Internal heating cell and battery
By using electromagnetic induction heating element and current collector in the internal heating cell of the lithium-ion battery, combined with external magnetic parts to generate an electromagnetic field, the problem of degradation of charge and discharge performance of lithium-ion batteries in low temperature environments is solved, and efficient battery heating is achieved. Reduces heat loss and production costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420297655.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-18
AI Technical Summary
The charging and discharging performance of lithium-ion batteries in low temperature environments has decreased, and the existing battery heating methods have large heat losses, making it difficult to improve heating efficiency.
Design an internal heating battery cell. By setting an electromagnetic induction heating element in the current collector and setting a magnetic part outside the battery cell housing, an electromagnetic field is generated to make the electromagnetic induction heating element heat the current collector, thereby quickly transferring heat to heat the battery cell. .
It greatly reduces heat loss, improves the heating efficiency of the battery cell, is suitable for use under multiple operating conditions, is not affected by the charge and discharge process, and reduces production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN222463089U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an internally heated battery cell and a battery. Background Art
[0002] With the development of science and technology, electric vehicles have been used more and more widely. At present, the energy storage module commonly used in the power battery of electric vehicles is lithium-ion battery. However, the migration and diffusion of ions and the fluidity of electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries will deteriorate in low temperature environments, which will lead to a decrease in battery charging and discharging performance. For example, when working in an environment below 0℃, the battery's charging and discharging capacity, time, energy, power, etc. will be reduced, and long-term use in low temperature environments will also trigger safety risks.
[0003] Therefore, in order to ensure the normal performance of the battery, the battery needs to be heated when used in a low temperature environment. Specifically, the battery can be heated by heat transfer using gas, fluid, or solid, or by heating the battery cell's own internal resistance. However, existing battery heating methods often have high heat losses and are easily affected by the battery's charge and discharge process, and cannot effectively improve the battery heating efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the present application provides an internally heated battery cell and a battery, which can improve the heating efficiency of the battery.
[0005] Specifically, the following technical solutions are included:
[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an internal heating cell, comprising:
[0007] A battery cell shell having a receiving cavity;
[0008] A battery cell body is disposed in the accommodating cavity, wherein the battery cell body comprises a current collector and an electromagnetic induction heating element disposed in the current collector, wherein the electromagnetic induction heating element is thermally connected to the current collector;
[0009] The magnetic member is arranged outside the battery core shell, and is used to generate an electromagnetic field so that the electromagnetic induction heating element can induce the electromagnetic field and generate heat.
[0010] In an optional embodiment, the electromagnetic induction heating element is an induction coil.
[0011] In an optional embodiment, there are multiple electromagnetic induction heating elements, and the multiple electromagnetic induction heating elements are distributed at intervals.
[0012] In an optional embodiment, the plurality of electromagnetic induction heating elements are evenly spaced apart along the length direction and the width direction of the current collector.
[0013] In an optional embodiment, the electromagnetic induction heating element is disposed inside the current collector.
[0014] In an optional embodiment, the electromagnetic induction heater is attached to the surface of the current collector.
[0015] In an optional embodiment, there are multiple electromagnetic induction heating elements, and the multiple electromagnetic induction heating elements are arranged on two surfaces of the current collector that are away from each other.
[0016] In an optional embodiment, the electromagnetic induction heating element is an electromagnetic induction heating coating, and the electromagnetic induction heating element is coated on the surface of the current collector.
[0017] In an optional embodiment, the electromagnetic induction heating element is a nanometal part.
[0018] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, comprising the internal heating cell provided by any embodiment of the first aspect.
