Continuous static decarburization reactor for coal gangue

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of coal gangue decarburization treatment, and particularly discloses a coal gangue continuous static decarburization reactor which comprises a reactor main body, the reactor main body comprises a plurality of decarburization section shells connected in series and closed ends located at the two ends of the reactor main body, and the interior of the reactor main body is communicated. A feeding hole and a discharging hole are formed in the reactor main body, a plurality of breathable conveying belts which are distributed up and down are arranged in the reactor main body, the conveying directions of the upper and lower adjacent breathable conveying belts are opposite, and coal gangue can fall onto the lower breathable conveying belt when falling from the upper breathable conveying belt; a hot air inlet and a hot air outlet are formed in the reactor main body. The decarburization reactor uses hot air as a heat source, no combustor is arranged, the coal gangue keeps relatively static in the reactor, heat loss caused by frequent rolling of the coal gangue is reduced, and energy consumption is saved; the coal gangue is in full contact with hot air, so that outer skin shell formation and inner core decarburization are avoided; the decarburization reactor can continuously feed and discharge materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal gangue decarbonization treatment, in particular to a coal gangue continuous static decarbonization reactor. Background Art

[0002] Coal gangue is solid waste generated during coal mining and coal washing. It is a black-gray rock with a low carbon content and harder than coal that accompanies coal seams during the coal formation process. Coal gangue contains a certain amount of residual carbon. The residual carbon in the coal gangue must be removed first to activate the coal gangue to have a certain stability and activity before it can be reused. Gangue contains a certain amount of carbon that can release heat. The calorific value of different gangues is different. For high calorific value gangue (for example, gangue with a calorific value higher than 1600 kcal or higher), there are problems of difficulty in decarbonization and high energy consumption. Traditional decarbonization equipment generally uses a burner to promote the combustion and decarbonization of gangue. The insufficient contact surface between gangue and air leads to incomplete combustion, and the local temperature is easily too high, resulting in the outer skin forming a shell, and the inner core is not decarbonized. If the gangue is frequently turned over during the decarbonization reaction, it will cause a loss of calorific value. The traditional static decarbonization equipment will inhibit the precipitation of volatile matter and carbon during the decarbonization process, resulting in uneven decarbonization. The gangue decarbonization machine disclosed in CN116202320A roasts the gangue when decarbonizing it. For high calorific value gangue, it is easy to affect the decarbonization effect of the gangue due to incomplete combustion and excessive temperature. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the problems of high energy consumption and poor decarbonization effect of existing gangue decarbonization equipment when decarbonizing high calorific value gangue, and provides a gangue continuous static decarbonization reactor with low energy consumption and good decarbonization effect.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model includes a reactor body, which includes a plurality of decarbonization section shells connected in series and closed ends located at both ends of the reactor body for closing the two ends of the reactor body, the interior of the reactor body is connected, the top of the reactor body is provided with a feed port for the entry of undecarbonized coal gangue, and the bottom of the reactor body is provided with a discharge port for the discharge of decarbonized coal gangue, and its structural characteristics are: a plurality of air-permeable conveyor belts distributed up and down are provided inside the reactor body, the feed port is located above the loading end of the air-permeable conveyor belt at the top, the transmission directions of the upper and lower adjacent air-permeable conveyor belts are opposite, the blanking end of the upper air-permeable conveyor belt is located above the loading end of the lower air-permeable conveyor belt, and the discharge port is located below the blanking end of the bottom air-permeable conveyor belt; the reactor body is provided with a hot air inlet and a hot air outlet for the entry and exit of hot air for coal gangue decarbonization.

