Multi-frequency antenna and communication terminal

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-frequency antenna and a communication terminal, the multi-frequency antenna comprises a spring antenna, the spring antenna comprises at least three sections of spring parts, adjacent spring parts in the at least three sections of spring parts are different in pitch, the specified section of spring part in the at least three sections of spring parts is used for realizing a first frequency band, and the specified section of spring part in the at least three sections of spring parts is used for realizing a second frequency band; according to the multi-frequency antenna, the technical problem that the occupied space is large due to the fact that an electronic device needs to be additionally arranged in a multi-frequency antenna in the related technology can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of radio frequency technology, and in particular to a multi-frequency antenna and a communication terminal. Background Art

[0002] Generally speaking, the spring antennas of communication terminals (for example, walkie-talkies) have different circumferences due to different frequencies. Spring antennas of different circumferences correspond to communication terminals using different frequency bands. However, with the increasing demand of users, a single frequency can no longer meet the current communication and data transmission needs. In order to solve the above problems, at present, multiple frequency bands, including broadband and narrowband, can be integrated on the external antenna by adding coupling branches or loading capacitor and inductor elements.

[0003] However, the above method requires adding electronic components, which will increase the volume of the multi-frequency antenna. It can be seen that the multi-frequency antenna in the related art has a technical problem of occupying a large space due to the need for additional electronic components. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a multi-frequency antenna and a communication terminal to at least solve the technical problem in the related art that the multi-frequency antenna occupies a large space due to the need for additional electronic components.

[0005] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a multi-frequency antenna is provided, comprising: a spring antenna, wherein the spring antenna comprises at least three spring portions, adjacent spring portions in the at least three spring portions have different pitches, a specified spring portion in the at least three spring portions is used to realize a first frequency band, and the at least three spring portions as a whole are used to realize a second frequency band.

[0006] In an exemplary embodiment, the at least three spring sections are integrally formed structures.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, the at least three spring portions include a first spring portion, a second spring portion adjacent to the first spring portion, and a third spring portion adjacent to the second spring portion, wherein the pitch of the first spring portion and the third spring portion is greater than the pitch of the second spring portion, the first spring portion is used to achieve a first frequency band, and the third spring portion is used to broaden the bandwidth of the first frequency band.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, a circumference of the first spring portion and a circumference of the third spring portion are both equal to a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band, and a total circumference of the at least three spring portions is equal to a quarter wavelength of the second frequency band.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, the multi-frequency antenna further includes a fourth spring portion adjacent to the third spring portion, wherein a pitch of the third spring portion is greater than a pitch of the second spring portion and greater than a pitch of the fourth spring portion.

[0010] In an exemplary embodiment, a circumference of the second spring portion is between a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band and a quarter wavelength of the second frequency band, and a total circumference of the at least three spring portions is equal to a quarter wavelength of the second frequency band.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, the pitch of the first spring portion is equal to the pitch of the third spring portion, and the pitch of the second spring portion is equal to the pitch of the fourth spring portion.

[0012] In an exemplary embodiment, the multi-frequency antenna further comprises:

[0013] A shell, wherein the shell is sleeved on the spring antenna;

[0014] A connector is used to connect the spring antenna to an antenna interface part of a communication terminal.

[0015] In an exemplary embodiment, the frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second frequency band.

[0016] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a communication terminal is further provided, comprising the multi-frequency antenna as described in any one of the foregoing items.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present application, a multi-band spring antenna is integrated using at least three sections of spring parts with different pitches of adjacent spring parts. The multi-frequency antenna includes: a spring antenna, the spring antenna includes at least three sections of spring parts, the pitches of adjacent spring parts in the at least three sections of spring parts are different, a specified section of the spring part in the at least three sections of spring parts is used to realize the first frequency band, and the at least three sections of spring parts are used as a whole to realize the second frequency band. There is no need to add branches and electronic devices. Using a spring with variable pitches to realize multi-frequency can achieve the technical effect of reducing the occupied space of the multi-frequency antenna, thereby solving the technical problem of the multi-frequency antenna in the related art that occupies a large space due to the need to add new electronic devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an optional multi-frequency antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another optional multi-frequency antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of verification data of an optional multi-frequency antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an optional charge distribution simulation of equal pitch, single variable pitch and multi-variable pitch according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an optional VHF and UHF current distribution according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the standing wave change of an existing equi-pitch antenna;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the standing wave variation of an optional single variable pitch antenna;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of standing wave variation of an optional variable pitch antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0030] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a multi-frequency antenna is provided.