[0019] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application include at least: by arranging the electromagnetic induction heating body in the current collector and arranging the magnetic part outside the battery cell shell, when the magnetic part generates an electromagnetic field, since the electromagnetic induction heating body is thermally connected to the current collector, the electromagnetic induction heating body will heat the current collector under the action of electromagnetic induction, and quickly transfer heat inside the internal heating battery cell, heating the battery cell from the inside out, greatly reducing heat loss and improving the heating efficiency of the battery cell; at the same time, the thermal conductivity network and thermal conductivity of the current collector itself can be utilized, eliminating other thermal conductive auxiliary materials, which is beneficial to reducing the production cost of the internal heating battery cell; and the internal heating battery cell is suitable for use under multiple working conditions, can achieve dual work separation, and is not affected by the charging and discharging process during the heating process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an internal heating cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the current collector provided in an embodiment of the present application in an unfolded state;
[0023] Figure 3 A side view of a current collector provided in one embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 4 A side view of a current collector provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present application.
[0025] The reference numerals in the figures represent respectively:
[0026] 1-cell shell; 11-accommodation cavity;
[0027] 2-cell body; 21-current collector; 22-electromagnetic induction heating element; 23-ear;
[0028] 3-magnetic component; 4-positive pole; 5-negative pole.
[0029] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0031] The directional nouns involved in the embodiments of the present application, such as "upper", "lower", "side", etc., are generally represented by Figure 1 The relative relationship of the orientation shown in the figure is used as the basis, and these orientation terms are used only to more clearly describe the relationship between structures, not to describe absolute orientation. When the product is placed in different postures, the orientation may change, for example, "up" and "down" may be interchangeable.
[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used in the embodiments of the present application have the same meanings as those generally understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. Some technical terms appearing in the embodiments of the present application are explained below.
[0033] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0034] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides an internally heated battery cell, comprising a battery cell housing 1 , a battery cell and a magnetic component 3 .
[0035] The battery cell shell 1 has a receiving cavity 11 . The battery shell can be made of metal material or other composite materials. The battery shell is provided with a positive electrode column 4 and a negative electrode column 5 .
[0036] The battery core is disposed in the accommodating cavity 11 , and includes a current collector 21 and an electromagnetic induction heating element 22 disposed in the current collector 21 , and the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is thermally connected to the current collector 21 .
[0037] The magnetic member 3 is disposed outside the battery cell housing 1 , and is used to generate an electromagnetic field so that the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is induced by the electromagnetic field and generates heat.
[0038] Specifically, the internal heating battery cell provided in the embodiment of the present application is a lithium-ion battery cell, which can be a stacked battery cell or a wound battery cell.
[0039] The current collector 21 includes a positive electrode current collector 21 and a negative electrode current collector 21. The current collector 21 can not only carry active materials, but also collect and output the current generated by the electrode active materials, which is beneficial to reduce the internal resistance of the battery cell and improve the coulomb efficiency, cycle stability and rate performance of the battery cell. Figure 2 As shown, the current collector 21 is connected to the pole tab 23 , which is a metal conductor that leads the positive and negative electrodes out of the battery body 2 . The positive pole tab 23 is electrically connected to the positive electrode column 4 , and the negative pole tab 23 is electrically connected to the negative electrode column 5 .
[0040] Exemplarily, the positive electrode current collector 21 is aluminum foil, and the negative electrode current collector 21 is copper foil.
[0041] The battery cell body 2 further includes a diaphragm, which is used to separate the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the internal heating battery cell to prevent the two electrodes from short-circuiting due to contact.
[0042] The electromagnetic induction heating element 22 can sense electromagnetic fields and generate heat, and can be made of metal materials, ceramic materials, plastic materials, graphite, cellulose and other materials that can be electromagnetically heated.
[0043] Exemplarily, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is an induction coil, an electromagnetic induction heating coating, or the like.
[0044] Exemplarily, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 may be disposed inside the current collector 21 , or may be disposed on the outer surface of the current collector 21 .
[0045] The magnetic member 3 is arranged outside the battery cell housing 1 . The magnetic member 3 can generate an alternating magnetic field when energized, so that the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 converts electromagnetic energy into thermal energy, thereby performing non-contact heating on the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 .
[0046] Exemplarily, the magnetic member 3 is electrically connected to a control module of the battery, and the control module can control the magnetic member 3 to be powered on or off, thereby controlling the internal heating core to heat or stop heating.
