Spline matching structure and transmission

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spline matching structure and a transmission. The technical problems that under the action of alternating loads, gaps between existing splines are prone to causing abrasion and fatigue risks, and in addition, due to the consideration of machining errors and easy assembly, the risk of partial fretting abrasion still exists are solved. The synchronizer is provided with an internal spline; the second shaft is provided with an external spline; the tooth crest of the external spline is in interference fit with the tooth groove of the internal spline; the tooth crest of the internal spline is in clearance fit with the tooth groove of the external spline; the tooth sides of the spline teeth of the external spline and the spline teeth of the internal spline are in transition or clearance fit; the two sides of the tooth root of each spline tooth on the inner spline are each provided with a groove. According to the utility model, the external spline and the internal spline adopt a static connection matching mode of large-diameter centering interference fit, so that the problem of meshing eccentricity of a spline pair is solved, the probability of fretting wear caused by eccentricity of the spline pair is reduced, the service life of the static connection spline pair is prolonged, and the torque transmission reliability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a spline, in particular to a spline matching structure and a transmission. Background Art

[0002] In the existing transmission, the two shafts and the synchronizer are connected as a fixed torque transmission relationship, and the two are mostly connected by splines. The static connection matching mode of the spline pair is mostly clearance matching, and a few are transition or interference matching.

[0003] Based on the research on the static connection of splines, the misalignment of the axis of rotating machinery is the decisive factor for the wear of splines. In actual work, only part of the spline teeth (25% to 50%) may participate in the meshing. The micro-wear of the spline pair causes damage such as broken teeth, scratches, pitting, plastic deformation, and even failure, which seriously affects the service life of the transmission assembly. Therefore, the static connection of the spline pair using transition or interference fit is better than clearance fit in terms of fatigue life.

[0004] At present, when the spline pair is transitioned or interfered, tooth side transition or interference is generally used to reduce the wear and fatigue risks caused by the gap between splines under the action of alternating loads. Due to the misalignment of the spline pair axis caused by spline processing errors and the consideration of easy assembly, there is still some risk of micro-motion wear, and axis misalignment is the decisive factor for spline wear.

[0005] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN103912566A discloses "A spline pair centering guide structure and its processing method", which improves the processing accuracy of external splines by large-diameter centering, but still cannot eliminate the influence of micro-wear caused by axis misalignment during the spline pair matching process. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a spline matching structure and a transmission to solve the technical problem that the gap between the splines of the existing splines can easily cause wear and fatigue risks under the action of alternating loads. In addition, due to processing errors and considerations of ease of assembly, there is still a partial technical problem of micro-motion wear risks.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The utility model provides a spline matching structure, comprising a synchronizer with internal splines and two shafts with external splines; the special features of the structure are:

[0009] The tooth top of the external spline and the tooth groove of the internal spline are interference fit;

[0010] The tooth top of the internal spline and the tooth groove of the external spline are clearance-fitted;

[0011] The spline teeth of the external spline and the tooth sides of the spline teeth of the internal spline are transitionally matched or clearance-matched;

[0012] A groove is respectively provided on both sides of the tooth root of each spline tooth on the internal spline.

[0013] Furthermore, the positions and shapes of the grooves located on both sides of the root of the same spline tooth are symmetrical to each other along the axial mid-plane of the spline tooth.

[0014] Furthermore, the groove is a groove with an arc-shaped cross section.

[0015] The utility model also provides a spline matching structure, including a synchronizer with internal splines and two shafts with external splines; the special features of the structure are:

[0016] The tooth top of the internal spline and the tooth groove of the external spline are interference fit;

[0017] The tooth top of the external spline and the tooth groove of the internal spline are clearance-fitted;

[0018] The spline teeth of the external spline and the spline teeth of the internal spline are transitionally matched or clearance-matched;

[0019] A groove is respectively provided on both sides of the tooth root of each spline tooth on the external spline.

[0020] Furthermore, the positions and shapes of the grooves located on both sides of the root of the same spline tooth are symmetrical to each other along the axial mid-plane of the spline tooth.

[0021] Furthermore, the groove is a groove with an arc-shaped cross section.

[0022] At the same time, the utility model also provides a transmission, which is special in that it includes the above two spline matching structures.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0024] 1. The utility model adopts a static connection matching mode of large diameter centering interference fit for the external spline and the internal spline, which improves the eccentricity problem of the spline pair meshing and reduces the probability of micro-wear of the spline pair due to eccentricity, thereby extending the service life of the static connection spline pair, improving the torque transmission reliability, and playing a positive role in the fatigue life of the transmission assembly.