[0031] At present, since single-frequency antennas can only receive or send signals of a specific frequency, single-frequency can no longer meet current communication and data transmission needs. It is necessary to integrate multiple frequency bands on external antennas. In the existing technology, multi-frequency integration can be achieved by loading electronic components on the basis of single-frequency antennas.

[0032] For example, the frequency ratio of U+V dual-frequency is 435 / 150=2.9, the main frequency of a normal equal-pitch spring is around 150MHz, and the frequency ratio of U segment / V segment is around 2.0. The smaller the frequency ratio, the smaller the interval between the VHF and UHF resonance points. It is more difficult to achieve dual-frequency or multi-frequency by doubling the frequency. Therefore, the conventional ways to achieve dual-frequency or multi-frequency are: adding branches, coupling grounding, adding inductor and capacitor components, etc.

[0033] For example, Patent 1 (CN205863390U) involves a large steel cannon UV dual-frequency antenna, which uses a capacitor welded at the bottom spiral spring to form an LC resonance between the spring and the capacitor to achieve UV dual-frequency, and uses a loading matching device to achieve UV dual-frequency.

[0034] However, matching devices such as loaded capacitors and inductors are not suitable for injection molding structures, have poor reliability and practical effects, and adding a coupling branch structure is only applicable to antennas with grounding structures at antenna connectors. Adding electronic components will increase the space occupied by the antenna.

[0035] In order to at least partially solve the above problems, in this embodiment, no branches and electronic devices are added, and only one spring with variable pitches is used to achieve multi-frequency.

[0036] In this embodiment, the multi-frequency antenna may include: a spring antenna.

[0037] The spring antenna comprises at least three spring sections, wherein adjacent spring sections in the at least three spring sections have different pitches, a specified spring section in the at least three spring sections is used to realize a first frequency band, and the at least three spring sections as a whole are used to realize a second frequency band.

[0038] Spring antenna is a common type of antenna, which is characterized by its elasticity and can resist the influence of external forces to a certain extent. The spring pitch is the axial distance between the corresponding points of two adjacent spring circles on the mid-diameter, excluding the support circle.

[0039] In this embodiment, the antenna can work at 1 / 4 wavelength, and the spacing between different frequency bands can be adjusted by changing the spring pitch, so as to achieve the target frequency band. Since each wavelength has a corresponding frequency, the corresponding frequency band can be achieved by using different lengths of routing wires, that is, the wavelength corresponding to the frequency is designed as the length of the spring, and the corresponding frequency can be achieved.

[0040] Through the above-mentioned multi-frequency antenna, the pitches of adjacent spring parts in at least three sections of the spring antenna are different. Since the resonant frequency of the antenna can be adjusted by changing the pitch, the antenna can operate in different frequency bands, thereby achieving the purpose of multi-frequency integration based on a single variable pitch spring without adding electronic components, solving the technical problem of the multi-frequency antenna in the related art that the multi-frequency antenna occupies a large space due to the need to add new electronic components, and reducing the occupied space of the multi-frequency antenna.

[0041] In an exemplary embodiment, at least three sections of the spring portion are an integrally formed structure, and the integrally formed structure of the multi-section spring portion refers to the structure of integrating the multi-section spring portion into an integral whole. The traditional multi-section spring antenna is composed of multiple sections of spring portions and connecting parts, and the various parts need to be assembled together during installation. The integrally formed structure of the multi-section spring portion means that the various parts are formed at one time during the manufacturing process to form an integral structure, which does not need to be assembled again during installation. This design can reduce the steps and workload during the installation process and improve the stability and durability of the antenna.

[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, at least three spring portions include a first spring portion, a second spring portion adjacent to the first spring portion, and a third spring portion adjacent to the second spring portion, wherein the pitch of the first spring portion and the third spring portion is greater than the pitch of the second spring portion, the first spring portion is used to achieve a first frequency band, and the third spring portion is used to broaden the bandwidth of the first frequency band.

