Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic module, relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and aims to solve the problems that the photovoltaic module has large visual difference and is low in aesthetic degree. The photovoltaic module comprises a cover plate, a battery piece and a packaging plate which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom. And a passivation layer is arranged on the surface of the battery piece towards one side of the cover plate. The refractive index of the passivation layer is greater than or equal to 1.9 and less than or equal to 2.3. The thickness of the passivation layer is greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than or equal to 100 nm. The cover plate is provided with an anti-reflection layer, and the anti-reflection layer is located on the side, away from the battery piece, of the cover plate. The thickness of the anti-reflection layer is larger than or equal to 100 nm and smaller than or equal to 230 nm. The refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is larger than or equal to 1.1 and smaller than or equal to 1.4.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, in particular to a photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules usually include laminates, junction boxes and frames. The laminates usually include a cover plate, a battery layer and a back plate stacked in sequence from top to bottom.

[0003] In the prior art, the side of the cell layer facing the cover plate usually has a passivation layer. Due to the presence of the passivation layer, the cell generally appears blue or dark blue. At this time, the photovoltaic module made using the above cell has a large visual difference and low aesthetics. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a photovoltaic module, which is used to make the photovoltaic module present a more uniform color visually, so as to reduce the visual difference of the photovoltaic module and improve the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module includes a cover plate, a battery cell and a packaging plate stacked in sequence from top to bottom. On the side facing the cover plate, the surface of the battery cell has a passivation layer. The refractive index of the passivation layer is greater than or equal to 1.9 and less than or equal to 2.3. The thickness of the passivation layer is greater than or equal to 50nm and less than or equal to 100nm. An anti-reflection layer is provided on the cover plate, and the anti-reflection layer is located on the side of the cover plate away from the battery cell. The thickness of the anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 100nm and less than or equal to 230nm. The refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.4.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, in the photovoltaic module provided by the utility model, when the photovoltaic module is made by using the passivation layer and the anti-reflection layer that meet the above-mentioned limitations, the combined effect of the passivation layer and the anti-reflection layer makes the photovoltaic module visually present a more uniform dark blue or black color, which reduces the visual difference compared to the photovoltaic module in the prior art and improves the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, since the thickness and refractive index of the passivation layer, as well as the thickness and refractive index of the anti-reflection layer are within a certain range of values, they are not a single absolute value. Therefore, the values ​​of the above four limiting conditions can be selected according to actual conditions. At this time, the photovoltaic module can be adapted to different application scenarios to expand its scope of application and facilitate promotion. In addition, the use of the anti-reflection layer of the above thickness can improve the weather resistance of the cover plate.

[0007] In one implementation, the refractive index of the passivation layer is greater than or equal to 2.0 and less than or equal to 2.2; the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.3.

[0008] In one implementation, the anti-reflection layer is a stacked structure including at least two layers.

[0009] In one implementation, the anti-reflection layer includes a first anti-reflection layer and a second anti-reflection layer stacked in sequence, and the second anti-reflection layer is located between the cover plate and the first anti-reflection layer.

[0010] When the above technical solution is adopted, the second anti-reflection layer can not only reduce the flatness of the cover plate surface and reduce the inconsistency of light reflection direction, but also reduce the color difference of the cover plate. Furthermore, the first anti-reflection layer can make the color difference of the cover plate tend to zero by using its refractive index, so as to reduce or eliminate the color difference after the cover plate and the cell are combined, and at the same time improve the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module.

[0011] In one implementation, the thickness of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than the thickness of the second anti-reflection layer.

[0012] In one implementation, the thickness of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 80 nm and less than or equal to 150 nm; the thickness of the second anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than or equal to 100 nm.

[0013] In one implementation, the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer is smaller than the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer.

