Automatic filling and sealing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of sealing devices, in particular to an automatic filling and sealing device. The technical problems that according to an existing sealing device, due to the fact that containers of different sizes need to be filled in filling production, a limiting frame adapts to the containers of the sizes within a certain range, the containers of the special sizes are not prone to being effectively positioned and fixed, the filling and sealing precision is affected, and the sealing effect is affected are solved. And meanwhile, the problems that the container shakes or falls off easily in the filling process due to simple positioning, and the overall stability is reduced are solved. According to the technical scheme, the automatic filling and sealing device comprises a machining table, a conveying assembly, a filling assembly and a sealing assembly; the conveying belt is driven by the rollers to convey containers, the rollers can provide uniform force, so that the containers can be stably conveyed by the conveying belt, shaking of the containers in the conveying process is reduced, products are prevented from being damaged or leaked, the containers are clamped by the rebound spring rebound clamping plates, and the rebound spring rebound clamping plates are suitable for the containers of different shapes and sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of sealing devices, in particular to an automatic filling and sealing device. Background Art

[0002] The filling and sealing device is an automated packaging equipment for liquid, powder or granular materials. It can realize fast and accurate filling and sealing of products. In the sealing process, the existing sealing device usually uses a limit frame to fix the container for filling and sealing. Since the filling production needs to fill containers of different sizes, the limit frame can adapt to containers of sizes within a certain range. For containers of special sizes, it is not easy to effectively position and fix them, which affects the filling and sealing accuracy. At the same time, simple positioning can easily cause the container to shake or fall off during the filling process, reducing the overall stability. Therefore, we propose an automated filling and sealing device to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome the existing sealing device, since filling production requires filling containers of different sizes, the limit frame is adapted to containers of a certain size range. For containers of special sizes, it is not easy to effectively position and fix them, which affects the filling and sealing accuracy. At the same time, simple positioning can easily cause the container to shake or fall off during the filling process, reducing the overall stability.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is: an automatic filling and sealing device, comprising a processing table, a conveying component, a filling component and a sealing component; the processing table is internally installed with a conveying component for transporting a packaging container to a designated position so that the filling and sealing processes can be carried out continuously, the upper end edge of the processing table is installed with a filling component for accurately injecting raw materials into the packaging container, and the outer side of the filling component is installed with a sealing component for continuously sealing the packaging container to ensure that the raw materials will not leak in the container.

[0005] Preferably, the conveyor belt is driven by a roller to convey the container. The roller can provide uniform force, so that the conveyor belt can smoothly convey the container, reduce the shaking of the container during the conveying process, and keep the product from being damaged or leaking. The container is clamped by a rebound spring rebound clamp. The rebound spring rebound clamp is suitable for containers of different shapes and sizes, which can meet the production needs of different products, accurately control the position and angle of the container, ensure the accuracy of the filling and sealing process, and at the same time, the rebound spring provides a stable clamping force to prevent the container from moving or falling during the filling and sealing process, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the production process. The raw materials are transmitted to the connecting spray plate and sprayed out by the spray head, which reduces manual intervention and accurately controls the amount of sprayed materials to ensure that each packaging container can be accurately and evenly filled with the required materials, reducing the waste of raw materials. The lifting rod is driven by the driving motor to adjust the height position of the support plate, and the sealing height is automatically adjusted according to the height of the container to ensure the accuracy of the sealing, reduce leakage and inadequate sealing. It is suitable for the production of a variety of products, and the pressure rod is used to push the sealing block inside the ring sleeve and insert it into the container outlet for sealing, thereby realizing rapid sealing. At the same time, the driving force of the pressure rod can ensure the sealing performance at the container outlet and reduce the risk of leakage.

[0006] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes a roller, a conveyor belt, a rotating motor, a fixed ring, a rubber block, a rebound spring and a clamp. The roller is located inside the processing table. A conveying groove for accommodating the roller is opened inside the processing table. The outer wall of the roller is sleeved with a conveyor belt. One end of the roller is located at the outer end of the processing table and is provided with a rotating motor. The conveyor belt is driven by the roller to transport the container. The roller can provide uniform force, so that the conveyor belt can transport the container smoothly, reduce the shaking of the container during transportation, keep the product from being damaged or leaked, and improve the stability of the equipment.

