Tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device which comprises an air cannon, a section converter, a tunnel face side face mold, an isolation plate, a tunnel mold, a dust concentration detector, a dust space-time distribution collector and a controller. The air cannon, the section converter, the tunnel face side face mold and the tunnel mold are sequentially connected. The air cannon is adopted as a power source, setting of internal parameters of the air cannon can be determined according to the actual blasting mode, the shot hole position, the explosive load and the like, and the section converter, the tunnel face side face mold and the isolation plate are ingeniously combined, so that the blasting process in tunnel drilling and blasting method construction can be truly simulated; the dust concentration detector, the dust spatial and temporal distribution collector and the controller are combined, so that the concentration and the particle size of dust in the tunnel mold can be effectively detected in real time, the dust diffusion rule is truly reflected, and subsequent dust isolation and falling work in a tunnel is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device. Background Art

[0002] The drilling and blasting method has always been the main construction method for underground engineering excavation. The blasting stage in the construction process is a very important stage. During the blasting stage, a lot of dust particles will be generated. These dust particles not only endanger human health, but also damage construction machinery to a certain extent. Therefore, it is very important to study the diffusion law of tunnel blasting dust. On the basis of understanding the dust diffusion law, dust isolation and dust reduction work can be carried out in the tunnel, thereby reducing the impact of dust on people and construction equipment.

[0003] At present, many scholars use fans as power sources to simulate dust environments. However, the impact of this method on dust is too weak and cannot reflect the instantaneous, high-energy impact of explosives on the face during blasting. Therefore, it is not suitable for simulating dust diffusion caused by blasting during tunnel drilling and blasting construction.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device with a simple structure, strong operability and the ability to effectively simulate the dust diffusion caused by blasting during tunnel drilling and blasting construction to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device which has a simple structure, strong operability and can effectively simulate the dust diffusion caused by blasting in tunnel drilling and blasting construction. The device comprises an air cannon, a cross-section converter, a face side mold, an isolation plate, a tunnel mold, a dust concentration detector, a dust space-time distribution collector and a controller; the air cannon, the cross-section converter, the face side mold and the tunnel mold are connected in sequence; isolation plates are provided at both ends of the face side mold to form an independent dust containing cavity, and a dust loading port for adding dust to the dust containing cavity is provided on the face side mold; a cover plate which can open and close the dust loading port is provided at the dust loading port; the dust concentration detector is arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel mold to detect the concentration and particle size of the dust in the tunnel mold; the dust space-time distribution collector is connected to the dust concentration detector to collect data measured by the dust concentration detector; the air cannon and the dust space-time distribution collector are both connected to the controller. Using air cannon as the power source, the setting of the internal parameters of the air cannon can be determined according to the actual blasting method, blasthole position, charge amount, etc., and the ingenious combination of the cross-section converter, the face side mold and the isolation plate can truly simulate the blasting process in the tunnel drilling and blasting construction; using the combination of dust concentration detector, dust spatiotemporal distribution collector and controller, it can effectively detect the concentration and particle size of dust in the tunnel mold in real time, truly reflect the law of dust diffusion, and facilitate the subsequent dust isolation and dust reduction work in the tunnel, thereby reducing the impact of dust on people and construction equipment. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device, comprising an air cannon, a cross-section converter, a tunnel face side mold, a partition plate, a tunnel mold, a dust concentration detector, a dust space-time distribution collector, and a controller;

[0007] The air cannon, the cross-section converter, the face side mold and the tunnel mold are connected in sequence; isolation plates are provided at both ends of the face side mold to form an independent dust containing cavity, and a dust loading port for adding dust to the dust containing cavity is provided on the face side mold; a cover plate capable of opening and closing the dust loading port is provided at the dust loading port;

[0008] The dust concentration detector is arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel mold and is used to detect the concentration and particle size of the dust in the tunnel mold;

[0009] The dust spatiotemporal distribution collector is connected to the dust concentration detector to collect data measured by the dust concentration detector;

[0010] The air cannon and the dust spatiotemporal distribution collector are both connected to the controller.

[0011] Preferably, the air cannon and the cross-section converter, the cross-section converter and the tunnel face side mold, and the tunnel face side mold and the tunnel mold are all connected via detachable seals.

[0012] Preferably, the removable seal includes a flange and a sealing ring, both ends of the flange are provided with internal threads, and the ends of the air cannon, the cross-section converter, the face side mold and the tunnel mold are provided with external threads matching the internal threads; the connection between the flange and the air cannon, the connection between the flange and the cross-section converter, the connection between the flange and the face side mold, and the connection between the flange and the tunnel mold are all provided with sealing rings.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall surface in the cross-section converter is a uniformly changing and smooth wall surface.