[0014] When the above technical solution is adopted, the weather resistance of the cover plate can be guaranteed, and the optimized value of the coating matching can be obtained. In addition, the superposition thickness of the first anti-reflection layer and the second anti-reflection layer is relatively thick, which can further improve the weather resistance of the cover plate. In addition, the interference destructiveness of the first anti-reflection layer and the second anti-reflection layer can improve the transmittance and achieve broadband anti-reflection.

[0015] In one implementation, the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.3 and less than or equal to 1.5.

[0016] In one implementation, the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.3; the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.4 and less than or equal to 1.5.

[0017] In one implementation, the porosity of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than that of the second anti-reflection layer. At this time, the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer can be ensured to be less than that of the second anti-reflection layer, so as to ensure the weather resistance of the cover plate and obtain the optimal value of the coating matching.

[0018] In one implementation, the porosity of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 35% and less than or equal to 60%. In this case, the optical performance of the first anti-reflection layer can be ensured.

[0019] In one implementation, the porosity of the second anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 30%. In this case, the weather resistance of the cover plate can be further improved.

[0020] In one implementation, the light transmittance of the laminate formed by the cover plate and the anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 90%, which is more conducive to the light irradiation on the cell, thereby improving the utilization rate of visible light by the cell and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0021] In one implementation, the passivation layer includes a first passivation layer and a second passivation layer that are stacked, and the first passivation layer is located between the cover plate and the second passivation layer.

[0022] When the above technical solution is adopted, using two film layers to control the color of the battery cell is more convenient, easier to implement, and reduces the difficulty compared to using one film layer to control.

[0023] In one implementation, one of the first passivation layer and the second passivation layer is an aluminum oxide passivation layer, and the other is a silicon nitride passivation layer. The thickness of the aluminum oxide passivation layer is greater than or equal to 5 nm and less than or equal to 10 nm; the refractive index of the aluminum oxide passivation layer is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.8. The thickness of the silicon nitride passivation layer is greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm; the refractive index of the silicon nitride passivation layer is greater than or equal to 1.8 and less than or equal to 2.2.

[0024] In one implementation, the first passivation layer is an aluminum oxide passivation layer, and the second passivation layer is a silicon nitride passivation layer.

[0025] In one implementation, the anti-reflection layer includes at least one of a silicon nitride anti-reflection layer, a silicon oxide anti-reflection layer, and a titanium oxide anti-reflection layer.

[0026] In one implementation, the cell is a back-contact cell.

[0027] In one implementation, the photovoltaic module further includes: a first adhesive film layer and a second adhesive film layer. The first adhesive film layer is located between the cover plate and the battery cell, and the second adhesive film layer is located between the battery cell and the packaging plate. The first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer are used to wrap the battery cell.

[0028] In one implementation, the package board is a black organic package board or a black glazed package board, and / or the photovoltaic module is a full black photovoltaic module.

[0029] When the above technical solution is adopted, the front appearance of the photovoltaic module can be made completely black. At this time, the photovoltaic module presents a uniform color visually, which reduces the visual difference of the photovoltaic module and improves the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the completely black photovoltaic module improves the utilization rate of visible light, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the battery cell and the passivation layer in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the cover plate and the anti-reflection layer in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the relationship among incident light, cover plate and anti-reflection layer in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0035] Reference numerals:

[0036] 1-cover, 2-cell, 20-passivation layer,

[0037] 200-first passivation layer, 201-second passivation layer, 3-packaging board,

[0038] 4-anti-reflection layer, 40-first anti-reflection layer, 41-second anti-reflection layer,

