External fixing frame and system for tibial plateau fracture

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tibial plateau fracture external fixing frame and system, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, the tibial plateau fracture external fixing frame sequentially comprises a first arc arm, a second arc arm and a bolt connecting seat from bottom to top, wherein the inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm is used for abutting against the rear outer side of the trauma of the tibial plateau and is provided with a positioning column, and the positioning column is provided with a positioning hole for the positioning guide needle to pass through; the upper end of the first arc-shaped arm is hinged to the lower end of a second arc-shaped arm, the upper end of the second arc-shaped arm is hinged to a bolt connecting seat, and a threaded locking pin is arranged at each hinge shaft; a positioning and pressurizing bolt is in threaded connection in the bolt connecting seat, an axial through hole for the positioning guide pin to pass through is formed in the positioning and pressurizing bolt, the front end of a threaded rod of the positioning and pressurizing bolt is used as a bone extrusion part abutting against the front outer side of the trauma of the tibial plateau, and a driving knob is arranged at the rear end of the threaded rod. The tibial plateau posterior lateral fracture reduction device is suitable for tibial plateau posterior lateral fracture, can achieve minimally invasive treatment and is good in reduction effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an external fixator and system for tibial plateau fractures. Background Art

[0002] Tibial plateau fractures often occur in high-energy trauma, such as falls from heights, car accidents, and falls. Since the tibial plateau is an important load-bearing structure of the lower limbs, when it is subjected to severe vertical and valgus and valgus violence, it often causes bone structure damage, often manifested as tibial plateau split fractures, with or without articular surface collapse, and even knee dislocation and metaphysis comminution in severe cases. The soft tissues around the knee joint and the stable structures of the joint (medial and lateral collateral ligaments, meniscus and cruciate ligaments) will also be affected.

[0003] Posterolateral tibial plateau fractures have always been a difficult problem in tibial plateau surgery. The abundant blood vessels, nerves and posterolateral angle on the posterior side have caused great trouble to the surgery. Although the conventional anterolateral surgical approach can expose the posterior side through osteotomy and obtain a flat joint surface, the posterior bone block lacks effective structural support, which still poses great difficulties.

[0004] In the prior art, external fixators are mainly used for long bone fractures and have a locking and pressurizing function. When used, fixation pins need to be implanted on both sides of the fracture line of the long bone. The external fixator uses the two fixation pins to achieve pressurized fixation of the bone blocks on both sides of the fracture line. However, for tibial plateau fractures, an anterolateral approach is usually used, with only one surgical incision, and the shape of the bone makes it impossible to implant two fixation pins, which makes it impossible to install and use conventional external fixators. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a tibial plateau fracture external fixator and system which is suitable for posterior lateral fracture of tibial plateau and can realize minimally invasive treatment and has good reduction effect.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In one aspect, a tibial plateau fracture external fixator is provided, which comprises, from bottom to top, a first arc-shaped arm, a second arc-shaped arm and a bolt connection seat, wherein:

[0008] The inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm is used to abut against the posterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau injury and is provided with a positioning column for cooperating with the instrument drive hole at the distal end of the fracture compression screw, and the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm and the positioning column are provided with a positioning hole for the positioning guide pin to pass through;

[0009] The upper end of the first arc-shaped arm is hinged to the lower end of the second arc-shaped arm, the upper end of the second arc-shaped arm is hinged to the bolt connection seat, and the hinge axes of the first arc-shaped arm and the second arc-shaped arm, and the hinge axes of the second arc-shaped arm and the bolt connection seat are all provided with threaded locking pins;

[0010] A positioning pressure bolt is threadedly connected to the bolt connection seat, and an axial through hole is provided on the positioning pressure bolt for the positioning guide pin to pass through. The positioning pressure bolt includes a threaded rod passing through the bolt connection seat, and the front end of the threaded rod is used as a bone compression portion against the anterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau injury, and the rear end of the threaded rod is provided with a driving knob.