[0014] Preferably, the isolation plate is a low-strength and brittle thin plate.

[0015] Preferably, it further comprises a dust storage, wherein the dust storage is connected with the dust loading port through a conveying pipe.

[0016] Preferably, a control valve is provided on the delivery pipe, and the control valve is connected to the controller.

[0017] Preferably, the dust concentration detector comprises a plurality of groups of the dust concentration detection units arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel mould; the dust concentration detection units comprise a plurality of dust concentration sensors arranged along the face of the tunnel mould.

[0018] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device of the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure after the middle face side mold and isolation plate are assembled;

[0022] FIG3(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cross-section converter connected to an air cannon at one end, and FIG3(b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cross-section converter connected to a face side mold at one end;

[0023] Among them, 1. air cannon, 2. cross-section converter, 3. face side mold, 3.1. dust loading port, 4. isolation plate, 5. tunnel mold, 6. dust concentration sensor, 7. dust spatiotemporal distribution collector, 8. controller, 9. power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0025] Example:

[0026] A tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device, see Figure 1 , including an air cannon 1, a cross-section converter 2, a tunnel face side mold 3, a partition plate 4, a tunnel mold 5, a dust concentration detector, a dust time-space distribution collector 7, a controller 8 and a power supply 9, as follows:

[0027] The air cannon 1, the cross-section converter 2, the face side mold 3 and the tunnel mold 5 are connected in sequence. Preferably, the air cannon 1 and the cross-section converter 2, the cross-section converter 2 and the face side mold 3, and the face side mold 3 and the tunnel mold 5 are all connected by removable seals. Ensure that there is good air tightness between the air cannon 1 and the cross-section converter 2, between the cross-section converter 2 and the face side mold 3, and between the face side mold 3 and the tunnel mold 5. Further preferably, the removable seal includes a flange and a sealing ring, both ends of the flange are provided with internal threads, and the ends of the air cannon 1, the cross-section converter 2, the face side mold 3 and the tunnel mold 5 are provided with external threads matching the internal threads; the connection between the flange and the air cannon 1, the connection between the flange and the cross-section converter 2, the connection between the flange and the face side mold 3, and the connection between the flange and the tunnel mold 5 are all provided with sealing rings. The flange and sealing ring design is easy to install and disassemble and can meet high sealing requirements.

[0028] The two ends of the face side mold 3 are provided with isolation plates 4 to form independent dust containing chambers, see Figure 2, and the face side mold 3 is provided with a dust loading port 3.1 for adding dust to the dust holding chamber; the dust loading port 3.1 is provided with a cover plate (not shown) that can open and close the dust loading port. That is, the dust source is located at the end of the tunnel, that is, within a certain thickness range near the face, which is surrounded by two low-strength brittle thin plates and the face side mold. When the dust is ready to be injected into the above area, the dust loading port is opened, and when the injection is finished, the dust loading port is closed. Preferably, a dust storage is also included here, and the dust storage is connected to the dust loading port 3.1 through a conveying pipe. A control valve is provided on the conveying pipe, and the control valve is used to control the loading amount of dust added to the holding chamber and the particle size of the dust particles.

[0029] The dust concentration detector is arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel mold 5, and is used to detect the concentration and particle size of dust in the tunnel mold. Preferably, the dust concentration detector includes multiple groups of dust concentration detection units arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel mold 5; the dust concentration detection unit includes multiple dust concentration sensors 6 arranged along the tunnel face in the tunnel mold 5. Multiple dust concentration sensors 6 can comprehensively detect the dust concentration and particle size in the tunnel mold.

[0030] The dust spatiotemporal distribution collector 7 is connected to the dust concentration detector to collect data measured by the dust concentration detector.

[0031] The air cannon 1, the dust spatiotemporal distribution collector 7 and the control valve are all connected to the controller 8. The controller 8 is preferably a PC data processor, which can refer to the prior art.

[0032] In addition, it also includes a power supply, which supplies power to various instruments in the tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device.

[0033] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the cross-sectional converter 2 is preferably a uniformly changing, smooth side surface, and edges and corners are avoided as much as possible. Figure 3(a)-Figure 3(b) Specifically, the cross-section converter is connected to the air cannon at one end and is provided with an inlet A1 matching the air cannon, as shown in FIG3(a); the cross-section converter is connected to the side mold of the tunnel face at one end and is provided with an outlet A2 matching the tunnel face, as shown in FIG3(b). Along the axial direction of the tunnel mold 5, the length of the cross-section converter 2 is selected appropriately (not too long), and the compressed air released by the air cannon has a high capacity (that is, the energy attenuation of the compressed air released by the air cannon after passing through the cross-section converter does not exceed 30%), so that the dust around the tunnel face can be effectively blown out, thereby simulating the diffusion of dust generated during blasting in the air.