[0039] 5-first adhesive film layer, 6-second adhesive film layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0042] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. The meaning of "several" is one or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0044] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the utility model provides a photovoltaic module. Figures 1 to 3, the photovoltaic module comprises a cover plate 1, a cell 2 and an encapsulation plate 3 which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom. On the side facing the cover plate 1, the surface of the cell 2 has a passivation layer 20. The refractive index of the passivation layer 20 is greater than or equal to 1.9 and less than or equal to 2.3. For example, the refractive index of the passivation layer 20 may be 1.9, 1.93, 1.95, 1.98, 2.0, 2.05, 2.08, 2.1, 2.13, 2.16, 2.19, 2.2, 2.23, 2.25, 2.28 or 2.3, etc. Preferably, the refractive index of the passivation layer 20 is greater than or equal to 2.0 and less than or equal to 2.2. For example, the refractive index of the passivation layer 20 may be 2.0, 2.05, 2.08, 2.1, 2.13, 2.16, 2.19 or 2.2, etc. The thickness D1 of the passivation layer 20 is greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than or equal to 100 nm. For example, the thickness D1 of the passivation layer 20 may be 50 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 92 nm or 100 nm, etc. An anti-reflection layer 4 is provided on the cover plate 1, and the anti-reflection layer 4 is located on the side of the cover plate 1 away from the battery cell 2. The thickness D2 of the anti-reflection layer 4 is greater than or equal to 100 nm and less than or equal to 230 nm. For example, the thickness D2 of the anti-reflection layer 4 may be 100 nm, 120 nm, 150 nm, 180 nm, 195 nm, 200 nm or 230 nm, etc. The refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 4 is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.4. For example, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 4 may be 1.1, 1.12, 1.15, 1.18, 1.2, 1.21, 1.23, 1.25, 1.28, 1.3, 1.32, 1.36, 1.38 or 1.4, etc. Preferably, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 4 is greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.3. For example, the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 4 may be 1.2, 1.21, 1.23, 1.25, 1.28 or 1.3, etc. It should be understood that the thickness direction of the passivation layer 20 and the thickness direction of the anti-reflection layer 4 are consistent with the direction from the cover plate 1 to the packaging plate 3.

[0045] See also Figures 1 to 3In the photovoltaic module (preferably a back contact photovoltaic module) provided by the embodiment of the utility model, when the photovoltaic module is made by using the passivation layer 20 and the anti-reflection layer 4 that meet the above-mentioned limitations, under the combined effect of the passivation layer 20 and the anti-reflection layer 4, the photovoltaic module visually presents a relatively uniform dark blue or black color, which reduces the visual difference compared to the photovoltaic module in the prior art and improves the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, since the thickness and refractive index of the passivation layer 20, as well as the thickness and refractive index of the anti-reflection layer 4 are all within a certain range of values, they are not a single absolute value. Therefore, the values ​​of the above four limiting conditions can be selected according to actual conditions. At this time, the photovoltaic module can be adapted to different application scenarios to expand its scope of application and facilitate promotion. For example, when the thickness of the passivation layer is 80nm and the refractive index is 2.0, the thickness of the anti-reflection layer needs to be greater than or equal to 120nm and less than or equal to 180nm, and the refractive index needs to be greater than or equal to 1.22 and less than or equal to 1.25, and the appearance of the module presents a uniform blue-black color. However, when the thickness of the passivation layer is 100nm and the refractive index is 2.1, the thickness of the anti-reflection layer needs to be set to be greater than or equal to 150nm and less than or equal to 200nm, and the refractive index is greater than or equal to 1.23 and less than or equal to 1.28, and the appearance of the component presents a uniform blue-black color.

[0046] Furthermore, the anti-reflection layer 4 with the above thickness can improve the weather resistance of the cover plate 1. In addition, the surface of the cell 2 has a passivation layer 20 on the side facing the cover plate 1. That is, the light-receiving surface of the cell 2 is provided with a passivation layer 20, and the passivation layer can passivate the front field, for example, it can include field passivation and interface passivation, so as to protect the front electric field.

[0047] As a possible implementation, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The passivation layer 20 includes a stacked structure of at least two passivation layers, but for cost and manufacturing process considerations, the passivation layer 20 preferably includes a first passivation layer 200 and a second passivation layer 201 that are stacked, and the first passivation layer 200 is located between the cover plate 1 and the second passivation layer 201. Using two film layers to control the color of the battery cell 2 is more convenient, easier to implement, and reduces difficulty compared to using one film layer to control.

