0008] The communication position between the first pipeline and the liquid separation tank is lower than the communication position between the second pipeline and the liquid separation tank.
[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, a stirring device, a screen and an oscillator are further included, wherein the stirring device is arranged above the screen and close to the screen, the screen is arranged above the liquid separation pool, the top of the liquid separation pool is open, and the power output end of the oscillator is connected to the screen.
[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, a first valve is provided on the first pipeline, and a second valve is provided on the second pipeline.
[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, it is characterized in that the apertures of the multiple filter screens are different, and the apertures of the multiple filter screens gradually decrease from the first pipe to the liquid outlet.
[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, an air pump, an air pipe and a bubbler are also included, wherein the air pump is installed at one end of the air pipe, the bubbler is installed at the other end of the air pipe, the bubbler is arranged in the separation tower body, and the filter is located between the first pipe and the bubbler.
[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, a flow meter is further included, and the flow meter is arranged on the air pipe.
[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, a third pipe and a liquid collection tank are further included, one end of the third pipe is connected to the side wall of the separation tower body and is located between the first pipe and the first layer of the filter screen, the other end of the third pipe is connected to the degradation tank body, and the liquid collection tank is arranged on the third pipe.
[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, a third valve and a fourth valve are further included, wherein the third valve is disposed between the separation tower body and the liquid collecting tank, and the fourth valve is disposed between the liquid collecting tank and the degradation tank body.
[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, a heating device is further included, and the heating device is arranged on the degradation tank body.
[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, a fourth pipeline is further included, one end of the fourth pipeline is connected to the degradation tank body, and the other end of the fourth pipeline is connected to the liquid separation tank.
[0018] The microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device applied to soil of the present application classifies and processes microplastics in the soil through a liquid separation tank, wherein microplastics with lighter density float on the liquid and microplastics with heavier density are suspended in the liquid. The microplastics with lighter density are introduced into the degradation tank body through a higher second pipe, and the catalytic partition in the degradation tank body is used to drive the degradation reaction of microplastics and organic pollutants to generate non-toxic and harmless small molecules or CO 2 The relatively low first pipe introduces the denser microplastics into the separation tower body, and uses the multiple filters in the separation tower body for multi-stage screening to effectively separate the remaining microplastics in the soil. The entire device has a simple structure and a reasonable design. It can effectively solve the problems of difficulty in separating, extracting and degrading microplastics in the soil. By using different liquids and filters with different porosity in the liquid separation pool, it can be applied to the pollution control of soils of different textures and different types of microplastics, and has high universality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the microplastic separation and degradation device of the present application.
[0020] In the figure, 1, liquid separation tank; 2, first pipeline; 3, separation tower body; 301, liquid outlet; 4, filter; 5, second pipeline; 6, degradation tank body; 7, catalytic baffle; 8, stirring device; 9, screen; 10, oscillator; 11, first valve; 12, second valve; 13, air pump; 14, air pipe; 15, bubbler; 16, flow meter; 17, third pipeline; 18, liquid collecting tank; 19, third valve; 20, fourth valve; 21, heating device; 22, fourth pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following is a further detailed description of the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. used in the present application to indicate the orientation or position relationship is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application proposes a microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device applied to soil, comprising:
[0025] A liquid separation tank 1, a first pipeline 2, a separation tower body 3, a plurality of filter screens 4, a second pipeline 5, a degradation tank body 6 and a catalytic baffle 7, wherein one end of the first pipeline 2 is connected to the side wall of the liquid separation tank 1, and the other end of the first pipeline 2 is connected to the separation tower body 3, and the plurality of filter screens 4 are arranged at intervals in the separation tower body 3 and are located between the first pipeline 2 and the liquid outlet 301 of the separation tower body 3;
[0026] One end of the second pipe 5 is connected to the side wall of the liquid separation tank 1, and the other end of the second pipe 5 is connected to the degradation tank body 6. The catalytic baffle 7 is arranged in the degradation tank body 6.
