Compressible tunnel segment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a compressible tunnel duct piece which comprises a duct piece body and a compression shell, the duct piece body is arc-shaped, the arc-shaped convex surface of the duct piece body is an outer wall surface, and the arc-shaped concave surface of the duct piece body is an inner wall surface; the compression shell is fixed to the outer wall face of the duct piece body. The elastic compression shell is additionally arranged on the outer wall of a conventional tunnel segment, the tunnel segment is suitable for a tunnel in an ultra-deep stratum, the plasticity of the compression segment is kept through the compression shell, stress caused by rock convergence can be restrained, the soil arch effect of a soil body is exerted, self-stabilization is achieved, and the engineering cost can be greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and more specifically to a compressible tunnel segment. Background Art

[0002] The tunnel depth refers to the vertical distance from the top of the tunnel excavation section to the natural ground. According to the initial stress state of the surrounding rock and the deformation and failure mode of the surrounding rock, mountain tunnels can be divided into three categories: shallow tunnels, deep tunnels and ultra-deep tunnels.

[0003] Tunnel excavation usually adopts the shield construction method. During the tunnel drilling process, tunnel segments are used to resist special loads such as soil pressure. The tunnel segments are the inner barrier of the tunnel. Multiple tunnel segments are spliced ​​into a ring shape along the inside of the tunnel, and the cross-sectional shape is the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel, forming the lining structure of the tunnel. As the lining structure of the tunnel, the quality of the tunnel segments is directly related to the overall quality and safety of the tunnel, and affects the waterproof performance and durability of the tunnel.

[0004] A tunnel is considered a deep tunnel when its depth exceeds 500m. During the excavation and construction of a deep tunnel, the tunnel needs to withstand huge rock convergence stress, which requires increasing the thickness of the tunnel lining, that is, the tunnel segment, resulting in excessively high tunnel construction costs.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a compressible tunnel segment so that the tunnel segment has a certain flexibility and the lining formed by multiple tunnel segments has a certain deformation capacity and can suppress the stress caused by the convergence of deep-buried tunnel rocks is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the utility model provides a compressible tunnel segment, in which a compressible elastic layer is pretended on the outside of the tunnel segment, so that a flexible lining is formed inside the tunnel. The outer periphery of the segment can maintain its plasticity, that is, the ability of an object to deform, and can effectively suppress the stress caused by rock convergence, thereby reducing the construction cost of deep buried tunnels.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A compressible tunnel segment comprises a segment body and a compression shell;

[0009] The segment body is arc-shaped, with its arc-shaped convex surface being the outer wall surface and the arc-shaped concave surface being the inner wall surface; the compression shell is fixed on the outer wall surface of the segment body.

[0010] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that a layer of elastic compression shell is added to the outer wall of the conventional tunnel segment, so that multiple segments form a flexible tunnel lining, which has a certain compression deformation capacity and can adapt to the stress caused by rock convergence.

[0011] Preferably, the compression shell is made of clay. The compression shell is made by shaping the clay.

[0012] Preferably, the clay is processed into a plurality of tube shells, the plurality of tube shells are solidified into the compression shell by cement grouting, and the compression shell is bonded to the outer wall surface of the tube segment body by high pressure forging. The tube shell made of the soil of the clay layer is bonded into the compression shell by grouting, and as long as the outer wall of the tube shell maintains the plasticity, the stress caused by the rock convergence can be resisted.

[0013] Preferably, the diameter of the tube shell formed by bonding the plurality of clays is 1 to 2 cm. The small diameter of the tube shell controls its plastic deformation ability within a certain range.

[0014] Preferably, the compression shell is a porous cushion layer and is fastened to the outer wall surface of the tube body by bolts. The compression shell can also adopt a porous cushion layer.

[0015] Preferably, the porous cushion layer comprises a cushion plate, a clamping rod, a fastening rod and a pressing plate;

[0016] The plate surface of the backing plate is provided with a plurality of through holes in a grid shape, and one side of the plate surface is closely fitted with the outer wall surface of the tube segment body; a plurality of clamping rods are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the backing plate, one end of the clamping rod is vertically fixed to the end plate surface of the backing plate, the rod wall is in contact with the side end surface of the tube segment body parallel to the arc direction, and the other end is exposed from the inner wall surface of the tube segment body;

[0017] The fastening rod is arranged perpendicular to the clamping rod, the rod wall of the fastening rod abuts against the inner wall surface of the pipe segment body, and the two ends of the fastening rod are locked with the clamping rod by fastening nuts.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the multiple through holes opened on the pad make the pad have a certain plastic deformation ability, the clamping rod is clamped on both sides of the segment body, one end of the clamping rod is fixed to the pad so that the plate surface of the pad fits the outer wall surface of the segment body, and the other end is locked by a fastening rod arranged vertically therewith. The clamping rod and the fastening rod form a concave shape, the segment body is in the groove, and the pad is at the top of the groove, thereby realizing the fixation of the porous pad layer.