[0011] Furthermore, at the hinged joint of the first arc-shaped arm and the second arc-shaped arm, one is U-shaped and the other is T-shaped matching the U-shape;

[0012] And / or, one of the hinges between the second arc-shaped arm and the bolt connection seat is U-shaped, and the other is T-shaped matching the U-shape;

[0013] And / or, the first arc-shaped arm and the second arc-shaped arm are asymmetric structures;

[0014] And / or, a driving knob is provided at the end of the threaded locking pin.

[0015] On the other hand, a tibial plateau fracture external fixation system is provided, comprising a fracture compression screw and the above-mentioned tibial plateau fracture external fixator.

[0016] Furthermore, the fracture compression screw is a reverse tension support screw, which includes a central axis connecting rod, an axial through hole for a positioning guide pin to pass through is provided inside the central axis connecting rod, the central axis connecting rod includes a main rod portion, both ends of the main rod portion are provided with a first threaded section and a second threaded section, a compression nut for fixing the anterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau trauma is connected to the first threaded section, a compression nut for fixing the posterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau trauma is connected to the second threaded section, and a first instrument driving portion is provided on the outside of the first threaded section on the main rod portion.

[0017] Furthermore, a second instrument driving part is provided on the main body rod outside the second threaded section;

[0018] And / or, the outer diameter of the main body rod is greater than the outer diameters of the first thread segment and the second thread segment.

[0019] Furthermore, the pressure nut includes a first main body and a first end cap located at one end of the first main body, the first main body is provided with a first threaded hole matching with the first threaded section, and the first end cap is provided with a first instrument driving hole connected with the first threaded hole.

[0020] Furthermore, the pressure nut includes a second main body and a second end cap located at one end of the second main body, the second main body is provided with a second threaded hole matching with the second threaded section, and the second end cap is provided with a second instrument driving hole connected with the second threaded hole.

[0021] Furthermore, the first main body portion of the pressure nut and the main rod portion of the central axis connecting rod are both cylindrical and have the same outer diameter;

[0022] And / or, the second main body portion of the pressure nut and the main rod portion of the central axis connecting rod are both cylindrical and have the same outer diameter.

[0023] Furthermore, the first instrument drive hole and the second instrument drive hole are both internal hexagonal holes, and the tibial plateau fracture external fixation system also includes an external hexagonal screwdriver, the external hexagonal screwdriver includes a first rod body, a first handle is provided at the rear of the first rod body, and an external hexagonal screwdriver head is provided at the front end of the first rod body to match the first instrument drive hole and the second instrument drive hole, and an axial through hole is provided inside the external hexagonal screwdriver for the positioning guide pin to pass through.

[0024] Furthermore, the first instrument driving part and the second instrument driving part are both hexagonal columns, and the tibial plateau fracture external fixation system also includes an internal hexagonal screwdriver, the internal hexagonal screwdriver includes a second rod body, the rear part of the second rod body is provided with a second handle, the front end of the second rod body is provided with a screwdriver head with an internal hexagonal hole that cooperates with the first instrument driving part and the second instrument driving part, and the interior of the internal hexagonal screwdriver is provided with an axial through hole for the positioning guide pin to pass through.

[0025] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The utility model discloses an external fixator and system for tibial plateau fractures, wherein the external fixator comprises, from bottom to top, a first arc-shaped arm, a second arc-shaped arm and a bolt connection seat, wherein the internal thread of the bolt connection seat is connected with a positioning and pressurizing bolt, and the external fixator is suitable for posterolateral fractures of the tibial plateau, and is suitable for situations where there is only one surgical incision via an anterolateral approach, wherein such a design enables the end of the first arc-shaped arm to avoid soft tissue and reach the rear side of the tibial plateau, thereby facilitating minimally invasive treatment and having a locking and pressurizing function; the upper end of the first arc-shaped arm is hinged to the lower end of the second arc-shaped arm, and the upper end of the second arc-shaped arm is hinged to the bolt connection seat, and threaded locking pins are provided at the hinge axes of the first arc-shaped arm and the second arc-shaped arm, and at the hinge axes of the second arc-shaped arm and the bolt connection seat, so that the external fixator can be adjusted at the two hinges through the threaded locking pins. It can adapt to the size of the tibial plateau and is easy to use; a positioning column is provided on the inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm to cooperate with the instrument driving hole at the distal end of the fracture compression screw, a positioning hole for the positioning guide pin to pass through is provided on the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm and the positioning column, and an axial through hole for the positioning guide pin to pass through is provided on the positioning compression bolt, so that it is convenient to insert the positioning guide pin, which is beneficial to guiding and installing the fracture compression screw; the inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm is used to abut against the posterolateral side of the tibial plateau injury, and the positioning compression bolt includes a threaded rod inserted on the bolt connecting seat, and the front end of the threaded rod is used as a bone squeezing part abutting against the anterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau injury, and the rear end of the threaded rod is provided with a driving knob, and adjusting the driving knob can make the bone squeezing part of the positioning compression bolt squeeze the tibial plateau injury to reduce the fracture site, and the reduction effect is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of one direction of the tibial plateau fracture external fixator of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tibial plateau fracture external fixator of the utility model in another direction;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fracture compression screw in the tibial plateau fracture external fixation system of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle pressure nut, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is an AA sectional view of (a), and (c) is a right view of (a);