[0027] The communication position between the first pipeline 2 and the liquid separation tank 1 is lower than the communication position between the second pipeline 5 and the liquid separation tank 1 .
[0028] Based on the above technical solution, the microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil of the present application classifies and processes the microplastics in the soil through the liquid separation tank 1, and the microplastics with lighter density float on the liquid, and the microplastics with heavier density are suspended in the liquid. The microplastics with lighter density are introduced into the degradation tank body 6 by the higher second pipe 5, and the catalytic partition 7 in the degradation tank body 6 is used to drive the degradation reaction of microplastics and organic pollutants to generate non-toxic and harmless small molecules or CO 2The relatively low first pipe 2 guides the microplastics with heavier density into the separation tower body 3, and uses the multiple filter screens 4 in the separation tower body 3 for multi-stage screening to effectively separate the remaining microplastics in the soil. The entire device has a simple structure and a reasonable design, which can effectively solve the problem of difficult separation, extraction and degradation of microplastics in the soil. By using different liquids in the liquid separation pool 1 and filter screens 4 with different pores set in the separation tower body 3, it can be applied to the pollution control of soils with different textures and different types of microplastics, and has high universality. Among them, the catalytic partition 7 is preferably a multilayer partition loaded with a photocatalyst, and the multilayer partition loaded with a photocatalyst is fixed in the degradation tank body 6 at a certain angle. The photocatalyst loaded on the catalytic partition 7 can be an ultraviolet light responsive photocatalyst or a visible light responsive photocatalyst, which can be a metal oxide, a metal nitride, a metal sulfide, a metal nitrogen oxide, a metal organic framework compound, an organic semiconductor material and its derivatives. At the same time, different light sources can be selected to irradiate the multilayer partition loaded with a photocatalyst, such as an ultraviolet lamp, a mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, an LED light source, etc., so as to promote the reaction efficiency of photocatalytic degradation, drive the degradation reaction of microplastics, and generate non-toxic and harmless small molecules or CO2. In addition, the solute of the liquid in the liquid separation tank 1 can be at least one of water, sodium chloride, sodium iodide, sodium bromide, zinc chloride, zinc iodide, zinc bromide, calcium chloride, potassium formate, sodium polytungstate, etc.
[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a stirring device 8, a screen 9 and an oscillator 10, wherein the stirring device 8 is arranged above the screen 9 and is arranged close to the screen 9, the screen 9 is arranged above the liquid separation tank 1, the top of the liquid separation tank 1 is open, and the power output end of the oscillator 10 is connected to the screen 9. The stirring device 8 is preferably a plough-type mechanical stirrer, which is fixed on the side plate above the screen 9 and reversed 360° by a motor to stir and disperse the soil. The aperture of the screen 9 is preferably 5mm, which is used to filter and remove sand and gravel with particles larger than 5mm, organic roots and stems, etc., and the oscillator 10 can promote the separation of microplastics from the soil. The stirring device 8, the screen 9 and the oscillator 10 cooperate to achieve preliminary filtration of the soil, so that the soil and the liquid in the liquid separation tank 1 are better integrated. Preferably, the screen 9 is supported by a bracket so that it has a certain height from the ground, so that it is fixed above the liquid separation tank 1.
[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the first pipeline 2 is provided with a first valve 11, and the second pipeline 5 is provided with a second valve 12. The first valve 11 and the second valve 12 can control the flow of the first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 5 respectively, so that the liquid flow from the liquid separation tank 1 to the separation tower body 3 and the liquid flow from the liquid separation tank 1 to the degradation tank body 6 are controllable.
