Wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve

Abstract

The utility model provides a wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve, which comprises a valve rod and a valve body, the valve rod is fixedly connected with the top of the valve body, the valve body comprises a sealing conical surface, a rod part micro pit is arranged in the area where the surface of the middle of the valve rod is matched with a valve guide pipe, and the rod part micro pit is arranged in the sealing conical surface. And circular conical surface micro pits are uniformly distributed on the sealing conical surface along the circumferential direction. The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve has the advantages that the laser micro-weaving technology is utilized, and the annular groove and the micro pits are machined in the middle area of the surface of the valve rod, so that the dual effects of oil storage and fluid dynamic force coupling gain can be achieved. The micro pits are machined in the conical surface of the valve to play a role in oil storage, so that the purpose of strengthening wear resistance is achieved. Lubricating, antifriction and wear-resisting performance of the valve is remarkably improved, the problem that a valve guide rod and a conical surface are prone to being abraded and failing under the heavy-load working condition is solved, and wear-resisting performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an internal combustion engine component, in particular to an internal combustion engine valve with a micro-texture structure on the surface, belonging to the technical field of internal combustion engines. Background Art

[0002] As the part with the worst working environment in the valve mechanism, the working reliability of the valve has always been one of the important topics in engine research. The valve includes the valve stem and the valve body. Its function is to control the gas in and out of the cylinder and seal the combustion chamber during the operation of the engine. During the operation of the engine, the engine has to withstand hundreds or even thousands of mechanical loads and thermal shocks every minute. When the valve is closed, it will be subject to the static pressure given by the gas pressure in the cylinder. When the valve is working, it will generate a high working temperature. The working temperature of the intake valve is about 200-450℃, and the working temperature of the exhaust valve is generally 600-800℃. The working temperature of some exhaust valves even reaches 850-900℃. The material of the valve is prone to creep in a high temperature environment. Under the impact of repeated reciprocating motion, the valve cone and the surface of the gas stem will be worn, the head will crack and fall off, and in severe cases, ablation and fracture will occur. Valve wear can lead to poor sealing of the combustion chamber, directly affecting the engine's economy and emission performance. Accidents caused by valve wear or breakage may require the replacement of the valve and the entire valve mechanism at the very least, or even the entire engine at the worst.

[0003] The valve consists of a valve stem and a valve body. When the valve moves back and forth at high speed in the internal combustion engine, the valve stem will produce friction with the valve guide, and the sealing cone surface of the valve body will produce friction with the inner cone surface of the valve seat ring, thereby affecting the service life of the entire valve structure. The key area refers to the area on the valve stem that moves with the valve guide and the sealing cone surface of the valve body.

[0004] Chinese patent CN205445712U discloses a valve guide. The valve guide has an oil storage cavity at the upper end of the main body. The oil storage cavity is an inclined surface arranged at the upper end of the valve guide body. A semi-open oil storage cavity is formed between the inclined surface and the outer surface of the valve stem. The oil storage cavity is funnel-shaped. Although this technical solution can quickly store lubricating oil and make the oil film between the valve and the valve guide evenly distributed, it also increases the possibility of impurities mixing into the oil storage cavity, which is not conducive to protecting the surface quality of the valve stem and the life of the guide rod.

[0005] Another patent CN108729972A discloses a slot-type engine valve structure. This technical solution improves the lubrication effect of the valve by setting a through slot on the valve stem, allowing lubricating oil to enter the slot, ensuring that the valve can continue to operate when there is no lubricating oil or the oil supply is not smooth, and increasing the surface area of ​​the valve, so that the heat dissipation effect is better and the weight of the valve is reduced. However, this technical solution loses a certain width due to the slender through slot, resulting in problems such as slow flow rate, small oil storage, and difficulty in oil storage when storing oil, which is not conducive to achieving the purpose of rapid lubrication. Summary of the invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art. The utility model adopts the new technology of laser micro-weaving, arranges annular grooves and micro-pits on the surface of the valve stem, and utilizes the coupling gain effect of the annular grooves and micro-pits on the stem in fluid dynamic lubrication to form a stable lubricating oil film between the valve stem and the valve guide; arranges a conical surface micro-pit texture on the valve cone surface to form a fluid dynamic lubricating oil film by utilizing the extrusion effect generated, thereby reducing the friction and wear of the cone surface.