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle-axle connecting rod, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is an AA sectional view of (a), and (c) is a right view of (a);

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle pressure nut, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is an AA sectional view of (a), and (c) is a left view of (a);

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the internal and external hexagonal screwdriver in the tibial plateau fracture external fixation system of the utility model, wherein (a) is a stereoscopic view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a sectional view taken along the AA line of (b);

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the internal hexagonal screwdriver in the tibial plateau fracture external fixation system of the present invention, wherein (a) is a stereoscopic view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a sectional view taken along the AA line of (b);

[0035] 9A to 9E For the benefit of Figure 1 The external fixator shown will Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the intraoperative use of a fracture compression screw fixed to the tibial plateau trauma site. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems to be solved, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0038] On the one hand, the utility model provides a tibial plateau fracture external fixator 1, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes, from bottom to top, a first arc-shaped arm 11, a second arc-shaped arm 12 and a bolt connection seat 13, wherein:

[0039] The inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm 11 is used to abut against the posterior and lateral side of the wound of the tibial plateau 6 and is provided with a positioning column 111 (specifically, it can be an outer hexagonal structure) for cooperating with the instrument drive hole (i.e., the subsequent second instrument drive hole 334) at the distal end of the fracture compression screw 3. The lower end of the first arc-shaped arm 11 and the positioning column 111 are provided with a positioning hole 112 for the positioning guide pin 2 to pass through;

[0040] The upper end of the first arc-shaped arm 11 is hinged to the lower end of the second arc-shaped arm 12, and the upper end of the second arc-shaped arm 12 is hinged to the bolt connection seat 13. The hinge axes of the first arc-shaped arm 11 and the second arc-shaped arm 12, and the hinge axes of the second arc-shaped arm 12 and the bolt connection seat 13 are all provided with threaded locking pins;

[0041] The bolt connection seat 13 is internally threadedly connected to a positioning pressure bolt 14, and the positioning pressure bolt 14 is provided with an axial through hole 141 for the positioning guide pin 2 to pass through. The positioning pressure bolt 14 includes a threaded rod 142 that passes through the bolt connection seat 13, and the front end of the threaded rod 142 is used as a bone compression portion that abuts against the anterior and lateral side of the traumatic part of the tibial plateau 6, and the rear end of the threaded rod 142 is provided with a driving knob 143 (specifically, it can be a knurled outer cylinder to increase the friction when holding).

