Intravascular stent and stent system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intravascular stent and a stent system. The intravascular stent comprises a plurality of supporting pieces of an annular waveform structure, and the multiple supporting pieces are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the intravascular stent; the connecting pieces are of annular wave-shaped structures, and the connecting pieces are connected to every two adjacent supporting pieces in the axial direction; at least one windowing structure, wherein no supporting piece and connecting piece are arranged in the windowing structure; the connecting bones are connected to the supporting pieces along the peripheral wall of the intravascular stent to form a circumferential boundary of the windowing structure. According to the intravascular stent provided by the invention, the possibility that a supporting piece or a connecting piece on the side wall of the intravascular stent shields an opening of a branch blood vessel can be reduced, a space is created for further intervention on the branch blood vessel in a long term, and the connecting bone provides certain supporting force in the axial direction and the circumferential direction for the windowing structure; the stability and safety of the intravascular stent after implantation are improved, and the risks of collapse, shortening, deformation, dislocation and the like of the windowing structure are reduced.

Description

[0001] This application is based on the application with CN application number 2023214330073 and application date 2023-6-6, and claims its priority. The disclosed content of the CN application is hereby introduced into this application as a whole. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a vascular stent and a stent system. Background Art

[0003] Aortic dissection is a serious, rapidly progressive, and extremely high mortality aortic disease. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has become an important treatment for Stanford type B aortic dissection. The treatment concept of traditional TEVAR surgery is to close the proximal rupture of the dissection with a stent graft only. However, this procedure can usually only observe complete thrombosis of the false lumen within the coverage of the proximal stent graft. The part of the thoracic aorta or abdominal aorta not covered by the stent graft still has a false lumen that is not thrombotic or partially thrombotic, which may cause some long-term complications and increase the difficulty of re-intervention surgery.

[0004] In order to solve this problem, a new treatment technology has come into being. By connecting a bare stent to the distal end of the covered stent, radial tension is used to expand the true lumen and compress the false lumen, so that the distal rupture is closed and retrograde perfusion of blood in the false lumen is reduced. At the same time, it can avoid covering the spinal artery and reduce the occurrence of spinal cord ischemia.

[0005] In cases where aortic dissection involves important branch vessels such as visceral arteries, there is still a possibility that the bare stent will block the opening of the branch vessels, which may affect the long-term reconstruction of the branch vessels. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present application provides a vascular stent and a stent system to improve the problem that the vascular stent affects the re-intervention of branch vessels.

[0007] The present application provides a vascular stent, which is a tubular structure with a proximal opening, a distal opening and an axially extending inner cavity, comprising: a plurality of support members in an annular wave-shaped structure, the plurality of support members are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the vascular stent; a plurality of connecting members in an annular wave-shaped structure, the connecting members are connected and fixed to two axially adjacent support members; at least one window structure, the window structure has no support members and connecting members; at least two connecting bones, the connecting bones are connected to the plurality of support members along the peripheral wall of the vascular stent to form a circumferential boundary of the window structure.

[0008] The present application also provides a stent system, including a coated stent and the vascular stent as described above, wherein the vascular stent is inserted into at least one of the proximal end and the distal end of the coated stent; the coated stent includes a tubular coating and a plurality of support frames fixed to the tubular coating, and the plurality of support frames are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular coating.

[0009] The vascular stent of the present application has at least one of the following beneficial effects: the vascular stent has a fenestration structure, which is used to align the root area of ​​the target blood vessel, reduce the possibility of the side wall support or connector of the vascular stent blocking the opening of the branch blood vessel, and create space for further intervention on the branch blood vessels in the long term. At the same time, a fenestration structure of a certain size can reduce the strict requirements for the operator to operate the stent accurately to release the stent, thereby reducing the difficulty of surgical operation and the occurrence of related complications; connecting bones are arranged at the circumferential boundary of the fenestration structure, and the connecting bones provide a certain axial and circumferential support force for the fenestration structure, thereby improving the stability and safety of the vascular stent after implantation, and reducing the risk of collapse, shortening, deformation, dislocation, etc. of the fenestration structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vascular stent provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view of the vascular stent is shown;

[0013] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A rear view of the vascular stent is shown;

[0014] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a planar deployment of a vascular stent is shown;

[0015] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a planar deployment of a vascular stent provided in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a planar deployment of a vascular stent provided in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a planar deployment of a vascular stent provided in a fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application showing the application of a vascular stent for the treatment of aortic dissection.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals: 10, vascular stent; 101, surrounding section; 1011, first surrounding section; 1012, second surrounding section; 1013, third surrounding section; 102, window section; 1021, first window section; 1022, second window section; 11, support member; 111, support rod; 112, support crest; 113, support trough; 114, closed-loop support member; 1141, first closed-loop support member; 1142, second closed-loop support member; 1143, third closed-loop support member; 115, open-loop support member; 1151, first open-loop support member; 1152, second open-loop support member; 1153, third open-loop support member; 116, fixing portion; 117, open-loop end portion; 11 71. First open-loop end; 1172. Second open-loop end; 1173. Third open-loop end; 1174. Fourth open-loop end; 1175. Fifth open-loop end; 1176. Sixth open-loop end; 12. Connector; 121. Connecting section; 122. First connecting part; 123. Second connecting part; 13. Window structure; 131. First window structure; 132. Second window structure; 133. Third window structure; 14. Connecting bone; 141. First connecting bone; 142. Second connecting bone; 143. Third connecting bone; 144. Fourth connecting bone; 145. Fifth connecting bone; 146. Sixth connecting bone; 20. Covered stent; 21. Tubular cover; 22. Support skeleton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] For vascular stents, the proximal end refers to the end close to the heart after implantation in the human or animal body, and the distal end refers to the end away from the heart after implantation in the human or animal body. "Axial" refers to the direction of the central axis of rotation of objects such as cylinders and tubes, "radial" refers to the direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and "circumferential" refers to the circumferential direction, that is, the direction around the axis of the cylinder, tube, etc. (perpendicular to the axis and perpendicular to the cross-sectional radius). "Axial", "radial" and "circumferential" together constitute the three orthogonal directions of the cylindrical coordinates. The circumferential length refers to the extension length of the structure or element along the circumferential direction of the cylinder, tube, etc. These definitions are only for convenience of expression and do not constitute a limitation of this application. The following structure refers to the structure after the vascular stent is expanded.