[0047] The existing method of heating the battery cell through external heat transfer by gas, liquid or solid is affected by the heating speed, heat transfer rate and heating uniformity of the battery cell. The heat exchange effect will inevitably be different if the battery cell is in different positions in the whole package, and the heating uniformity of the battery cell is poor.
[0048] In the prior art, the method of heating through the internal resistance of the battery cell itself can solve the problem of heating uniformity to a certain extent, but this method needs to consider the influence of the heating pulse current size, frequency, the internal resistance of the battery cell itself, etc., and the internal resistance of the battery cell is easily affected by factors such as temperature and SOC (state of charge), which makes the heat generation power easy to change.
[0049] The internally heated battery cell provided in the embodiment of the present application is configured such that the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is arranged in the current collector 21 and the magnetic member 3 is arranged outside the battery cell shell 1. When the magnetic member 3 generates an electromagnetic field, since the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is thermally connected to the current collector 21, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 heats the current collector 21 under the action of electromagnetic induction, and quickly transfers heat inside the internally heated battery cell, thereby heating the battery cell from the inside out, greatly reducing heat loss and improving the heating efficiency of the battery cell. At the same time, the thermal conductivity network and thermal conductivity of the current collector 21 can be utilized, eliminating other thermally conductive auxiliary materials, which is beneficial to reducing the production cost of the internally heated battery cell. In addition, the internally heated battery cell is suitable for use under multiple working conditions, can achieve dual work separation, and is not affected by the charging and discharging process during the heating process.
[0050] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is an induction coil.
[0051] Exemplarily, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is made of metal materials such as iron, steel, aluminum, copper, zinc, and nickel, and has high electromagnetic heating efficiency and is easy to control temperature.
[0052] The electromagnetic induction heating element 22 can be made of ready-made wire harness products, or can be made by vapor deposition, electrodeposition, or the like.
[0053] In a further embodiment, there are multiple electromagnetic induction heating elements 22, and the multiple electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 are distributed at intervals. Figure 2 As shown, twenty electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 are arranged in the current collector 21 , and the twenty electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 are distributed at intervals in the current collector 21 .
[0054] By providing a plurality of electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 , it is possible to achieve synchronous heat generation of the plurality of electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 in the current collector 21 , heat all parts of the current collector 21 simultaneously, and achieve uniform heating effect, thereby achieving rapid heat transfer of the current collector 21 in the accommodating cavity 11 .
[0055] In a further embodiment, the plurality of electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 are evenly spaced apart along the length direction and the width direction of the current collector 21 .
[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The horizontal direction in is the length direction of the current collector 21, Figure 2 The vertical direction in the figure is the width direction of the current collector 21, the distance between any two adjacent electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 arranged along the length direction of the current collector 21 is a fixed value, and the distance between any two adjacent electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 arranged along the width direction of the current collector 21 is a fixed value.
[0057] This arrangement further ensures that the heating effect at various locations of the current collector 21 is uniform, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of uneven temperature inside the internal heating cell.
[0058] In an optional embodiment, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is disposed inside the current collector 21 .
[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is embedded in the current collector 21, which helps to reduce the space occupied in the thickness direction of the current collector 21 and improve the heat transfer rate.
[0060] In another optional embodiment, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is attached to the surface of the current collector 21 .
[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is disposed on the outer surface of the current collector 21, which is easier to implement in terms of technology and is beneficial to improving the production efficiency of the internal heating battery cell.
[0062] Furthermore, there are multiple electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 , and the multiple electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 are arranged on two surfaces of the current collector 21 that are away from each other.
[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 are provided on two opposite surfaces of the current collector 21 along its thickness direction, which helps to improve the heating efficiency.
[0064] The electromagnetic induction heating elements 22 located on two surfaces of the current collector 21 facing away from each other may be arranged in an overlapping manner or in a staggered manner.
