Phase change radiator, power assembly and centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a phase change radiator, a power assembly and a power unit device, and belongs to the technical field of power electronics, the phase change radiator comprises a substrate, a radiating pipeline is arranged in the substrate, a part of the radiating pipeline is internally provided with a phase change material, and one side of the substrate is provided with a plurality of radiating fins; the power assembly comprises an ANPC topological structure, a driving board, a temperature relay, a composite busbar and a phase change radiator, the ANPC topological structure, the driving board and the temperature relay are all arranged on the phase change radiator, the driving board is used for the ANPC topological structure, the temperature relay is used for detecting the temperature of the phase change radiator, and the composite busbar is connected with the driving board; the centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device comprises a unit rack, a power assembly and a unit control panel are arranged on the unit rack, the power assembly is connected with a discharge resistor, an absorption capacitor, a capacitor, a second composite busbar and an alternating current output bar, and the unit control panel is used for controlling the power assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and in particular relates to a phase-change radiator, a power component and a power unit device. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic inverter technology is an important part of the "generation-transmission-distribution-use-storage" of the modern energy system. Centralized photovoltaic inverters have an absolute advantage in the construction of large-scale photovoltaic power stations, with advantages such as high power, strong stability, and easy management and maintenance. Under the national goals of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality", the pace of new energy construction is accelerating. As an important part of the new energy industry, the photovoltaic inverter system is gradually becoming mature and standardized on the grid and user sides. As the only energy conversion device in the photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic inverter plays an important role in the future construction of photovoltaic power station systems. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a phase-change heat sink, power assembly and power unit device. The capacitor and power unit are designed as one body. Compared with the split design of the prior art, it has the advantages of short commutation path, reduced peak voltage and reduced material cost of laminated busbar. At the same time, the capacitor and phase-change heat sink share the air duct, and the cooling air first takes away the heat of the capacitor and then takes away the heat of the phase-change heat sink. The advantage is to reduce the number of fans, simplify the air duct structure, and achieve the purpose of reducing noise and material cost.

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] The phase change heat sink comprises a substrate, a heat dissipation pipeline is arranged in the substrate, a phase change material is arranged in part of the heat dissipation pipeline, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins are arranged on one side of the substrate.

[0006] A power component includes an ANPC topology structure, a drive board, a temperature relay, a first composite busbar and a phase-change radiator. The ANPC topology structure, the drive board and the temperature relay are all arranged on the phase-change radiator. The drive board is used for the ANPC topology structure. The temperature relay is used to detect the temperature of the phase-change radiator. The IGBT module in the ANPC topology structure is connected to the first composite busbar.

[0007] Preferably, the ANPC topology structure includes switch tube S1, switch tube S2, switch tube S3, switch tube S4, switch tube S5 and switch tube S6, the switch tube S1, switch tube S5, switch tube S6 and switch tube S4 are connected in series, the switch tube S2 and switch tube S3 are arranged in parallel with switch tube S5 and switch tube S6, one end of the switch tube S1 is the P pole of the ANPC topology structure, the midpoint of the switch tube S5 and the switch tube S6 is the O pole of the ANPC topology structure, the midpoint of the switch tube S2 and the switch tube S3 is the B pole of the ANPC topology structure, and one end of the switch tube S4 is the N pole of the ANPC topology structure.

[0008] Preferably, the switch tube S1 includes a diode D1 and an IGBT module T1 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S2 includes a diode D2 and an IGBT module T2 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S3 includes a diode D3 and an IGBT module T3 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S4 includes a diode D4 and an IGBT module T4 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S5 includes a diode D5 and an IGBT module T5 arranged in parallel, and the switch tube S6 includes a diode D6 and an IGBT module T6 arranged in parallel.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of ANPC topological structures and two driving boards are provided on the phase change heat sink.

[0010] A centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device comprises a unit frame, on which a power component and a unit control board are arranged, wherein the power component is connected to a discharge resistor, an absorption capacitor, a capacitor, a second composite busbar and an AC output busbar, and the unit control board is used to control the power component.