[0022] The embodiment of the present application provides a vascular stent 10, which can be applied to a blood vessel to implement intraluminal isolation to isolate the diseased area in the lumen. For example, the vascular stent 10 can be implanted in the lumen of a blood vessel to isolate the dissection rupture in the lumen. It can be understood that the blood vessel can be an aortic arch, a thoracic aorta, an abdominal aorta, a lower limb artery, a coronary artery, an intracranial artery, or an iliac vein, an inferior vena cava, etc. A person of ordinary skill in the art should know that the use of a blood vessel to illustrate is only for the purpose of example and is not a limitation of the present application. The scheme of the present application is applicable to various lumens of the human body or animal body, such as the lumen of the digestive tract, etc.

[0023] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vascular stent 10 of the first embodiment of the present application. The present application provides a vascular stent 10, which is a tubular structure having a proximal opening, a distal opening, and an axially extending inner cavity, and has radial expansion capability, that is, it can be compressed under the action of an external force, and expand by itself or restore to its original shape through mechanical expansion after the external force is removed, and then maintain the initial shape, so that after being implanted in a blood vessel, it can adhere to the blood vessel wall through its radial supporting force, forming a channel for blood circulation, thereby playing a role in isolating lesions.

[0024] It is understandable that in order to make the vascular stent 10 suitable for treating lumens in different regions, such as the thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, lower limb arteries, etc., as well as lumens of different lengths, the vascular stent 10 can adopt different conical designs, or have different lengths and diameters.

[0025] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The vascular stent 10 includes a plurality of support members 11 in an annular corrugated structure, a plurality of connectors 12 in an annular corrugated structure, at least one window structure 13 and at least one connecting bone 14. Both the support members 11 and the connector 12 can be annular corrugated structures, and the plurality of support members 11 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10. The connector 12 is connected and fixed to two axially adjacent support members 11, so that the vascular stent 10 forms a proximal opening, a distal opening and an axially extending inner cavity. The window structure 13 has at least one, and there are no support members 11 and connectors 12 in the window structure 13, forming an empty space that does not block the branch blood vessels. There are at least two connecting bones 14, and the connecting bones 14 are connected to the plurality of support members 11 along the peripheral wall of the vascular stent 10 to form the circumferential boundary of the window structure 13.

[0026] In some embodiments, see Figure 4The support member 11 is an annular wave structure, and the support member 11 includes a plurality of support rods 111 connected in sequence at an angle, and arranged at intervals along the circumference of the vascular stent 10 to form a wave-shaped annular structure that undulates in a circumferential direction, providing a certain radial support force for the vascular stent 10. The two adjacent angles of the support member 11 in the circumferential direction are the support crest 112 and the support trough 113, respectively. The support crest 112 is closer to the proximal end of the vascular stent 10 than the support trough 113. It can be understood that the angle can be a chamfer, that is, the angle can be arc-shaped. The waveform of the support member 11 can be a repeated sine waveform or cosine waveform, or a high-low waveform, or an irregular undulating waveform.

[0027] In some embodiments, the connector 12 is an annular wave-shaped structure, and includes a plurality of connecting segments 121 connected in sequence at an angle. Two adjacent angles in the circumferential direction of the connector 12 are respectively a first connecting portion 122 and a second connecting portion 123, and the first connecting portion 122 and the second connecting portion 123 are alternately arranged along the circumference of the connector 12.

[0028] In two axially adjacent support members 11, the first connection portion 122 of the connector 12 can be fixed to the support trough 113 of the support member 11 near the proximal end by one or more methods of winding, knotting, welding, hot pressing, bonding, mechanical fixation (such as a connection sleeve) and suture suturing, and the second connection portion 123 of the connector 12 can be fixed to the support crest 112 of the support member 11 near the distal end by one or more methods of winding, knotting, welding, hot pressing, bonding, mechanical fixation (such as a connection sleeve) and suture suturing. The angle arrangement position between the support member 11 and the connector 12 allows the vascular stent 10 to form a grid structure.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first connection portion 122 is closer to the proximal end of the vascular stent 10 than the second connection portion 123 .

[0030] In some embodiments, for the same support member 11, part of the support crests 112 and / or part of the support troughs 113 are not connected to the axially adjacent support members 11 through the connecting member 12. In other words, for the same support member 11, part of the support crests 112 and / or part of the support troughs 113 are suspended.

[0031] In some embodiments, the support crests 112 and support crests 112 of axially adjacent support members 11 or the support troughs 113 and support troughs 113 correspond to each other in the axial direction at least partially. For example, the support crest 112 of a support member 11 at least partially overlaps with the projection of the support crest 112 of an adjacent support member 11 in the axial direction, such as partially overlaps or completely overlaps; the support trough 113 of a support member 11 at least partially overlaps with the projection of the support trough 113 of an adjacent support member 11 in the axial direction, such as partially overlaps or completely overlaps.