[0007] Technical solution: A wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve, including a valve stem and a valve body, wherein the valve stem is fixedly connected to the top of the valve body, the valve body includes a sealing cone surface, the middle surface of the valve stem and the area where the valve guide cooperates are provided with stem micro-pits, and the sealing cone surface is evenly distributed with circular cone micro-pits along the circumferential direction.

[0008] The utility model cooperates with the valve stem and the valve guide rod. During the friction and extrusion process, the valve stem transmits oil to the micro-pit texture of the stem part through its own annular groove to form a very thin lubricating oil film to achieve the effect of wear resistance.

[0009] Preferably, in order to better store oil in the micro-pits at the bottom of the rod, the micro-pits at the rod deepen in depth from top to bottom along the axial direction.

[0010] Preferably, in order to make the thickness of the lubricating oil film obtained on each surface layer uniform, the micro-pits on the stem are distributed in a circle, and the depths of the micro-pits on the stem in the same circle are the same.

[0011] Preferably, in order to keep the oil storage capacity of each layer consistent, the inner cross-sectional structures of the micro-pits in the rod portion are the same.

[0012] Preferably, due to factors such as gravity, squeezing effect, friction, etc., oil droplets easily slide downward. In order to reduce the waste of oil droplets, the inner cross-sectional size of the micro-pits on the stem increases from top to bottom along the axial direction of the valve stem.

[0013] Preferably, in order to allow the valve stem region to have a certain amount of oil storage to facilitate oil supply to the micro-pits on the stem, the valve stem and valve guide matching region is provided with at least two layers of annular grooves.

[0014] Preferably, in order to ensure that the amount of oil produced by squeezing each layer is the same and the thickness of the lubricating oil film is consistent, the depth of each layer of the annular groove is equal.

[0015] Preferably, in order to achieve the dual purpose of storing oil and forming a stable lubricating oil film, the micro-pits and annular grooves on the rod are arranged alternately in sequence.

[0016] Preferably, in order to form a stable lubricating oil bun on the edge of the sealing cone, the depth of each layer of the micro-pits on the cone is equal.

[0017] Preferably, since the edge of the sealing cone surface is a sloped structure, the oil droplets may fall due to the collision with the valve seat ring due to gravity. To avoid excessive waste of oil droplets, the depth of each layer of the conical surface micro-pits is shallower at the top and deeper at the bottom in the axial direction of the outer edge of the sealing cone surface.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve described in the utility model utilizes laser micro-weaving technology to process annular grooves and micro-pit textures in the middle area of ​​the valve stem surface, so that the dual effects of oil storage and fluid dynamic coupling gain can be exerted. Processing the micro-pit structure on the valve cone surface can play the role of oil storage, thereby achieving the purpose of enhancing wear resistance. The utility model significantly improves the lubrication, friction reduction and wear resistance of the valve, solves the problem of valve guide rods and cone surfaces being prone to wear failure under heavy load conditions, and improves wear resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve;

[0021] Figure 2 A partial example diagram of the arrangement of semicircular micro-pits and annular grooves on the valve stem of a wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve;

[0022] Figure 3 A partial example diagram of the arrangement of double-layer semicircular micro-pits and annular grooves of a valve stem of a wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve;

[0023] Figure 4A partial example diagram of the arrangement of double-layered teardrop-shaped micro-pits and annular grooves on the valve stem of a wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial enlarged view of the conical circular groove of a wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve includes a valve stem 1 and a valve body 2, wherein the valve stem 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the valve body 2, the valve body 2 includes a sealing cone 4, and the middle surface of the valve stem 1 is provided with a stem micro-pit 3 structure in the area where the valve guide cooperates with the valve guide, and the sealing cone surface 4 of the valve body 2 is evenly distributed with a circle of cone micro-pits 5 along the circumferential direction. Example

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the micro-pits 3 structure on the rod and the annular grooves 6 are arranged alternately in sequence.

