Aluminum shell power battery top cover plate, battery and battery pack thereof

Abstract

The utility model discloses an aluminum shell power battery top cover plate, a battery and a battery pack thereof, the top cover plate comprises a top cover base plate, two sides of the top cover base plate are provided with a positive pole and a negative pole, the top cover base plate is provided with fire extinguishing holes close to the end part, the bottom of the top cover base plate is provided with an insulating part, the insulating part is provided with a sealing structure, and the sealing structure is connected with the top cover base plate. The sealing structure is located at the bottom of the fire extinguishing hole, an anti-explosion valve is arranged in the center of the bottom of the top cover base plate, and a fire extinguishing hole metal component is further arranged on the fire extinguishing hole. The top cover is provided with the fire extinguishing hole structure, compared with external liquid cooling for preventing heat propagation of the battery cell, the heat propagation inhibiting effect is higher, a fire extinguishing agent can be directly injected into the battery cell, the initial stage fire hazard of out-of-control of the battery is conveniently extinguished, and the fire extinguishing holes are formed in the two sides of the base plate of the top cover, so that the multi-loop fire extinguishing effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of batteries, and relates to a power battery, in particular to an aluminum shell power battery top cover plate, a battery and a battery pack thereof. Background Art

[0002] Existing methods for preventing heat propagation in power batteries include using insulation materials or liquid cooling plates between power batteries to suppress excessive heat propagation between batteries. A more advanced method is to arrange liquid cooling pipes on the battery explosion-proof valves. When the battery thermally runs away, the high-temperature gas from thermal runaway melts the liquid cooling pipes, and the coolant flows into and outside the battery, cooling the runaway battery and preventing heat propagation between batteries.

[0003] During the thermal runaway of the battery, the runaway gas generated has a very high pressure. The appearance of a liquid flow channel above the explosion-proof valve may cause gas accumulation in the battery. During the thermal runaway propagation process in the battery, lateral heat propagation occurs preferentially, and the battery casing is burned through, triggering a chain thermal runaway process for nearby batteries. In particular, when the battery pack undergoes thermal runaway when subjected to external stress, the battery liquid cooling pipe may leak, and the coolant cannot be accurately injected into the battery. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model first provides an aluminum shell power battery top cover plate, and a fire extinguishing hole is arranged on the battery cover plate. The fire extinguishing hole is distinguished by an explosion-proof valve, and its opening pressure is lower than the opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve. The fire extinguishing holes are arranged on both sides of the battery cell, which can meet the function of multi-circuit injection of cooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0005] The utility model also provides an aluminum shell power battery comprising the top cover plate, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.

[0006] The utility model finally provides a battery pack including the aluminum shell power battery.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The utility model first provides an aluminum shell power battery top cover plate, the top cover plate includes a top cover substrate, positive poles and negative poles are arranged on both sides of the top cover substrate, fire extinguishing holes are arranged near the ends of the top cover substrate, an insulating member is arranged at the bottom of the top cover substrate, a sealing structure is arranged on the insulating member, the sealing structure is located at the bottom of the fire extinguishing hole, an explosion-proof valve is arranged at the center of the bottom of the top cover substrate, and a fire extinguishing hole metal component is also arranged on the fire extinguishing hole.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the fire extinguishing holes are respectively located between the positive pole and the edge of the top cover substrate and between the negative pole and the edge of the top cover substrate.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the utility model, positive and negative electrode connecting sheets are further provided below the insulating member.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the distance between the fire extinguishing holes and the edge of the respective top cover substrates is greater than 3 mm.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the utility model, an insulating member protruding part is provided at the end of the insulating member.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the utility model, the fire extinguishing hole metal component is welded and sealed on the top cover substrate with a low melting point metal, and an exhaust hole is provided on the metal component.

[0014] The utility model also provides an aluminum shell power battery, comprising a battery shell, wherein a battery core is arranged in the battery shell, and also comprising the aluminum shell power battery top cover plate.

[0015] The utility model also provides a battery pack, including a battery pack unit, a liquid cooling plate and a liquid cooling plate side channel, each battery pack unit is provided with the above-mentioned aluminum shell power battery, wherein adjacent aluminum shell power batteries are provided with module connecting pieces.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) The utility model has a fire extinguishing hole structure on the top cover, which has a more efficient heat transfer suppression effect than external liquid cooling to prevent heat transfer of the battery core.

[0018] 2) The utility model can directly inject the fire extinguishing agent into the battery cell, which is convenient for extinguishing the initial fire caused by battery out of control.

[0019] 3) The utility model has fire extinguishing holes on both sides of the top cover substrate, which has a multi-circuit fire extinguishing function.

[0020] 4) Existing battery fire suppression technology usually sets a liquid cooling plate on the outside of the battery cell. After the battery thermal runaway, the liquid cooling plate ruptures and the coolant flows out, which plays a role in extinguishing the fire. In fact, the amount of coolant carried by the whole vehicle is limited, which can slow down the fire to a certain extent. It is difficult to suppress the combustion of the whole vehicle after the liquid cooling plate ruptures. The newer liquid cooling plate technology includes a technical solution of injecting fire extinguishing agent from the battery explosion-proof valve. Considering that the explosion-proof valve is an exhaust device for battery thermal runaway, and the exhaust air flow pressure is very high, which will affect the injection of cooling fire extinguishing agent into the battery cell, so this solution is not completely reliable. Once the battery has a severe thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve is blocked, and the battery will accelerate the heat propagation speed in the thickness and width directions, so that the fire suppression effect cannot be achieved. The utility model starts a separate fire extinguishing hole on the top cover plate. In the early stage of battery thermal runaway, the gas production will melt the insulating sealing structure, and the metal component of the fire extinguishing hole will open the liquid cooling plate side channel to extinguish the fire. The coolant is injected into the battery cell through the fire extinguishing hole to quickly extinguish the fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top cover of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the power battery of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a battery pack of the present utility model.

