Soft start charging circuit and charging device
By setting a soft start unit at the negative electrode of the capacitor and using the coordination of the main control unit and the switch unit, the soft start of capacitor charging is achieved, solving the abnormal discharge problem caused by capacitor charging, and providing more efficient, low cost and high reliability Capacitor soft start solution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420009279.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-02
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, during the charging process, short-circuit current due to capacitance characteristics will cause oxidation wear of metal components, and electronic devices that use positive electrodes to turn on and off are costly, large in size and low in reliability.
By providing a soft start unit at the negative electrode of the capacitor, the main circuit of the current is controlled to realize soft start charging using the cooperation of the main control unit, the first switching unit and the second switching unit.
It effectively solves the abnormal discharge problem caused by capacitor charging, and provides a more efficient, low-cost and high-reliability capacitor soft start solution.
Smart Images
Figure CN222441369U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of charging circuits, and in particular to a soft-start charging circuit and a charging device. Background Art
[0002] With the development of electric tools, the demand for brushless tools with long life, high efficiency and high power is increasing. In the prior art, the requirements for high power and high efficiency are usually achieved by increasing the capacitance of capacitor devices. However, in the prior art, when using a large-capacity filter capacitor, at the moment of charging, due to the capacitance characteristics, a short-circuit current will be instantly generated, so that discharge will occur at the metal connection of the circuit, such as between the plug and the socket, and even electric sparks and sounds will be generated, causing oxidation and wear of metal parts. It is understandable that the instantaneous short circuit of a large-capacity capacitor will not only cause a poor user experience and reduce the service life of metal parts, but may also cause safety hazards in severe cases.
[0003] In the prior art, a soft start circuit is usually constructed by using an electronic device with a positive pole on and off. Such electronic devices are large in size, high in cost and low in reliability. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a soft-start charging circuit and a charging device, which solve the abnormal discharge caused by capacitor charging by performing soft-start charging at the negative electrode of the capacitor, and provide a more efficient, low-cost and highly reliable capacitor soft-start solution.
[0005] The utility model provides a technical solution:
[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a soft start charging circuit, which includes: a main control unit, a first switch unit, a soft start unit and a capacitor, wherein the capacitor and the soft start unit constitute a current main circuit; the soft start unit is connected in parallel with the first switch unit; the main control unit is electrically connected to the control end of the first switch unit; the main control unit is used to output a control signal; the first switch unit is used to adjust the working state of the soft start unit according to the control signal; wherein the soft start unit is arranged at the negative electrode of the capacitor.
[0007] Furthermore, the main control unit includes a microcontroller, a detection module and a soft start control module, and the microcontroller is electrically connected to the soft start control module and the detection module respectively; the detection module is also electrically connected to the capacitor to detect the voltage value of the capacitor and feed the voltage value back to the microcontroller; the microcontroller is used to start the soft start unit when the voltage value is less than a threshold value.
[0008] Further, the first switch unit includes a first power semiconductor device, wherein a control end of the first power semiconductor device is electrically connected to the main control unit to be turned on or off according to the control signal.
[0009] Furthermore, the control end of the first power semiconductor device is electrically connected to the main control unit, wherein when the main control unit outputs a first control signal, the first power semiconductor device is turned off; when the main control unit outputs a second control signal, the first power semiconductor device is turned on; and the first control signal and the second control signal are opposite signals.
[0010] Furthermore, the soft start unit includes a resistor.
[0011] Furthermore, the soft start charging circuit also includes a second switch unit, which is arranged in series with the soft start unit, wherein the control end of the second switch unit is connected to the main control unit to be turned on or off according to the control signal.
[0012] Further, the control end of the second switch unit is connected to the main control unit; wherein, when the main control unit outputs the first control signal, the second switch unit is turned on;
[0013] When the main control unit outputs the second control signal, the second switch unit is turned off.
[0014] Furthermore, the second switch unit includes a second power semiconductor device.
[0015] Furthermore, the soft start charging circuit further includes a second switch unit, which is arranged in series with the soft start unit, wherein the output power of the second switch unit is less than the output power of the first switch unit.
[0016] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a charging device, comprising a load unit and a soft start charging circuit as described in any one of the first aspects above, wherein the soft start unit in the soft start charging circuit is arranged at the negative electrode of the capacitor.