[0005] After adopting the above structure, the hot air used for decarbonizing the coal gangue is introduced into the reactor body from the hot air inlet, and the undecarbonized coal gangue is put into the reactor body through the feeding port. The air conveyor belt at the top of the reactor body is located below the feeding port. After the undecarbonized coal gangue enters the reactor body, it falls onto the air conveyor belt at the top. In order to make the coal gangue fully contact with the hot air, the coal gangue is evenly spread on the air conveyor belt during feeding, and the accumulation of coal gangue is avoided as much as possible. The running trajectory of the coal gangue in the reactor body is as follows: the coal gangue moves with the air conveyor belt at the top, and the feeding end of the second air conveyor belt from the top is located below the blanking end of the top air conveyor belt. When the coal gangue is transported to the blanking end of the air conveyor belt, it falls to the feeding end of the second air conveyor belt under the action of gravity, and then continues to move with the air conveyor belt. The coal gangue gradually moves to the reverse side under the transmission of each air conveyor belt. The lower part of the reactor body moves until it falls from the drop end of the air conveyor belt at the bottom, and the decarbonized coal gangue is discharged through the discharge port; when the coal gangue runs in the reactor body, it is decarbonized under the heating effect of the hot air, and the residual carbon in the coal gangue will undergo an exothermic reaction, so no burner is required, which saves energy consumption and is particularly suitable for decarbonizing high calorific value coal gangue; the coal gangue is in a relatively static state when it moves with the conveyor belt, and will not be frequently turned over to cause heat loss. The hot air can pass through the air conveyor belt, and the coal gangue is evenly spread on the air conveyor belt and fully contacted with the hot air, which will not cause the problem of local excessive temperature causing the outer skin to form a shell. Almost all the coal gangue particles have a uniform path and heat decarbonization time from entering the reactor body to discharge, the inner core is decarbonized, and the decarbonization effect is uniform and stable; the air conveyor belt can operate continuously, and the coal gangue can be continuously fed and discharged to achieve continuous operation.

[0006] A hot air side inlet for the gangue decarbonization hot air to enter is arranged on the side wall of the decarbonization section shell, and the hot air outlet is arranged on the top plate of the decarbonization section shell.

[0007] The hot air side inlet is arranged below the side wall of the decarburization section shell, and the hot air outlet includes a middle air outlet arranged in the middle of the decarburization section shell top plate and side air outlets arranged on both sides of the decarburization section shell top plate.

[0008] Each of the air-permeable conveyor belts is driven by a motor, and the motor is arranged outside the reactor body.

[0009] The motor is connected to the driving shaft, one end of the air-permeable conveyor belt is sleeved on the driving shaft, and the other end of the air-permeable conveyor belt is sleeved on the driven shaft. Both the driving shaft and the driven shaft are located in the closed end.

[0010] The breathable conveyor belt comprises at least two chains. The driving shaft and the driven shaft are provided with sprocket wheels used in conjunction with the chains. A breathable mesh chain that rotates with the chains is provided between adjacent chains.

[0011] The chain links corresponding to adjacent chains are fixedly connected via a supporting column, and the network chain is fixed on the supporting column.

[0012] The reactor body, mesh chain, driving shaft, driven shaft, chain, sprocket and supporting column are all made of materials that can withstand temperatures above 1000°C.

[0013] The utility model provides a coal gangue decarbonization reactor with multiple layers of air conveyor belts rotating in opposite directions. After the undecarbonized coal gangue enters the reactor body, it moves along with the air conveyor belts. The coal gangue is conveyed downward along the air conveyor belts in the reactor body. Hot air for decarbonization is introduced from the bottom of the reactor body. The hot air passes through each air conveyor belt upward and fully contacts with the coal gangue to heat and decarbonize the coal gangue. The coal gangue releases heat by itself during decarbonization, and no burner is required, which saves energy consumption. The utility model is suitable for decarbonizing high calorific value coal gangue. Carbon; the gangue can be evenly spread on the breathable conveyor belt and can avoid accumulation, so that the gangue particles are fully in contact with the hot air, avoiding local excessive temperature causing the outer skin to form a shell. The gangue is in a static state during the decarbonization process and will not be frequently turned over, which is beneficial to the decarbonization reaction of the gangue and can reduce heat loss; the running path of the gangue in the reactor body is determined, and the time heated by the hot air is uniform, so the inner core of the gangue is evenly decarbonized; the gangue decarbonization reactor of the utility model can carry out continuous feeding and continuous discharging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a top view schematic diagram of the reactor of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA cross-sectional diagram of ;

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB cross-sectional diagram;

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the network chain;

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the C portion;