[0007] Preferably, a fixed ring is provided at the upper end of the conveyor belt, and multiple groups of fixed rings are provided. Rebound springs are provided on the inner walls of the multiple groups of fixed rings, and a damper is provided on the inner side of the rebound spring. A clamp is provided at the end of the rebound spring away from the fixed ring, and a rubber block is provided between the fixed ring and the conveyor belt. The container is clamped by a rebound spring and a rebound clamp. The rebound spring and the rebound clamp are suitable for containers of different shapes and sizes, and can meet the production requirements of different products. The position and angle of the container can be accurately controlled to ensure the accuracy of the filling and sealing process. At the same time, the rebound spring provides a stable clamping force to prevent the container from moving or falling during the filling and sealing process, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the production process.

[0008] Preferably, the filling assembly includes a fixed frame, a containing box, a docking tube, a discharge pipe, a transmission pipe, a connecting spray plate and a nozzle. The containing box is located at the upper end of the fixed frame. Two groups of containing boxes are provided. The outer ends of the two groups of containing boxes are provided with docking tubes. The inner wall of the containing box is provided with a discharge pipe. The end of the discharge pipe is provided with a transmission pipe. The transmission pipe extends to the lower end through the fixed frame. A connecting spray plate is provided at one end of the transmission pipe away from the discharge pipe. The connecting spray plate is connected to the transmission pipe. A nozzle is provided at the lower end of the connecting spray plate. There are multiple groups of nozzles. The raw materials are transmitted to the connecting spray plate and sprayed by the nozzle, thereby reducing manual intervention and accurately controlling the amount of material sprayed, ensuring that each packaging container can be accurately and evenly filled with the required material, reducing the waste of raw materials and improving production efficiency.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes a sleeve plate, a telescopic plate, a support plate, a drive motor, a cylinder, a pressure rod, a ring sleeve, a limit buckle, an auxiliary frame, a connecting frame and an insertion rod. A support plate is provided above the sleeve plate, and a telescopic plate is provided between the support plate and the sleeve plate. One end of the sleeve plate is located below the processing table and a drive motor is provided. A lifting rod is provided between the drive motor and the sleeve plate. The lifting rod passes through the sleeve plate and is fixedly connected with the telescopic plate. The height position of the support plate is adjusted by using a drive motor to drive the lifting rod, and the sealing height is automatically adjusted according to the height of the container, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the sealing, reducing leakage and inadequate sealing, being suitable for the production of a variety of products, and improving the processing effect.

[0010] Preferably, a cylinder is provided above the support plate, and a pressure rod is provided between the cylinder and the support plate. The pressure rod extends through the support plate to the lower end, and a ring sleeve is provided on the outer end of the pressure rod. A limit buckle is provided on the outer wall of the ring sleeve. There are multiple groups of limit buckles, and the multiple groups of limit buckles are arranged around the outer wall of the ring sleeve. The ring sleeve is movably connected to the pressure rod through the limit buckle. The pressure rod is used to push the sealing block inside the ring sleeve and insert it into the container outlet for sealing, thereby realizing rapid sealing. At the same time, the pushing force of the pressure rod can ensure the sealing performance at the container outlet and reduce the risk of leakage.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting frame is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve plate, an auxiliary frame is provided inside the connecting frame, the auxiliary frame is fixedly connected to the support plate, an insertion rod is provided at the outer end of the connecting frame, and a socket penetrating the auxiliary frame is provided on the surface of the auxiliary frame, and multiple groups of sockets are provided. The auxiliary frame is used to assist in fixing after the adjusting rod is raised and lowered, so that the telescopic plate remains stable during the sealing process, thereby reducing the risk of equipment tilting and improving the overall stability.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0013] 1. Compared with the traditional sealing device, the conveyor belt is driven by a roller to transport the container. The roller can provide uniform force, so that the conveyor belt can transport the container smoothly, reduce the shaking of the container during the transportation process, and keep the product from being damaged or leaking. The rebound spring rebound clamp is used to clamp the container. The rebound spring rebound clamp is suitable for containers of different shapes and sizes, which can meet the production needs of different products, accurately control the position and angle of the container, and ensure the accuracy of the filling and sealing process. At the same time, the rebound spring provides a stable clamping force to prevent the container from moving or falling during the filling and sealing process, ensuring the safety and stability of the production process. The raw materials are transmitted to the connecting spray plate and sprayed by the nozzle, reducing manual intervention, accurately controlling the amount of material sprayed, ensuring that each packaging container can be accurately and evenly filled with the required material, reducing the waste of raw materials, and improving production efficiency.

