End mill
By introducing an inner cutting bottom edge into the end mill, the problem that the small groove-type station cannot remove residues is solved, and the bottom surface residues are efficiently removed without reducing the rigidity of the tool, avoiding the cost and efficiency of replacing the tool Losses improve processing quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420062333.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-10
AI Technical Summary
During the milling process, the center angle of the bottom edge of the end mill cutter makes it impossible to remove residues during narrow groove stations. The existing solutions require tool replacement, resulting in reduced processing efficiency and increased cost.
Design an end mill, which includes multiple outer cutting bottom edges and inner cutting bottom edges. The inner cutting bottom edge is located between the outer cutting bottom edge and the axis, with the same protruding height, expanding the effective cutting range of the tool tip , the bottom surface residue can be removed without changing the tool, the necessary movement distance can be reduced, and the tool rigidity can be improved.
It is possible to remove residues from narrow groove-type stations without reducing tool rigidity, avoiding the reduction in efficiency and cost increase caused by tool replacement, while avoiding the occurrence of tool joint marks, and improving processing quality and efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN222359334U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of mechanical processing, and in particular to an end mill. Background Art
[0002] In the milling process, the milling cutter is an important participating component. The milling cutter cutting edge cuts the material to form a new processing surface. It directly participates in the interaction of the workpiece. The structure and use of the tool directly determine the surface quality and processing efficiency of the workpiece. Among them, the cutting edge of the end mill is composed of the side edge of the cylindrical periphery and the bottom edge of the end face. In the vertical cutting process, the side edge of the tool forms the side wall of the product, and the bottom edge forms the horizontal bottom surface of the product.
[0003] However, due to the existence of the core-digging angle of the tool bottom edge, when processing narrow slot stations, the allowable moving distance of the tool is less than the minimum length of the residual material area, resulting in the inability to remove the residual material. In order to solve this problem, the usual practice is to use a large-diameter tool to increase the rigidity of the tool when processing the side walls of narrow slot stations, and use a smaller tool to increase the moving distance for clearing the corners when processing the bottom surface. Although this method can remove problems such as residual materials, the tool needs to be replaced during the processing, resulting in reduced processing efficiency; and, when the tool is replaced and the bottom surface is processed again, there will be tool marks; furthermore, the number of tool holders and tools needs to be increased, which increases the investment cost. How to solve the above problems is what technical personnel in this field need to consider. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, an embodiment of the present application provides an end mill with higher processing efficiency.
[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides an end mill, which includes a connected shank and a blade body, the blade body extending along an axis, the blade body including a plurality of blade tips, the plurality of blade tips being located at the end of the blade body away from the shank, the plurality of blade tips including a plurality of outer cutting edges and a plurality of inner cutting edges, the inner cutting edges being located between the outer cutting edges and the axis, the inner cutting edges and the outer cutting edges having the same protrusion height along the axis direction.
[0006] In one embodiment, the end of the blade body away from the handle is the bottom end, the axis corresponds to an axis center at the bottom end, and the outer cutting bottom edge and the inner cutting bottom edge both protrude outward along the axis direction compared to the axis center.
[0007] In one embodiment, the bottom angle of the bottom edge that is avoided from the tip of the outer cutting bottom edge toward the axis ranges from 1° to 3°.
[0008] In one embodiment, the number of the plurality of outer cutting edges is the same as the number of the plurality of inner cutting edges, and the plurality of outer cutting edges correspond to the plurality of inner cutting edges one by one.
[0009] In one embodiment, there is a gap between a corresponding outer cutting bottom edge and an inner cutting bottom edge, a plurality of inner cutting bottom edges are spaced apart from the axis, and a plurality of outer cutting bottom edges are spaced apart from the axis.
[0010] In one embodiment, an inner cutting bottom edge is disposed between each of the outer cutting bottom edges and the axis.
[0011] In one embodiment, the blade body includes a plurality of blades, each of which is provided with an outer cutting bottom edge and an inner cutting bottom edge.
[0012] In one embodiment, the number of the plurality of blades is four, the four blades are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis, the plurality of outer cutting bottom blades corresponding to the plurality of blades are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis, and the plurality of inner cutting bottom blades corresponding to the plurality of blades are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis.
[0013] In one embodiment, the blade body further includes a plurality of blade necks, the end of each blade neck is connected to one of the blade edges, the plurality of blade necks are arranged at intervals from each other, and a chip removal groove is provided between any two adjacent blade necks.