[0017] The beneficial effects of a soft start charging circuit and a charging device provided by the utility model are:
[0018] The utility model provides a soft start charging circuit and a charging device, which relate to the technical field of charging circuits. The soft start charging circuit includes: a main control unit, a first switch unit, a soft start unit and a capacitor, wherein the capacitor and the soft start unit constitute a current main circuit; the soft start unit is connected in parallel with the first switch unit; the main control unit and the first switch unit are electrically connected to the switch unit; the main control unit is used to output a control signal; the first switch unit is used to adjust the working state of the soft start unit according to the control signal; wherein the soft start unit is arranged at the negative electrode of the capacitor, so as to perform soft start charging at the negative electrode of the capacitor to solve the abnormal discharge caused by the capacitor charging, and provide a more efficient, low-cost and highly reliable capacitor soft start solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0020] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the soft start charging circuit provided in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0021] Figure 2 The second structural schematic diagram of the soft start charging circuit provided in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0022] Figure 3 The third structural schematic diagram of the soft start charging circuit provided in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0023] Figure 4 The fourth structural schematic diagram of the soft start charging circuit provided in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0024] Figure 5 This is a fifth structural diagram of the soft start charging circuit provided in an embodiment of the utility model.
[0025] Figure 6 The sixth structural diagram of the soft start charging circuit provided in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0026] Icon: 100 - Soft start charging circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.
[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0031] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0032] As described in the background technology, in order to solve the abnormal discharge caused by the capacitor charging process, the prior art will soft charge the capacitor, so it will put forward higher requirements for the soft start of the large capacitor, such as low cost, high reliability, etc.; usually the soft start circuit is set at the positive electrode of the capacitor. Based on this, electronic devices that are switched on and off at the positive electrode are usually selected, such as P-type semiconductor devices or relay-type magnetic core devices. However, this type of electronic devices that are switched on and off at the positive electrode are high in cost, large in size and low in reliability.
[0033] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a soft start charging circuit and a charging device, which provides a more efficient, low-cost and highly reliable capacitor soft start solution by setting a soft start unit at the negative electrode of the capacitor to perform soft start charging at the negative end of the capacitor to solve the abnormal discharge caused by capacitor charging.
[0034] Example
[0035] See also Figure 1 In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a soft start charging circuit, which includes: a main control unit, a first switch unit, a soft start unit and a capacitor, wherein the capacitor and the soft start unit constitute a current main circuit; the soft start unit is connected in parallel with the first switch unit; the main control unit is electrically connected to the first switch unit and the capacitor respectively; the main control unit is used to output a control signal; the first switch unit is used to adjust the working state of the soft start unit according to the control signal; wherein the soft start unit is arranged at the negative electrode of the capacitor.
[0036] In a feasible embodiment, the soft start unit is arranged at the negative end of the capacitor, wherein the soft start unit is connected in parallel with the first switch unit, the negative electrode of the capacitor can be connected and disconnected with the main circuit by turning on and off the first switch unit, and the positive electrode of the capacitor is connected to the main circuit, wherein the main circuit is a current circuit formed by the current main circuit and the load.
[0037] The main control unit is electrically connected to the first switch unit, and is used for outputting a control signal so that the first switch unit adjusts the working state of the soft start unit according to the control signal.
[0038] See also Figure 2 In an achievable embodiment, the main control unit includes a microcontroller, a detection module and a soft start control module, and the microcontroller is electrically connected to the soft start control module and the detection module respectively; the detection module is also electrically connected to the capacitor to detect the voltage value of the capacitor and feed the voltage value back to the microcontroller; the microcontroller is used to start the soft start unit when the voltage value is less than a threshold value.
[0039] In this embodiment, the main control unit includes a microcontroller, a detection module and a soft start control module, wherein the microcontroller can be a single chip microcomputer to obtain the voltage value of the detection module, and judge the size of the voltage value and the preset voltage value. If it is less than, a first control signal can be issued to conduct through the soft start control module to charge the capacitor in the current main circuit. If it is greater than, a first control signal can be issued to turn off the soft start control module, and the capacitor is used for normal large-capacity discharge. In this embodiment, the voltage value corresponding to the capacity of the capacitor can be directly used as the preset voltage value, that is, the voltage value of the capacitor obtained by the detection module can be used by the microcontroller to judge the size of the real-time monitored voltage value and the preset voltage value. If it is less than the voltage value corresponding to the capacity of the capacitor, the capacitor is continued to be charged by the soft start unit. In a feasible embodiment, the microcontroller can be a single chip microcomputer to perform a simple voltage value size judgment. In the embodiment of the present application, the microprocessor only needs to receive the detection value of the detection module, and judge the size according to the preset voltage value, so as to output the corresponding control signal according to the judgment result.