[0025] 2. The utility model provides arc-shaped grooves at the tooth roots of the external spline teeth or the internal spline teeth, which can facilitate the press-fitting of the spline teeth into the grooves. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a spline matching structure of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the side structure of

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the structure at center.

[0029] Figure Number:

[0030] 1-Synchronizer, 11-Internal spline, 12-Groove;

[0031] 2-second shaft, 21-external spline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0033] The utility model mainly aims at the 6-speed / 8-speed gearbox structure of light trucks, and proposes a structure of two shafts and synchronizers with spline pairs. The spline pair adopts large diameter centering to eliminate the wear and tooth collapse caused by eccentricity during spline meshing, improve the reliability of static connection torque transmission of the spline pair, and extend the service life. The details are as follows:

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] Combination Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a spline matching structure provided in this embodiment includes a synchronizer 1 provided with an internal spline 11 and two shafts 2 provided with external splines 21; the internal spline 11 of the synchronizer 1 and the external spline 21 of the two shafts 2 are meshed with each other, and the tooth top of the external spline 21 and the tooth groove of the internal spline 11 are interference fit; the tooth top of the internal spline 11 and the tooth groove of the external spline 21 are clearance fit; the spline teeth of the external spline 21 and the spline tooth side of the internal spline 11 are transition or clearance fit; large diameter centering-the large diameter of the meshing splines of the synchronizer 1 and the two shafts 2 is interference fit; each spline tooth on the internal spline 11 is provided with a groove 12 on both sides of the tooth root, which is convenient for tooth assembly, and the positions and shapes of the grooves 12 on both sides of the same tooth root are symmetrical along the axial center plane of the spline tooth. All grooves 12 are grooves with arc-shaped cross-sections. The assembly process adopts a press-fitting method.

[0036] During the assembly process of the spline pair of the synchronizer 1 and the second shaft 2, the arc-shaped grooves 12 designed on both sides of the root of the internal spline 11 and the transition or small clearance of the tooth side can facilitate the press-fitting of the spline teeth into the groove and reduce the gap between the splines due to uneven force; during the static connection and torque transmission of the spline pair, the large diameter interference centering greatly reduces the probability of micro-wear of the spline pair due to eccentricity and reduces the degree of damage, thereby extending the service life of the spline pair and improving the torque transmission reliability.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the tooth tops of the internal spline 11 and the tooth grooves of the external spline 21 are interference fit; the tooth tops of the external spline 21 and the tooth grooves of the internal spline 11 are clearance fit; in addition, grooves 12 are arranged on both sides of the tooth root of each spline tooth on the external spline 21; this structure can also facilitate the press-fitting of the spline teeth into the grooves and reduce the gaps between the splines due to uneven force; reduce the probability of micro-wear of the spline pair due to eccentricity, reduce the degree of damage, thereby extending the service life of the spline pair and improving the torque transmission reliability.

[0039] Embodiment 3

[0040] A transmission, comprising any one of the spline matching structures of the first embodiment or the second embodiment,

[0041] The above is only a specific implementation of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A spline matching structure, comprising a synchronizer (1) provided with an internal spline (11) and two shafts (2) provided with an external spline (21); characterized in that: The tooth top of the external spline (21) and the tooth groove of the internal spline (11) are interference fit; The tooth top of the internal spline (11) and the tooth groove of the external spline (21) are clearance-fitted; The spline teeth of the external spline (21) and the spline teeth of the internal spline (11) are in transition or clearance fit. A groove (12) is provided on both sides of the tooth root of each spline tooth on the internal spline (11).

2. The spline matching structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positions and shapes of the grooves (12) located on both sides of the root of the same spline tooth are symmetrical along the axial center plane of the spline tooth.

3. The spline matching structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The groove (12) is a groove with an arc-shaped cross section.

4. A spline matching structure, comprising a synchronizer (1) provided with an internal spline (11) and two shafts (2) provided with an external spline (21); characterized in that: The tooth top of the internal spline (11) and the tooth groove of the external spline (21) are interference fit; The tooth top of the external spline (21) and the tooth groove of the internal spline (11) are clearance-fitted; The spline teeth of the external spline (21) and the spline teeth of the internal spline (11) are in transition or clearance fit. A groove (12) is provided on both sides of the tooth root of each spline tooth on the external spline (21).

5. The spline matching structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positions and shapes of the grooves (12) located on both sides of the root of the same spline tooth are symmetrical along the axial center plane of the spline tooth.

6. The spline matching structure according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The groove (12) is a groove with an arc-shaped cross section.

7. A transmission, characterized in that: It comprises the spline matching structure described in any one of claims 1-6.

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