[0043] Combination Figure 1 As an optional exemplary embodiment, the spring antenna portion of the multi-frequency antenna may include a first spring portion, a second spring portion adjacent to the first spring portion, and a third spring portion adjacent to the second spring portion, the pitches of adjacent spring portions are different, optionally, the pitches of the first spring portion and the third spring portion are greater than the pitch of the second spring portion, the pitches of the first spring portion and the third spring portion may be approximately equal, the first spring portion is used to realize the first frequency band, and the third spring portion is used to broaden the bandwidth of the first frequency band.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, the circumference of the first spring portion and the circumference of the third spring portion are both equal to one-quarter wavelength of the first frequency band, and the total circumference of at least three spring portions is equal to one-quarter wavelength of the second frequency band. Here, the circumference of the spring portion may refer to the length of the spring portion after being straightened, and the length of the antenna is proportional to the wavelength.

[0045] For example, in this embodiment, the circumference of the first spring portion and the circumference of the third spring portion can be close to the 1 / 4 wavelength lamda-uhf (180mm) corresponding to the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) (400-470MHz) frequency band, where "lamda-uhf" refers to the ultra-high frequency wavelength (Ultra High Frequency wavelength). In radio communications, the wavelength is usually represented by lambda (λ); the total circumference of at least three spring portions is close to the 1 / 4 wavelength lamda-vhf (660mm) corresponding to the VHF (Very High Frequency) (144-148MHz) frequency band.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, the multi-band antenna further includes a fourth spring portion adjacent to the third spring portion, wherein a pitch of the third spring portion is greater than a pitch of the second spring portion and greater than a pitch of the fourth spring portion.

[0047] Combination Figure 2 As another optional exemplary embodiment, the spring antenna part of the multi-frequency antenna may include a first spring part part1, a second spring part part2 adjacent to the first spring part, a third spring part part3 adjacent to the second spring part, and a fourth spring part part4 adjacent to the third spring part, the pitch of the third spring part being greater than the pitch of the second spring part and greater than the pitch of the fourth spring part.

[0048] For example, in this embodiment, Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, and Part 4 together implement VHF (144-148 MHz frequency); Part 1 and Part 3 implement UHF and broaden the UHF bandwidth.

[0049] In an exemplary embodiment, the circumference of the second spring portion is between a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band and a quarter wavelength of the second frequency band, and the total circumference of at least three spring portions is equal to a quarter wavelength of the second frequency band. Figure 2 As shown, the circumference of part1 and part3 can be approximately equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band, the circumference of part2 can be approximately equal to between 1 / 4 wavelength of the first frequency band and 1 / 4 wavelength of the second frequency band, and the total circumference of part1, part2, part3 and part4 can be approximately equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the second frequency band.

[0050] For example, in this embodiment, the circumference of Part 1 can be close to the 1 / 4 wavelength lamda-uhf (180 mm) corresponding to the UHF (400-470 MHz) frequency band; the circumference of Part 3 can be close to the 1 / 4 wavelength lamda-uhf (180 mm) corresponding to the UHF (400-470 MHz) frequency band; the total circumference of Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, and Part 4 is close to the 1 / 4 wavelength lamda-vhf (66 0mm); Part 2 can be between the 1 / 4 wavelength corresponding to the UHF band and the 1 / 4 wavelength corresponding to the VHF band, mainly to adjust the peak frequency interval (frequency ratio) of the entire spring antenna and the double frequency resonance, because the triple frequency bandwidth of VHF is narrow, and the resonance frequency cannot cover 400-470MHz. The transfer and impedance transformation of Part 3 can effectively adjust the resonance point position of the high-order harmonics. Adjusting the resonance point of the high-order harmonics to UHF (400-470MHz) can effectively improve the antenna bandwidth.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the pitch of the first spring portion is equal to the pitch of the third spring portion, and the pitch of the second spring portion is equal to the pitch of the fourth spring portion. Figure 2 As shown, the pitch of part 1 and the pitch of part 3 may be approximately equal, and the pitch of part 2 and the pitch of part 4 may be approximately equal.

[0052] It should be noted that, considering that the actual antenna may be affected by the manufacturing process, the impedance matching problem between the circuit to which it is connected, various errors and losses, etc., the theoretical antenna length and the actual antenna length may be different. Therefore, the limitations in the embodiments of the present application may be approximate.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, the multi-frequency antenna further comprises:

[0054] A shell is sleeved on the spring antenna;

[0055] A connector, wherein the connector is used to connect the spring antenna to the antenna interface part of the communication terminal.