[0032] In some embodiments, the support crests 112 of at least some of the support members 11 correspond to the support troughs 113 of the axially adjacent support members 11 in one-to-one axial direction. For example, the support crests 112 or support troughs 113 of at least the support members 11 at the proximal or distal ends of the vascular stent 10 correspond to the support troughs 113 or support crests 112 of the axially adjacent support members 11 in one-to-one axial direction, and the support crests 112 of one support member 11 are connected to the support troughs 113 of the adjacent support members 11 through the connector 12.

[0033] The support member 11 is made of metal material, such as stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloy, platinum-iridium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, etc.

[0034] In some embodiments, the connector 12 is made of a superelastic material, such as a superelastic metal wire or a superelastic polymer wire. The superelastic metal wire can be a shape memory material, including but not limited to at least one of nickel titanium alloy, nitinol alloy, nickel titanium superelastic alloy, cobalt chromium nickel molybdenum alloy, copper-based shape memory alloy, iron-based shape memory alloy, etc.

[0035] In some embodiments, the connector 12 is made of superelastic polymer fiber, polymer suture or mixed woven polymer suture, etc. The material of the polymer thread can be polyethylene terephthalate (PET) suture, polypropylene (PP) suture, etc.

[0036] The superelasticity of the connector 12 material enables the support 11 and the connector 12 to contract or expand radially, that is, the support 11 and the connector 12 have radial expansion capabilities, which is beneficial to ensure that the overall vascular stent 10 has good bending flexibility. After implantation in the blood vessel, it can adhere to the blood vessel wall through its radial supporting force. In addition, it can also provide a certain axial supporting force, so that the vascular stent 10 has a smaller elongation before and after release.

[0037] In some embodiments, the wire diameter of the connector 12 is smaller than that of the support 11. This is beneficial to ensure the radial support force of the stent 10 and improve the flexibility of the stent 10. The stent 10 has a smaller elongation before and after release and is easier to position.

[0038] In some embodiments, the connector 12 is a single strand or a multi-strand composite wire. The multi-strand composite wire is formed by twisting or braiding together. The multi-strand composite wire is formed by twisting or braiding together a plurality of superelastic metal wires, or is formed by twisting or braiding together at least one superelastic metal wire and the remaining strands of superelastic polymer wires. The multi-strand composite wire is beneficial for making the vascular stent 10 have a uniform and reasonable radial support force, and has good axial support performance, which is beneficial to avoid stacking and shortening of the stent; it is also beneficial to avoid the problem of new interlayer ruptures due to excessive radial support force, and it is also beneficial to ensure that the vascular stent 10 has good bending flexibility and can adapt to various forms of aortic anatomical structures.

[0039] In cases where the lesion involves important branch vessels such as visceral arteries, it is often necessary to extend the stent across the visceral arteries and other important branch vessel areas to provide support for the endothelium. However, due to the grid structure of the side walls of conventional stents, the support or connectors of the side walls may be located at the root of the branch vessels, and there is a possibility of blocking the opening of the branch vessels. If further intervention on the branch vessels is required later, it may affect the long-term reconstruction of the branch vessels.

[0040] The vascular stent 10 has at least one fenestration structure 13, and there is no support member 11 and connector 12 in the fenestration structure 13, which is used to avoid important branch vessels of the aorta side wall. For the vascular stent 10 implanted in the thoracic and abdominal aorta, the fenestration structure 13 is used to avoid at least one branch vessel among the celiac trunk artery, the superior mesenteric artery, the left renal artery, the right renal artery, etc. For the vascular stent 10 implanted in the aortic arch, the fenestration structure 13 is used to avoid at least one branch vessel among the brachiocephalic trunk artery, the left common carotid artery, the left subclavian artery, etc. A fenestration structure 13 can correspond to one branch vessel or multiple branch vessels. Due to the different anatomical structures of different human or animal bodies, the origin position, direction, diameter, etc. of their branch vessels may be different. For aortic dissection involving important branch vessels, the fenestration structure 13 of a certain size on the side wall of the vascular stent 10 will provide a certain avoidance space for the important branch vessels, so that blood can flow smoothly into the branch vessels, provide blood perfusion for the important branch vessels or organs, and reduce the risk of ischemic damage. At the same time, the fenestration structure 13 on the side wall of the vascular stent 10 also reserves space for secondary intervention. If the branch vessels need to be reconstructed in the secondary intervention, it is convenient for instruments such as guide wires to pass through the unobstructed fenestration structure 13 to establish a channel and implant the stent in the branch vessel. On the other hand, the fenestration structure of a certain size can, to a certain extent, reduce the strict requirements on the operator to operate the precise release of the stent during the delivery of the vascular stent 10, thereby reducing the difficulty of surgical operation and the occurrence of related complications.

[0041] In some embodiments, the circumferential length, axial length, shape, etc. of the fenestration structure 13 are determined according to the specific branch vessel area to be avoided and the degree of involvement of the lesion. The circumferential length of the fenestration structure 13 is 6% to 70% of the circumferential length of the vascular stent 10. In some embodiments, the circumferential length of the fenestration structure 13 is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the circumferential length of the vascular stent 10. The axial length of the fenestration structure 13 is 1 to 3 times the circumferential length of the fenestration structure 13. While providing a relatively large fenestration space, a certain radial support force can be provided in the circumferential direction of the fenestration structure 13 to reshape the true lumen, close the rupture, and promote the thrombosis of the false lumen for the dissection lesions on the circumference of the fenestration structure 13, and ensure the adhesion of the circumferential rupture to the aortic wall. The shape of the fenestration structure 13 is roughly at least one of a rectangle, a trapezoid, a parallelogram or a special shape. Multiple fenestration structures 13 can be interconnected or independent of each other.