[0014] 2. The lifting rod is driven by a driving motor to adjust the height of the support plate, and the sealing height is automatically adjusted according to the height of the container to ensure the accuracy of the sealing, reduce leakage and inadequate sealing. It is suitable for the production of a variety of products and improves the processing effect. The sealing block inside the ring sleeve is pushed out and inserted into the container outlet for sealing by the pressure rod, which realizes rapid sealing. At the same time, the driving force of the pressure rod can ensure the sealing performance at the container outlet and reduce the risk of leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing ring structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filling component of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing component structure of the utility model.

[0019] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Processing table; 2. Conveying assembly; 201. Roller; 202. Conveyor belt; 203. Rotating motor; 204. Fixing ring; 205. Rubber block; 206. Rebound spring; 207. Clamp; 3. Filling assembly; 301. Fixing frame; 302. Receiving box; 303. Docking tube; 304. Discharging pipe; 305. Transmission pipe; 306. Connecting spray plate; 307. Spray head; 4. Sealing assembly; 401. Sleeve plate; 402. Telescopic plate; 403. Support plate; 404. Driving motor; 405. Cylinder; 406. Pressure rod; 407. Ring sleeve; 408. Limit buckle; 409. Auxiliary frame; 410. Connecting frame; 411. Insert rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] See also Figure 1-4 The utility model provides an embodiment: an automatic filling and sealing device, comprising a processing table 1, a conveying component 2, a filling component 3 and a sealing component 4; the processing table 1 is internally installed with a conveying component 2 for transporting a packaging container to a designated position so that the filling and sealing processes can be carried out continuously, the upper edge of the processing table 1 is installed with a filling component 3 for accurately injecting raw materials into the packaging container, and the outer side of the filling component 3 is installed with a sealing component 4 for continuously sealing the packaging container to ensure that the raw materials will not leak in the container.

[0022] See also Figure 1-2 In this embodiment, the conveying assembly 2 includes a roller 201, a conveyor belt 202, a rotating motor 203, a fixing ring 204, a rubber block 205, a rebound spring 206 and a clamp 207. The roller 201 is located inside the processing table 1. A conveying groove for accommodating the roller 201 is provided inside the processing table 1. The outer wall of the roller 201 is sleeved with a conveyor belt 202. One end of the roller 201 is located at the outer end of the processing table 1 and is provided with a rotating motor 203. The roller 201 drives the conveyor belt 202 to convey the container. The roller 201 can provide uniform force, so that the conveyor belt 202 can smoothly convey the container, reduce the shaking of the container during the conveying process, keep the product from being damaged or leaked, and improve the stability of the equipment. The upper end of the conveyor belt 202 is provided with There is a fixed ring 204, and the fixed ring 204 is provided with multiple groups. The inner walls of the multiple groups of fixed rings 204 are provided with rebound springs 206, and the inner side of the rebound spring 206 is provided with a damper. The end of the rebound spring 206 away from the fixed ring 204 is provided with a clamping plate 207, and a rubber block 205 is provided between the fixed ring 204 and the conveyor belt 202. The container is clamped by using the rebound spring 206 and the rebound clamping plate 207. The rebound spring 206 and the rebound clamping plate 207 are suitable for containers of different shapes and sizes, which can meet the production requirements of different products, accurately control the position and angle of the container, and ensure the accuracy of the filling and sealing process. At the same time, the rebound spring 206 provides a stable clamping force to prevent the container from moving or falling during the filling and sealing process, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the production process.