[0042] When using, refer to 9A to 9E First, adjust and lock the lower hinge of the tibial plateau fracture external fixator 1 of the utility model (that is, the hinge of the first arc arm 11 and the second arc arm 12) to make the external fixator 1 adapt to the size of the tibial plateau 6, and then adjust and lock the upper hinge of the external fixator 1 (that is, the hinge of the second arc arm 12 and the bolt connection seat 13) to make the axial through hole 141 on the positioning pressure bolt 14 and the lower end of the first arc arm 11 and the positioning hole 112 on the positioning column 111 in the same straight line, and then extend the external fixator 1 into the patient's body through the anterolateral approach of the prior art, so that the inner side of the lower end of the first arc arm 11 abuts against the tibia. The bone compression portion of the threaded rod 142 of the positioning pressure bolt 14 is aligned with the anterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau 6, and then the positioning pressure bolt 14 is rotated to continuously apply pressure to the fracture line M of the tibial plateau 6. After the fracture site is reduced, the positioning guide pin 2 is implanted, and the positioning guide pin 2 is passed through the axial through hole 141 on the positioning pressure bolt 14, and the positioning hole 112 on the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm 11 and the positioning column 111 in sequence. Then, with the help of the external fixator 1 and the positioning guide pin 2, the fracture pressure screw 3 is implanted in a conventional surgical manner to internally fix the tibial plateau 6, and finally the external fixator 1 and the positioning guide pin 2 are removed.

[0043] The tibial plateau fracture external fixator of the utility model comprises, from bottom to top, a first arc-shaped arm, a second arc-shaped arm and a bolt connection seat, wherein the inner thread of the bolt connection seat is connected with a positioning and pressurizing bolt, and the external fixator is suitable for posterolateral fractures of the tibial plateau, and is suitable for the situation where there is only one surgical incision through the anterolateral approach, such a design enables the end of the first arc-shaped arm to avoid soft tissue and reach the rear side of the tibial plateau, which is convenient for minimally invasive treatment and has a locking and pressurizing function; the upper end of the first arc-shaped arm is hinged to the lower end of the second arc-shaped arm, and the upper end of the second arc-shaped arm is hinged to the bolt connection seat, and the hinge axes of the first arc-shaped arm and the second arc-shaped arm, as well as the hinge axes of the second arc-shaped arm and the bolt connection seat are all provided with threaded locking pins, and the two hinges can be adjusted by the threaded locking pins to make the external fixator adapt to the tibia. The platform is large and easy to use; a positioning column is provided on the inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm to cooperate with the instrument driving hole at the distal end of the fracture compression screw; a positioning hole for a positioning guide pin to pass through is provided on the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm and the positioning column; an axial through hole for a positioning guide pin to pass through is provided on the positioning compression bolt, so that it is convenient to insert the positioning guide pin, which is beneficial to guiding and installing the fracture compression screw; the inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm is used to abut against the posterolateral side of the tibial plateau trauma, the positioning compression bolt includes a threaded rod inserted on the bolt connecting seat, the front end of the threaded rod is used as a bone squeezing part abutting against the anterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau trauma, and the rear end of the threaded rod is provided with a driving knob, and adjusting the driving knob can make the bone squeezing part of the positioning compression bolt squeeze the tibial plateau trauma to reposition the fracture site, and the repositioning effect is good.

[0044] After obtaining a flat joint surface alignment through a conventional anterolateral approach, the utility model provides a stable support structure for the posterior bone and can be used together with the existing lateral bone plate to complete the surgical fixation of the complex tibial plateau, thereby achieving the purpose of stable fixation and obtaining a good recovery effect. It can even be used in conjunction with an arthroscopy to perform minimally invasive treatment of posterolateral tibial plateau fractures and reduce surgical trauma.

[0045] like Figure 1-2 As shown, at the hinge of the first arc arm 11 and the second arc arm 12, one of them can be U-shaped, and the other can be T-shaped to match the U-shape, so the connection is firm and easy to use; at the hinge of the second arc arm 12 and the bolt connection seat 13, one of them can be U-shaped, and the other can be T-shaped to match the U-shape, so the connection is firm and easy to use; the first arc arm 11 and the second arc arm 12 can be asymmetric structures to better adapt to the shape of the tibial plateau 6 and are easy to use, and the first arc arm 11 can be designed with a large arc angle to effectively avoid the soft tissue in the tibial plateau fracture surgery and safely reach the posterior side of the tibial plateau 6 for the operation; the end of the threaded locking pin can be provided with a driving knob 15, and the driving knob 15 can specifically be hexagonal.

[0046] On the other hand, the utility model provides a tibial plateau fracture external fixation system, including a fracture compression screw 3 and the above-mentioned tibial plateau fracture external fixator 1. Since the structure of the tibial plateau fracture external fixator 1 is the same as that described above, it will not be described here in detail.

