Control circuit capable of improving battery utilization rate

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By designing a control circuit including a power supply module, a boost module and a power supply selection switch module, the problem of redundancy and complexity and high cost of the existing small and medium-sized lithium battery management circuit is solved, and the battery utilization rate and the use time are improved are achieved. effect.

CN222484327UActive Publication Date: 2025-02-14JIANGSU LEILI MOTOR

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Patent Information

Application Number: CN202420381553.5
Authority / Receiving Office: CN · China
Patent Type: Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date: 2024-02-29
Publication Date: 2025-02-14
Estimated Expiration: 2034-02-28

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The prior art When managing small lithium batteries, the circuit is redundant and complex, the cost is high, and it is easy to lead to poor electrical performance.

Method used

A control circuit including a power supply module, a boost module, a power supply selection switch module and a load are designed. The boost module increases the voltage when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage through the BOOST boost circuit. The power supply selection switch module detects the voltage in real time by the MCU module and controls the switch of the boost module.

Benefits of technology

This control circuit can greatly improve battery utilization, extend the service time of small batteries, and at the same time use few components and high cost performance, reducing the cost of use.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a control circuit capable of improving battery utilization rate. The control circuit comprises a power supply module, a boost module, a power supply selection switch module and a load. The power supply module is used for supplying power to a post-stage circuit; the boosting module is used for boosting the output voltage of the power supply module to the voltage required by a load when the output voltage of the power supply module is under-voltage; the power supply selection switch module is used for detecting the output voltage of the power supply module in real time, the boosting module is closed when the output voltage of the power supply module is normal, and the power supply module supplies power to a load; when the output voltage of the power supply module is under-voltage, the boost module is turned on, and the boost module supplies power to a load. The utility model provides the control circuit capable of improving the utilization rate of the battery, the utilization rate of the battery can be greatly increased, the service life of a small-sized battery is prolonged, related circuit functions can be realized by using extremely few components with higher cost performance, and the use cost is saved.

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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a control circuit capable of improving battery utilization, belonging to the technical field of battery management. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, BMS battery management system has achieved rapid development under the increasingly perfect control theory. In specific applications, BMS battery management system is generally aimed at the management of large lithium batteries, while small single-cell cylindrical lithium batteries or low-voltage button batteries are less managed. At present, most existing solutions use dedicated low-voltage detection chips or use special MCU chips to control the enabling circuit to select the power supply sequence. This solution has complex circuit redundancy and high cost. There are more components on the PCB board. The more components, the more likely it is to cause poor electrical performance. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a control circuit that can improve the battery utilization rate, which can greatly increase the battery utilization rate, extend the service life of small batteries, and use very few and cost-effective components to achieve related circuit functions, thereby saving use costs.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0005] A control circuit capable of improving battery utilization, comprising a power supply module, a boost module, a power supply selection switch module and a load;

[0006] The power supply module is used to supply power to the subsequent circuit;

[0007] The boost module is used to increase the output voltage of the power module to the voltage required by the load when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage;

[0008] The power supply selection switch module is used to detect the output voltage of the power module in real time. When the output voltage of the power module is normal, the boost module is turned off, and the power module supplies power to the load; when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage, the boost module is turned on, and the boost module supplies power to the load.

[0009] Furthermore, the power module is a battery or a battery pack.

[0010] Furthermore, the boost module is a BOOST boost circuit.

[0011] Further, the BOOST boost circuit includes a boost converter chip U1, an inductor L1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C2, wherein the 6th pin of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module, the negative electrode of the power module is grounded, the 6th pin of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the load through the power supply selection switch module, the 2nd pin of the boost converter chip U1 is grounded, one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the 1st pin of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the 6th pin of the boost converter chip U1, and one end of the resistor R4 is connected to the 6th pin of the boost converter chip U1. The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to pin 4 of the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R3 is connected to pin 5 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to pin 3 of the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R6 is connected to pin 3 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the resistor R6 is grounded, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to pin 5 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, pin 4 of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the power supply selection switch module, and pin 5 of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the power supply selection switch module and the load.

[0012] Furthermore, the model of the boost converter chip U1 is AP2000A.

[0013] Further, the power supply selection switch module includes a voltage sampling circuit, a first enabling circuit and an MCU module;

[0014] The voltage sampling circuit is used to collect the output voltage of the power module and send it to the MCU module;

[0015] The MCU module is used to detect the output voltage of the power module, and to turn off the boost module through the first enabling circuit when the output voltage of the power module is normal, and to turn on the boost module through the first enabling circuit when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage.