[0011] Preferably, the unit rack includes a left side panel, a right side panel, a front side panel, a rear side panel, a middle panel and a back panel, the left side panel, the right side panel, the front side panel, the rear side panel and the back panel are all provided with heat dissipation ports, the middle panel is provided with a first through hole and a plurality of second through holes, the left side panel, the right side panel, the front side panel and the rear side panel form a frame, the middle panel is arranged in the middle of the frame, and the back panel is arranged at the back of the frame.

[0012] Preferably, an insulator is provided between the composite busbar and the intermediate plate on the power component.

[0013] Preferably, an insulating mounting plate is provided on the upper end of the driving board on the power component.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows:

[0015] 1. The phase-change heat sink provided by the utility model designs a flow channel in the substrate of the traditional air-cooled heat sink, and fills the flow channel with phase-change coolant, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the heat sink, reducing the temperature difference on the surface of the substrate, thereby reducing the temperature of the power device, and making it work in a more reliable temperature environment. Compared with traditional air-cooled heat sinks, it has a higher thermal conductivity; compared with traditional water-cooled heat sinks, it has a simpler and more economical structure and higher reliability.

[0016] Second, the power component provided by the utility model uses a phase-change heat sink, and a flow channel is designed in the substrate of the traditional air-cooled heat sink, and the flow channel is filled with phase-change coolant, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the heat sink, reducing the temperature difference on the surface of the substrate, thereby reducing the temperature of the power device, and making it work in a more reliable temperature environment. Compared with traditional air-cooled heat sinks, it has a higher thermal conductivity; compared with traditional water-cooled heat sinks, it has a simpler and more economical structure and higher reliability.

[0017] 3. The centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device provided by the utility model has an integrated design of capacitor and power unit. Compared with the split design of the prior art, it has the advantages of short commutation path, reduced peak voltage, and reduced material cost of laminated busbars; at the same time, the capacitor and phase change radiator share the air duct, and the cooling air first takes away the heat of the capacitor and then takes away the heat of the phase change radiator. The advantage is to reduce the number of fans, simplify the air duct structure, and achieve the purpose of reducing noise and material cost.

[0018] Fourth, the centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device provided by the utility model adopts ANPC topology in parallel because it needs to meet the requirements of larger current and higher power. However, this leads to an increase in power density due to the dense power devices on the radiator, and the traditional air-cooled radiator cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements. Water-cooled radiators are expensive, have low reliability, and require frequent maintenance. Photovoltaic inverters are generally used in sparsely populated places such as the Gobi Desert, and maintenance is very inconvenient. Currently, water-cooled heat dissipation solutions are rarely used. To solve this problem, this technology creatively uses a phase change radiator, processes a heat dissipation pipeline inside the air-cooled radiator substrate, and fills the pipeline with phase change material. The liquid phase change material absorbs heat and vaporizes in the area with high power density. The gaseous phase change material is transmitted to the edge of the radiator, releases heat and liquefies, and returns to the area with high power density. This is repeated to achieve the purpose of efficient heat dissipation. Since the thermal conductivity of the phase change material is hundreds or thousands of times greater than that of the aluminum radiator, the comprehensive thermal conductivity of the phase change radiator will be much greater than that of the traditional aluminum radiator. The cooling air enters from the heat dissipation holes of the left side plate, front side plate, rear side plate and back plate of the unit rack, passes through the capacitor first and then the phase change heat sink to achieve heat dissipation of capacitors, IGBT modules and other devices; it is discharged from the heat dissipation holes on the right side plate. The use of a new phase change heat sink can achieve high power density heat dissipation without increasing the volume or the number of fans. It has the advantages of small size, low cost, high reliability, maintenance-free, and low noise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the phase change radiator in the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power component in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device in the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet and outlet of the centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a unit frame in a centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the expansion of a unit frame in a centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device in the utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is an electrical schematic diagram of a centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device in the utility model.