[0047] The utility model discloses an external fixation system for tibial plateau fracture, comprising a fracture compression screw and an external fixator for tibial plateau fracture, wherein the external fixator comprises, from bottom to top, a first arc-shaped arm, a second arc-shaped arm and a bolt connection seat, wherein the inner thread of the bolt connection seat is connected with a positioning compression bolt, and the external fixator is suitable for posterolateral fracture of the tibial plateau, and is suitable for the situation where there is only one surgical incision through the anterolateral approach, such a design enables the end of the first arc-shaped arm to avoid soft tissue and reach the rear side of the tibial plateau, so as to realize minimally invasive treatment and have a locking and compression function; the upper end of the first arc-shaped arm is hinged to the lower end of the second arc-shaped arm, and the upper end of the second arc-shaped arm is hinged to the bolt connection seat, and threaded locking pins are provided at the hinge axes of the first arc-shaped arm and the second arc-shaped arm, and at the hinge axes of the second arc-shaped arm and the bolt connection seat, and the threaded locking pins can be used to adjust the threaded locking pins. The two hinges enable the external fixator to adapt to the size of the tibial plateau and is easy to use; a positioning column is provided on the inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm for cooperating with the instrument driving hole at the distal end of the fracture compression screw, a positioning hole for the positioning guide pin to pass through is provided on the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm and the positioning column, and an axial through hole for the positioning guide pin to pass through is provided on the positioning compression bolt, which is convenient for inserting the positioning guide pin and is conducive to guiding and installing the fracture compression screw; the inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm is used to abut against the posterolateral side of the tibial plateau trauma, the positioning compression bolt includes a threaded rod inserted on the bolt connecting seat, the front end of the threaded rod is used as a bone squeezing part abutting against the anterior and outer side of the tibial plateau trauma, and the rear end of the threaded rod is provided with a driving knob, and adjusting the driving knob can make the bone squeezing part of the positioning compression bolt squeeze the tibial plateau trauma to reposition the fracture site, and the repositioning effect is good.

[0048] The fracture compression screw 3 can be various structural forms that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art, such as a combined cancellous bone double-headed threaded compression screw disclosed in utility model patent CN207152642U. However, in order to better achieve minimally invasive treatment, it is preferred that Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the fracture compression screw 3 is a reverse tension support screw, which includes a central axis connecting rod 31. The interior of the central axis connecting rod 31 is provided with an axial through hole 311 for the positioning guide pin 2 to pass through. The central axis connecting rod 31 includes a main rod portion 312. The two ends of the main rod portion 312 are respectively provided with a first threaded segment 313 and a second threaded segment 314. The first threaded segment 313 is connected to a compression nut 32 for fixing the anterior and lateral side of the trauma site of the tibial plateau 6. The second threaded segment 314 is connected to a compression nut 33 for fixing the posterior and lateral side of the trauma site of the tibial plateau 6. The main rod portion 312 is provided with a first instrument driving portion 315 (such as an external hexagonal) on the outside of the first threaded segment 313.

[0049] When in use, in the anterolateral approach surgery, firstly, a screw channel is established at the trauma site of the tibial plateau 6 according to the existing technology, and then the pressure nut 33 is placed on the posterolateral side of the trauma site of the tibial plateau 6 through the instrument, and extends into the screw channel. At the same time, the central axis connecting rod 31 is implanted into the screw channel from the front, and the first instrument driving part 315 on the main rod part 312 of the central axis connecting rod 31 is driven by the surgical instrument, so that the second threaded section 314 of the central axis connecting rod 31 is threadedly connected with the pressure nut 33. After the second threaded section 314 is firmly connected with the pressure nut 33, the pressure nut 32 is placed on the anterolateral side of the trauma site of the tibial plateau 6 and extends into the screw channel. The pressure nut 32 is driven by the surgical instrument, so that the pressure nut 32 is threadedly connected with the first threaded section 313 of the central axis connecting rod 31, and the appropriate force is adjusted to adjust the trauma site of the tibial plateau so that the fracture site reaches the ideal healing degree.