[0016] Furthermore, the voltage sampling circuit includes a resistor R5, a resistor R7 and a capacitor C3, one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply module, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded, the capacitor C3 is connected in parallel at both ends of the resistor R7, and one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the MCU module.

[0017] Further, the first enabling circuit includes a transistor Q1, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, the emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module, the collector of the transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the MCU module and the load, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected to the MCU module and the 4 pins of the boost converter chip U1.

[0018] Furthermore, the power supply selection switch module includes a second enabling circuit, which is used to turn off the boost module when the output voltage of the power module is normal, and turn on the boost module when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage.

[0019] Further, the second enabling circuit includes a transistor Q2, a transistor Q3, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R12, a resistor R14, a resistor R15 and a capacitor C6, one end of the resistor R8 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the 4th pin of the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R9 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the 6th pin of the boost converter chip U1, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the load, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the boost converter chip U1 One end of the resistor R12 is connected to the 6th pin of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is grounded, one end of the resistor R14 is connected to the other end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3, the collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the 4th pin of the boost converter chip U1, the emitter of the transistor Q3 is grounded, one end of the capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the resistor R14, and the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the utility model utilizes the principle of boosting, and can boost the power supply voltage that can no longer supply power to the subsequent circuit normally to a voltage range that can supply power to the subsequent circuit normally, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of power supply use. The switch of the boost module can be controlled by the MCU module, or can be directly controlled by the enabling circuit. The switch control of the boost circuit can be performed by using simple components such as triodes or MOS tubes, which can improve production efficiency and reduce defective rates in production. The utility model can improve the detection voltage parameter value according to the actual discharge voltage curve of the power supply module, and can more accurately utilize the power supply electricity to improve power efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1This is a principle block diagram of a control circuit capable of improving battery utilization in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a control circuit capable of improving battery utilization in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a principle block diagram of a control circuit capable of improving battery utilization in Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a control circuit capable of improving battery utilization in Embodiment 2 of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the content of the utility model more clearly understood, the utility model is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a control circuit that can improve battery utilization, which includes a power module, a boost module, a power supply selection switch module and a load.

[0028] The power module is used to supply power to the subsequent circuit.

[0029] The boost module is used to increase the output voltage of the power module to the voltage required by the load when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage.

[0030] The power supply selection switch module is used to detect the output voltage of the power module in real time. When the output voltage of the power module is normal, the boost module is turned off, and the power module supplies power to the load; when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage, the boost module is turned on, and the boost module supplies power to the load after boosting.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the power module of this embodiment is a battery or a battery pack.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the boost module of this embodiment is a BOOST boost circuit, which uses the inductor charging and discharging principle to convert the front-end low voltage into the required voltage for the subsequent load through high-frequency inductor charging and discharging and related feedback.

[0033] Specifically, the BOOST boost circuit includes a boost converter chip U1, an inductor L1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C2. The model of the boost converter chip U1 is AP2000A.

[0034] Pin 6 of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module, the negative electrode of the power module is grounded, pin 6 of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the load through the power supply selection switch module, pin 2 of the boost converter chip U1 is grounded, one end of the inductor L1 is connected to pin 1 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to pin 6 of the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R4 is connected to pin 6 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to pin 4 of the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R3 is connected to pin 5 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to pin 3 of the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R6 is connected to pin 3 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the resistor R6 is grounded, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to pin 5 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, pin 4 of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the power supply selection switch module, and pin 5 of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the power supply selection switch module and the load.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the power supply selection switch module of this embodiment includes a voltage sampling circuit, a first enabling circuit and an MCU module.

[0036] The voltage sampling circuit is used to collect the output voltage of the power module and send it to the MCU module.

[0037] The MCU module is used to detect the output voltage of the power module, and to turn off the boost module through the first enabling circuit when the output voltage of the power module is normal, and to turn on the boost module through the first enabling circuit when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage.

[0038] Specifically, the voltage sampling circuit includes a resistor R5, a resistor R7 and a capacitor C3, one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply module, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded, the capacitor C3 is connected in parallel at both ends of the resistor R7, and one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the MCU module.

[0039] Specifically, the first enabling circuit includes a transistor Q1, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, the emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module, the collector of the transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the MCU module and the load, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected to the MCU module and the 4 pins of the boost converter chip U1.