[0024] In the figure, 1. top cover plate; 11. top cover substrate; 121. positive pole; 122. negative pole; 13. fire extinguishing hole; 131. metal component of fire extinguishing hole; 14. explosion-proof valve; 15. positive and negative electrode connecting plates; 16. insulating member; 161. sealing structure; 162. protruding part of insulating member; 2. battery case; 21. battery cell; 3. battery pack unit; 31. module connecting plate; 32. liquid cooling plate; 321. liquid cooling plate side channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to further understand the content of the utility model, the utility model is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant utility model, rather than to limit the utility model. It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The words "first", "second", etc. described in the present utility model are set for the convenience of describing the technical solution of the present utility model, and have no specific limiting effect. They are all general references and do not constitute a limiting effect on the technical solution of the present utility model. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other. In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the insides of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances. Multiple technical solutions in the same embodiment, and multiple technical solutions in different embodiments, can be arranged and combined to form new technical solutions that do not have contradictions or conflicts, all of which are within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] See also Figure 1 The utility model provides an aluminum shell power battery top cover plate, the top cover plate 1 includes a top cover substrate 11, positive poles 121 and negative poles 122 are arranged on both sides of the top cover substrate 11, fire extinguishing holes 13 are arranged near the ends of the top cover substrate 11, an insulating member 16 is arranged at the bottom of the top cover substrate 11, a sealing structure 161 is arranged on the insulating member 16, and the sealing structure 161 is located at the bottom of the fire extinguishing hole 13, an explosion-proof valve 14 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the top cover substrate 11, and a fire extinguishing hole metal component 131 is also arranged on the fire extinguishing hole 13. The fire extinguishing holes 13 are arranged on both sides of the top cover substrate 11, one is located on the outside of the positive pole 121, and the other is located on the outside of the negative pole 122.

[0029] The sealing structure 161 is bonded to the bottom of the fire extinguishing hole 13 by a low melting point polymer material, and a fire extinguishing hole metal component 131 is provided in the fire extinguishing hole 13, and the fire extinguishing hole metal component 131 is sealed on the top cover substrate 11 by welding with a low melting point metal. The end of the insulating member 16 is provided with an insulating member protruding part 162, and there are two insulating member protruding parts 162. A positive and negative electrode connecting piece 15 is also provided below the insulating member 16.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] See also Figure 2 This embodiment discloses an aluminum shell power battery, including a battery shell 2, in which a battery cell 21 is contained, and also includes the aluminum shell power battery top cover described in Example 1.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] See also Figure 3 This embodiment discloses a battery pack, including a battery pack unit 3. The aluminum shell power battery described in Example 2 is installed in the battery pack unit 3, and the connected power batteries are connected through a module connecting piece 31.

[0034] The fire extinguishing hole has the function that when thermal runaway of the battery occurs, the thermal runaway gas of the battery will melt the sealing structure near the fire extinguishing hole, and open the fire extinguishing hole in the liquid cooling plate through the air flow channel. The fire extinguishing agent enters the battery cell through the fire extinguishing hole, thereby suppressing the combustion inside the battery cell.

[0035] The fire extinguishing hole metal component 131 has excellent thermal conductivity and is provided with an exhaust hole. After the battery thermal runaway, it can quickly transfer heat to the liquid cooling plate side channel 321 of the battery pack and melt through the liquid cooling plate side channel 321. Under the action of pressure, the liquid in the liquid cooling plate 32 quickly flows into the fire extinguishing hole 13 and into the battery cell 21, which plays a role in quickly suppressing the internal combustion reaction of the battery. The gas produced by the thermal runaway of the battery and the fire extinguishing process is leaked from the explosion-proof valve 14, which plays a role in buffering the internal pressure of the battery shell.

[0036] The above schematically describes the present invention and its implementation methods, which are not restrictive. The drawings show only one implementation method of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and embodiments similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum shell power battery top cover plate, characterized in that: The top cover plate includes a top cover substrate, positive poles and negative poles are provided on both sides of the top cover substrate, fire extinguishing holes are provided near the ends of the top cover substrate, an insulating member is provided at the bottom of the top cover substrate, a sealing structure is provided on the insulating member, the sealing structure is located at the bottom of the fire extinguishing hole, an explosion-proof valve is provided at the center of the bottom of the top cover substrate, and a fire extinguishing hole metal component is also provided on the fire extinguishing hole.

2. The aluminum shell power battery top cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing holes are respectively located between the positive pole and the edge of the top cover substrate and between the negative pole and the edge of the top cover substrate.

3. The aluminum shell power battery top cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Positive and negative electrode connecting sheets are also provided below the insulating member.

4. The aluminum shell power battery top cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the fire extinguishing holes and the edge of the respective top cover substrates is greater than 3 mm.

5. The aluminum shell power battery top cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating member protruding part is provided at the end of the insulating member.

6. The aluminum shell power battery top cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing hole metal component is welded and sealed on the top cover base plate by using low melting point metal, and an exhaust hole is arranged on the metal component.

7. An aluminum shell power battery, characterized in that: It comprises a battery shell, in which a battery core is arranged, and also comprises the aluminum shell power battery top cover plate according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. A battery pack, characterized in that: It comprises a battery pack unit, a liquid cooling plate and a liquid cooling plate side channel, each battery pack unit is provided with the aluminum shell power battery according to claim 7, wherein adjacent aluminum shell power batteries are provided with module connecting pieces.

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