[0065] Overlapping means that in the orthographic projection formed by projecting light along the thickness direction of the current collector 21 , the contour line of the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 on one surface of the current collector 21 coincides with the contour line of the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 on the other surface of the current collector 21 .
[0066] The staggered arrangement means that in the orthographic projection formed by projecting light along the thickness direction of the current collector 21 , the contour line of the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 located on one surface of the current collector 21 is staggered with the contour line of the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 located on the other surface of the current collector 21 .
[0067] In a specific embodiment, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is an electromagnetic induction heating coating, and the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is coated on the surface of the current collector 21 .
[0068] Exemplarily, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is manufactured by vapor deposition, electrodeposition or the like.
[0069] Exemplarily, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is made of one or more metal materials such as nickel, chromium, tungsten, copper, and iron.
[0070] In this embodiment, by coating the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 on the surface of the current collector 21 , it is not only convenient for processing, but also helps to improve the uniformity of heating the current collector 21 and fully heat the battery cell body 2 .
[0071] In a further embodiment, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is a nanometal part, that is, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is a nanometal coil or a nanometal coating, which not only has good electrical and thermal conductivity, but also has a smaller size and a higher specific surface area, avoiding occupying a larger space.
[0072] An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery, comprising the internal heating cell provided by any of the above embodiments.
[0073] Specifically, the battery includes a battery shell, and there are multiple internal heating cells, which are integrated in the battery shell. The magnetic member 3 can be arranged inside the battery shell or outside the battery shell.
[0074] The battery provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with an electromagnetic induction heating element 22 in the current collector 21 and a magnetic element 3 outside the battery cell shell 1. When the magnetic element 3 generates an electromagnetic field, since the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 is thermally connected to the current collector 21, the electromagnetic induction heating element 22 heats the current collector 21 under the action of electromagnetic induction, and quickly transfers heat inside the internal heating battery cell, heating the battery cell from the inside out, greatly reducing heat loss and improving the heating efficiency of the battery cell; at the same time, the thermal conductivity network and thermal conductivity of the current collector 21 can be utilized, eliminating other thermal conductive auxiliary materials, which is beneficial to reducing the production cost of the internal heating battery cell; and the internal heating battery cell is suitable for use under multiple working conditions, can achieve dual work separation, and is not affected by the charging and discharging process during the heating process.
[0075] In the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, unless clearly defined otherwise.
[0076] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the present application disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present application, which follow the general principles of the present application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only.
[0077] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims
1. An internal heating battery cell, characterized in that: The internal heating cell comprises: A battery cell housing (1) having a receiving cavity (11); A battery cell body (2) is arranged in the accommodating cavity (11), the battery cell body (2) comprising a current collector (21) and an electromagnetic induction heating element (22) arranged in the current collector (21), the electromagnetic induction heating element (22) being thermally connected to the current collector (21); A magnetic component (3) is arranged outside the battery core shell (1), and the magnetic component (3) is used to generate an electromagnetic field so that the electromagnetic induction heating element (22) is induced by the electromagnetic field and generates heat.
2. The internal heating cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic induction heating element (22) is an induction coil.
3. The internal heating cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are a plurality of electromagnetic induction heating elements (22), and the plurality of electromagnetic induction heating elements (22) are distributed at intervals.
4. The internal heating cell according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of electromagnetic induction heating elements (22) are evenly spaced and distributed along the length direction and the width direction of the current collector (21).
5. The internal heating cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic induction heating element (22) is arranged inside the current collector (21).
6. The internal heating cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic induction heating element (22) is attached to the surface of the current collector (21).
7. The internal heating cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are a plurality of electromagnetic induction heating elements (22), and the plurality of electromagnetic induction heating elements (22) are arranged on two surfaces of the current collector (21) that are away from each other.
8. The internal heating cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic induction heating element (22) is an electromagnetic induction heating coating, and the electromagnetic induction heating element (22) is coated on the surface of the current collector (21).
9. The internal heating battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The electromagnetic induction heating element (22) is a nano-metal part.
10. A battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises the internal heating battery core as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.