Fracturing blowout erosion-resistant reducing oil nozzle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of oil well fracturing, in particular to a fracturing blowout erosion-resistant reducing oil nozzle. Comprising an upper connector, a lower connector and a valve element, the first end of the upper connector is connected with a pipeline, a first boss is arranged in the center of the second end of the upper connector, and the upper connector is provided with at least one first through hole penetrating through the first end face and the second end face of the upper connector; a first groove is formed in the center of the first end of the lower connector and connected with the first boss, the lower connector is provided with at least one second through hole penetrating through the first end face and the second end face of the lower connector, and the second through hole corresponds to the first through hole. A connecting through hole is formed in the center of the valve element, a plurality of third through holes with different diameters are formed in the periphery of the connecting through hole, the valve element is rotationally arranged between the upper connector and the lower connector, the connecting through hole is connected to the first boss in a sleeved mode, and the third through holes correspond to the first through hole and the second through hole. At present, an oil nozzle used on a fracturing site has a single aperture, and a blowout gate needs to be temporarily closed every time the oil nozzle is replaced, so that the disassembly is inconvenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of oil well fracturing, in particular to a fracturing blowout erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle. Background Art

[0002] After the completion of hydraulic fracturing of oil and water wells, due to the high formation pressure and incomplete closure of the fractures, the fracturing fluid column presents the characteristics of high pressure, fast flow rate and high sand content in the initial stage of release, resulting in a large amount of sand spitting out of the formation and reducing the effectiveness of the measures. Therefore, the common practice after fracturing is to use the following method according to the change of wellhead pressure: The nozzles increase their aperture step by step to achieve the purpose of controlling the blowout. At present, the nozzles used in fracturing sites are all of a single aperture. Each time the nozzle is replaced, the blowout gate needs to be temporarily closed and part of the hard blowout pipeline needs to be removed for replacement. Each replacement takes about an hour. During this period, due to the fracturing fluid with fracturing sand in the fracturing string in the wellbore, it is very likely that the sand will settle and the packer will get stuck, resulting in quality accidents. It is urgent to develop a tool that can control the blowout flow rate without replacing the nozzle during the blowout process. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a fracturing and spraying erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle, so as to solve the problem that the existing oil nozzles with different apertures need to be disassembled and replaced on the fracturing site.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A fracturing and blowout erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle comprises an upper joint, a lower joint and a valve core, wherein the first end of the upper joint is connected to a pipeline, a first boss is arranged at the center of the second end of the upper joint, and the upper joint is provided with at least one first through hole penetrating the first end face and the second end face of the upper joint; a first groove is arranged at the center of the first end of the lower joint, the first groove is connected to the first boss, the lower joint is provided with at least one second through hole penetrating the first end face and the second end face of the lower joint, and the second through hole corresponds to the first through hole; a connecting through hole is opened at the center of the valve core, and a plurality of third through holes of different diameters are opened around the connecting through hole, the valve core is rotatably arranged between the upper joint and the lower joint, the connecting through hole is sleeved on the first boss, and the third through hole corresponds to the first through hole and the second through hole.

[0006] Optionally, a second boss is further provided at the second end of the upper joint, the diameter of the second boss is larger than that of the first boss, and the valve core is rotatably connected to the second boss.

[0007] Optionally, a dust cover is also included, and the dust cover is installed on the periphery of the valve core.

[0008] Optionally, a third boss is further provided on the side of the second end of the upper joint, the diameter of the third boss is greater than the diameter of the first boss, and the third boss is used to install the dust cover.

[0009] Optionally, the third through hole is provided with a nozzle, and the diameter of the nozzle matches that of the third through hole.

[0010] Optionally, the first end of the valve core is rotatably connected to the upper joint via a first sealed bearing, and the second end of the valve core is rotatably connected to the lower joint via a second sealed bearing.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a sealing ring, and there are multiple sealing rings, which are respectively arranged at the connection between the upper joint, the valve core, and the lower joint for sealing.

[0012] Optionally, a locking mechanism is further included, which is arranged at the connection between the valve core and the upper joint, and / or at the connection between the valve core and the lower joint, and the locking mechanism is used to fix the rotation position of the valve core. When the third through hole is connected to the first through hole and the second through hole, the locking mechanism temporarily fixes the valve core, and when the valve core is moved, the locking mechanism is released.