[0014] In one embodiment, a plurality of the knife necks are rotatably extended around the axis, and the helical angle of the knife necks ranges from 25° to 35°.
[0015] It can be understood that the end mill provided in the embodiment of the present application is also provided with an inner cutting bottom blade between the axis and the outer cutting bottom blade. The inner cutting bottom blade located between the outer cutting bottom blade and the axis can expand the effective cutting range of the end mill tip, effectively remove the bottom surface residual material, and complete the processing of narrow slot-type stations that cannot be processed by existing end mills without changing the tool, thereby avoiding the problems of cost increase and efficiency reduction caused by tool change, and at the same time avoiding the generation of tool marks. The end mill of the present application has a shorter necessary movement distance than the traditional end mill to remove the residual material in the bottom angle (core digging angle) range of the bottom blade. When processing narrow slot-type stations, the necessary movement distance left for the end mill becomes smaller; therefore, the processing of narrow slot-type stations can be achieved without reducing the diameter of the end mill. The larger diameter can effectively improve the tool rigidity of the end mill, reduce the probability of tool breakage, and improve the reliability of the end mill. The end mill of the present application can effectively remove bottom surface residual material by moving a small distance without reducing the rigidity of the tool, thereby reducing the number of tools and tool holders used and improving the quality and efficiency of part processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an end mill provided in an embodiment of the present application at one angle.
[0017] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the end mill provided in an embodiment of the present application from another angle.
[0018] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the end mill provided in an embodiment of the present application from another angle.
[0019] Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the end mill provided in an embodiment of the present application from another angle.
[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A local enlarged schematic diagram corresponding to the V area.
[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the cutter patterns of the outer cutting bottom edge and the inner cutting bottom edge of the end mill provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0022] Main component symbols
[0023] End mill 10
[0024] Handle 11
[0025] Blade 12
[0026] Knife neck 121
[0027] Blade 122
[0028] Tip 123
[0029] External cutting edge 124
[0030] Inner cutting edge 125
[0031] Chip flute 126
[0032] Bottom 127
[0033] Axis X
[0034] Axis O
[0035] External Knife Pattern M
[0036] Inner Knife Pattern N
[0037] The following specific implementation methods will further illustrate the present application in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0038] The following description will refer to the accompanying drawings to more fully describe the content of the present application. The accompanying drawings show exemplary embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. These exemplary embodiments are provided to make the present application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. Similar reference numerals represent identical or similar components. The terms used herein are only used for the purpose of describing specific exemplary embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "the" are intended to also include plural forms. In addition, when used herein, "including" and / or "comprising" and / or "having", integers, steps, operations, components and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, components and / or their groups. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present application belongs. Furthermore, unless explicitly defined herein, terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the relevant art and the content of this application, and will not be interpreted as idealized or overly formal meanings.
[0039] Usually, the cutting edge of an end mill is composed of the side edge of the cylinder periphery and the bottom edge of the end face. During the vertical cutting process, the side edge of the tool forms the side wall of the product, and the bottom edge forms the horizontal bottom surface of the product. However, due to the existence of the digging angle of the bottom edge of the tool, when processing a narrow slot station, the allowable moving distance of the tool is less than the minimum length of the residual material area, resulting in the inability to remove the residual material. In order to solve this problem, the usual practice is to use a large-diameter tool to increase the rigidity of the tool when processing the side wall, and use a smaller tool to increase the moving distance for clearing the angle when processing the bottom surface. Although this method can remove problems such as residual material, the tool needs to be replaced during the processing process, resulting in reduced processing efficiency; and there will be tool marks when the tool is replaced and the bottom surface is processed again; furthermore, the number of tool holders and tools needs to be increased, which increases the investment cost.
[0040] Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present application provides an end mill, which includes a connected shank and a blade body, the blade body extending along an axis, the blade body including a plurality of blade tips, the plurality of blade tips being located at the end of the blade body away from the shank, the plurality of blade tips including a plurality of outer cutting bottom edges and a plurality of inner cutting bottom edges, the inner cutting bottom edges being located between the outer cutting bottom edges and the axis, the inner cutting bottom edges and the outer cutting bottom edges having the same protrusion height along the axis direction.
