Porous piezoelectric ceramic implant
By using porous piezoelectric ceramic implants in denture implants, using their microcurrent function under external pressure, the problem of unsatisfactory bone binding effect of existing denture implants is solved, and a higher implant success rate and implantation Body lifespan.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421062448.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-15
AI Technical Summary
The existing denture implants have poor bone binding effect after implantation, resulting in failure cases such as implant loosening, implant infection and shedding.
Porous piezoelectric ceramic implants are used, including the neck and a porous body with a certain piezoelectric constant. Through the porous body, micro currents are formed under the action of external pressure to promote bone bonding of the alveolar bone.
The microcurrent promotes bone binding, increases the implant success rate, shortens the healing period, and improves the strength of bone binding and the long-term effectiveness and lifespan of the implant.
Smart Images
Figure CN222426274U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of oral medical instruments, in particular to a porous piezoelectric ceramic implant. Background Art
[0002] Implant dentures are an oral treatment method that implants the alveolar bone in the edentulous area of the mouth and makes a tooth-shaped restoration on the upper end to complete the denture implant. The emergence of implant dentures has brought good news to patients with missing teeth. It can significantly improve the patient's chewing function and feel comfortable like real teeth. Many difficult clinical cases that are difficult to solve with conventional dentures can achieve satisfactory results through implant dentures.
[0003] At present, common denture implants are generally screw-shaped, and the root of the tooth is implanted by screwing the screw into the patient's alveolar bone. However, in the clinical application of implant dentures, there are still many cases of implant failure due to poor bone integration, resulting in implant loosening, implant infection, and implant shedding. In order to enhance the integration of implants with human bones, surface modification or activation coating (including sandblasting, acid etching, micro-arc oxidation, and plasma spraying, etc.) is often used on titanium and titanium alloy implants, zirconium oxide implants and other materials for modification, but the improvement effect is still not ideal. Implant failure after implantation is the biggest concern of patients, so how to improve the success rate of implant dentures is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a porous piezoelectric ceramic implant to solve the problem that the bone integration effect of the existing denture implant is not ideal after implantation.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a porous piezoelectric ceramic implant, including a neck and a porous body with a certain piezoelectric constant, the neck is connected to the porous body, a connecting hole is provided on the neck, a plurality of pores are provided on the porous body, and the plurality of pores are interconnected, and an external threaded portion is provided on the porous body.
[0006] The beneficial effects of this solution are: 1. Utilizing the piezoelectricity of human bones, by using materials with a certain piezoelectric constant as implants implanted in the patient's alveolar bone, the porous body forms a microcurrent under the action of external pressure, and then after implantation, the alveolar bone around the implant can act as a natural piezoelectric material to receive and transmit these charges, thereby forming a microcurrent between the implant and the alveolar bone, achieving the purpose of promoting bone integration and increasing the success rate of implantation.
[0007] 2. The pores created can not only increase the specific surface area of the implant, but also better promote cell adhesion and growth; at the same time, under the action of the bite force, the porous piezoelectric ceramic implant can continuously generate bioelectric current to promote osteogenesis, thereby further effectively promoting bone integration and improving the success rate of the implant.
[0008] 3. The interconnected pores enable bone cells to repeatedly penetrate the porous body during their future growth after the porous body is implanted in the alveolar bone, achieving a more complete combination of the implant and the bone and avoiding blockage in the pores. At the same time, bone tissue grows into the implant from multiple directions, making the implant and the alveolar bone more firmly combined, shortening the surgical healing period, promoting bone integration, increasing bone integration strength, and improving the long-term effectiveness and life of the implant, thereby achieving the goal of further improving the success rate of implantation.
[0009] 4. By connecting the denture to the inside of the neck, with the neck protecting the connecting column, the denture can better cope with the forces in all directions during chewing after implantation, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the denture and the implant and extending its service life.
[0010] Preferably, the connecting hole is a central threaded hole, and the central threaded hole is coaxial with the neck and the porous body.
[0011] Preferably, the shape of the pores is any one of spherical pores, columnar pores, square pores, mesh pores, and curved pores, and the pore diameters of the pores are all 100-400 um, and the porosity of the porous body is 50-80%.
[0012] Preferably, the thickness between the inner wall of the central threaded hole and the outer wall of the neck is 0.4-2 mm.
[0013] Preferably, the neck is in the shape of an inverted cone as a whole, and the height of the neck is 1-3 mm, the diameter of the top of the neck is 3-7 mm, and the connection between the bottom of the neck and the porous body is smoothly transitioned, and the transition distance is 0.5-2 mm.