[0013] Optionally, a first cavity is provided inside the upper joint, the first cavity is connected to the first end of the upper joint and the first through hole, and a second cavity is provided inside the lower joint, the second cavity is connected to the second end of the lower joint and the second through hole.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes a toggle mechanism, which is arranged on the outer surface of the valve core and is used to toggle the valve core to rotate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The utility model provides a fracturing blowdown erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle, which can adjust the diameter of the blowdown nozzle according to different reservoir conditions and fracturing process parameters, achieve the best flow state of the blowdown liquid, and improve the blowdown efficiency and fracturing effect.

[0017] 2. The utility model adopts the structure of valve core and positioning mechanism, so that the oil nozzle can stay at different through-hole positions, temporarily fix the diameter size, avoid frequent rotation and wear of the oil nozzle, and enhance the erosion resistance and service life of the oil nozzle.

[0018] 3. The utility model sets a nozzle on the third through hole of the valve core so that the diameter of the nozzle matches the third through hole, improves the flow state of the spraying liquid, reduces the wear of the oil nozzle, increases the kinetic energy of the spraying liquid, and promotes the expansion of formation cracks.

[0019] 4. The utility model is also provided with a plurality of sealing rings and cavities for sealing and buffering the passage for releasing the spraying liquid, thereby preventing the leakage and impact of the fracturing fluid and protecting the oil nozzle and the reservoir. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle for fracturing and spraying.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fracturing and blowdown erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle of the utility model.

[0022] Among them, 1-upper joint, 2-lower joint, 3-valve core, 4-first boss, 5-second boss, 6-third boss, 7-first through hole, 8-second through hole, 9-third through hole, 10-nozzle, 11-first closed bearing, 12-second closed bearing, 13-dust cover, 14-sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0024] The following detailed descriptions are all exemplary descriptions, and are intended to provide further detailed descriptions of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a fracturing and blowout erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle comprises an upper joint 1, a lower joint 2 and a valve core 3, the first end of the upper joint 1 is connected to a pipeline, a first boss 4 is arranged at the center of the second end of the upper joint 1, and the upper joint 1 is provided with at least one first through hole 7 penetrating the first end face and the second end face of the upper joint 1; a first groove is arranged at the center of the first end of the lower joint 2, the first groove is connected to the first boss 4, the lower joint 2 is provided with at least one second through hole 8 penetrating the first end face and the second end face of the lower joint 2, and the second through hole 8 corresponds to the first through hole 7; a connecting through hole is opened at the center of the valve core 3, and a plurality of third through holes 9 of different diameters are opened around the connecting through hole, the valve core 3 is rotatably arranged between the upper joint 1 and the lower joint 2, the connecting through hole is sleeved on the first boss 4, and the third through hole 9 corresponds to the first through hole 7 and the second through hole 8.

[0026] Specifically, the upper joint 1 and the lower joint 2 are respectively connected to the pipeline to form a channel, and the valve core 3 can rotate in the channel to change the diameter of the third through hole 9, thereby changing the size of the discharge flow. The valve core 3 can have multiple third through holes 9, and the aperture of each third through hole 9 can be different. When there are two first through holes 7 and two second through holes 8, the third through holes 9 can be set as a group with two of the same aperture, and multiple groups of third through holes 9 with different apertures are set, corresponding to the positions of the first through holes 7 and the second through holes 8, respectively. Specifically, each group of third through holes 9 can be distributed in a circular array around the cross section of the valve core 3. By analogy, when there are multiple first through holes 7 and second through holes 8, the third through holes 9 are set according to this method; the connection between the first boss 4 and the first groove can be threaded to ensure the stability of the valve core 3, and the upper joint 1 and the lower joint 2 are fixedly connected, so that the valve core 3 can rotate relative to the upper joint 1 and the lower joint 2, preventing the valve core 3 from falling off. The correspondence between the first through hole 7 and the second through hole 8 facilitates the third through hole 9 of the valve core 3 to be aligned with the first through hole 7 and the second through hole 8 respectively.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, as a preferred example, the second end of the upper joint 1 is further provided with a second boss 5, the diameter of the second boss 5 is larger than the first boss 4, and the valve core 3 is rotatably connected to the second boss 5. Specifically, the valve core 3 can rotate around the second boss 5, and the first end of the valve core 3 can be provided with a groove, which is sleeved on the second boss 5.