[0023] See also Figure 1-3In this embodiment, the filling assembly 3 includes a fixing frame 301, a containing box 302, a butt joint pipe 303, a discharge pipe 304, a transmission pipe 305, a connecting spray plate 306 and a nozzle 307. The containing box 302 is located at the upper end of the fixing frame 301. The containing box 302 is provided with two groups. The outer ends of the two groups of containing boxes 302 are provided with butt joint pipes 303. The inner wall of the containing box 302 is provided with a discharge pipe 304. The end of the discharge pipe 304 is provided with a transmission pipe 305. The transmission pipe 305 extends to the lower end through the fixing frame 301. The end of the transmission pipe 305 away from the discharge pipe 304 is provided with a connecting spray plate 306. The connecting spray plate 306 is connected to the transmission pipe 305. The lower end of the connecting spray plate 306 is provided with a nozzle 307. The nozzle 307 is provided with multiple groups. The raw materials are transmitted to the connecting spray plate 306 by transmission and sprayed by the nozzle 307, thereby reducing manual intervention, accurately controlling the amount of material sprayed, and ensuring that each packaging container can Accurately and evenly fill the required materials, reduce the waste of raw materials, and improve production efficiency. The sealing component 4 includes a sleeve plate 401, a telescopic plate 402, a support plate 403, a driving motor 404, a cylinder 405, a pressure rod 406, a ring sleeve 407, a limit buckle 408, an auxiliary frame 409, a connecting frame 410 and an insertion rod 411. A support plate 403 is provided above the sleeve plate 401, and a telescopic plate 402 is provided between the support plate 403 and the sleeve plate 401. One end of the sleeve plate 401 is located below the processing table 1 and a driving motor 404 is provided. A lifting rod is provided between the driving motor 404 and the sleeve plate 401, and the lifting rod passes through the sleeve plate 401 and is fixedly connected with the telescopic plate 402. The height position of the support plate 403 is adjusted by driving the lifting rod with the driving motor 404, and the sealing height is automatically adjusted according to the height of the container, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the sealing, reducing leakage and insufficient sealing, and being suitable for the production of various products and improving the processing effect.

[0024] See also Figure 2-4In this embodiment, a cylinder 405 is provided above the support plate 403, and a pressure rod 406 is provided between the cylinder 405 and the support plate 403. The pressure rod 406 passes through the support plate 403 and extends to the lower end. A ring sleeve 407 is provided on the outer end of the pressure rod 406. The outer wall of the ring sleeve 407 is provided with a limit buckle 408. The limit buckle 408 is provided with multiple groups. The multiple groups of limit buckles 408 are arranged around the outer wall of the ring sleeve 407. The ring sleeve 407 is movably connected to the pressure rod 406 through the limit buckle 408. The pressure rod 406 is used to push the sealing block inside the ring sleeve 407 into the container outlet for sealing, thereby realizing a rapid sealing process. At the same time, the driving force of the sealing rod 406 can ensure the sealing performance at the outlet of the container and reduce the risk of leakage. A connecting frame 410 is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve plate 401, and an auxiliary frame 409 is provided inside the connecting frame 410. The auxiliary frame 409 is fixedly connected to the support plate 403. An insertion rod 411 is provided at the outer end of the connecting frame 410. A plug hole that penetrates the auxiliary frame 409 is provided on the surface of the auxiliary frame 409. There are multiple groups of plug holes. The auxiliary frame 409 is used to assist in fixing after the adjusting rod is raised and lowered, so that the telescopic plate 402 remains stable during the sealing process, thereby reducing the risk of equipment tilting and improving the overall stability.