[0019] In the figure: 1. closed end for inlet and outlet; 11. first bracket; 13. feed box; 14. feed port; 15. discharge port; 2. turning closed end; 21. second bracket; 3. decarbonization section shell; 31. middle air outlet; 32. side air outlet; 33. hot air side inlet; 4. motor; 5. mesh chain; 6. chain; 61. support column; 7. driven shaft; 8. driving shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Reference Figure 1-5A reactor for decarbonizing coal gangue, comprising a reactor body for decarbonizing undecarbonized coal gangue and a plurality of air-permeable conveyor belts located inside the reactor body for conveying coal gangue. The reactor body is provided with a feed port 14 for entry of undecarbonized coal gangue and a discharge port 15 for discharge of decarbonized coal gangue. The reactor body is also provided with a hot air inlet for entry of decarbonized hot air and a hot air outlet for discharge of hot air. The air-permeable conveyor belts are driven by a motor 4. The reactor body comprises a plurality of decarbonization section shells 3 connected in series, the number of the decarbonization section shells 3 being determined according to actual needs, the interiors of two adjacent decarbonization section shells 3 being connected, and the outer sides of the two decarbonization section shells 3 at the ends are respectively connected with closed ends for closing the two ends of the reactor body. The outer side of the decarbonization section shell 3 mentioned here refers to the end of the decarbonization section shell 3 close to the outside, rather than the end where two adjacent decarbonization section shells 3 are connected, such as Figure 2 As shown, one end of the reactor body is provided with an inlet and outlet closed end 1, and the other end of the reactor body is provided with a turning closed end 2. A feed port 14 and a discharge port 15 are arranged on one side of the inlet and outlet closed end 1. Specifically, a feed box 13 is connected to the upper part of the side wall of the inlet and outlet closed end 1, and the feed box 13 is connected to the internal space of the inlet and outlet closed end 1. A feed port 14 is provided on the top of the feed box 13, and a discharge port 15 is arranged on the bottom plate of the inlet and outlet closed end 1. The following air permeable conveyor belt changes its transmission direction at the turning closed end 2. Of course, the feed port 14 and the discharge port 15 can also be arranged at other positions, such as setting the feed port 14 at the top of the decarbonization section shell 3, and setting the discharge port 15 at the bottom of the turning closed end 2.