[0034] The isolation plate described in this embodiment is a low-strength, brittle thin plate, the strength of which can only withstand the lateral pressure of the dust in the containment chamber on the thin plate. When the air cannon propagates to the thin plate, the thin plate is instantly broken, releasing the dust source. In the specific use process, its parameters are selected based on the physical and chemical properties of the tunnel rock and soil, that is, the launch parameters corresponding to each launch hole on the air cannon launch section should match the parameters of the actual blasting. For example, the launch time and duration of each hole should correspond to the time and duration of each blast hole detonation; the position of each hole should match the position of the blast hole during blasting; the energy of the air cannon emitted by each hole should match the amount of charge in the blast hole. The amount of dust in the dust containment chamber is related to the amount of broken rock and soil produced after the actual blasting, and the particle grading is also related to the particle grading of the broken rock and soil.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this embodiment has the following effects:

[0036] The utility model discloses a tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device, comprising an air cannon 1, a cross-section converter 2, a face side mold 3, an isolation plate 4, a tunnel mold 5, a dust concentration detector, a dust spatiotemporal distribution collector 7, a controller 8 and a power supply 9, and the overall structure is simple. The air cannon is used as a power source, and the setting of the internal parameters of the air cannon can be determined according to the actual blasting method, the position of the blasthole, the amount of charge, etc., and the ingenious combination of the cross-section converter, the face side mold and the isolation plate can truly simulate the blasting process in the tunnel drilling and blasting construction, and the operability is strong. The combination of the dust concentration detector, the dust spatiotemporal distribution collector and the controller can effectively detect the concentration and particle size distribution of the dust in the tunnel mold in real time, and can effectively simulate the law of dust diffusion caused by blasting in the tunnel drilling and blasting construction, which is beneficial to the subsequent dust isolation and dust reduction work in the tunnel, thereby reducing the impact of dust on people and construction tools.

[0037] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device, characterized in that: It comprises an air cannon (1), a cross-section converter (2), a tunnel face side mold (3), a partition plate (4), a tunnel mold (5), a dust concentration detector, a dust time-space distribution collector (7) and a controller (8); The air cannon (1), the cross-section converter (2), the face side mold (3) and the tunnel mold (5) are connected in sequence; isolation plates (4) are provided at both ends of the face side mold (3) to form an independent dust containing cavity, and a dust loading port (3.1) for adding dust to the dust containing cavity is provided on the face side mold (3); a cover plate capable of opening and closing the dust loading port is provided at the dust loading port (3.1); The dust concentration detector is arranged on the inner wall of the tunnel mold (5) and is used to detect the concentration and particle size of the dust in the tunnel mold; The dust spatiotemporal distribution collector (7) is connected to the dust concentration detector to collect data measured by the dust concentration detector; The air cannon (1) and the dust spatiotemporal distribution collector (7) are both connected to the controller (8).

2. The tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air cannon (1) and the cross-section converter (2), the cross-section converter (2) and the tunnel face side mold (3), and the tunnel face side mold (3) and the tunnel mold (5) are all connected via detachable seals.

3. The tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The removable seal comprises a flange and a sealing ring, both ends of the flange are provided with internal threads, and the ends of the air cannon (1), the cross-section converter (2), the tunnel face side mold (3) and the tunnel mold (5) are provided with external threads matching the internal threads; the connection between the flange and the air cannon (1), the connection between the flange and the cross-section converter (2), the connection between the flange and the tunnel face side mold (3) and the connection between the flange and the tunnel mold (5) are all provided with sealing rings.

4. The tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The inner wall surface in the cross-section converter (2) is a uniformly changing and smooth wall surface.

5. The tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The isolation plate (4) is a thin plate.

6. The tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a dust storage, which is connected with the dust loading port (3.1) through a conveying pipe.

7. The tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The delivery pipe is provided with a control valve, and the control valve is connected to the controller (8).

8. The tunnel blasting dust diffusion simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust concentration detector comprises a plurality of groups of dust concentration detection units arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel mould (5); the dust concentration detection units comprise a plurality of dust concentration sensors (6) arranged along the tunnel face in the tunnel mould (5).

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