[0028] As a preferred example, a dust cover 13 is further included, and the dust cover 13 is installed on the periphery of the valve core 3. Specifically, it can be set at the connection between the valve core 3 and the upper joint 1, or at the connection between the valve core 3 and the lower joint 2. The setting of the dust cover 13 protects the outer surface of the valve core 3, prevents the sand and impurities in the fracturing fluid from eroding and wearing the valve core 3, and prolongs the service life of the valve core 3.

[0029] As a preferred example, a third boss 6 is further provided on the side of the second end of the upper joint 1. The diameter of the third boss 6 is greater than the diameter of the first boss 4. The third boss 6 is used to install the dust cover 13. The outer circumferential distance between the third boss 6 and the upper joint 1 can be only the thickness of the dust cover 13, so that the device can form a smooth outer surface. The provision of the third boss 6 provides a fixed support for the dust cover 13, so that the dust cover 13 will not loosen or fall off due to the rotation of the valve core 3, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the dust cover 13.

[0030] As a preferred example, the third through hole 9 is provided with a nozzle 10, and the diameter of the nozzle 10 matches the third through hole 9. The provision of the nozzle 10 enhances the erosion resistance of the valve core 3, so that the valve core 3 can withstand higher pressure and flow rate. At the same time, the diameter of the nozzle 10 matches the diameter of the third through hole 9, which ensures the sealing performance of the valve core 3 and prevents leakage of the fracturing fluid.

[0031] As a preferred example, the first end of the valve core 3 is rotatably connected to the upper joint 1 through the first sealed bearing 11, and the second end of the valve core 3 is rotatably connected to the lower joint 2 through the second sealed bearing 12. The provision of the first sealed bearing 11 and the second sealed bearing 12 reduces the rotation resistance of the valve core 3, so that the valve core 3 can rotate more smoothly. At the same time, the first sealed bearing 11 and the second sealed bearing 12 also play a sealing role, preventing the fracturing fluid from leaking from both ends of the valve core 3. The provision of the dust cover 13 can also prevent dust from contaminating the first sealed bearing 11 and / or the second sealed bearing 12.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, as a preferred example, it also includes a sealing ring 14. There are multiple sealing rings 14, which are respectively arranged at the connection between the upper joint 1, the valve core 3, and the lower joint 2 for sealing.

[0033] The provision of the sealing ring 14 further enhances the sealing performance of the valve core 3 , prevents the fracturing fluid from leaking from the connection of the valve core 3 , and ensures the working efficiency of the valve core 3 .

[0034] As a preferred example, it also includes a locking mechanism, which is arranged at the connection between the valve core 3 and the upper joint 1, and / or at the connection between the valve core 3 and the lower joint 2. The locking mechanism is used to fix the rotation position of the valve core 3. When the third through hole 9 is connected with the first through hole 7 and the second through hole 8, the locking mechanism temporarily fixes the valve core 3. When the valve core 3 is moved, the locking mechanism is released.

[0035] The locking mechanism can be a spring, a spring, a spring pin, a claw, a clamping ring or other suitable locking device, one end of which is fixed on the outer surface of the valve core 3, and the other end cooperates with the groove or boss on the inner surface of the upper joint 1 or the lower joint 2 to form a locking point. When the valve core 3 rotates to the locking point, one end of the locking mechanism is stuck, so that the valve core 3 cannot continue to rotate. When the valve core 3 is turned, one end of the locking mechanism is pushed out of the locking point, so that the valve core 3 can continue to rotate. The number and position of the locking mechanism can be determined according to the number and position of the through holes of the valve core 3, so that each through hole has a corresponding locking point.

[0036] The locking mechanism can be set at any of the upper joint 1, the valve core 3, and the lower joint 2. Specifically, the locking mechanism can be a slider. The first end of the slider is spherical and the second end is connected to a spring. The slider can slide in the slide groove. The slide groove can be set at any of the upper joint 1, the valve core 3, and the lower joint 2. The first end of the slider normally extends out of the slide groove and cooperates with the hemispherical groove to lock. The hemispherical groove can be set on a component opposite to the slide groove. There can be multiple hemispherical grooves, which are distributed in a circular array around the center of the circle on the connecting surface. When the third through hole 9 of the valve core 3 is aligned with the first through hole 7 and the second through hole 8, the first end of the slider is locked in the hemispherical groove. When the valve core 3 is rotated, the slider receives the pressure of the hemispherical groove and shrinks into the slide groove and disengages from the hemispherical groove.