[0021] Reference Figure 1-5 The reactor body is provided with a plurality of air-permeable conveyor belts distributed vertically, such as Figure 2 As shown, there are six air conveyor belts in the reactor body, and the number of air conveyor belts is determined according to actual needs. The feed port 14 is located above the feeding end of the top air conveyor belt. The top here refers to the highest air conveyor belt. The undecarbonized coal gangue is put into the feed port 14 and falls onto the top air conveyor belt. The transmission directions of the upper and lower adjacent air conveyor belts are opposite. Figure 2 The arrows in the figure indicate the rotation direction of the shaft and the conveyor belt. The discharge end of the upper permeable conveyor belt is located above the feeding end of the lower permeable conveyor belt. When the gangue falls from the upper permeable conveyor belt, it can fall to the feeding end of the lower permeable conveyor belt. The turning point of the permeable conveyor belt is located inside the feed and discharge closed end 1 and the turning closed end 2. The feed box 13 is also regarded as a part of the feed and discharge closed end 1. Each permeable conveyor belt is driven to rotate by a motor 4, which is located outside the reactor body. Figure 1-3As shown, a first bracket 11 is provided on the side of the feed-in and feed-out closed end 1, and a second bracket 21 is provided on the side of the steering closed end 2. Three motors 4 arranged up and down are installed on the first bracket 11, and three motors 4 arranged up and down are also installed on the second bracket 21. The six motors 4 drive the six breathable conveyor belts to rotate. Specifically, the power output end of the motor 4 is connected to the driving shaft 8, one end of the breathable conveyor belt is sleeved on the driving shaft 8, and the other end of the breathable conveyor belt is sleeved on the driven shaft 7. Looking at the inside of the feed-in and feed-out closed end 1 or the steering closed end 2 in the vertical direction, the driving shaft 8 and the driven shaft 7 supporting different breathable conveyor belts are staggered, and the driving shaft 8 and the driven shaft 7 are installed in the feed-in and feed-out closed end 1 and the steering closed end 2. The rotating shaft is installed and fixed by bearings, bearing seats, etc., which is a conventional installation method. Figure 2-5 As shown, the breathable conveyor belt includes three chains 6, the number of chains 6 is determined according to the width of the breathable conveyor belt, at least one chain 6 is set at each end, and several chains 6 or no chain 6 can be set in the middle according to actual needs. The driving shaft 8 and the driven shaft 7 are provided with sprockets used in conjunction with the chains 6, and a mesh chain 5 that rotates synchronously with the chains 6 and is breathable is provided between adjacent chains 6, and the mesh chain 5 has air holes; the corresponding chain links of adjacent chains 6 are fixedly connected by support columns 61, and support columns 61 can be provided every few chain links, and the mesh chain 5 is fixed on the support columns 61.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-3 The decarburization section shell 3 is provided with a hot air inlet and a hot air outlet for the decarburization hot air to enter and exit the reactor body. Specifically, a hot air side inlet 33 is provided on the side wall of the decarburization section shell 3. The hot air side inlet 33 is located below the side wall of the decarburization section shell 3. At least one hot air side inlet 33 is provided on each decarburization section shell 3, and one can also be provided on the side walls on both sides. Hot air inlets can also be added at other positions of the decarburization section shell 3 to improve the heating effect. A hot air outlet is provided on the top plate of the decarburization section shell 3, such as Figure 1 As shown, a middle air outlet 31 is provided in the middle of the top plate of each decarbonization section shell 3, and side air outlets 32 are provided on both sides of the top plate. Hot air is discharged from different positions of the top plate, so that the hot air is evenly distributed when flowing upward through the cross section of the reactor body, thereby improving the heating effect on the coal gangue. The equipment in the reactor body of the utility model is made of high temperature resistant materials, and the feed and discharge closed end 1, the steering closed end 2, the decarbonization section shell 3, the mesh chain 5, the driving shaft 8, the driven shaft 7, the chain 6, the sprocket, the support column 61, etc. can withstand high temperatures above 1000°C, and high temperature resistant alloy metal materials can be selected.

[0023] Usage method: Undecarbonized coal gangue is fed into the feed port 14 and then falls onto the feeding end of the top air conveyor belt. Avoid coal gangue accumulation when feeding, and make the coal gangue fall onto the air conveyor belt as evenly as possible. The coal gangue moves with the air conveyor belt. When the coal gangue runs to the dropping end of the air conveyor belt, it falls to the feeding end of the air conveyor belt below, and is transported in the opposite direction with the air conveyor belt below. By analogy, the coal gangue is transported in a zigzag manner in the reactor body to the bottom of the reactor body. When the coal gangue is transported to the dropping end of the air conveyor belt at the bottom, it falls and is discharged through the discharge port 15. The decarbonization hot air enters the reactor body from the bottom through the hot air side inlet 33. When the hot air flows upward, it passes through the air holes on the air conveyor belt mesh chain 5 to heat and decarbonize the coal gangue on the air conveyor belt. There is oxygen in the hot air, and the coal gangue releases heat itself during decarbonization. The temperature inside the reactor body is controlled to be maintained in a certain range, such as 850±20℃. The hot air heats the coal gangue on the air conveyor belt from bottom to top, and is finally discharged from the middle air outlet 31 and the side air outlet 32 ​​on the top of the reactor body. The gangue moves with the breathable conveyor belt except when it falls from the upper breathable conveyor belt to the lower breathable conveyor belt. The conveying process is static relative to the breathable conveyor belt, which reduces the heat loss caused by the frequent rolling of the gangue. The gangue decarbonization reactor of the utility model does not have a burner, but relies on hot air and the heat release of the gangue itself for decarbonization. The hot air can use the waste heat of other equipment, which is suitable for the decarbonization reaction of high calorific value gangue, saving energy consumption. The gangue can be evenly laid on the breathable conveyor belt and can avoid accumulation. The conveying process is relatively Static, the gangue will not accumulate when falling from the upper breathable conveyor belt to the lower breathable conveyor belt, so the gangue can fully contact with the hot air, which can avoid the local temperature being too high and causing the outer skin to form a shell, and will not inhibit the precipitation of volatiles and carbon during the decarbonization process, thereby increasing the decarbonization reaction rate. The running paths and decarbonization times of different gangue particles from entering to discharging the reactor body are relatively close, the inner core is decarbonized thoroughly, and the decarbonization effect is uniform and stable; the breathable conveyor belt runs continuously, and can continuously feed into the reactor body, and the reactor can run continuously.