[0042] In some embodiments, the vascular stent 10 has at least two connecting bones 14, and the connecting bones 14 are connected to the plurality of support members 11 along the peripheral wall of the vascular stent 10 to form the circumferential boundary of the window structure 13, so as to help maintain the shape of the window structure 13. The connecting bones 14 can be fixedly connected to the plurality of support members 11 by one or more methods such as winding, knotting, welding, hot pressing, bonding, mechanical fixation (such as a connecting sleeve), winding with metal wire or polymer wire, or suturing. For example, the connecting sleeve sleeves part of the support member 11 and part of the connecting bones 14 inside it, and the support member 11 is fixedly connected to the connecting bones 14 by mechanical compression, etc., to form a fixing portion 116.

[0043] In some embodiments, the position of the fixing portion 116 on the support member 11 is any local position of the support member 11, such as the support crest 112, the support trough 113, the support rod 111 or the end of the wire head of the support member 11, and the position of the fixing portion 116 on the connecting bone 14 can also be any local position of the connecting bone 14, such as the proximal end, the distal end or any middle position of the connecting bone 14.

[0044] In some embodiments, the connecting bone 14 is a slender rod-shaped wire of a certain length, which extends along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10. The connecting bone 14 can be roughly parallel to the longitudinal center line of the vascular stent 10, or it can be at a certain angle to the longitudinal center line of the vascular stent 10. The same connecting bone 14 is axially connected to multiple support members 11, and at least two connecting bones 14 and the support members 11 connected to their proximal ends and the support members 11 connected to their distal ends together enclose the boundary of the fenestration structure 13, forming a fenestration structure 13 that is roughly rectangular, trapezoidal, parallelogram or irregular in shape. The connecting bone 14 can also continue to extend along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10 toward the proximal end or distal end, that is, the connecting bone 14 is also connected to the support members at the boundary of the non-fenestration structure, providing a certain axial support force for the non-fenestration area of ​​the vascular stent 10.

[0045] In some embodiments, the material of the connecting bone 14 is the same as or different from that of the supporting member 11 or the connecting member 12. For example, the material of the connecting bone 14 can be a single strand or multiple strands of composite metal wire or polymer wire, the metal wire is at least one of nickel-titanium alloy, nitinol alloy, nickel-titanium superelastic alloy, cobalt-chromium-nickel-molybdenum alloy, copper-based shape memory alloy, iron-based shape memory alloy, etc., and the polymer wire is PET suture, PP suture, etc. The connecting bone 14 can provide a certain support force in the axial direction and circumferential direction for the fenestration structure 13, and can help reduce the collapse, shortening, deformation, dislocation and other problems of the fenestration structure 13 in the tortuous blood vessels while ensuring that the vascular stent 10 has a certain degree of flexibility, thereby affecting the blood flow perfusion of the branch blood vessels, thereby improving the stability and safety of the vascular stent 10 after implantation.

[0046] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The support member 11 includes a closed-loop support member 114 and an open-loop support member 115. The closed-loop support member 114 and the open-loop support member 115 have a plurality of them respectively. The closed-loop support member 114 and the open-loop support member 115 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10 to provide radial support force for the vascular stent 10. The closed-loop support member 114 is connected end to end to form an independent ring to form a closed annular waveform structure. The closed-loop support member 114 can be a closed-loop waveform structure formed by weaving a wire material, or it can be a closed-loop waveform structure formed by cutting a pipe. When the closed-loop support member 114 is a waveform structure formed by weaving a wire material, the wire head end of each circle of the closed-loop support member 114 can be fixed by a connecting sleeve through mechanical compression, welding, etc., to form a connection, or the two wire heads can be directly connected together by welding, metal wire winding, polymer wire winding, etc. to form a connection.

[0047] The open-loop support member 115 is separated at the head and tail, and is surrounded by a circle center to form an open arc structure, that is, the projection of the open-loop support member 115 in the axial direction is roughly in the shape of an arc or a C. Figure 4 Each circle of open-loop support 115 includes two free open-loop ends 117, such as a first open-loop end 1171 and a second open-loop end 1172. The open-loop support 115 can be an open-loop corrugated structure formed by weaving wires, or an open-loop corrugated structure formed by cutting a tube.

[0048] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 The vascular stent 10 includes at least one surrounding section 101 and at least one window section 102 in the axial direction, and all the support members 11 in the surrounding section 101 are closed-loop support members 114. The surrounding section 101 includes at least one closed-loop support member 114 and at least one connecting member 12 connecting at least one closed-loop support member 114 in the axial direction. All the support members 11 in the window section 102 are open-loop support members 115.

[0049] In some embodiments, the fenestration section 102 includes at least one open-loop support member 115 and at least one connector 12 connected to the at least one open-loop support member 115 in the axial direction, the surrounding section 101 and the fenestration section 102 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the vascular stent 10, and the surrounding section 101 and the fenestration section 102 are connected by the connector 12. The fenestration section 102 includes at least one fenestration structure 13, and the fenestration structure 13 does not have the support member 11 and the connector 12.

[0050] In some embodiments, there are at least two connecting bones 14, and the connecting bones 14 are connected and fixed to at least one axially adjacent closed-loop support member 114 and at least one open-loop support member 115 along the peripheral wall of the vascular stent 10, and the area between two circumferentially adjacent connecting bones 14 without support members 11 and connecting members is a window structure 13. The fixing portion 116 formed by the connecting bones 14 and the closed-loop support member 114 can be located at any position on the closed-loop support member 114, such as the support crest 112, the support trough 113 or any position on the support rod 111, so as to form an axial connection between the window segment 102 and the surrounding segment 101 near the window structure 13, thereby increasing the axial support force of the window structure 13.