[0041] Therefore, the end mill provided in the embodiment of the present application is further provided with an inner cutting bottom edge between the axis and the outer cutting bottom edge. The inner cutting bottom edge located between the outer cutting bottom edge and the axis can expand the effective range of the end mill's cutting tip, effectively remove the bottom surface residual material, and complete the processing of narrow slot-type stations that cannot be processed by existing end mills without changing the tool, thereby avoiding the cost increase and efficiency reduction caused by tool change, and at the same time avoiding the generation of tool marks. The end mill of the present application has a shorter necessary movement distance than the traditional end mill to remove the residual material in the bottom angle (core digging angle) range of the bottom edge. When processing narrow slot-type stations, the necessary movement distance left for the end mill becomes smaller; therefore, the processing of narrow slot-type stations can be achieved without reducing the diameter of the end mill. The larger diameter can effectively improve the tool rigidity of the end mill, reduce the probability of tool breakage, and improve the reliability of the end mill. The end mill of the present application can effectively remove bottom surface residual material by moving a small distance without reducing the rigidity of the tool, thereby reducing the number of tools and tool holders used and improving the quality and efficiency of part processing.
[0042] The following will describe exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the components depicted in the reference drawings are not necessarily shown to scale; and the same or similar components will be given the same or similar reference numerals or similar technical terms.
[0043] The specific implementation methods of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0044] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides an end mill 10, which includes a connected handle 11 and a blade body 12. The blade body 12 is extended along an axis X, and the blade body 12 includes a plurality of blade tips 123, and the plurality of blade tips 123 are located at the end of the blade body 12 away from the handle 11. The plurality of blade tips 123 include a plurality of outer cutting bottom edges 124 and a plurality of inner cutting bottom edges 125, and the inner cutting bottom edges 125 are located between the outer cutting bottom edges 124 and the axis X, and the inner cutting bottom edges 125 and the outer cutting bottom edges 124 have the same protrusion height along the axis X direction.
[0045] In one embodiment, due to the presence of the bottom angle (core-cutting angle) in the bottom blade, the area between the outer cutting bottom blade 124 and the axis X cannot be directly cut by the outer cutting bottom blade 124, and the end mill 10 needs to be moved to change the position of the outer cutting bottom blade 124 in order to effectively remove this part of the residual material. The inner cutting bottom blade 125 located between the outer cutting bottom blade 124 and the axis X can mill the part of the residual material between the outer cutting bottom blade 124 and the axis X, and the residual material that cannot be directly cut by the inner cutting bottom blade 125 can also be removed by moving the end mill 10. At the same time, due to the addition of the inner cutting bottom blade 125, the necessary distance of moving the end mill 10 is greatly reduced. The inner cutting bottom blade 125 and the outer cutting bottom blade 124 have the same protrusion height along the axis X direction away from the tool holder 11 (or toward the cutting object), which can ensure that the inner cutting milling cutter can have the same height surface as the outer cutting bottom blade 124, ensure the cutting effect of the tool tip 123, and ensure the flatness of the bottom surface to be cut.
[0046] It can be understood that the end mill 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is further provided with an inner cutting bottom edge 125 between the axis X and the outer cutting bottom edge 124. The inner cutting bottom edge 125 located between the outer cutting bottom edge 124 and the axis X can expand the effective cutting range of the tool tip 123 of the end mill 10, effectively remove the bottom surface residual material, and complete the processing of narrow slot-type workstations that cannot be processed by the existing end mill 10 without changing the tool, thereby avoiding the cost increase and efficiency reduction caused by tool change, and at the same time avoiding the generation of tool marks. The end mill 10 of the present application has a shorter necessary movement distance for removing residual material in the bottom angle (core digging angle) range of the bottom edge than the traditional end mill 10. When processing narrow slot-type workstations, the necessary movement distance required for the end mill 10 becomes smaller (for example, Figure 6 As shown, the inner cutter pattern N corresponding to the inner cutting bottom edge 125 is smaller than the outer cutter pattern M corresponding to the outer cutting bottom edge 124, and the blind area of a single cutting is smaller); therefore, it is not necessary to reduce the diameter of the end mill 10 to achieve processing of narrow slot-type workstations, and the larger diameter can effectively improve the tool rigidity of the end mill 10, reduce the probability of tool breakage, and improve the reliability of the end mill 10. The end mill 10 of the present application can effectively remove the bottom surface residual material by moving a smaller distance without reducing the tool rigidity, reduce the number of tools used, and improve the quality and efficiency of part processing.
[0047] In one embodiment, the blade body 12 includes a plurality of blade edges 122 , each of which is provided with an outer cutting bottom edge 124 and an inner cutting bottom edge 125 .