[0014] Preferably, the piezoelectric constant of the porous body is 3-15 pm / V.
[0015] Preferably, the elastic modulus of the porous body is 0.1-20 GPa.
[0016] Preferably, the material of the porous body is one or more of barium titanate-based piezoelectric ceramics, sodium bismuth titanate-based piezoelectric ceramics, niobate-based piezoelectric ceramics, and bismuth layered structure lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the implant in the embodiment of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the piezoelectric principle in an embodiment of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positive piezoelectric effect mechanism of the implant in the oral cavity according to an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:
[0021] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: neck 1, central threaded hole 2, porous body 3, pore 4, and denture 5.
[0022] Example
[0023] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1-3 As shown, Figure 1 A porous piezoelectric ceramic implant shown includes a neck 1 and a porous body 3 with a certain piezoelectric constant, wherein the neck 1 is connected to the porous body 3; the porous body 3 is implanted into the alveolar bone of a human body to realize the implant connection between the implant and the alveolar bone, and a connecting hole is opened on the neck 1, through which the connection between the denture 5 and the implant is realized, thereby completing the implant restoration of the denture 5.
[0024] Research has found that the failure of commonly used titanium alloy implants is often caused by their high elastic modulus, slow bone integration, and inability to provide a good microenvironment for bioelectrically induced osteogenic differentiation. The human body is a complex piezoelectric body, and almost all human tissues have piezoelectricity. Among them, the piezoelectricity of bone mainly comes from collagen. Mechanical stress can cause collagen to produce a piezoelectric current that is proportional to the stress. This current causes the collagen molecules to align in a directional manner and deposit bone at the negative electrode. Piezoelectric ceramics are a material that has the function of converting electrical energy and mechanical energy into each other. Under external stress stimulation, they generate an electrical stimulation signal pathway, which can promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and promote tissue regeneration in damaged areas. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 Figure a shows the internal crystal equilibrium state of the piezoelectric material when there is no external force, Figure b shows the internal crystal movement state of the piezoelectric material when it is stretched, and Figure c shows the internal crystal movement state of the piezoelectric material when it is squeezed. When the irregular crystals inside the piezoelectric material are perfectly balanced, there is no current; when a certain stress is applied from the outside, the crystal structure will be pushed, the atoms will be pushed, and excess negative and positive charges will appear on opposite sides of the crystal surface. Microcurrents can be formed by collecting the charges on both sides. Furthermore, in the application of dental implants, the alveolar bone around the implant after implantation can receive and transmit these charges as a natural piezoelectric material, thereby forming microcurrents and promoting bone bonding.
[0025] Based on this, the material of the porous body 3 is selected from piezoelectric ceramics with a certain piezoelectric constant, and in this embodiment, the neck 1 is also selected from piezoelectric ceramics, and the neck 1 and the porous body 3 are integrally formed. The piezoelectric ceramics are one or more of barium titanate-based piezoelectric ceramics, sodium bismuth titanate-based piezoelectric ceramics, niobate-based piezoelectric ceramics, and bismuth layered structure lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. The above materials all have certain biocompatibility and good electrical stimulation conduction ability, so as to better simulate the physiological and microelectric environment of bone tissue and promote bone regeneration and reconstruction.
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the porous body 3 is provided with a plurality of pores 4, and the plurality of pores 4 are interconnected. The pores 4 provided can not only increase the surface area of the implant, but also better promote the adhesion and growth of cells; at the same time, under the action of the bite force, the porous piezoelectric ceramic implant can continuously generate bioelectric current to promote osteogenesis, thereby further effectively promoting bone integration and improving the success rate of the implant. The interconnected pores 4 enable the porous body 3 to be implanted in the alveolar bone, and the bone cells can repeatedly penetrate the interior of the porous body in the future growth process to achieve a more complete combination of the implant and the bone, and avoid blockage in the pores 4. At the same time, the bone tissue grows into the implant from multiple directions, so that the implant and the alveolar bone are more firmly combined, shortening the surgical healing period, promoting bone integration, increasing bone integration strength, improving the long-term effectiveness and implant life of the implant, and achieving the purpose of further improving the success rate of implantation. In addition, an external threaded portion (not shown in the figure of the external threaded portion) is fixedly connected to the outer surface below the porous body 3, and the external threaded portion below realizes the screwing and fixing operation of the implant in the alveolar bone.