[0056] Here, the antenna interface part of the spring antenna and the communication terminal includes but is not limited to SMA-male, SMA-female, SMA-monopole, welding and other connection methods, so that the antenna is not limited to certain models.

[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, the frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second frequency band, and the length of the spring antenna is inversely proportional to the frequency. The longer the length of the spring antenna, the lower the frequency band it works in. Optionally, the first frequency band can be an ultra-high frequency (UHF), and the second frequency band can be a very high frequency (VHF).

[0058] Taking the communication terminal as an example, the main difference between walkie-talkies of different frequency bands lies in the selection and use range of the frequency band. Common walkie-talkie frequency bands include UHF and VHF.

[0059] The UHF band is generally in the range of 400-470MHz, and the VHF band is generally in the range of 136-174MHz. UHF band walkie-talkies usually perform better in urban environments, can pass through buildings and obstacles, and transmit farther; while VHF band walkie-talkies perform better in open areas and can transmit farther. UHF band walkie-talkies are less likely to be interfered with by electronic equipment and are suitable for industrial environments; VHF band walkie-talkies are more likely to be interfered with by electronic equipment and are suitable for rural and mountainous environments. UHF band walkie-talkies have shorter wavelengths and can better pass through buildings and obstacles; VHF band walkie-talkies have longer wavelengths and stronger penetration, and are suitable for open areas.

[0060] Through the embodiments of the present application, it is possible to receive or send signals of multiple frequency bands based on a single spring. Since only a single spring antenna with variable pitch is used, the technical effect of reducing the occupied volume of the multi-frequency antenna can be achieved.

[0061] The multi-frequency antenna in the embodiment of the present application is explained below with reference to optional examples.

[0062] Taking walkie-talkies as an example of communication terminals, the mainstream frequency bands currently used by walkie-talkies are divided into VHF and UHF, and walkie-talkies are divided into UHF walkie-talkies and VHF walkie-talkies. The antennas used by the two also have different lengths due to the different frequencies of the antennas. However, with the increase in user needs, a single frequency can no longer meet the current communication and data transmission needs, and it is necessary to integrate multiple frequency bands including broadband and narrowband on the external antenna.

[0063] It is difficult to achieve UV dual frequency (i.e., VHF and UHF dual frequency) with a single spring. Conventionally, UV dual frequency or multi-frequency is achieved by adding coupling branches or loading capacitor and inductor elements for matching. The embodiment of the present application only requires a single spring, and UV dual frequency or multi-frequency can be achieved by only changing the pitch. Compared with the existing technology, it saves more production costs and reduces production difficulty, and is also more universal.

[0064] Specifically, the present application proposes a single-spring solution for a multi-frequency antenna, which does not require the addition of branches and electronic devices, and uses one spring to achieve multi-frequency, greatly reducing the difficulty and cost of production.

[0065] The multi-frequency antenna in this optional example can be Figure 2As shown, part 1, part 2, part 3, and part 4 are added together to realize VHF (144-148MHz frequency point), part 1 and part 3 realize UHF and widen the UHF bandwidth, and only part 1 is used, that is, removing part 3 can also realize dual-frequency, and part 3 is added to widen the UHF bandwidth. Table 1 shows the physical efficiency of the UV dual-frequency antenna of the embodiment of the present application, and Table 2 shows the pull-away efficiency (VHF) of the UV dual-frequency antenna of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 The test data of the UV dual-band antenna according to the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0066] Table 1

[0067] Frequency / Mhz efficiency / % 400 34.04 410 40.27 420 41.88 430 44.16 440 54.45 450 53.33 460 48.64 470 42.17

[0068] Table 2

[0069] 136 148 166 171 3.7km A A B2 B3 4.2km C B3 B3 E

[0070] Judging criteria:

[0071] A. All four directions can be received without missing any characters (report 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 three times in each direction);

[0072] B.> All can be received in one direction without missing any characters; (report 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 three times in each direction);

[0073] C. No direction can be received completely, and the best direction has less than 30% of lag or missing characters; (report 3 times in each direction: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);

[0074] D. No direction can be received completely, and the best direction has more than 80% of stuck or missing characters; (report 3 times in each direction: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);

[0075] E. The machine responds, with a green light and noise, but the voice is barely audible;

[0076] F. The machine does not respond.