[0050] The utility model patent CN207152642U discloses a combined cancellous bone double-head threaded compression screw, whose screw sleeve and screw are both long in size and need to be implanted bilaterally, resulting in a large surgical opening and inability to achieve minimally invasive treatment. The fracture compression screw 3 in the utility model is a reverse tension support screw, which can be suitable for situations where there is only one surgical incision in an anterolateral approach surgery, and the reverse tension support screw is a split three-part design, each part of which is relatively small in size, so that a larger surgical opening is not required, and minimally invasive treatment can be better achieved; and the pressure nut 32 and the pressure nut 33 can be effectively fixed on the front and rear sides of the trauma of the tibial plateau 6, and the trauma of the tibial plateau 6 can be firmly fixed after the reverse tension is tightened, and the fixation / support effect is good.

[0051] A second instrument driving portion 316 (such as an external hexagonal) can be provided on the outer side of the second threaded segment 314 on the main rod portion 312 of the central axis connecting rod 31 to ensure that the central axis connecting rod 31 can still be used during reverse implantation; the outer diameter of the main rod portion 312 can be larger than the outer diameters of the first threaded segment 313 and the second threaded segment 314 to improve the overall strength of the central axis connecting rod 31.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, the pressure nut 32 may include a first main body portion 321 and a first end cap 322 (specifically, it may be cylindrical) located at one end of the first main body portion 321, the first main body portion 321 is provided with a first threaded hole 323 that matches the first threaded segment 313, and the first end cap 322 is provided with a first instrument driving hole 324 (such as an inner hexagonal hole) that is connected to the first threaded hole 323, so that the pressure nut 32 can be threadedly connected to the first threaded segment 313 by driving the first instrument driving hole 324, and the first instrument driving hole 324 is connected to the first threaded hole 323, and does not affect the passage of the positioning guide needle 2.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, the pressurizing nut 33 may include a second main body portion 331 and a second end cap 332 (specifically, it may be cylindrical) located at one end of the second main body portion 331, the second main body portion 331 is provided with a second threaded hole 333 that matches the second threaded segment 314, and the second end cap 332 is provided with a second instrument driving hole 334 (such as an inner hexagonal hole) that is connected to the second threaded hole 333, so that the pressurizing nut 33 can be threadedly connected to the second threaded segment 314 by driving the second instrument driving hole 334, and the second instrument driving hole 334 is connected to the second threaded segment 314, and does not affect the passage of the positioning guide needle 2.

[0054] The first main body portion 331 of the pressure nut 33 and the main rod portion 312 of the central axis connecting rod 31 can both be cylindrical and have the same outer diameter; the second main body portion 321 of the pressure nut 32 and the main rod portion 312 of the central axis connecting rod 31 can both be cylindrical and have the same outer diameter. The cylindrical shape and the same outer diameter minimize the impact on the patient's bones during threaded connection.

[0055] In order to solve the problem of posterolateral tibial plateau fracture, including: the anatomical structure around the tibial plateau is complex, and a good exposure field of view is often not achieved during surgery, which can easily cause damage to important blood vessels, nerves or soft tissues, and even endanger limb life; at the same time, some patients in the prior art have osteoporosis, which causes the screws to loosen inside the bones and cannot be completely fixed, making the screws unstable or shaking relative to the patient's bones. The utility model provides an internal fixation device with a reverse tension support screw.

[0056] The fracture compression screw 3 in the utility model adopts the reverse tension support screw technology, so that the screw adopts reverse tension to play a positive pushing support role, and can complete the contralateral support surgery in one incision, reducing surgical trauma and difficulty, which is conducive to popularization in primary hospitals. The reverse tension support screw changes the shortcomings of the existing buttress support technology by reverse tension on the opposite side, reduces the limitations of the technology, expands the use space, and the buttress support force on the fracture site is closer to the ideal state, has biomechanical stability, and is not easy to fail.

[0057] In order to more accurately install the reverse tension support screw at the posterolateral fracture of the tibial plateau 6, in addition to the aforementioned tibial plateau fracture external fixator 1, other professional auxiliary instruments and tools may also be considered to complete the relevant surgery, as described below.