[0048] In an optional manner, one of the first passivation layer and the second passivation layer is an aluminum oxide passivation layer, and the other is a silicon nitride passivation layer. The thickness of the aluminum oxide passivation layer is greater than or equal to 5nm, and less than or equal to 10nm. For example, the thickness of the aluminum oxide passivation layer can be 5nm, 6nm, 7nm, 8nm, 9nm or 10nm. The refractive index of the aluminum oxide passivation layer is greater than or equal to 1.5, and less than or equal to 1.8. For example, the refractive index of the aluminum oxide passivation layer can be 1.5, 1.55, 1.6, 1.65, 1.7, 1.75 or 1.8. The thickness of the silicon nitride passivation layer is greater than or equal to 50nm, and less than or equal to 80nm. For example, the thickness of the silicon nitride passivation layer can be 50nm, 52nm, 60nm, 66nm, 70nm or 80nm. The refractive index of the silicon nitride passivation layer is greater than or equal to 1.8, and less than or equal to 2.2. For example, the refractive index of the silicon nitride passivation layer may be 1.8, 1.85, 1.9, 1.95, 2.0, 2.05, 2.1, 2.15 or 2.2, etc.

[0049] Preferably, the first passivation layer is an aluminum oxide passivation layer, and the second passivation layer is a silicon nitride passivation layer.

[0050] The anti-reflection layer may be a single layer or at least two layers. Two possible cases are described below as examples. It should be understood that the following description is only for understanding and is not intended to be a specific limitation.

[0051] Example 1: The anti-reflection layer is a single layer, the thickness of the anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 105 nm and less than or equal to 135 nm, and the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.4.

[0052] Example 2: The anti-reflection layer is a laminated structure including at least two layers. However, for cost and manufacturing process considerations, see Figure 3 Preferably, the anti-reflection layer 4 includes a first anti-reflection layer 40 and a second anti-reflection layer 41 stacked in sequence, and the second anti-reflection layer 41 is located between the cover plate 1 and the first anti-reflection layer 40 .

[0053] When the above technical solution is adopted, the second anti-reflection layer 41 can not only reduce the flatness of the surface of the cover plate 1, but also reduce the inconsistency of the light reflection direction. At the same time, the color difference of the cover plate 1 can also be reduced. Furthermore, the first anti-reflection layer 40 can make the color difference of the cover plate 1 tend to zero by using its refractive index, so as to reduce or eliminate the color difference after the cover plate 1 is combined with the battery cell 2, and at the same time, the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module can be improved.

[0054] As a possible implementation manner, the thickness of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than the thickness of the second anti-reflection layer.

[0055] In an optional manner, the thickness of the first anti-reflection layer 40 is greater than or equal to 80 nm and less than or equal to 150 nm. For example, the thickness of the first anti-reflection layer 40 may be 80 nm, 85 nm, 90 nm, 95 nm, 100 nm, 110 nm, 115 nm, 120 nm, 125 nm, 130 nm, 135 nm, 140 nm or 150 nm. Preferably, the thickness of the first anti-reflection layer 40 is greater than or equal to 100 nm and less than or equal to 130 nm. For example, the thickness of the first anti-reflection layer 40 may be 100 nm, 110 nm, 115 nm, 120 nm, 125 nm or 130 nm.

[0056] In an optional manner, the thickness of the second anti-reflection layer 41 is greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than or equal to 100 nm. For example, the thickness of the second anti-reflection layer 41 can be 50 nm, 55 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 72 nm, 76 nm, 80 nm, 85 nm, 90 nm, 95 nm or 100 nm. Preferably, the thickness of the second anti-reflection layer 41 is greater than or equal to 70 nm and less than or equal to 90 nm. For example, the thickness of the second anti-reflection layer 41 can be 70 nm, 72 nm, 76 nm, 80 nm, 85 nm or 90 nm.