[0048] It can be understood that each blade 122 is provided with an outer cutting bottom edge 124 and an inner cutting bottom edge 125 to improve the stability of the machining process of the end mill 10. In other embodiments, the tip 123 includes at least one outer cutting bottom edge 124 and at least one inner cutting bottom edge 125, and the outer cutting bottom edge 124 and the inner cutting bottom edge 125 can be respectively located on different blades 122, or the inner cutting bottom edge 125 and / or the outer cutting bottom edge 124 can be distributed in different ways on each blade 122, but the end mill 10 after rotation can have a cutting effect with a shorter necessary moving distance.
[0049] In this embodiment, the number of the plurality of blades 122 is four, and the four blades 122 are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis O. The plurality of outer cutting bottom edges 124 corresponding to the plurality of blades 122 are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis O, and the plurality of inner cutting bottom edges 125 corresponding to the plurality of blades 122 are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis O. In other embodiments, the number of blades 122 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
[0050] It can be understood that the plurality of cutting edges 122 are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis X (axis center O), which can improve the machining stability of the end mill 10 .
[0051] In one embodiment, the blade body 12 further includes a plurality of blade necks 121 , each end of the blade neck 121 is connected to a blade edge 122 , the plurality of blade necks 121 are arranged at intervals from each other, and a chip removal groove 126 is provided between any two adjacent blade necks 121 .
[0052] In this embodiment, there are four knife necks 121, and the four knife necks 121 correspond to four blades 122 respectively, and each blade 122 is located at the end of a knife neck 121 away from the knife handle 11. In other embodiments, the number of knife necks 121 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
[0053] In one embodiment, a plurality of knife necks 121 are extended and rotated around the axis X, and the helical angle of the knife necks 121 ranges from 25° to 35°.
[0054] It can be understood that the end of each cutting neck 121 is connected to a cutting edge 122 so that the end mill 10 has a better cutting effect. A chip groove 126 is provided between any two adjacent cutting necks 121. The chip groove 126 can be used to guide the chips to prevent the chips from clogging the tool.
[0055] In one embodiment, the end of the blade 12 away from the handle 11 is the bottom end 127. The axis X corresponds to an axis O at the bottom end 127, and the outer cutting bottom edge 124 and the inner cutting bottom edge 125 are both protruded outwards compared to the axis O along the axis X direction.
[0056] It can be understood that both the outer cutting bottom edge 124 and the inner cutting bottom edge 125 protrude outwards along the axis X direction compared to the axis O and have the same protrusion height to ensure a better processing effect on the material.
[0057] In one embodiment, the angle of the bottom edge mid-angle that is avoided from the tip of the outer cutting bottom edge 124 toward the axis O is in a range of 1° to 3°.
[0058] It can be understood that the bottom angle of the bottom blade (also called the centering angle or the core digging angle) is a common structural feature of the end mill 10, and its specific angle range can be adjusted according to actual processing requirements.
[0059] In one embodiment, the number of the plurality of outer cutting edges 124 is the same as the number of the plurality of inner cutting edges 125 , and the plurality of outer cutting edges 124 and the plurality of inner cutting edges 125 correspond one to one.
[0060] It can be understood that the multiple outer cutting edges 124 correspond to the multiple inner cutting edges 125 one by one, that is, each outer cutting edge 124 corresponds to an inner cutting edge 125 , which can improve the stability of the machining process of the end mill 10 .
[0061] In one embodiment, a gap is provided between a corresponding outer cutting bottom edge 124 and an inner cutting bottom edge 125 , the plurality of inner cutting bottom edges 125 are spaced apart from the axis O, and the plurality of outer cutting bottom edges 124 are spaced apart from the axis O.
[0062] In one embodiment, an inner cutting bottom edge 125 is disposed between each outer cutting bottom edge 124 and the axis O.
[0063] It can be understood that the multiple outer cutting bottom edges 124 and the multiple inner cutting bottom edges 125 are respectively arranged at intervals from each other, so that there are avoidance gaps between the multiple cutting edges 122, thereby improving the tool performance.
[0064] It can be understood that the end mill 10 of the present application has both an outer cutting bottom edge 124 and an inner cutting bottom edge 125, so that the end mill 10 has more blades 122, and the actual cutting amount allocated to a single blade 122 during the cutting process will be smaller, so that the life of each blade 122 will be increased, thereby increasing the overall service life of the end mill 10 and improving its wear resistance.
[0065] In one embodiment, the diameter from the axis O to the corresponding tip of the outer cutting edge 124 is defined as R, the diameter from the axis O to the corresponding tip of the inner cutting edge 125 is defined as d2, and the distance from the corresponding tip of the inner cutting edge 125 to the corresponding tip of the outer cutting edge 124 is defined as d1. It can usually be considered that R is close to d1+d2.