[0040] See also Figure 3 In an achievable embodiment, the first switch unit includes a first power semiconductor device Q1, wherein a control end of the first power semiconductor device Q1 is electrically connected to a main control unit so as to be turned on or off according to a control signal.
[0041] In this embodiment, the first power semiconductor device Q1 can be a high-power semiconductor device, and the power value can match the capacitor. In a feasible implementation, the first power semiconductor device Q1 can be an N-type semiconductor, which has mature technology, high reliability and low cost, thereby greatly reducing the cost of the soft start charging circuit 100 and improving reliability without changing a large number of circuit components and structures.
[0042] In a feasible embodiment, the control end of the first power semiconductor device Q1 is electrically connected to the main control unit, wherein when the main control unit outputs a first control signal, the first power semiconductor device Q1 is turned off; when the main control unit outputs a second control signal, the first power semiconductor device Q1 is turned on; the first control signal and the second control signal are opposite signals.
[0043] In this embodiment, it can be understood that the microprocessor obtains the voltage value of the capacitor through the detection module, determines the size of the real-time monitored voltage value and the preset voltage value, and if it is less than the preset voltage value, the microprocessor outputs a first control signal to turn off the first power semiconductor device Q1 to charge the capacitor through the soft start unit; otherwise, the microprocessor outputs a second control signal to turn on the first power semiconductor device Q1, connect the capacitor to the main circuit, power the load in the main circuit through the capacitor, and provide a filtering function.
[0044] See also Figure 4 In one feasible embodiment, the soft start unit includes a resistor R1.
[0045] In this embodiment, the soft start unit may be a resistor R1, and the resistor R1 is a high resistance device.
[0046] See also Figure 5 In an achievable embodiment, the soft start charging circuit 100 further includes a second switch unit, which is arranged in series with the soft start unit, wherein the control end of the second switch unit is connected to the main control unit to be turned on or off according to the control signal. In an achievable embodiment, the control end of the second switch unit is connected to the main control unit; wherein, when the main control unit outputs the first control signal, the second switch unit is turned on; and when the main control unit outputs the second control signal, the second switch unit is turned off.
[0047] See also Figure 6 In one feasible embodiment, the second switch unit includes a second power semiconductor device Q2.
[0048] In this embodiment, the microprocessor obtains the voltage value of the capacitor through the detection module, and determines the size of the real-time monitored voltage value and the preset voltage value. If it is less than the preset voltage value, the microprocessor outputs a first control signal to turn off the first power semiconductor device Q1 and turn on the second power semiconductor device Q2 to charge the capacitor through the soft start unit; otherwise, the microprocessor outputs a second control signal to turn on the first power semiconductor device Q1 and turn off the second power semiconductor device Q2, and connect the capacitor to the main circuit to supply power to the load in the main circuit through the capacitor and provide filtering function. It can be understood that the second switch unit is to adjust the on and off of the soft start unit in the main circuit through the control signal of the main control unit.
[0049] In an achievable embodiment, the soft start charging circuit 100 further includes a second switch unit, which is arranged in series with the soft start unit, wherein the output power of the second switch unit is less than the output power of the first switch unit.