[0057] As a possible implementation manner, the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer is smaller than the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer.

[0058] At this time, the weather resistance of the cover plate 1 can be guaranteed, and the optimized value of the coating matching can be obtained. In addition, the superposition thickness of the first anti-reflection layer 40 and the second anti-reflection layer 41 is relatively thick, which can further improve the weather resistance of the cover plate 1. In addition, the interference destructiveness of the first anti-reflection layer 40 and the second anti-reflection layer 41 can improve the transmittance and achieve broadband anti-reflection.

[0059] In an optional manner, the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer 40 is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.3. For example, the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer 40 may be 1.1, 1.15, 1.18, 1.2, 1.21, 1.23, 1.25, 1.28 or 1.3, etc. Preferably, the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer 40 is greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.3. For example, the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer 40 may be 1.2, 1.21, 1.23, 1.25, 1.28 or 1.3, etc. The refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer 41 is greater than or equal to 1.3 and less than or equal to 1.5. For example, the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer 41 may be 1.3, 1.33, 1.36, 1.39, 1.4, 1.42, 1.45, 1.46, 1.48, 1.49 or 1.5, etc. Preferably, the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer 41 is greater than or equal to 1.4 and less than or equal to 1.5. For example, the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer 41 may be 1.4, 1.42, 1.45, 1.46, 1.48, 1.49 or 1.5.

[0060] The refractive index and porosity satisfy the following relationship: p 2 =(n 2 -1)(1-p)+1, where n p represents the refractive index of the porous film, n represents the refractive index of SiO2, n=1.553, and p represents the volume percentage of the holes in the film. As a possible implementation, the porosity of the first anti-reflection layer 40 is greater than the porosity of the second anti-reflection layer 41. At this time, it can be ensured that the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer 40 is less than the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer 41, so as to ensure the weather resistance of the cover plate 1 and obtain the optimized value of the coating matching.

[0061] In an optional manner, the porosity of the first anti-reflection layer 40 is greater than or equal to 35% and less than or equal to 60%. For example, the porosity of the first anti-reflection layer 40 can be 35%, 36%, 40%, 45%, 49%, 50%, 55% or 60%. In this case, the optical performance of the first anti-reflection layer 40 can be ensured. Preferably, the porosity of the first anti-reflection layer 40 is 49%.

[0062] In an optional manner, the porosity of the second anti-reflection layer 41 is greater than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 30%. For example, the porosity of the second anti-reflection layer 41 can be 10%, 12%, 16%, 19%, 20%, 25% or 30%. In this case, the weather resistance of the cover plate 1 can be further improved. Preferably, the porosity of the second anti-reflection layer 41 is 19%.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment, a double or more anti-reflection layer can better adjust the total refractive index and thickness of the anti-reflection layer, so as to facilitate matching the passivation layer on the cell to achieve the best visual effect (i.e., uniform color and no glare). For example, for a double anti-reflection layer, when the thickness of the first anti-reflection layer 40 is 100nm and the refractive index is 1.25, it is necessary to set the thickness of the second anti-reflection layer 41 to be greater than or equal to 80nm and less than or equal to 90nm, and the refractive index to be greater than or equal to 1.42 and less than or equal to 1.46, so that the obtained color uniformity is better.

[0064] As a possible implementation, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the light transmittance of the laminate formed by the cover plate 1 and the anti-reflection layer 4 is greater than or equal to 90%. At this time, it is more conducive to the light irradiation on the battery cell 2, so as to improve the utilization rate of the battery cell 2 for visible light and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Preferably, the light transmittance of the laminate formed by the cover plate 1 and the anti-reflection layer 4 is greater than or equal to 93%.

[0065] As a possible implementation, the anti-reflection layer includes at least one of a silicon nitride anti-reflection layer, a silicon oxide anti-reflection layer, and a titanium oxide anti-reflection layer. Exemplarily, the material of the first anti-reflection layer and the second anti-reflection layer can be at least one of silicon nitride, silicon oxide, or titanium oxide.