[0027] The shape of the pore 4 is any one of a spherical hole, a cylindrical hole, a square hole, a mesh hole, and a curved hole. The change in the shape, pore size, and porosity of the pore 4 can change the elastic modulus and piezoelectric constant of the porous body 3, thereby adjusting the elastic modulus and piezoelectric constant of the porous piezoelectric ceramic implant to achieve customization of the implant according to the actual situation of the patient. Studies have shown that if the elastic modulus of the implant is too high, a "stress shielding" effect will occur after implantation into the alveolar bone, affecting the bone bonding effect and causing implant failure. Further, the pore size range of the pore 4 is set to be 100-400um, and the porosity of the porous body 3 is 50-80%, thereby reducing the elastic modulus of the implant by increasing the volume of the pore 4 while ensuring the structural strength of the porous body 3 itself, alleviating the problem of "stress shielding" effect and reducing the success rate of implantation due to the large difference in elastic modulus between the implant and the bone, and reducing the low elastic modulus of the implant to generate more bone around the implant. In this embodiment, the elastic modulus of the porous body 3 is set to 0.1-20 GPa to better adapt to the elastic mechanical properties of human bones; the piezoelectric constant of the porous body 3 is set to 3-15 pm / V to better match the piezoelectricity of human wet bones and improve the bone bonding effect and speed.
[0028] The connection hole is a central threaded hole 2, which is opened in the middle of the neck 1, and after opening, the central threaded hole 2 coincides with the axial direction of the neck 1 and the porous body 3, so as to ensure that the overall stress of the implant is more evenly dispersed after the porous piezoelectric ceramic implant is implanted into the alveolar bone, thereby reducing stress concentration. The central threaded hole 2 is connected to the denture 5 in the following way: a threaded connection column is fixed at the bottom of the denture 5, and the denture 5 can be fixedly connected to the central threaded hole 2 through threaded matching, so as to realize the connection between the denture 5 and the implant, so as to finally complete the implant restoration treatment of the denture 5. Different from the traditional method of setting a raised connection column on the top of the implant to connect with the crown, this scheme connects the bottom of the denture 5 to the inside of the neck 1. Under the protection of the connection column by the neck 1, it can better cope with the forces in all directions on the denture 5 during chewing after implantation, improve the stability of the connection between the denture 5 and the implant, and extend the service life. The thickness between the inner wall of the central threaded hole 2 and the outer wall of the neck 1 is 0.4-2 mm, so as to ensure that the neck 1 is thick enough to prevent stress concentration from causing implant defects and fractures.
[0029] In this embodiment, the neck 1 and the porous body 3 are made by 3D printing. 3D printing of ceramic objects is a mature technology and will not be described here. The neck 1 is in the shape of an inverted cone. Figure 1 As shown, the bottom of the smaller end of the neck 1 is connected to the top of the porous body 3, and the top of the larger end of the neck 1 is used to support the denture 5 to ensure the stability of the connection between the denture 5 and the implant; and, the height of the neck 1 is 1-3mm, the diameter of the top of the neck 1 is 3-7mm, the connection between the bottom of the neck 1 and the porous body 3 is smoothly transitioned, and the transition distance is 0.5-2mm. The smooth transition connection can further reduce the stress concentration of the porous piezoelectric ceramic implant and improve the structural strength of the implant.
[0030] The above is only an embodiment of the utility model, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution of the utility model, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A porous piezoelectric ceramic implant, characterized in that: It includes a neck and a porous body with a certain piezoelectric constant, the neck is connected to the porous body, a connecting hole is provided on the neck, a plurality of pores are provided on the porous body, and the plurality of pores are interconnected, and an external thread portion is provided on the porous body; The connecting hole is a central threaded hole, and the central threaded hole is coaxial with the neck and the porous body; The shape of the pores is any one of spherical pores, columnar pores, square pores, mesh pores, and curved pores, and the pore diameters of the pores are all 100-400um, and the porosity of the porous body is 50-80%; The thickness from the inner wall of the central threaded hole to the outer wall of the neck is 0.4-2mm; The neck is in the shape of an inverted cone as a whole, and the height of the neck is 1-3 mm, the diameter of the top of the neck is 3-7 mm, and the connection between the bottom of the neck and the porous body is smoothly transitioned, and the transition distance is 0.5-2 mm.
2. A porous piezoelectric ceramic implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric constant of the porous body is 3-15 pm / V.
3. A porous piezoelectric ceramic implant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic modulus of the porous body is 0.1-20 GPa.