[0026] Among them: 11, ANPC topology; 12, drive board; 13, temperature relay; 14, first composite busbar; 15, phase change radiator; 151, substrate; 152, heat dissipation pipeline; 153, heat dissipation fin; 16, insulation mounting plate; 10, power component; 20, unit rack; 21, left side plate; 22, right side plate; 23, front side plate; 24, rear side plate; 25, middle plate; 26, back plate; 27, heat dissipation port; 28, first perforation; 29, second perforation; 30, unit control board; 40, discharge resistor; 50, absorption capacitor; 60, capacitor; 70, second composite busbar; 80, AC output row; 90, insulator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but the implementation manner of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the phase change heat sink 15 includes a substrate 151 , a heat dissipation pipeline 152 is disposed in the substrate 151 , a phase change material is disposed in part of the heat dissipation pipeline 152 , and a plurality of heat dissipation fins 153 are disposed on one side of the substrate 151 .

[0030] A flow channel is designed in the substrate of the traditional air-cooled radiator, and the flow channel is filled with phase-change coolant, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the radiator, reducing the temperature difference on the surface of the substrate, thereby reducing the temperature of the power device and making it work in a more reliable temperature environment. Compared with traditional air-cooled radiators, it has a higher thermal conductivity; compared with traditional water-cooled heat dissipation, it has a simpler and more economical structure and higher reliability.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the power component includes an ANPC topology structure 11, a drive board 12, a temperature relay 13, a first composite busbar 14 and a phase-change radiator 15. The ANPC topology structure 11, the drive board 12 and the temperature relay 13 are all arranged on the phase-change radiator 15. The drive board 12 is used for the ANPC topology structure 11. The temperature relay 13 is used to detect the temperature of the phase-change radiator 15. The IGBT module in the ANPC topology structure 11 is connected to the first composite busbar 14.

[0033] The phase change heat sink 15 is provided with a plurality of ANPC topology structures 11 and two drive boards 12. The two drive boards 12 are respectively provided on both sides of the first composite busbar 14, and the drive board 12 on one side drives the IGBT module in the ANPC topology structure 11 on the same side.

[0034] The phase-change heat sink 15 is used to design a flow channel in the substrate 151 of the traditional air-cooled heat sink, and the flow channel is filled with phase-change coolant, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the heat sink, reducing the temperature difference on the surface of the substrate 151, and thus reducing the temperature of the power device, so that it can work in a more reliable temperature environment. Compared with the traditional air-cooled heat sink, it has a higher thermal conductivity; compared with the traditional water-cooled heat sink, it has a simpler and more economical structure and higher reliability.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] like Figure 3-Figure 7 As shown, a centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device includes a unit frame 20, on which a power component 10 and a unit control board 30 are arranged, and the power component 10 is connected to a discharge resistor 40, an absorption capacitor 50, a capacitor 60, a second composite busbar 70 and an AC output bar 80, and the unit control board 30 is used to control the power component 10. The discharge resistor 40 includes a discharge resistor R1 and a discharge resistor R2, the absorption capacitor 50 includes an absorption capacitor C21 and an absorption capacitor C22, and the capacitor 60 includes a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13 and a capacitor C14.

[0037] Wherein, a DC power supply is included, the positive electrode of the DC power supply is connected to the P pole of the discharge resistor R1, the capacitor C1, the capacitor C3, the capacitor C5, the capacitor 60C7, the capacitor C9, the capacitor C11, the capacitor C13 and the ANPC topological structure 11, the negative electrode of the DC power supply is connected to the N pole of the discharge resistor R2, the capacitor C2, the capacitor C4, the capacitor C6, the capacitor C8, the capacitor C10, the capacitor C12, the capacitor C14, the absorption capacitor C21 and the ANPC topological structure 11, the midpoint of the discharge resistor R1, the capacitor C1, the capacitor C3, the capacitor C5, the capacitor C7, the capacitor C9, the capacitor C11, the capacitor C13, the discharge resistor R2, the capacitor C2, the capacitor C4, the capacitor C6, the capacitor C8, the capacitor C10, the capacitor C12, the absorption capacitor C22 and the capacitor C14 is connected to the O pole of the ANPC topological structure 11, and the B pole of the ANPC topological structure 11 outputs single-phase alternating current.

[0038] Wherein, the DC power supply is a photovoltaic panel.