[0066] As a possible implementation manner, the anti-reflection layer may be formed on the cover plate by a process such as sputtering.

[0067] In an optional manner, the cover plate may be made of soda glass, and the thickness may be 3.2 mm or 2.0 mm. The refractive index of the cover plate is about 1.5, and the refractive index of air is about 1.0. For example, Figure 4 The figure shows the situation that the incident light (for example, sunlight) passes through the first anti-reflection layer 40, the second anti-reflection layer 41 and the cover plate 1 in sequence, and the light in the cover plate 1 is the transmitted light. Since the refractive index of air is less than the refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer, less than the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer, and less than the refractive index of the cover plate, it can be seen that the refractive index increases from air to the cover plate, so that the refraction angle of the incident light gradually decreases and gradually tends to vertical incidence, and the utilization rate of light increases at this time.

[0068] As a possible implementation method, the cell is a back contact cell, so that there is no grid line and solder strip blocking the front side, and the color is more uniform.

[0069] As a possible implementation, see Figure 1 The photovoltaic module further comprises: a first adhesive film layer 5 and a second adhesive film layer 6. The first adhesive film layer 5 is located between the cover plate 1 and the battery cell 2, and the second adhesive film layer 6 is located between the battery cell 2 and the packaging plate 3. The first adhesive film layer 5 and the second adhesive film layer 6 are used to wrap the battery cell.

[0070] In an optional manner, the first adhesive film layer or the second adhesive film layer may be one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyolefin elastomer (POE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), and ionomer. The first adhesive film layer or the second adhesive film layer may be made of the same material or may not be made of the same material.

[0071] In an optional manner, the first adhesive film layer (or the second adhesive film layer) may be a double-layer adhesive film layer or a triple-layer adhesive film layer. The first adhesive film layer (or the second adhesive film layer) may be an EP structure or an EPE structure.

[0072] The thickness of the first adhesive film layer (or the second adhesive film layer) is greater than or equal to 0.4 mm and less than or equal to 0.6 mm.

[0073] The thickness of the first adhesive film layer (or the second adhesive film layer) is greater than the thickness of the soldering tape to ensure the reliability of lamination.

[0074] In an optional manner, the photovoltaic module forms a battery string structure through multiple welding strips, and the welding strips are only arranged on the backlight surface of the battery cell. The welding strips can be flat welding strips, and their cross-sectional dimensions can be 0.35mm*0.6mm. A bonding layer is arranged on the surface of the flat welding strip, and the bonding layer can be a tin-lead alloy.

[0075] In an optional manner, the length of the above-mentioned battery cell is greater than or equal to 180 mm and less than or equal to 220 mm. For example, the length of the battery cell may be 180 mm, 185 mm, 190 mm, 195 mm, 200 mm, 205 mm, 210 mm, 215 mm or 220 mm, etc. The battery cell is a back contact battery cell, and the thickness is greater than or equal to 100 μm and less than or equal to 180 μm. For example, the thickness of the battery cell may be 100 μm, 110 μm, 120 μm, 130 μm, 140 μm, 150 μm, 160 μm, 170 μm or 180 μm, etc. The front of the back contact battery cell is not blocked by grid lines and welding strips, and it can have a better front appearance, and its color uniformity effect is the best.

[0076] In an optional manner, when the encapsulation board is a transparent board, the photovoltaic module is a double-glass photovoltaic module. When the encapsulation board is a non-transparent board, the photovoltaic module is a single-glass photovoltaic module.

[0077] As a possible implementation, the package board is a black organic package board or a black glazed package board. And / or, the photovoltaic module is a full black photovoltaic module, that is, a full black photovoltaic module.