[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the apertures of the plurality of filter screens 4 are different, and the apertures of the plurality of filter screens 4 gradually decrease from the first pipe 2 to the liquid outlet 301. Along the direction of liquid flow, the aperture of the filter screen 4 gradually decreases, and microplastic particles of different sizes can be separated more efficiently. Taking three filter screens 4 as an example, the three filter screens 4 inside the separation tower body 3 are 3mm, 1mm and 0.25mm from top to bottom. When the liquid with microplastics enters the separation tower body 3 from the first pipe 2, the liquid first passes through the filter screen 4 with an aperture of 3mm. At this time, the microplastics with an aperture greater than 3mm are intercepted by the first-stage filter screen 4. The liquid then passes through the filter screen 4 with an aperture of 1mm. At this time, the microplastics with an aperture greater than 1mm are intercepted by the second-stage filter screen 4. Similarly, when the liquid passes through the filter screen 4 with an aperture of 0.25mm, the third-stage filter screen 4 can intercept microplastics greater than 0.25mm, thereby playing a multi-stage filtering role, improving the efficiency of separation and filtration, and reducing environmental pollution.
[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes an air pump 13, an air pipe 14 and a bubbler 15, wherein the air pump 13 is installed at one end of the air pipe 14, the bubbler 15 is installed at the other end of the air pipe 14, the bubbler 15 is arranged in the separation tower body 3, and the filter screen 4 is located between the first pipe 2 and the bubbler 15. During the use of the filter screen 4, since the filter screen 4 filters a mixture of soil and liquid, the filtering pressure of the filter screen 4 is very large, and it is easy for impurities in the liquid to block the holes of the filter screen 4. In view of this situation, a blowing device can be provided, and the gas produced by the air pump 13 is transported into the separation tower body 3 through the air pipe 14, and blown out through the bubbler 15, so as to remove the impurities adhering to the filter screen 4 and improve the filtering effect of the filter screen 4.
[0033] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, a flow meter 16 is also included, and the flow meter 16 is arranged on the air pipe 14. The flow meter 16 can monitor the gas flow produced by the air pump 13, and play an effect of controlling the blowing air flow.
[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1As shown, it also includes a third pipeline 17 and a liquid collecting tank 18, one end of the third pipeline 17 is connected to the side wall of the separation tower body 3 and is located between the first pipeline 2 and the first layer of the filter screen 4, the other end of the third pipeline 17 is connected to the degradation tank body 6, and the liquid collecting tank 18 is arranged on the third pipeline 17. The third pipeline 17 can introduce microplastics with higher density, and the liquid collecting tank 18 can store the liquid in the third pipeline 17 therein and play a buffering role. It can be selected to pass it into the degradation tank body 6 or adopt other treatment methods. Preferably, the installation heights of the liquid separation tank 1, the separation tower body 3 and the degradation tank body 6 are successively reduced, so that the first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 5 can introduce the liquid from the liquid separation tank 1 into the separation tower body 3 and the degradation tank body 6 under the action of gravity, without the need for other structures, and the third pipeline 17 can introduce the liquid from the separation tower body 3 into the degradation tank body 6, and no other devices are required, saving costs.
[0035] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the third valve 19 and the fourth valve 20 are also included. The third valve 19 is arranged between the separation tower body 3 and the liquid collecting tank 18, and the fourth valve 20 is arranged between the liquid collecting tank 18 and the degradation tank body 6. The third valve 19 is used to control the liquid flow between the separation tower body 3 and the liquid collecting tank 18, and the fourth valve 20 is used to control the liquid flow between the liquid collecting tank 18 and the degradation tank body 6, so as to selectively process the liquid in the liquid collecting tank 18.
[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a heating device 21, which is arranged on the degradation cell body 6. The heating device 21 can be used to control the temperature of the degradation reaction, reduce the activation energy of the degradation reaction, and enable the degradation reaction to be artificially controlled.
[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a fourth pipe 22, one end of which is connected to the degradation tank body 6, and the other end of which is connected to the liquid separation tank 1. The fourth pipe 22 can discharge the degraded liquid back into the liquid separation tank 1, so as to achieve the purpose of recycling. Since the plastic in the degradation tank body 6 has been degraded, this cycle can save raw materials and will not affect the separation efficiency of the liquid separation tank 1. The fourth pipe 22 is preferably provided with a peristaltic pump structure, which can introduce the liquid in the degradation tank body 6 into the liquid separation tank 1, and the liquid in the fourth pipe 22 is preferably purified before entering the liquid separation tank 1, so that the density and composition of the liquid entering the flotation device are similar to those of pure water, and do not affect the subsequent flotation.