[0024] In the decarbonization reactor of the utility model, a plurality of air-permeable conveyor belts are arranged from the feed port to the discharge port, and hot air is introduced into the decarbonization reactor at the same time, and the coal gangue completes the decarbonization reaction when the air-permeable conveyor belt runs; the coal gangue is relatively still when being transported on the air-permeable conveyor belt, and will not be frequently turned over to cause heat loss, and no burner is needed, which saves energy consumption and is suitable for decarbonization of high calorific value coal gangue; the coal gangue is evenly spread on the air-permeable conveyor belt to avoid accumulation, and is fully in contact with the hot air to prevent the local temperature from being too high to cause the outer skin to form a shell, and the decarbonization effect is stable and uniform, and the inner core is decarbonized more thoroughly; the decarbonization reactor can continuously load and discharge materials to achieve continuous operation.

Claims

1. A continuous static decarbonization reactor for coal gangue, comprising a reactor body, the reactor body comprising a plurality of decarbonization section shells (3) connected in series and closed ends arranged at both ends of the reactor body for closing both ends of the reactor body, the interior of the reactor body is connected, the top of the reactor body is provided with a feed inlet (14) for the entry of undecarbonized coal gangue, the bottom of the reactor body is provided with a discharge port (15) for the discharge of decarbonized coal gangue, wherein: The reactor body is provided with a plurality of air-permeable conveyor belts distributed vertically, the feed port (14) is located above the feeding end of the top air-permeable conveyor belt, the conveying directions of the upper and lower adjacent air-permeable conveyor belts are opposite, the blanking end of the upper air-permeable conveyor belt is located above the feeding end of the lower air-permeable conveyor belt, and the discharge port (15) is located below the blanking end of the bottom air-permeable conveyor belt; the reactor body is provided with a hot air inlet and a hot air outlet for hot air for coal gangue decarbonization.

2. The continuous static decarbonization reactor for coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hot air side inlet (33) for the gangue decarbonization hot air to enter is provided on the side wall of the decarbonization section shell (3), and the hot air outlet is provided on the top plate of the decarbonization section shell (3).

3. The continuous static decarbonization reactor of coal gangue according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The hot air side inlet (33) is arranged below the side wall of the decarburization section shell (3), and the hot air outlet comprises a middle air outlet (31) arranged in the middle of the top plate of the decarburization section shell (3) and side air outlets (32) arranged on both sides of the top plate of the decarburization section shell (3).

4. The continuous static decarbonization reactor of coal gangue according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each of the air-permeable conveyor belts is driven by a motor (4), and the motor (4) is arranged outside the reactor body.

5. The continuous static decarbonization reactor of coal gangue according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The motor (4) is connected to the driving shaft (8) by power, one end of the air-permeable conveyor belt is sleeved on the driving shaft (8), and the other end of the air-permeable conveyor belt is sleeved on the driven shaft (7), and both the driving shaft (8) and the driven shaft (7) are located in the closed end.

6. The continuous static decarbonization reactor of coal gangue according to claim 5, characterized in that: The breathable conveyor belt comprises at least two chains (6), the driving shaft (8) and the driven shaft (7) are provided with sprockets used in conjunction with the chains (6), and a breathable mesh chain (5) that rotates with the chains (6) is provided between adjacent chains (6).

7. The continuous static decarbonization reactor of coal gangue according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The corresponding chain links of adjacent chains (6) are fixedly connected via a support column (61), and the network chain (5) is fixed on the support column (61).

8. The continuous static decarbonization reactor for coal gangue according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reactor body, the mesh chain (5), the driving shaft (8), the driven shaft (7), the chain (6), the sprocket, and the support column (61) are all made of materials that can withstand temperatures above 1000°C.

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