[0078] At this time, the front appearance of the photovoltaic module can be made completely black, and the photovoltaic module visually presents a uniform color, which reduces the visual difference of the photovoltaic module and improves the aesthetics of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the completely black photovoltaic module improves the utilization rate of visible light, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0079] Exemplarily, the black glaze packaging plate refers to a grid-shaped black glaze layer provided on an inorganic glass plate, wherein the black glaze layer is located between the battery cell and the inorganic glass plate to ensure that the front appearance of the photovoltaic module appears completely black.

[0080] In summary, the embodiment of the utility model complements the visible light bands of different colors with each other, and finally reaches a certain balance state, reducing the color difference between the bands. According to the complementarity of light, the single-layer transmittance curve has a peak and will appear obvious blue. The colorless curve has no obvious peak through the adjustment of the refractive index of the two layers, and no color will be presented. See Table 1 for details.

[0081] Table 1 Visible light wavelengths of different colors and their complementary light

[0082] λ\nm color Complementary light 400～450 purple Yellow Green 450～480 blue yellow 480～490 Green Blue orange 490～500 Blue-green red 500～560 green Red and purple 560～580 Yellow Green purple 580～610 yellow blue 610～650 orange Green Blue 650～760 red Blue-green

[0083] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0084] The above is only a specific implementation of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model, which should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, comprising: The cover plate, the battery cell and the packaging plate are stacked in sequence from top to bottom; characterized in that: The surface of the cell sheet on the side facing the cover plate has a passivation layer; the refractive index of the passivation layer is greater than or equal to 1.9 and less than or equal to 2.3; the thickness of the passivation layer is greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than or equal to 100 nm; An anti-reflection layer is disposed on the cover plate, and the anti-reflection layer is located on a side of the cover plate away from the battery cell; The thickness of the anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 100 nm and less than or equal to 230 nm; the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.

4.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refractive index of the passivation layer is greater than or equal to 2.0 and less than or equal to 2.2; the refractive index of the anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.

3.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-reflection layer is a stacked structure including at least two layers.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-reflection layer comprises a first anti-reflection layer and a second anti-reflection layer stacked in sequence, and the second anti-reflection layer is located between the cover plate and the first anti-reflection layer.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than the thickness of the second anti-reflection layer.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 80 nm and less than or equal to 150 nm; The thickness of the second anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than or equal to 100 nm.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer is smaller than the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 1.3; the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.3 and less than or equal to 1.

5.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The refractive index of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than or equal to 1.3; the refractive index of the second anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 1.4 and less than or equal to 1.

5.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The porosity of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than the porosity of the second anti-reflection layer.

11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The porosity of the first anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 35% and less than or equal to 60%; the porosity of the second anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 30%.

12. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light transmittance of the laminate formed by the cover plate and the anti-reflection layer is greater than or equal to 90%.

13. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The passivation layer includes a first passivation layer and a second passivation layer which are stacked; the first passivation layer is located between the cover plate and the second passivation layer.

14. The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, characterized in that: One of the first passivation layer and the second passivation layer is an aluminum oxide passivation layer, and the other is a silicon nitride passivation layer; The thickness of the aluminum oxide passivation layer is greater than or equal to 5 nm and less than or equal to 10 nm; the refractive index of the aluminum oxide passivation layer is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 1.8; The thickness of the silicon nitride passivation layer is greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than or equal to 80 nm; the refractive index of the silicon nitride passivation layer is greater than or equal to 1.8 and less than or equal to 2.

2.

15. The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, characterized in that: The first passivation layer is an aluminum oxide passivation layer, and the second passivation layer is a silicon nitride passivation layer.

16. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-reflection layer includes at least one of a silicon nitride anti-reflection layer, a silicon oxide anti-reflection layer, and a titanium oxide anti-reflection layer.

17. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell is a back contact battery cell.

18. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module further comprises: A first adhesive film layer, located between the cover plate and the battery cell; A second adhesive film layer is located between the battery cell and the packaging board; The first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer are used to wrap the battery cell.

19. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packaging board is a black organic packaging board or a black glaze-plated packaging board; and / or, The photovoltaic module is a fully black photovoltaic module.

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