[0051] In some embodiments, the fixing portion formed by the connecting bone 14 and the open-loop support 115 is located at the open-loop end 117 on the open-loop support 115. On the one hand, it can wrap the sharp open-loop end 117 of the open-loop support 115, reducing the risk of damage or stimulation to the blood vessel wall by the open-loop end 117, which is conducive to improving the safety of implantation of the vascular stent 10. On the other hand, it can enhance the radial support force of the fenestration circumferential area and reduce the risk of collapse, shortening, deformation, dislocation, etc. of the fenestration structure 13. The fixing portion 116 formed by the connecting bone 14 and the closed-loop support 114 or the open-loop support 115 can be located at any position on the connecting bone 14, such as the proximal end, the distal end, or any position in the middle.

[0052] In some embodiments, at least one fenestration section 102 may be located at the proximal or distal end of the vascular stent 10, and at least one fenestration structure 13 may be included in one fenestration section 102. For example, the vascular stent 10 includes a first fenestration section 1021 and a first surrounding section 1011 in order from near to far in the axial direction, and the first fenestration section 1021 includes a first fenestration structure 131. When the vascular stent 10 is used for implantation in the thoracic aorta, the first fenestration structure 131 may correspond to at least one of the brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid artery, the left subclavian artery, etc. For another example, the vascular stent 10 includes a first surrounding section 1011 and a first fenestration section 1021 in order from near to far in the axial direction, and the first fenestration section 1021 includes a first fenestration structure 131. When the vascular stent 10 is used for implantation in the thoracic and abdominal aorta, the first fenestration structure 131 may correspond to at least one of the celiac artery, the superior mesenteric artery, the left renal artery, the right renal artery, etc. For another example, the vascular stent 10 includes a first fenestration section 1021, a first surrounding section 1011, and a second fenestration section 1022 in order from near to far in the axial direction. The first fenestration section 1021 includes a first fenestration structure 131, and the second fenestration section 1022 includes a second fenestration structure 132. When the vascular stent 10 is used to implant the descending thoracic aorta and the thoracic and abdominal aorta, the first fenestration structure 131 can correspond to at least one of the left subclavian artery, the left common carotid artery, the brachiocephalic artery, etc., and the second fenestration structure 132 can correspond to at least one of the celiac artery, the superior mesenteric artery, the left renal artery, the right renal artery, etc. The fenestration structure 13 provides a certain avoidance space for the branch artery, and the surrounding section 101 provides a certain radial support force for the vascular wall, which can reshape the true lumen and promote the formation of false lumen thrombosis for aortic dissection.

[0053] In some embodiments, the window segment 102 is located in the middle of the vascular stent 10, and the window segment 102 has one. The vascular stent 10 includes a first surround segment 1011, a first window segment 1021 and a second surround segment 1012 in the axial direction from near to far. The first surround segment 1011 is located at the proximal end of the vascular stent 10, and the second surround segment 1012 is located at the distal end of the vascular stent 10. The first window segment 1021 is located between the first surround segment 1011 and the second surround segment 1012. The first surround segment 1011 includes at least one first closed-loop support member 1141 in the axial direction, and the second surround segment 1012 includes at least one second closed-loop support member 1142 in the axial direction. The first window segment 1021 includes at least one first open-loop support member 1151 in the axial direction. The first window segment 1021 may include a first window structure 131, and adjacent supports 11 are connected by a connector 12. There are two connecting bones 14 , and the area between the two connecting bones 14 without the supporting member 11 and the connecting member 12 is the first window structure 131 .

[0054] See also Figure 4 The first surround segment 1011 includes three first closed-loop support members 1141 in the axial direction, the second surround segment 1012 includes three second closed-loop support members 1142 in the axial direction, the first window segment 1021 includes three first open-loop support members 1151 in the axial direction, each first open-loop support member has a first open-loop end 1171 and a second open-loop end 1172, the first window segment 1021 includes a first window structure 131, and adjacent support members 11 are connected by connecting members 12.

[0055] The connecting bone 14 includes a first connecting bone 141 and a second connecting bone 142. The first connecting bone 141 and the second connecting bone 142 are respectively extended along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10. The first connecting bone 141 sequentially and fixedly connects a first closed-loop support member 1141 at the distal end, three first open-loop ends 1171 of three first open-loop support members 1151, and a second closed-loop support member 1142 at the proximal end from near to far along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10. The second connecting bone 142 sequentially and fixedly connects a first closed-loop support member 1141 at the distal end, three second open-loop ends 1172 of three first open-loop support members 1151, and a second closed-loop support member 1142 at the proximal end from near to far along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10. In this way, a first closed-loop support member 1141 at the distal end, a second closed-loop support member 1142 at the proximal end, the first connecting bone 141, and the second connecting bone 142 together enclose and form a first window structure 131. When the vascular stent 10 is implanted in the aortic arch, the fenestration structure 13 may correspond to at least one of the brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid artery, the left subclavian artery, etc. When the vascular stent 10 is implanted in the thoracic and abdominal aorta, the fenestration structure 13 may correspond to at least one of the celiac artery, the superior mesenteric artery, the left renal artery, the right renal artery, etc.