[0058] The first instrument drive hole 324 and the second instrument drive hole 334 can both be internal hexagonal holes. In this case, the tibial plateau fracture external fixation system can also include an external hexagonal screwdriver 4, such as Figure 7As shown, the external hexagonal screwdriver 4 includes a first rod body 41 (specifically, it can be a metal outer cylinder), the rear part of the first rod body 41 is provided with a first handle 42 (specifically, it can be made of phenolic cloth rod material), the front end of the first rod body 41 is provided with an external hexagonal screwdriver head 43 that matches the first instrument driving hole 324 and the second instrument driving hole 334, and the interior of the external hexagonal screwdriver 4 is provided with an axial through hole 44 for the positioning guide pin 2 to pass through.

[0059] The first instrument drive part 315 and the second instrument drive part 316 can both be hexagonal columns. In this case, the tibial plateau fracture external fixation system can also include an internal hexagonal screwdriver 5, such as Figure 8 As shown, the hexagonal screwdriver 5 includes a second rod body 51 (specifically, it can be a metal outer cylinder), the rear part of the second rod body 51 is provided with a second handle 52 (specifically, it can be made of phenolic cloth rod material), the front end of the second rod body 51 is provided with a screwdriver head 53 with an internal hexagonal hole that cooperates with the first instrument driving part 315 and the second instrument driving part 316, and the interior of the hexagonal screwdriver 5 is provided with an axial through hole 54 for the positioning guide pin 2 to pass through.

[0060] In summary, if 9A to 9E As shown, the specific surgical procedure of the tibial plateau fracture external fixation system of the present invention can be referred to as follows:

[0061] 1) First, if Fig.9A As shown, as mentioned above, in the anterolateral approach surgery, the external fixator 1 is extended into the patient's body, so that the inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm 11 is against the posterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau 6, and the bone compression part of the front end of the threaded rod 142 of the positioning and pressurizing bolt 14 is aligned with the anterolateral side of the tibial plateau 6, and then the positioning and pressurizing bolt 14 is rotated to continuously pressurize the fracture line M of the tibial plateau 6. After the fracture site is reduced, the positioning guide pin 2 is implanted, and the positioning guide pin 2 is sequentially passed through the axial through hole 141 on the positioning and pressurizing bolt 14, and the positioning hole 112 on the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm 11 and the positioning column 111, and the positioning guide pin 2 plays a role in positioning;

[0062] 2) Then, if Fig. 9B As shown, after the screw channel is established at the wound site of the tibial plateau 6, the compression nut 33 of the fracture compression screw 3 is placed on the positioning column 111 of the external fixator 1, and the compression nut 33 is placed on the posterior and lateral side of the wound site of the tibial plateau 6 through the external fixator 1 to extend into the screw channel, and at the same time, the central axis connecting rod 31 is implanted into the screw channel from the front, and the first instrument driving part 315 on the main rod part 312 of the central axis connecting rod 31 is driven by the internal hexagonal screwdriver 5, so that the second threaded section 314 of the central axis connecting rod 31 is threadedly connected with the compression nut 33 and locked;

[0063] 3) Afterwards, if Figure 9C-9DAs shown, after the second threaded section 314 of the central axis connecting rod 31 is firmly connected with the pressure nut 33, the threaded locking pin on the external fixator 1 is loosened, and the pressure nut 32 of the fracture pressure screw 3 is placed on the anterior and lateral side of the wound of the tibial plateau 6 by using the external hexagonal screwdriver 4 to extend into the screw channel, and the pressure nut 32 is driven to make the pressure nut 32 and the first threaded section 313 of the central axis connecting rod 31 be threadedly connected, and the appropriate force is adjusted to adjust the wound of the tibial plateau so that the fracture reaches an ideal healing degree;

[0064] 4) Finally, the external fixator 1 is removed and the reverse tension support screw is installed at the tibial plateau 6 trauma site. Fig.9E shown.