[0019] Preferably, a pressure plate is fixed between the end of the clamping rod away from the pad and the fastening nut, which can prevent the fastening rod from sliding down along the rod wall of the clamping rod due to loosening of the fastening nut, thereby affecting the fixing effect of the porous pad.

[0020] Preferably, there are four clamping rods and two fastening rods.

[0021] Preferably, the through holes on the pad are in the shape of circular holes, square holes, diamond holes or irregular holes.

[0022] Preferably, the porous cushion layer is made of ceramic or concrete. The compression shell needs to have a certain elasticity. When selecting the manufacturing material, it is selected according to the deformation caused by rock convergence, and it needs to be able to maintain high plasticity during the required service life of the facility (100-150 years).

[0023] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a compressible tunnel segment, which is suitable for tunnels in ultra-deep strata. In order to resist soil pressure, the conventional tunnel structure needs to significantly increase the wall thickness. The compressed segment utilizes the compression shell to maintain its plasticity (that is, the ability of an object to deform), which can suppress the stress caused by rock convergence, give play to the soil arch effect of the soil itself for self-stabilization, and can greatly reduce engineering costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a tunnel segment provided by the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a porous cushion layer installed on the outer wall of a tunnel segment provided by the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 A front view of the porous gasket provided by the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a lining formed by multiple tunnel segments provided by the utility model.

[0029] in,

[0030] 1-segment body; 2-compression shell; 3-clamping rod; 4-fastening rod; 5-pressure plate; 6-fastening nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] See attached Figure 1 and 4 The embodiment of the utility model discloses a compressible tunnel segment, wherein a compressible elastic layer is added to the outer wall of a conventional segment so that the segment can adapt to the stress caused by rock convergence in a deep buried tunnel, and comprises a segment body 1 and a compression shell 2;

[0034] The segment body 1 is arc-shaped, with its arc-shaped convex surface being the outer wall surface and its arc-shaped concave surface being the inner wall surface; the compression shell 2 is fixed on the outer wall surface of the segment body 1 .

[0035] When the segment body is installed, the inner wall faces the inner cavity of the tunnel, and the outer wall faces the inner wall of the tunnel. The compression shell abuts against the inner wall of the tunnel, which is equivalent to adding a layer of flexible lining between the conventional tunnel segment and the inner wall of the tunnel. The plastic deformation ability of the flexible lining is used to adapt to the stress caused by the convergence of the rock in the deep buried tunnel.

[0036] It should be noted that "flexible" lining refers to the addition of compressible wedge-shaped elements in the tunnel shotcrete lining, as well as the compressible grouting slurry used in the annular backfilling of prefabricated components. As long as the outer compressible part can maintain its plasticity (i.e. the ability of an object to deform), the stress caused by rock convergence can be suppressed. Therefore, the utility model utilizes the flexible lining of conventional shotcrete in prefabricated tunnel segments, adds a layer of compression shell between the tunnel segment and the inner wall of the tunnel, utilizes the plastic deformation ability of the compression shell, exerts the soil arch effect of the soil itself, and suppresses the stress caused by rock convergence.

[0037] The multiple segments are fastened together at the ends by bolts, eventually forming a ring shape at the end face of the tunnel.

[0038] In this embodiment, the compression shell 2 is made of clay. The compression shell is made of clay, and the plastic deformation ability of clay is used to adapt to the stress caused by rock convergence.

[0039] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, clay is processed into multiple tube shells, and the multiple tube shells are condensed into a compression shell 2 through cement grouting, and the compression shell 2 is bonded to the outer wall surface of the tube segment body 1 through high-pressure forging. The tube shell has a certain inner cavity, and as long as the outer wall of the tube shell maintains its shape, the stress caused by rock convergence can be suppressed.

[0040] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, after the tunnel segments are installed, although a compression shell is set between the tunnel segments and the inner wall of the tunnel, the deformation of the compression shell cannot be too large, and its plastic deformation ability needs to be limited. The diameter of the shell formed by multiple clay bonds is 1 to 2 cm.