[0056] It can be understood that the first connecting bone 141 can also fix the three first closed-loop support members 1141, the three first open-loop end portions 1171 of the three first open-loop support members 1151, and the three second closed-loop support members 1142 in sequence from near to far along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10, and the second connecting bone 142 can fix the three first closed-loop support members 1141, the three second open-loop end portions 1172 of the three first open-loop support members 1151, and the three second closed-loop support members 1142 in sequence from near to far along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10, so that the entire vascular stent 10 has a certain axial supporting force to prevent the vascular stent 10 from collapse, shortening, deformation, dislocation and other problems. The connecting bone 14 may not axially connect all the closed-loop support members 114, but only part of the distal first closed-loop support member 1141 and part of the proximal second closed-loop support member 1142 may be axially connected to the connecting bone 14. For example, the two distal first closed-loop support members 1141 and the two proximal second closed-loop support members 1142 may be axially connected to the connecting bone 14, thereby retaining a portion of the flexibility of the vascular stent 10.

[0057] In some embodiments, a fenestration section 102 includes two unconnected fenestration structures 13. When the vascular stent 10 is implanted in the abdominal aorta, the two fenestration structures 13 may correspond to the vascular root positions of the left and right renal arteries, respectively.

[0058] The second embodiment provides a vascular stent 10, which has two fenestration sections 102. The vascular stent 10 includes a first surrounding section 1011, a first fenestration section 1021, a second fenestration section 1022, and a second surrounding section 1012 in order from near to far in the axial direction. Adjacent support members 11 are connected by a connecting member 12. There are four connecting bones 14, and each fenestration section 102 includes a fenestration structure 13.

[0059] See also Figure 5 The first surrounding section 1011 includes three first closed-loop support members 1141 in the axial direction, and the second surrounding section 1012 includes three second closed-loop support members 1142 in the axial direction. The first window section 1021 includes two first open-loop support members 1151 in the axial direction. The second window section 1022 includes one second open-loop support member 1152 in the axial direction. The open-loop ends 117 of the first open-loop support member 1151 are respectively the first open-loop end 1171 and the second open-loop end 1172, and the open-loop ends 117 of the second open-loop support member 1152 are respectively the third open-loop end 1173 and the fourth open-loop end 1174.

[0060] There are four connecting bones 14, which may include a first connecting bone 141, a second connecting bone 142, a third connecting bone 143, and a fourth connecting bone 144. The first connecting bone 141 sequentially and fixedly connects a first closed-loop support member 1141 at the distal end and the first open-loop ends 1171 of two first open-loop support members 1151 from near to far along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10. The second connecting bone 142 sequentially and fixedly connects a first closed-loop support member 1141 at the distal end and the second open-loop ends 1172 of two first open-loop support members 1151 from near to far along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10. The third connecting bone 143 sequentially and fixedly connects a first open-loop support member 1151 at the distal end, the third open-loop end 1173 of the second open-loop support member 1152, and a second closed-loop support member 1142 at the proximal end along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10 from near to far. The fourth connecting bone 144 sequentially and fixedly connects a first open-loop support member 1151 at the distal end, a fourth open-loop end portion 1174 of the second open-loop support member 1152, and a second closed-loop support member 1142 at the proximal end along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10. The area between the first connecting bone 141 and the second connecting bone 142 without the supporting member 11 and the connecting member 12 is the first window structure 131. The area between the third connecting bone 143 and the fourth connecting bone 144 without the supporting member 11 and the connecting member 12 is the second window structure 132.

[0061] In this embodiment, the first window structure 131 and the second window structure 132 are interconnected. It can be understood that the first window structure 131 and the second window structure 132 can also be independent of each other. The first open-loop support member 1151 and the second open-loop support member 1152 can have different circumferential lengths, for example, the circumferential length of the first open-loop support member 1151 is greater than the circumferential length of the second open-loop support member 1152. When the vascular stent 10 is implanted in the thoracic and abdominal aorta, the first window structure 131 can correspond to at least one of the celiac trunk artery, the superior mesenteric artery, etc. of the aortic blood vessel, and the second window structure 132 can correspond to at least one of the left renal artery, the right renal artery, etc. of the aortic blood vessel.

[0062] In some embodiments, the connecting bone 14 may also axially connect all the support members 11. The connecting bone 14 may not axially connect all the closed-loop support members 114, and only part of the distal first closed-loop support member 1141 and part of the proximal second closed-loop support member 1142 are axially connected to the connecting bone 14, that is, part of the closed-loop support members are not connected to the connecting bone 14, and the flexibility of a part of the vascular stent 10 can be retained.

[0063] The third embodiment provides a vascular stent 10, which includes a first surrounding segment 1011, a first window segment 1021, a second surrounding segment 1012, a second window segment 1022 and a third surrounding segment 1013 in order from near to far in the axial direction, and adjacent support members 11 are connected by a connecting member 12. There are four connecting bones 14, each window segment 102 includes a window structure 13, and the window structures 13 are independent of each other.

[0064] See also Figure 6 The first surrounding section 1011 includes three first closed-loop support members 1141 in the axial direction. The second surrounding section 1012 includes a second closed-loop support member 1142. The third surrounding section 1013 includes three third closed-loop support members 1143 in the axial direction. The first window section 1021 includes a first open-loop support member 1151 in the axial direction, and the open-loop ends 117 of the first open-loop support member 1151 are respectively the first open-loop end 1171 and the second open-loop end 1172. The second window section 1022 includes a second open-loop support member 1152 in the axial direction, and the open-loop ends 117 of the second open-loop support member 1152 are respectively the third open-loop end 1173 and the fourth open-loop end 1174.