[0039] The ANPC topological structure includes a switch tube S1, a switch tube S2, a switch tube S3, a switch tube S4, a switch tube S5 and a switch tube S6. The switch tubes S1, S5, S6 and S4 are connected in series. The switch tubes S2 and S3 are arranged in parallel with the switch tubes S5 and S6. One end of the switch tube S1 is the P pole of the ANPC topological structure, the midpoint of the switch tubes S5 and S6 is the O pole of the ANPC topological structure, the midpoint of the switch tubes S2 and S3 is the B pole of the ANPC topological structure, and one end of the switch tube S4 is the N pole of the ANPC topological structure.

[0040] Among them, the switch tube S1 includes a diode D1 and an IGBT module T1 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S2 includes a diode D2 and an IGBT module T2 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S3 includes a diode D3 and an IGBT module T3 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S4 includes a diode D4 and an IGBT module T4 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S5 includes a diode D5 and an IGBT module T5 arranged in parallel, and the switch tube S6 includes a diode D6 and an IGBT module T6 arranged in parallel.

[0041] The function of the discharge resistors R1-R2 is to limit the amount of charge stored in the capacitor to ensure the safe operation of the circuit; when the machine is shut down for maintenance, it consumes electric energy quickly and reduces the voltage to a safe range to ensure personal safety. The functions of the capacitors C1-C14 are circuit filtering, energy storage, voltage stabilization, and power factor provision; the diodes D1-D6 and IGBT modules T1-T6 form the ANPC three-level topology structure, which functions as frequency conversion control, power supply control, power amplification, power switching, isolation, etc. The three power units output complete three-phase AC power, which can be connected to the power grid after being stepped up by the transformer to achieve the purpose of power generation.

[0042] The unit frame 20 includes a left side plate 21, a right side plate 22, a front side plate 23, a rear side plate 24, a middle plate 25 and a back plate 26. The left side plate 21, the right side plate 22, the front side plate 23, the rear side plate 24 and the back plate 26 are all provided with heat dissipation ports 27. The middle plate 25 is provided with a first perforation 28 and a plurality of second perforations 29. The left side plate 21, the right side plate 22, the front side plate 23 and the rear side plate 24 form a frame. The middle plate 25 is arranged in the middle of the frame, and the back plate 26 is arranged at the back of the frame. The second perforation 29 is used for the capacitor 60 to pass through. The first perforation 28 is arranged to avoid blocking the various components of the IGBT module, the drive board 12, the temperature relay 13 and the composite busbar 14 on the power component 10. The phase change heat sink 15 is located in the space between the rear side plate 24 and the middle plate 25.

[0043] An insulator 90 is provided between the composite busbar 14 on the power component 10 and the intermediate plate 25 , and an insulating mounting plate 16 is provided at the upper end of the driving plate 12 on the power component 10 .

[0044] The centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device provided by the utility model has an integrated design of capacitor and power unit, which has the advantages of short commutation path, reduced peak voltage, and reduced material cost of laminated busbars compared with the split design of the prior art; at the same time, the capacitor and the phase change radiator 15 share the air duct, and the cooling air first takes away the heat of the capacitor and then takes away the heat of the phase change radiator 15. The advantage is that the number of fans is reduced, the air duct structure is simplified, and the purpose of reducing noise and material cost is achieved.