[0040] The working principle of the control circuit of this embodiment that can improve battery utilization is:

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, when the entire circuit starts working, the power module starts to supply power to the subsequent stage. The power module is fully charged, and the MCU module controls the switch K1 to close. Here, K1 is an equivalent circuit switch. K1 can have many forms, such as a transistor, a MOS tube or other types of switching devices. In this embodiment, it is the transistor Q1 in the first enabling circuit. At this time, the MCU module and the load start to power on and are powered by the power module.

[0042] Then, the MCU module reads the current voltage information of the power module in real time through the voltage sampling circuit to determine whether the power module is undervoltage. If the power module is undervoltage due to insufficient power, the MCU module controls the disconnection of switch K1 and closes switch K2 at the same time, that is, the boost module is turned on. Here, K2 is an equivalent circuit switch, indicating the opening and closing of the boost module. The boost module increases the low voltage of the power module for use by the subsequent MCU module and the load. When it is detected that the voltage of the power module is lower than the alarm value, the MCU module can send a low power alarm message to the outside.

[0043] This embodiment takes the button battery CR2032 (3V) battery BT1 as an example for detailed description:

[0044] The minimum operating voltage of the MCU module is 1.8V. If the voltage is less than 1.8V, the MCU module will not work.

[0045] When the circuit starts working, the battery is fully charged, and the 4th pin (SHDN) of the boost converter chip U1 is at a high level. The boost converter chip U1 starts working and uses the BOOST boost principle to raise the 3V battery voltage to the standard 3.3V. At this time, the MCU is powered by 3.3V and starts working.

[0046] After the MCU module is initialized, the ADC pin reads the battery voltage information at this time. If the voltage information obtained at this time is higher than the set value (about 2V), the I / O-1 pin of the MCU module outputs a low level. At this time, the PNP transistor Q1 changes from the cut-off state to the on state. At the same time, the boost converter chip U1 stops working because the 4th pin (SHDN) is at a low level. The power supply of the MCU module and the load is completely powered by the 3V battery voltage.

[0047] After the MCU module works normally, set the timing cycle in the MCU module program. When the timing cycle is up, the I / O-1 pin outputs a high level again, and the boost converter chip U1 is started to work again. At this time, the PNP transistor Q1 changes from on to off. The MCU has a stable 3.3V power supply again. At this time, the battery voltage information is read again by the ADC pin of the MCU, and compared with the undervoltage setting value. If it is still higher than the undervoltage setting value of 2V, the above steps are repeated; if it is less than or equal to the undervoltage setting value of 2V, the I / O-1 pin is always outputting a high level (PNP transistor Q1 changes from on to off), the boost converter chip U1 is always working, and the MCU module is completely powered by 3.3V. The MCU module reads the battery voltage information regularly at this time. When the battery voltage is lower than the fault setting value of 1.2V, the MCU module can also send a low-battery fault indication signal and related low-battery information to other devices through other peripheral communication circuits to inform that the battery needs to be replaced.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides another implementation of the power supply selection switch module in embodiment one, and the power supply selection switch module includes a second enabling circuit, and the second enabling circuit is used to turn off the boost module when the output voltage of the power module is normal, and turn on the boost module when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage.

[0050] Specifically, the second enabling circuit includes a transistor Q2, a transistor Q3, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R12, a resistor R14, a resistor R15 and a capacitor C6, one end of the resistor R8 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the 4th pin of the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R9 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the 6th pin of the boost converter chip U1, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the load, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the boost converter chip U1. Pin 6 of U1 is connected, one end of resistor R12 is connected to pin 6 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of resistor R12 is connected to one end of resistor R15, the other end of resistor R15 is grounded, one end of resistor R14 is connected to the other end of resistor R12, the other end of resistor R14 is connected to the base of transistor Q3, the collector of transistor Q3 is connected to pin 4 of the boost converter chip U1, the emitter of transistor Q3 is grounded, one end of capacitor C6 is connected to one end of resistor R14, and the other end of capacitor C6 is grounded.

[0051] The working principle of the control circuit of this embodiment that can improve battery utilization is:

[0052] When the whole circuit starts to work, the power module has sufficient power, the power module starts to supply power to the subsequent circuit, the enabling circuit controls the switch K3 to close, and the load starts to power on. When the power supply voltage drops to the undervoltage setting value, the boost module is turned on, the enabling circuit controls the switch K3 to open, and the switch K4 is closed, and the boost module starts to supply power. The switches K3 and K4 here are equivalent circuit switches, and K3 and K4 can have various forms, such as transistors, MOS tubes or other types of switching devices. In this embodiment, they are the transistors Q3 and Q2 in the second enabling circuit.