[0065] There are four connecting bones 14, including a first connecting bone 141, a second connecting bone 142, a third connecting bone 143 and a fourth connecting bone 144. The first connecting bone 141 sequentially and fixedly connects a first closed-loop support member 1141 at the distal end, a first open-loop end 1171 of a first open-loop support member 1151 and a second closed-loop support member 1142 along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10 from near to far. The second connecting bone 142 sequentially and fixedly connects a first closed-loop support member 1141 at the distal end, a second open-loop end 1172 of a first open-loop support member 1151 and a second closed-loop support member 1142 along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10 from near to far. The third connecting bone 143 sequentially and fixedly connects a second closed-loop support member 1142, a third open-loop end 1173 of a second open-loop support member 1152 and a third closed-loop support member 1143 at the proximal end along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10 from near to far. The fourth connecting bone 144 sequentially and fixedly connects a second closed-loop support member 1142 , a fourth open-loop end portion 1174 of a second open-loop support member 1152 , and a third closed-loop support member 1143 at the proximal end along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10 from near to far.

[0066] The area between the first connecting bone 141 and the second connecting bone 142 without the support member 11 and the connecting member 12 is the first window structure 131. The area between the third connecting bone 143 and the fourth connecting bone 144 without the support member 11 and the connecting member 12 is the second window structure 132. In some embodiments, the first window structure 131 and the second window structure 132 are independent of each other.

[0067] In some embodiments, the first open-loop support member 1151 and the second open-loop support member 1152 have different circumferential lengths. For example, the circumferential length of the first open-loop support member 1151 is greater than the circumferential length of the second open-loop support member 1152. When the vascular stent 10 is implanted in the thoracic and abdominal aorta, the first fenestration structure 131 may correspond to at least one of the celiac artery, the superior mesenteric artery, etc. of the aortic vessel, and the second fenestration structure 132 may correspond to at least one of the left renal artery, the right renal artery, etc. of the aortic vessel. When the vascular stent 10 is implanted in the aortic arch, the first fenestration structure 131 may correspond to the left common carotid artery, and the second fenestration structure 132 may correspond to the left subclavian artery.

[0068] In some embodiments, the connecting bone 14 may also axially connect all the support members 11. The connecting bone 14 may not axially connect all the closed-loop support members 114, and only part of the distal first closed-loop support member 1141 and part of the proximal second closed-loop support member 1142 are axially connected to the connecting bone 14, that is, part of the closed-loop support members are not connected to the connecting bone 14, and the flexibility of a part of the vascular stent 10 can be retained.

[0069] The fourth embodiment provides a vascular stent, wherein the vascular stent 10 includes a first surrounding segment 1011, a first window segment 1021, a second surrounding segment 1012, a second window segment 1022, and a third surrounding segment 1013 in order from near to far in the axial direction, and adjacent support members 11 are connected by a connecting member 12. The window segment 102 includes at least one open-loop support member 115 in the circumferential direction. There are six connecting bones 14, and each window segment 102 includes at least one window structure 13.

[0070] See also Figure 7 The first surrounding section 1011 includes three first closed-loop support members 1141 in the axial direction, and the second surrounding section 1012 includes a second closed-loop support member 1142. The third surrounding section 1013 includes three third closed-loop support members 1143 in the axial direction. The first window section 1021 includes a first open-loop support member 1151 in the axial direction, and the open-loop ends 117 of the first open-loop support member 1151 are respectively the first open-loop end 1171 and the second open-loop end 1172, and the second window section 1022 includes a second open-loop support member 1152 and a third open-loop support member 1153 in the circumferential direction. The open-loop ends 117 of the second open-loop support member 1152 are respectively the third open-loop end 1173 and the fourth open-loop end 1174. The open-loop ends 117 of the third open-loop support member 1153 are respectively the fifth open-loop end 1175 and the sixth open-loop end 1176.

[0071] There are six connecting bones 14, namely, a first connecting bone 141, a second connecting bone 142, a third connecting bone 143, a fourth connecting bone 144, a fifth connecting bone 145 and a sixth connecting bone 146. The first connecting bone 141 sequentially and from near to far along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10 fixes and connects a first closed-loop support 1141 at the distal end, a first open-loop end 1171 of a first open-loop support 1151 and a second closed-loop support 1142. The second connecting bone 142 sequentially and from near to far along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10 fixes and connects a first closed-loop support 1141, a second open-loop end 1172 of a first open-loop support 1151 and a second closed-loop support 1142. The third connecting bone 143 sequentially and from near to far along the axial direction of the vascular stent 10 fixes and connects a second closed-loop support 1142, a third open-loop end 1173 of a second open-loop support 1152 and a third closed-loop support 1143 at the proximal end. The fourth connecting bone 144 sequentially and fixedly connects a second closed-loop support member 1142, a fifth open-loop end 1175 of a third open-loop support member 1153, and a third closed-loop support member 1143 at the proximal end, in the axial direction of the vascular stent 10. The fifth connecting bone 145 sequentially and fixedly connects a second closed-loop support member 1142, a sixth open-loop end 1176 of a third open-loop support member 1153, and a third closed-loop support member 1143 at the proximal end, in the axial direction of the vascular stent 10. The sixth connecting bone 146 sequentially and fixedly connects a second closed-loop support member 1142, a fourth open-loop end 1174 of a second open-loop support member 1152, and a third closed-loop support member 1143 at the proximal end, in the axial direction of the vascular stent 10.

[0072] The area between the first connecting bone 141 and the second connecting bone 142 without the support member 11 and the connecting member 12 is the first fenestration structure 131. The area between the third connecting bone 143 and the fourth connecting bone 144 without the support member 11 and the connecting member 12 is the second fenestration structure 132. The area between the fifth connecting bone 145 and the sixth connecting bone 146 without the support member 11 and the connecting member 12 is the third fenestration structure 133. In some embodiments, the first fenestration structure 131, the second fenestration structure 132 and the third fenestration structure 133 are independent of each other. When the vascular stent 10 is implanted in the thoracic and abdominal aorta, the first fenestration structure 131 can correspond to the celiac artery and / or the superior mesenteric artery of the aortic vessel, the second fenestration structure 132 can correspond to the left renal artery of the aortic vessel, and the third fenestration structure 133 can correspond to the right renal artery of the aortic vessel.