[0045] In order to meet the requirements of larger current and achieve higher power, the ANPC topology 11 is connected in parallel, but this leads to an increase in power density due to the dense power devices on the radiator, and the traditional air-cooled radiator cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements. The water-cooled radiator is expensive, has low reliability, and requires frequent maintenance. The photovoltaic inverter is generally used in sparsely populated places such as the Gobi Desert, and maintenance is very inconvenient. At present, water-cooled heat dissipation solutions are rarely used. To solve this solution, the present technology creatively uses a phase change radiator 15, processes a heat dissipation pipeline 152 inside the air-cooled radiator substrate 151, and fills the pipeline with phase change material. The liquid phase change material absorbs heat and vaporizes in the area with high power density, and the gaseous phase change material is transmitted to the edge of the radiator, liquefies after releasing heat, and returns to the area with high power density, and repeats this process to achieve the purpose of efficient heat dissipation. Since the thermal conductivity of the phase change material is hundreds or thousands of times greater than that of the aluminum radiator, the comprehensive thermal conductivity of the phase change radiator 15 will be much greater than that of the traditional aluminum radiator. The cooling air enters from the heat dissipation holes of the left side plate 21, the front side plate 23, the rear side plate 24 and the back plate 26 of the unit frame 20, passes through the capacitor 60 and then the phase change heat sink 15, to achieve heat dissipation of the capacitor 60, IGBT module and other devices; and is discharged from the heat dissipation holes of the right side plate 22. The use of the new phase change heat sink 15 can achieve high power density heat dissipation without increasing the volume or the number of fans. It has the advantages of small size, low cost, high reliability, maintenance-free, and low noise.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Phase change heat sink, characterized by: It comprises a substrate (151), a heat dissipation pipeline (152) is arranged in the substrate (151), a phase change material is arranged in part of the heat dissipation pipeline (152), and a plurality of heat dissipation fins (153) are arranged on one side of the substrate (151).

2. A power assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ANPC topology structure (11), a drive board (12), a temperature relay (13), a first composite busbar (14), and the phase-change heat sink (15) according to claim 1, wherein the ANPC topology structure (11), the drive board (12), and the temperature relay (13) are all arranged on the phase-change heat sink (15), the drive board (12) is used for the ANPC topology structure (11), the temperature relay (13) is used for detecting the temperature of the phase-change heat sink (15), and the IGBT module in the ANPC topology structure (11) is connected to the first composite busbar (14).

3. The power assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ANPC topological structure (11) comprises a switch tube S1, a switch tube S2, a switch tube S3, a switch tube S4, a switch tube S5 and a switch tube S6; the switch tubes S1, S5, S6 and S4 are connected in series; the switch tubes S2 and S3 are arranged in parallel with the switch tubes S5 and S6; one end of the switch tube S1 is a P pole of the ANPC topological structure (11); the midpoints of the switch tubes S5 and S6 are an O pole of the ANPC topological structure (11); the midpoints of the switch tubes S2 and S3 are a B pole of the ANPC topological structure (11); and one end of the switch tube S4 is an N pole of the ANPC topological structure (11).

4. The power assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switch tube S1 includes a diode D1 and an IGBT module T1 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S2 includes a diode D2 and an IGBT module T2 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S3 includes a diode D3 and an IGBT module T3 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S4 includes a diode D4 and an IGBT module T4 arranged in parallel, the switch tube S5 includes a diode D5 and an IGBT module T5 arranged in parallel, and the switch tube S6 includes a diode D6 and an IGBT module T6 arranged in parallel.

5. The power assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The phase-change heat sink (15) is provided with a plurality of ANPC topological structures (11) and two driving boards (12).

6. A centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a unit frame (20), on which a power component (10) and a unit control board (30) according to any one of claims 2 to 5 are arranged, wherein the power component (10) is connected to a discharge resistor (40), an absorption capacitor (50), a capacitor (60), a second composite busbar (70) and an AC output busbar (80), and the unit control board (30) is used to control the power component (10).

7. The centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The unit frame (20) comprises a left side plate (21), a right side plate (22), a front side plate (23), a rear side plate (24), a middle plate (25) and a back plate (26); the left side plate (21), the right side plate (22), the front side plate (23), the rear side plate (24) and the back plate (26) are all provided with heat dissipation openings (27); the middle plate (25) is provided with a first through hole (28) and a plurality of second through holes (29); the left side plate (21), the right side plate (22), the front side plate (23) and the rear side plate (24) form a frame; the middle plate (25) is provided in the middle of the frame; and the back plate (26) is provided at the back of the frame.

8. The centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device according to claim 7, characterized in that: An insulator (90) is provided between the composite busbar (14) and the intermediate plate (25) on the power component (10).

9. The centralized photovoltaic inverter power unit device according to claim 8, characterized in that: An insulating mounting plate (16) is provided on the upper end of the driving plate (12) on the power component (10).

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