[0053] This embodiment takes the button battery CR2032 (3V) battery BT2 as an example for detailed description:

[0054] When the circuit starts working, the battery is fully charged, the NPN transistor Q3 is turned on, the resistors R12 and R15 are connected in series, and the voltage divider value of the resistor R15 is set to 0.75~1.13V, corresponding to the power supply voltage value of 2~3V. The boost converter chip U1 does not work because the 4th pin (SHDN) is at a low level. The PNP transistor Q2 is turned on, and the battery supplies power to the load through the PNP transistor Q2. When the load is powered on and initialized, the load is directly powered by the battery. When the battery voltage is lower than about 2V, the NPN transistor Q3 is turned off and does not conduct. At this time, the boost converter chip U1 starts to work because the 4th pin (SHDN) is at a high level, and the PNP transistor Q2 is turned off and does not conduct due to the cut-off of Q3. At this time, the load is powered by the 3.3V voltage generated by the boost converter chip U1.

[0055] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control circuit capable of improving battery utilization, characterized in that: It includes a power module, a boost module, a power supply selection switch module and a load; The power module is used to supply power to the subsequent circuit; The boost module is used to increase the output voltage of the power module to the voltage required by the load when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage; The power supply selection switch module is used to detect the output voltage of the power module in real time. When the output voltage of the power module is normal, the boost module is turned off, and the power module supplies power to the load; when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage, the boost module is turned on, and the boost module supplies power to the load.

2. A control circuit capable of improving battery utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module is a battery or a battery pack.

3. A control circuit capable of improving battery utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boost module is a BOOST boost circuit.

4. A control circuit capable of improving battery utilization according to claim 3, characterized in that: The BOOST boost circuit includes a boost converter chip U1, an inductor L1, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R6 and a capacitor C2. Pin 6 of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module, the negative electrode of the power module is grounded, pin 6 of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the load through a power supply selection switch module, pin 2 of the boost converter chip U1 is grounded, one end of the inductor L1 is connected to pin 1 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to pin 6 of the boost converter chip U1, and one end of the resistor R4 is connected to pin 6 of the boost converter chip U1. The other end of the resistor R4 is connected to pin 4 of the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R3 is connected to pin 5 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to pin 3 of the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R6 is connected to pin 3 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the resistor R6 is grounded, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to pin 5 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, pin 4 of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the power supply selection switch module, and pin 5 of the boost converter chip U1 is connected to the power supply selection switch module and the load.

5. A control circuit capable of improving battery utilization according to claim 4, characterized in that: The model of the boost converter chip U1 is AP2000A.

6. A control circuit capable of improving battery utilization according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power supply selection switch module includes a voltage sampling circuit, a first enabling circuit and an MCU module; The voltage sampling circuit is used to collect the output voltage of the power module and send it to the MCU module; The MCU module is used to detect the output voltage of the power module, and to turn off the boost module through the first enabling circuit when the output voltage of the power module is normal, and to turn on the boost module through the first enabling circuit when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage.

7. A control circuit capable of improving battery utilization according to claim 6, characterized in that: The voltage sampling circuit includes a resistor R5, a resistor R7 and a capacitor C3, one end of the resistor R5 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to one end of the resistor R7, the other end of the resistor R7 is grounded, the capacitor C3 is connected in parallel at both ends of the resistor R7, and one end of the resistor R7 is connected to the MCU module.

8. The control circuit for improving battery utilization according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first enabling circuit includes a transistor Q1, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, the emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power module, the collector of the transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the MCU module and the load, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected to the MCU module and the 4 pins of the boost converter chip U1.

9. A control circuit capable of improving battery utilization according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power supply selection switch module includes a second enabling circuit, which is used to turn off the boost module when the output voltage of the power module is normal, and turn on the boost module when the output voltage of the power module is undervoltage.

10. A control circuit capable of improving battery utilization according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second enabling circuit includes a transistor Q2, a transistor Q3, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R12, a resistor R14, a resistor R15 and a capacitor C6, one end of the resistor R8 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected to the 4th pin of the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R9 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the 6th pin of the boost converter chip U1, the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the load, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the 6th pin of the boost converter chip U1. Pin 1 is connected to the boost converter chip U1, one end of the resistor R12 is connected to pin 6 of the boost converter chip U1, the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is grounded, one end of the resistor R14 is connected to the other end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3, the collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to pin 4 of the boost converter chip U1, the emitter of the transistor Q3 is grounded, one end of the capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the resistor R14, and the other end of the capacitor C6 is grounded.