[0073] In some embodiments, the connecting bone 14 axially connects all the support members 11, or the connecting bone 14 does not axially connect all the closed-loop support members 114, and only a portion of the distal first closed-loop support member 1141 and a portion of the proximal second closed-loop support member 1142 are axially connected to the connecting bone 14, that is, some closed-loop support members are not connected to the connecting bone 14, so that the flexibility of a portion of the vascular stent 10 can be retained.

[0074] It can be understood that the arrangement of the surrounding segment 101 and the fenestration segment 102 of the vascular stent, the size, number, spatial distribution position of the fenestration structure 13, etc. can be changed according to the involvement of the lesion, the clock position of the spatial distribution between the branch arterial vessels, the opening height, etc., and can be determined according to the specific anatomical structure of the patient to select the most suitable vascular stent 10. A developing structure can also be set at the circumferential position of the fenestration structure 13 of the vascular stent 10, so that the operator can observe and monitor the relative position relationship between the fenestration structure and the branch arterial vessels under X-rays to ensure the accuracy of the release and positioning of the vascular stent 10.

[0075] Another embodiment of the present application provides a stent system, comprising a stent graft 20 and a vascular stent 10 of any of the above embodiments. The vascular stent 10 is inserted into at least one of the proximal end and the distal end of the stent graft 20; the stent graft 20 comprises a tubular coating 21 and a plurality of support frames 22 fixed to the tubular coating 21, and the plurality of support frames 22 are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular coating 21. Figure 8 , Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present application showing the application of a vascular stent 10 for the treatment of aortic dissection, wherein the vascular stent 10 is inserted into the distal end of the coated stent 20 to form a covering area, and the proximal coated stent 20 is used to block the proximal rupture of the type B dissection, reduce the pressure in the false lumen, and promote thrombosis in the false lumen. The vascular stent 10 is placed at the distal end of the coated stent and partially overlaps with the coated stent 20 to reshape the true lumen of the blood vessel, and the window structure 13 corresponds to the celiac trunk artery and the superior mesenteric artery of the aortic vessel, which can ensure smooth blood flow in the visceral arteries and promote accelerated thrombosis in the distal false lumen.

[0076] The above disclosure is only a preferred implementation mode of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the embodiments of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A vascular stent, characterized in that: It is a tubular structure having a proximal opening, a distal opening and an axially extending inner cavity, comprising: A plurality of support members in an annular wave-shaped structure, wherein the plurality of support members are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the vascular stent; A plurality of connecting members in an annular wave-shaped structure, wherein the connecting members are connected and fixed to two axially adjacent supporting members; At least one window structure, wherein the support member and the connecting member are not included in the window structure; At least two connecting bones are connected to the plurality of supporting members along the peripheral wall of the vascular stent to form the circumferential boundary of the window structure.

2. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential length of the window structure is 6% to 70% of the circumferential length of the vascular stent, or the circumferential length of the window structure is 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the circumferential length of the vascular stent.

3. The vascular stent according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial length of the window structure is 1 to 3 times the circumferential length of the window structure.

4. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The window structure is generally in the shape of at least one of a rectangle, a trapezoid, a parallelogram or an irregular shape.

5. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting bone is substantially parallel to a longitudinal center line of the vascular stent.

6. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the connecting bone is 6 to 40 mm.

7. The vascular stent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support member includes a closed-loop support member and an open-loop support member, the vascular stent includes at least one surrounding segment and at least one window segment in the axial direction, the surrounding segment includes at least one closed-loop support member in the axial direction, the window segment includes at least one open-loop support member in the axial direction, the surrounding segment and the window segment are connected by the connecting member, the connecting bone is connected and fixed to at least one axially adjacent closed-loop support member and at least one open-loop support member, and the area between two circumferentially adjacent connecting bones without the support member and the connecting member is the window structure.

8. The vascular stent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The window section includes at least one window structure.

9. The vascular stent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The window section includes at least one open-loop support member on its circumference.

10. The vascular stent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The open-loop support member includes two open-loop ends, and at least the open-loop ends of the open-loop support member and the connecting bone form a fixing portion.

11. The vascular stent according to claim 10, characterized in that: The vascular stent includes a first surrounding segment, a first window segment and a second surrounding segment in sequence from near to far in the axial direction. The connecting bones have two, and the connecting bones are connected to at least one of the closed-loop support members at the distal end of the first surrounding segment, the open-loop end of the open-loop support member of the first window segment and at least one of the closed-loop support members at the proximal end of the second surrounding segment in sequence from near to far in the axial direction.

12. The vascular stent according to claim 11, characterized in that: The connecting bone is connected to all the closed-loop support members of the first surrounding segment, all the open-loop support members of the first window segment and all the closed-loop support members of the second surrounding segment in sequence from near to far in the axial direction.

13. The vascular stent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The window structures include at least two, and at least two of the window structures are interconnected.

14. The vascular stent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The window structures include at least two, and the at least two window structures are not connected to each other.

15. A stent system, comprising a stent graft and a vascular stent according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The vascular stent is inserted into at least one of the proximal end and the distal end of the coated stent; the coated stent includes a tubular coating and a plurality of support frames fixed to the tubular coating, and the plurality of support frames are arranged along the axial direction of the tubular coating.

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