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] See attached Figures 2 to 4 , the utility model embodiment discloses a compressible tunnel segment, including a segment body 1 and a compression shell 2;

[0043] In this embodiment, the compression shell 2 is a porous cushion layer and is fastened to the outer wall surface of the segment body 1 by bolts.

[0044] Multiple small holes on the cushion layer are used to realize its plastic deformation ability and suppress the stress caused by rock convergence.

[0045] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the porous cushion layer includes a cushion plate, a clamping rod 3, a fastening rod 4 and a pressing plate 5;

[0046] A plurality of through holes are formed on the plate surface of the backing plate to form a grid, and one side of the plate surface is closely fitted with the outer wall surface of the segment body 1; a plurality of clamping rods 3 are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the backing plate, one end of the clamping rod 3 is vertically fixed to the plate surface at the end of the backing plate, the rod wall is in contact with the side end surface of the segment body 1 in the direction parallel to the arc, and the other end is exposed from the inner wall surface of the segment body 1;

[0047] The fastening rod 4 is arranged perpendicular to the clamping rod 3 , the rod wall of the fastening rod 4 abuts against the inner wall surface of the segment body 1 and both ends of the fastening rod 4 are locked with the clamping rod 3 by means of fastening nuts 6 .

[0048] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the backing plate fits tightly against the outer wall of the segment body, the rod wall of the fastening rod fits tightly against the inner wall of the segment body, the backing plate and the fastening plate are clamped on both sides of the segment body by clamping rods, and the backing plate can be fixed to the outer wall of the segment body by locking the fastening rod and the clamping rod through a nut.

[0049] In order to further optimize the above technical solution and prevent the fastening rod from sliding along the rod wall of the clamping rod due to loosening of the fastening nut, a pressure plate 5 is fixed between the end of the clamping rod 3 away from the pad and the fastening nut 6.

[0050] In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the shape of the through hole on the pad is not limited to a circular hole, a square hole, a diamond hole or an irregular hole.

[0051] In this embodiment, the porous cushion layer is made of ceramic or concrete material.

[0052] The utility model adds a layer of elastic compressible shell on the outside of the traditional concrete pipe segment. According to calculations, a 20 cm thick compression shell installed on a 45 cm thick concrete pipe segment is equivalent to a 100 cm thick traditional concrete pipe segment in the clay rock layer of Callovo-Oxfordian (C-Ox), which greatly saves construction costs.

[0053] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0054] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A compressible tunnel segment, characterized in that: It comprises a tube segment body (1) and a compression shell (2): The segment body (1) is arc-shaped, with its arc-shaped convex surface being the outer wall surface and its arc-shaped concave surface being the inner wall surface; the compression shell (2) is fixed to the outer wall surface of the segment body (1) in a shape-fitting manner.

2. A compressible tunnel segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression shell (2) is made of clay.

3. A compressible tunnel segment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clay is processed into a plurality of tube shells, the plurality of tube shells are solidified into the compression shell (2) through cement grouting, and the compression shell (2) is bonded to the outer wall surface of the tube segment body (1) through high-pressure forging.

4. A compressible tunnel segment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the tube shell formed by bonding a plurality of the clays is 1 to 2 cm.

5. The compressible tunnel segment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression shell (2) is a porous cushion layer and is fastened to the outer wall surface of the tube segment body (1) by means of bolts.

6. A compressible tunnel segment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The porous cushion layer comprises a cushion plate, a clamping rod (3), a fastening rod (4) and a pressing plate (5); The plate surface of the backing plate is provided with a plurality of through holes in a grid shape, and the plate surface on one side thereof is closely fitted with the outer wall surface of the tube segment body (1); a plurality of clamping rods (3) are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the backing plate, one end of the clamping rod (3) is vertically fixed to the end plate surface of the backing plate, the rod wall is in contact with the side end surface of the tube segment body (1) in a direction parallel to the arc, and the other end is exposed from the inner wall surface of the tube segment body (1); The fastening rod (4) is arranged perpendicular to the clamping rod (3); the rod wall of the fastening rod (4) abuts against the inner wall surface of the segment body (1) and both ends of the fastening rod (4) are locked with the clamping rod (3) via fastening nuts (6).

7. The compressible tunnel segment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressure plate (5) is fixed between one end of the clamping rod (3) away from the backing plate and the fastening nut (6).

8. The compressible tunnel segment according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are four clamping rods (3) in total, and two fastening rods (4) in total.

9. The compressible tunnel segment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The through holes on the pad are in the shape of circular holes, square holes, diamond holes or irregular holes.

10. The compressible tunnel segment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The porous cushion layer is made of ceramic or concrete material.

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