[0065] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tibial plateau fracture external fixator, characterized in that: From bottom to top, it includes a first arc-shaped arm, a second arc-shaped arm and a bolt connection seat, wherein: The inner side of the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm is used to abut against the posterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau injury and is provided with a positioning column for cooperating with the instrument drive hole at the distal end of the fracture compression screw, and the lower end of the first arc-shaped arm and the positioning column are provided with a positioning hole for the positioning guide pin to pass through; The upper end of the first arc-shaped arm is hinged to the lower end of the second arc-shaped arm, the upper end of the second arc-shaped arm is hinged to the bolt connection seat, and the hinge axes of the first arc-shaped arm and the second arc-shaped arm, and the hinge axes of the second arc-shaped arm and the bolt connection seat are all provided with threaded locking pins; A positioning pressure bolt is threadedly connected to the bolt connection seat, and an axial through hole is provided on the positioning pressure bolt for the positioning guide pin to pass through. The positioning pressure bolt includes a threaded rod passing through the bolt connection seat, and the front end of the threaded rod is used as a bone compression portion against the anterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau injury, and the rear end of the threaded rod is provided with a driving knob.

2. The tibial plateau fracture external fixator according to claim 1, characterized in that: At the hinged part between the first arc-shaped arm and the second arc-shaped arm, one is U-shaped and the other is T-shaped matching the U-shape; And / or, one of the hinges between the second arc-shaped arm and the bolt connection seat is U-shaped, and the other is T-shaped matching the U-shape; And / or, the first arc-shaped arm and the second arc-shaped arm are asymmetric structures; And / or, a driving knob is provided at the end of the threaded locking pin.

3. A tibial plateau fracture external fixation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fracture compression screw and the tibial plateau fracture external fixator according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The tibial plateau fracture external fixation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fracture compression screw is a reverse tension support screw, which includes a central axis connecting rod, an axial through hole for a positioning guide pin to pass through is provided inside the central axis connecting rod, and the central axis connecting rod includes a main rod portion, and a first threaded section and a second threaded section are provided at both ends of the main rod portion, a compression nut for fixing the anterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau trauma is connected to the first threaded section, and a compression nut for fixing the posterior and lateral side of the tibial plateau trauma is connected to the second threaded section, and a first instrument driving section is provided on the outside of the first threaded section on the main rod portion.

5. The tibial plateau fracture external fixation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second instrument driving part is provided on the main body rod outside the second threaded section; And / or, the outer diameter of the main body rod is greater than the outer diameters of the first thread segment and the second thread segment.

6. The tibial plateau fracture external fixation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure nut includes a first main body and a first end cap located at one end of the first main body, the first main body is provided with a first threaded hole matching with the first threaded section, and the first end cap is provided with a first instrument driving hole connected with the first threaded hole.

7. The tibial plateau fracture external fixation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressurizing nut includes a second main body and a second end cap located at one end of the second main body, the second main body is provided with a second threaded hole matching with the second threaded section, and the second end cap is provided with a second instrument driving hole connected with the second threaded hole.

8. The tibial plateau fracture external fixation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first main body portion of the pressure nut and the main body rod portion of the central axis connecting rod are both cylindrical and have the same outer diameter; And / or, the second main body portion of the pressure nut and the main rod portion of the central axis connecting rod are both cylindrical and have the same outer diameter.

9. The tibial plateau fracture external fixation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first instrument drive hole and the second instrument drive hole are both internal hexagonal holes. The tibial plateau fracture external fixation system also includes an external hexagonal screwdriver. The external hexagonal screwdriver includes a first rod body, a first handle is provided at the rear of the first rod body, and an external hexagonal screwdriver head is provided at the front end of the first rod body to match the first instrument drive hole and the second instrument drive hole. The internal part of the external hexagonal screwdriver is provided with an axial through hole for the positioning guide pin to pass through.

10. The tibial plateau fracture external fixation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first instrument drive part and the second instrument drive part are both hexagonal columns. The tibial plateau fracture external fixation system also includes an internal hexagonal screwdriver. The internal hexagonal screwdriver includes a second rod body. The rear part of the second rod body is provided with a second handle. The front end of the second rod body is provided with a screwdriver head with an internal hexagonal hole that cooperates with the first instrument drive part and the second instrument drive part. The interior of the internal hexagonal screwdriver is provided with an axial through hole for the positioning guide pin to pass through.

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