[0050] In summary, please refer to Figure 6 The embodiment of the present application provides a soft start charging circuit, which includes: a main control unit, a first switch unit, a soft start unit and a capacitor, wherein the capacitor and the soft start unit form a current main circuit; the soft start unit is connected in parallel with the first switch unit; the main control unit and the first switch unit are electrically connected to the switch unit; the main control unit is used to output a control signal; the first switch unit is used to adjust the working state of the soft start unit according to the control signal; wherein the soft start unit is arranged at the negative electrode of the capacitor. Its working principle can be understood as follows:
[0051] When the main circuit is powered on, a power-on instruction will be sent to the main control module. At this time, the microprocessor receives the power-on signal, and the detection module starts to detect. The soft start control module sends a control instruction to turn off the first power semiconductor device Q1 and turn on the second power semiconductor device Q2, that is, the current control instruction is the first control signal. At this time, the current is connected through the negative pole of the main circuit through a high resistance device, such as the above-mentioned resistor R1, and a small current is output to charge the capacitor. Until the microprocessor determines that the voltage value monitored in real time exceeds the preset and preset voltage values, the microprocessor outputs a second control signal. At this time, the first power semiconductor device Q1 is turned on, and the second power semiconductor device Q2 is turned off, and the capacitor is connected to the main circuit to discharge the capacitor. Based on this, a soft start charging circuit 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application solves the abnormal discharge caused by capacitor charging and provides a more efficient, low-cost and highly reliable capacitor soft start solution.
[0052] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a charging device, comprising a load unit and a soft start charging circuit 100 according to any one of the above-mentioned first aspects, wherein the soft start unit in the soft start charging circuit 100 is arranged at the negative electrode of the capacitor.
[0053] A charging device provided in this embodiment includes all the technical means and technical effects of the soft start charging circuit 100 in the first aspect above, that is, the abnormal discharge caused by capacitor charging is solved by soft start charging at the negative electrode of the capacitor, providing a more efficient, low-cost and highly reliable capacitor soft start solution.
[0054] In summary, the utility model provides a soft start charging circuit 100 and a charging device, which relate to the technical field of charging circuits. The soft start charging circuit 100 includes: a main control unit, a first switch unit, a soft start unit and a capacitor, wherein the capacitor and the soft start unit constitute a current main circuit; the soft start unit is connected in parallel with the first switch unit; the main control unit and the first switch unit are electrically connected to the switch unit; the main control unit is used to output a control signal; the first switch unit is used to adjust the working state of the soft start unit according to the control signal; wherein the soft start unit is arranged at the negative electrode of the capacitor, so as to perform soft start charging at the negative electrode of the capacitor to solve the abnormal discharge caused by the capacitor charging, and provide a more efficient, low-cost and highly reliable capacitor soft start solution.
[0055] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A soft start charging circuit, characterized in that: The soft start charging circuit comprises: a main control unit, a first switch unit, a soft start unit and a capacitor, wherein the capacitor and the soft start unit form a current main loop; the soft start unit is connected in parallel with the first switch unit; The main control unit is electrically connected to the control end of the first switch unit; the main control unit is used to output a control signal; The first switch unit is used to adjust the working state of the soft start unit according to the control signal; Wherein, the soft start unit is arranged at the negative electrode of the capacitor.
2. The soft start charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control unit includes a microcontroller, a detection module and a soft start control module, wherein the microcontroller is electrically connected to the soft start control module and the detection module respectively; the detection module is also electrically connected to the capacitor to detect the voltage value of the capacitor and feed the voltage value back to the microcontroller; The microcontroller is used for starting the soft start unit when the voltage value is less than a threshold value.
3. The soft start charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switch unit includes a first power semiconductor device, wherein a control end of the first power semiconductor device is electrically connected to the main control unit so as to be turned on or off according to the control signal.
4. The soft start charging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control end of the first power semiconductor device is electrically connected to the main control unit, wherein: When the main control unit outputs a first control signal, the first power semiconductor device is turned off; When the main control unit outputs a second control signal, the first power semiconductor device is turned on; The first control signal and the second control signal are opposite signals.
5. The soft start charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soft start unit includes a resistor.
6. The soft start charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soft start charging circuit also includes a second switch unit, which is arranged in series with the soft start unit, wherein a control end of the second switch unit is connected to the main control unit to be turned on or off according to the control signal.
7. The soft start charging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control end of the second switch unit is connected to the main control unit; wherein, When the main control unit outputs the first control signal, the second switch unit is turned on; When the main control unit outputs the second control signal, the second switch unit is turned off.
8. The soft start charging circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second switching unit includes a second power semiconductor device.
9. The soft start charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soft-start charging circuit further includes a second switch unit, which is arranged in series with the soft-start unit, wherein the output power of the second switch unit is less than the output power of the first switch unit.
10. A charging device, characterized in that: The charging device comprises a load unit and a soft start charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the soft start unit in the soft start charging circuit is arranged at the negative electrode of the capacitor.