[0066] It is understandable that when processing a narrow slot type workstation, the necessary moving distance (minimum moving distance of the bottom surface of the groove that can be processed) D1 of the traditional end mill 10 is 4*R, and the necessary moving distance (minimum moving distance of the bottom surface of the groove that can be processed) D2 of the end mill 10 of the present application is 4*max(d1; d2). Since the distance between the inner cutting bottom edge 125 at the axis O and the outer cutting bottom edge 124 can be adjusted according to the actual situation, the value of D2 will also change accordingly. However, no matter how the value of D2 changes, the value of max(d1; d2) (which can be understood as the maximum value between d1 and d2) will inevitably be less than R. Therefore, the necessary moving distance D2 of the end mill 10 itself is inevitably less than the necessary moving distance D1 of the traditional end mill 10.
[0067] It can be understood that the tool rotation speed of the end mill 10 can be given according to the minimum rotation speed at the diameter d2*2 to ensure that the end mill 10 has a sufficient cutting linear speed at the d2 tool tip 123.
[0068] It can be understood that the tool feed of the end mill 10 can be F=(|d1-d2|)*2*4*S, which can obtain uniform and high-quality surface cutting lines.
[0069] It can be understood that when processing a narrow groove workstation, the corresponding end mill 10 bottom blade structure can be designed according to the groove depth and groove width. The tool moves the maximum distance between the bottom blade tip of the tool at the bottom of the groove. According to the use of the tool, the residual material on the bottom surface of the groove can be effectively removed. At the same time, a larger tool diameter can be used to maintain a higher tool strength.
[0070] It can be understood that the end mill 10 of the present application can use a larger diameter tool to increase the rigidity of the tool when processing the side wall. At the same time, the tool moves a smaller distance to effectively clear the bottom surface, reducing the tool change time when replacing the large diameter tool to mill the side and replacing the small tool for clearing the corner, thereby improving processing efficiency; avoiding tool marks on the bottom surface, improving part quality, and at the same time reducing the number of tool holders and tools, reducing investment costs.
[0071] In the above, the specific implementation of the present application is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and substitutions may be made to the specific implementation of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. These changes and substitutions are all within the scope defined by the present application.
Claims
1. An end mill, comprising a connected handle and a blade, characterized in that: The blade body is extended along an axis, and the blade body includes a plurality of blade tips, and the plurality of blade tips are located at the end of the blade body away from the handle. The plurality of blade tips include a plurality of outer cutting edges and a plurality of inner cutting edges, and the inner cutting edges are located between the outer cutting edges and the axis, and the inner cutting edges and the outer cutting edges have the same protrusion height along the axis direction.
2. The end mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the blade body away from the handle is the bottom end, the axis corresponds to an axis center at the bottom end, and the outer cutting bottom edge and the inner cutting bottom edge both protrude outwards along the axis direction compared to the axis center.
3. The end mill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle range of the bottom angle of the bottom edge which is avoided from the tip of the outer cutting bottom edge toward the axis is 1° to 3°.
4. The end mill according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the plurality of outer cutting bottom edges is the same as the number of the plurality of inner cutting bottom edges, and the plurality of outer cutting bottom edges correspond to the plurality of inner cutting bottom edges one by one.
5. The end mill according to claim 4, characterized in that: There is a gap between a corresponding outer cutting bottom edge and an inner cutting bottom edge, a plurality of inner cutting bottom edges are spaced apart from the axis, and a plurality of outer cutting bottom edges are spaced apart from the axis.
6. The end mill according to claim 4, characterized in that: An inner cutting bottom edge is arranged between each outer cutting bottom edge and the axis.
7. The end mill according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blade body comprises a plurality of blade edges, each of which is provided with an outer cutting bottom edge and an inner cutting bottom edge.
8. The end mill according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the multiple blades is four, the four blades are symmetrically arranged compared to the axis, the multiple outer cutting bottom blades corresponding to the multiple blades are symmetrically arranged compared to the axis, and the multiple inner cutting bottom blades corresponding to the multiple blades are symmetrically arranged compared to the axis.
9. The end mill according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blade body also includes a plurality of blade necks, the end of each blade neck is connected to one of the blade edges, the plurality of blade necks are arranged at intervals from each other, and a chip removal groove is provided between any two adjacent blade necks.
10. The end mill according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plurality of knife necks are rotatably extended around the axis, and the helical angle of the knife necks ranges from 25° to 35°.