[0077] Combination Figure 4 , Figure 4 The charge distribution simulations represent equal pitch, single variable pitch (single pitch change) and multi-variable pitch (multiple pitch changes) respectively. It can be seen that the dense winding of Part 2 can obviously make the current gather in Part 1 and Part 2, effectively adjusting the UHF resonance position and bandwidth.

[0078] Combination Figure 5 , the thick line can represent the current distribution, from which we can further see:

[0079] VHF electrical length: Part1+Part2+Part3+Part4=2*3.14*R*TRUN(1+2+3+4)≈660mm, that is, it can be verified that Part1+Part2+Part3+Part4 jointly realize VHF; UHF electrical length: Part1=2*3.14*R*TURN1≈160mm.

[0080] Figure 6 is the variation diagram of the equi-pitch standing wave, Figure 7 It is a single variable pitch standing wave variation diagram, combined with Figure 6 and Figure 7 The difference between the VHF and UHF frequency ratios when the pitch is equal and when the pitch is single variable, can be clearly seen. The third and fifth harmonics move toward low frequencies, and the frequency interval between the third and fifth harmonics is small. This shows that the position of the high-order harmonics of the antenna can be adjusted by changing the pitch of the spring.

[0081] Figure 8 It is a variable pitch standing wave variation diagram, combined with Figure 7 and Figure 8 The difference between the VHF and UHF frequency ratios when using single variable pitch and multi-variable pitch can be clearly seen. The UHF bandwidth can be obviously improved by using the multi-variable pitch scheme. The main frequency of equal pitch is 168MHz, and the third harmonic is 354MHz. The main frequency of single variable pitch is 182MHz, the second resonance is 376MHz, and the third resonance is 444MHz. After increasing the multi-variable pitch, the main frequency is 162MHz, and the third harmonic is 442MHz. It can be seen that after increasing the multi-variable pitch, the UHF bandwidth is significantly wider than that of the single variable pitch, from 20MHz (-6dB) to 55MHz (-6dB).

[0082] Through this embodiment, the antenna function of the narrowband V segment is realized through the whole spring structure; the U segment antenna function is realized by changing the bottom spring pitch and using the middle spring pitch (part3) to widen the U segment bandwidth, and finally a UV dual-band antenna can be realized.

[0083] Obviously, the above described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, ordinary technicians in this field can make other different forms of changes or modifications without creative work, which should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-frequency antenna, characterized in that: The multi-frequency antenna comprises: A spring antenna, comprising at least three spring sections, wherein adjacent spring sections in the at least three spring sections have different pitches, a specified spring section in the at least three spring sections is used to achieve a first frequency band, and the at least three spring sections as a whole are used to achieve a second frequency band.

2. The multi-frequency antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least three spring sections are integrally formed structures.

3. The multi-frequency antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least three spring parts include a first spring part, a second spring part adjacent to the first spring part, and a third spring part adjacent to the second spring part, wherein the pitch of the first spring part and the third spring part is greater than the pitch of the second spring part, the first spring part is used to realize a first frequency band, and the third spring part is used to broaden the bandwidth of the first frequency band.

4. The multi-frequency antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circumference of the first spring portion and the circumference of the third spring portion are both equal to a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band, and the total circumference of the at least three spring portions is equal to a quarter wavelength of the second frequency band.

5. The multi-frequency antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-frequency antenna further includes a fourth spring portion adjacent to the third spring portion, wherein a pitch of the third spring portion is greater than a pitch of the second spring portion and greater than a pitch of the fourth spring portion.

6. The multi-frequency antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circumference of the second spring portion is between a quarter wavelength of the first frequency band and a quarter wavelength of the second frequency band, and the total circumference of the at least three spring portions is equal to a quarter wavelength of the second frequency band.

7. The multi-frequency antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pitch of the first spring portion is equal to the pitch of the third spring portion, and the pitch of the second spring portion is equal to the pitch of the fourth spring portion.

8. The multi-frequency antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-frequency antenna also includes: A shell, wherein the shell is sleeved on the spring antenna; A connector is used to connect the spring antenna to an antenna interface part of a communication terminal.

9. The multi-frequency antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second frequency band.

10. A communication terminal, characterized in that: The communication terminal comprises: the multi-frequency antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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