[0038] In summary, the microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil of the present application classifies and processes the microplastics in the soil through the liquid separation tank 1, and the microplastics with lighter density float on the liquid, and the microplastics with heavier density are suspended in the liquid. The microplastics with lighter density are introduced into the degradation tank body 6 by the higher second pipe 5, and the catalytic partition 7 in the degradation tank body 6 is used to drive the microplastics and organic pollutants to undergo degradation reaction to generate non-toxic and harmless small molecules or CO 2 The relatively low first pipe 2 guides the microplastics with heavier density into the separation tower body 3, and uses the multiple filter screens 4 in the separation tower body 3 for multi-stage screening to effectively separate the remaining microplastics in the soil. The entire device has a simple structure and a reasonable design, which can effectively solve the problem of difficult separation, extraction and degradation of microplastics in the soil. By using different liquids in the liquid separation pool 1 and filter screens 4 with different porosity, it can be applied to the pollution control of soils of different textures and different types of microplastics, and has high universality.
[0039] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A device for separating and photocatalytically degrading microplastics in soil, characterized in that: include: A liquid separation tank (1), a first pipeline (2), a separation tower body (3), a plurality of filter screens (4), a second pipeline (5), a degradation tank body (6) and a catalytic baffle (7), wherein one end of the first pipeline (2) is connected to the side wall of the liquid separation tank (1), the other end of the first pipeline (2) is connected to the separation tower body (3), and the plurality of filter screens (4) are arranged at intervals in the separation tower body (3) and are located between the first pipeline (2) and the liquid outlet (301) of the separation tower body (3); One end of the second pipe (5) is connected to the side wall of the liquid separation tank (1), and the other end of the second pipe (5) is connected to the degradation tank body (6), and the catalytic baffle (7) is arranged in the degradation tank body (6); The communication position between the first pipeline (2) and the liquid separation tank (1) is lower than the communication position between the second pipeline (5) and the liquid separation tank (1).
2. The microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a stirring device (8), a screen (9) and an oscillator (10), wherein the stirring device (8) is arranged above the screen (9) and close to the screen (9), the screen (9) is arranged above the liquid separation tank (1), the top of the liquid separation tank (1) is open, and the power output end of the oscillator (10) is connected to the screen (9).
3. The microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pipeline (2) is provided with a first valve (11), and the second pipeline (5) is provided with a second valve (12).
4. The microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apertures of the plurality of filter screens (4) are different, and the apertures of the plurality of filter screens (4) gradually decrease from the first pipeline (2) to the liquid outlet (301).
5. The microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an air pump (13), an air pipe (14) and a bubbler (15), wherein the air pump (13) is installed at one end of the air pipe (14), the bubbler (15) is installed at the other end of the air pipe (14), the bubbler (15) is arranged in the separation tower body (3), and the filter screen (4) is located between the first pipeline (2) and the bubbler (15).
6. The microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil application according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a flow meter (16), wherein the flow meter (16) is arranged on the air pipe (14).
7. The microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil application according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a third pipe (17) and a liquid collecting tank (18), one end of the third pipe (17) being connected to the side wall of the separation tower body (3) and being located between the first pipe (2) and the first layer of the filter screen (4), the other end of the third pipe (17) being connected to the degradation tank body (6), and the liquid collecting tank (18) being arranged on the third pipe (17).
8. The microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil application according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a third valve (19) and a fourth valve (20), wherein the third valve (19) is arranged between the separation tower body (3) and the liquid collecting tank (18), and the fourth valve (20) is arranged between the liquid collecting tank (18) and the degradation tank body (6).
9. The microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil application according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a heating device (21), wherein the heating device (21) is arranged on the degradation tank body (6).
10. The microplastic separation and photocatalytic degradation device for soil application according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a fourth pipeline (22), one end of which is connected to the degradation tank body (6), and the other end of which is connected to the liquid separation tank (1).