[0025] When working, first put the required filling container into the fixing ring 204, use the resilience of the rubber clamp 205 to preliminarily fix the container, and after the container is put into the fixing ring 204 as a whole, the rebound spring 206 and the rebound clamp 207 clamp the container, which is suitable for containers of different shapes and sizes, and can meet the production needs of different products. The position and angle of the container are accurately controlled to ensure the accuracy of the filling and sealing process. At the same time, the rebound spring 206 provides a stable clamping force to prevent the container from moving or falling during the filling and sealing process, ensuring the stability of the production process. When the container is fixed, the raw material feeding pipe is connected to the docking pipe 303 to transfer the raw material from the docking pipe 303 to The raw materials are initially stored in the receiving box 302. After the raw materials are added, the rotating motor 203 is started to drive the roller 201 to drive the conveyor belt 202 to transport the container. The roller 201 can provide uniform force, so that the conveyor belt 202 can smoothly transport the container and reduce the shaking of the container during the transportation process. When the container moves to the bottom of the nozzle 307, the raw materials are transmitted to the inside of the connecting spray plate 306 through the discharge pipe 304 connected to the transmission pipe 305 and sprayed by the nozzle 307, so that the raw materials are stably filled into the designated container, reducing manual intervention, accurately controlling the amount of material sprayed, ensuring that each packaging container can be accurately and evenly filled with the required materials, reducing the waste of raw materials, and realizing the initial filling process of the container.

[0026] After the raw materials are filled, the rotating motor 203 is started again to drive the roller 201 to rotate. When the filled container moves to the bottom of the pressure rod 406, the cylinder 405 is started to drive the pressure rod 406 to drive the ring sleeve 407 to be set on the upper end of the container. The ring sleeve 407 can be removably replaced by the limit buckle 408 according to the size of the container. At the same time, the internal sealing block of the ring sleeve 407 is replaced to adapt to containers with different sealing conditions. The internal sealing block of the ring sleeve 407 is pushed out by the push rod and inserted into the outlet of the container for sealing, thereby realizing rapid sealing. At the same time, the driving force of the pressure rod 406 can ensure The sealing performance at the container outlet reduces the risk of leakage. When the required filling container is higher, the driving motor 404 drives the lifting rod to connect the telescopic plate 402 to adjust the height position of the support plate 403, and automatically adjusts the sealing height according to the height of the container to reduce leakage and insufficient sealing. It is suitable for the production of a variety of products. After the telescopic plate 402 is adjusted to the specified position, the insertion rod 411 is inserted into the internal fixing auxiliary frame 409 of the socket for auxiliary fixation, so that the telescopic plate 402 remains stable during the sealing process, thereby reducing the risk of equipment tilting and realizing automatic filling and sealing of the container.

[0027] Through the above steps, the conveyor belt 202 is driven by the roller 201 to convey the container. The roller 201 can provide uniform force, so that the conveyor belt 202 can smoothly convey the container, reduce the shaking of the container during the conveying process, and keep the product from being damaged or leaking. The rebound spring 206 and the rebound clamp 207 are used to clamp the container. The rebound spring 206 and the rebound clamp 207 are suitable for containers of different shapes and sizes, which can meet the production requirements of different products, accurately control the position and angle of the container, and ensure the accuracy of the filling and sealing process. At the same time, the rebound spring 206 provides a stable clamping force to prevent the container from moving or falling during the filling and sealing process, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the production process. The raw materials are transmitted to the connecting spray plate 306 and sprayed out by the spray head 307, which reduces manual intervention and accurately controls the amount of material sprayed, ensuring that each packaging container can be accurately and evenly filled with the required materials, reducing the waste of raw materials. The lifting rod is driven by the driving motor 404 to adjust the height position of the support plate 403, and the sealing height is automatically adjusted according to the height of the container to ensure the accuracy of the sealing, reduce leakage and insufficient sealing, and is suitable for the production of various products. The pressure rod 406 is used to push the internal sealing block of the ring sleeve 407 into the container outlet for sealing, thereby realizing rapid sealing. At the same time, the driving force of the sealing rod 406 can ensure the sealing performance at the container outlet and reduce the risk of leakage.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated filling and sealing device, comprising a processing table (1); characterized in that: It also includes a conveying component (2), a filling component (3) and a sealing component (4); the processing table (1) is internally installed with a conveying component (2) for transporting the packaging container to a designated location so that the filling and sealing processes can be carried out continuously; the upper edge of the processing table (1) is installed with a filling component (3) for accurately injecting raw materials into the packaging container; the outer side of the filling component (3) is installed with a sealing component (4) for continuously sealing the packaging container to ensure that the raw materials will not leak in the container.