[0030] The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve described herein has an annular groove 6 of the valve stem 1 with a groove depth range of 8-13um, a micro-pit structure depth range of 3-8um, and a positive correlation between the depth of the annular circular groove and the depth range of the micro-pit. When the depth of the annular groove is 5um, the depth of the micro-pit is 8um. At this time, when the two are squeezed together, the formed lubricating oil bun and oil storage effect are the best. However, within the numerical range, this arrangement can still achieve good results. Example

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, in the wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve, the valve stem 1 and the valve guide matching area are provided with a stem micro-pit 3 structure and an annular groove 6, and the two are arranged in an alternating "1212" arrangement.

[0032] In the wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve, the depth of the annular groove of the valve stem 1 is in the range of 8-13um, the depth of the semicircular micro-pit structure is in the range of 4-9um, and the depth of the annular groove is positively correlated with the depth range of the micro-pit. When the depth of the annular circular groove is 10um, the depth of the semicircular micro-pit is 6um. The unique two-row micro-pit structure and the arrangement of the annular groove will be more rapid and effective in the process of oil storage and oil film formation, so that the micro-pits can produce oil film in a shorter time, achieving the effect of lubrication and wear resistance. Example

[0033] like Figure 4 The figure shows a partial example of the arrangement of the double-layer teardrop-shaped micro-pits and the annular grooves 6 of the valve stem 1 of a wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve; the arrangement of the two is alternating in a "1212" pattern.

[0034] In the wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve, the depth of the annular groove of the valve stem 1 is in the range of 8-13um, the depth of the water droplet-shaped micro-pit structure is in the range of 4-9um, and the depth of the annular groove is positively correlated with the depth range of the micro-pit. When the depth of the annular circular groove is 10um, the depth of the water droplet-shaped micro-pit is 6um. Due to the unique water droplet-shaped micro-pit structure and the arrangement of the annular groove, the process of storing oil and forming an oil film is more rapid and effective, so that the micro-pit can produce an oil film in a shorter time, achieving a lubricating and wear-resistant effect. Example

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, the depth of each layer of the conical surface micro-pits 5 remains consistent.

[0036] In the wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve, the sealing cone surface 4 is evenly distributed with a circular cone surface micro-pit 5 structure along the circumferential direction, and the depth of each layer of the cone surface micro-pit 5 is shallower at the front and deeper at the bottom in the axial direction of the outer edge of the cone surface. The number of layers of micro-pits can be adjusted according to the actual edge thickness.

[0037] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve, comprising a valve stem (1) and a valve body (2), characterized in that: The valve stem (1) is fixedly connected to the top of the valve body (2); the valve body (2) comprises a sealing cone surface (4); a stem micro-pit (3) is provided in the area where the middle surface of the valve stem (1) cooperates with the valve guide; and the sealing cone surface (4) is evenly distributed with circular cone micro-pits (5) along the circumferential direction.

2. The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-pits (3) on the stem are distributed in a circle, and the micro-pits (3) on the stem in the same circle have the same depth.

3. The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-pits (3) on the rod portion are gradually deepened from top to bottom along the axial direction.

4. The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cross-sectional structures of the micro-pits (3) on the rod portion are the same.

5. The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cross-sectional size of the micro-pit (3) on the stem portion increases sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction of the valve stem (1).

6. The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The matching area between the valve stem (1) and the valve guide tube is provided with at least two layers of annular grooves (6).

7. The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The depth of each layer of the annular groove (6) is equal.

8. The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve according to claim 7, characterized in that: The micro-pits (3) and the annular grooves (6) on the rod are arranged alternately in sequence.

9. The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of each circle of the conical surface micro-pits (5) is equal.

10. The wear-resistant internal combustion engine valve according to claim 9, characterized in that: The depth of each circle of the conical surface micro-pits (5) is gradually shallower at the top and deeper at the bottom along the axial direction of the outer edge of the sealing conical surface (4).

Images