2. The automatic filling and sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (2) comprises a roller (201), a conveyor belt (202), a rotating motor (203), a fixing ring (204), a rubber block (205), a rebound spring (206) and a clamping plate (207); the roller (201) is located inside the processing table (1); a conveying groove for accommodating the roller (201) is provided inside the processing table (1); the outer wall of the roller (201) is sleeved with the conveyor belt (202); one end of the roller (201) is located outside the processing table (1) and is provided with a rotating motor (203).

3. The automatic filling and sealing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixing ring (204) is provided at the upper end of the conveyor belt (202), and the fixing ring (204) is provided in multiple groups. The inner walls of the multiple groups of fixing rings (204) are provided with rebound springs (206), and the inner sides of the rebound springs (206) are provided with dampers. A clamping plate (207) is provided at one end of the rebound spring (206) away from the fixing ring (204), and a rubber block (205) is provided between the fixing ring (204) and the conveyor belt (202).

4. The automatic filling and sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling assembly (3) comprises a fixing frame (301), a containing box (302), a butt joint pipe (303), a discharge pipe (304), a transmission pipe (305), a connecting spray plate (306) and a spray head (307). The containing box (302) is located at the upper end of the fixing frame (301). The containing box (302) is provided with two groups. The outer ends of the two groups of containing boxes (302) are provided with butt joint pipes (303). The inner wall of the containing box (302) is provided with A discharge pipe (304) is provided at the end of the discharge pipe (304) with a transmission pipe (305), the transmission pipe (305) passes through the fixing frame (301) and extends to the lower end, a connecting spray plate (306) is provided at one end of the transmission pipe (305) away from the discharge pipe (304), the connecting spray plate (306) is connected to the transmission pipe (305), a nozzle (307) is provided at the lower end of the connecting spray plate (306), and a plurality of nozzles (307) are provided.

5. The automatic filling and sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (4) comprises a sleeve plate (401), a telescopic plate (402), a support plate (403), a driving motor (404), a cylinder (405), a pressure rod (406), a ring sleeve (407), a limit buckle (408), an auxiliary frame (409), a connecting frame (410) and an inserting rod (411); a support plate (403) is arranged above the sleeve plate (401); a telescopic plate (402) is arranged between the support plate (403) and the sleeve plate (401); one end of the sleeve plate (401) is located below the processing table (1) and is provided with a driving motor (404); a lifting rod is arranged between the driving motor (404) and the sleeve plate (401); the lifting rod passes through the sleeve plate (401) and is fixedly connected to the telescopic plate (402).

6. The automatic filling and sealing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cylinder (405) is provided above the support plate (403), a pressure rod (406) is provided between the cylinder (405) and the support plate (403), the pressure rod (406) passes through the support plate (403) and extends to the lower end, a ring sleeve (407) is sleeved on the outer end of the pressure rod (406), a limiting buckle (408) is provided on the outer wall of the ring sleeve (407), and the limiting buckle (408) is provided in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of limiting buckles (408) are arranged around the outer wall of the ring sleeve (407), and the ring sleeve (407) is movably connected with the pressure rod (406) through the limiting buckle (408).

7. The automatic filling and sealing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sleeve plate (401) is provided with a connecting frame (410), the interior of the connecting frame (410) is provided with an auxiliary frame (409), the auxiliary frame (409) is fixedly connected to the support plate (403), the outer end of the connecting frame (410) is provided with an insertion rod (411), and the surface of the auxiliary frame (409) is provided with a plurality of groups of insertion holes penetrating the auxiliary frame (409).

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