[0037] As a preferred example, a first cavity is provided inside the upper joint 1, the first cavity connects the first end of the upper joint 1 and the first through hole 7, and a second cavity is provided inside the lower joint 2, the second cavity connects the second end of the lower joint 2 and the second through hole 8.

[0038] A first cavity is provided inside the upper joint 1, and the first cavity is connected to the first end of the upper joint 1 and the first through hole 7. A second cavity is provided inside the lower joint 2, and the second cavity is connected to the second end of the lower joint 2 and the second through hole 8. The first cavity and the second cavity are used to buffer the pressure fluctuation of the spray liquid and reduce the impact of the oil nozzle.

[0039] The first cavity and the second cavity can be cylindrical, conical or other shaped cavities, and their volumes and shapes can be determined according to the sizes of the upper joint 1 and the lower joint 2 and the pressure and flow rate of the spray liquid, so that the first cavity and the second cavity can effectively absorb the pressure fluctuations of the spray liquid and protect the oil nozzle.

[0040] As a preferred example, a toggle mechanism is further included. The toggle mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the valve core 3 and is used to toggle the valve core 3 to rotate.

[0041] It also includes a toggle mechanism, which is arranged on the outer surface of the valve core 3 and is used to toggle the valve core 3 to rotate and change the diameter of the nozzle 10. The toggle mechanism can be a special wrench or other suitable devices, such as an electric motor, a hydraulic cylinder, etc.

[0042] The structure and working principle of the toggle mechanism can be determined according to the rotation mode and torque requirements of the valve core 3, so that the toggle mechanism can be conveniently connected to the outer surface of the valve core 3, realize accurate and smooth rotation of the valve core 3, and adjust the diameter of the nozzle 10.

[0043] The special wrench can be a manual tool with a claw, one end of which cooperates with the groove or boss on the outer surface of the valve core 3, and the other end is a handle. The valve core 3 is rotated by manual force to change the diameter of the nozzle 10.

[0044] The electric motor or hydraulic cylinder can be an automatic tool with a transmission device, one end of which cooperates with the gear or chain on the outer surface of the valve core 3, and the other end is a motor or hydraulic pump, which drives the valve core 3 to rotate through electricity or hydraulic pressure to change the diameter of the nozzle 10.

[0045] It is known from common technical knowledge that the present invention can be implemented by other embodiments that do not deviate from its spirit or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed above are only illustrative in all respects and are not exclusive. All changes within the scope of the present invention or within the scope equivalent to the present invention are included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A fracturing blowdown erosion-resistant variable-diameter nozzle, characterized in that: include, An upper joint (1), wherein a first end of the upper joint (1) is connected to a pipeline, a first boss (4) is provided at the center of a second end of the upper joint (1), and the upper joint (1) is provided with at least one first through hole (7) penetrating a first end surface and a second end surface of the upper joint (1); A lower joint (2), wherein a first groove is provided at the center of a first end of the lower joint (2), the first groove is connected to the first boss (4), the lower joint (2) is provided with at least one second through hole (8) penetrating the first end surface and the second end surface of the lower joint (2), the second through hole (8) corresponding to the first through hole (7); A valve core (3), wherein a connecting through hole is formed at the center of the valve core (3), and a plurality of third through holes (9) of different diameters are formed around the connecting through hole. The valve core (3) is rotatably arranged between the upper joint (1) and the lower joint (2), and the connecting through hole is sleeved on the first boss (4). The third through hole (9) corresponds to the first through hole (7) and the second through hole (8).

2. The erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle for fracturing and blowdown according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end of the upper joint (1) is also provided with a second boss (5), the diameter of the second boss (5) is larger than that of the first boss (4), and the valve core (3) is rotatably connected to the second boss (5).

3. The erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle for fracturing and blowdown according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a dust cover (13), wherein the dust cover (13) is installed on the periphery of the valve core (3).

4. The erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle for fracturing and blowdown according to claim 3, characterized in that: A third boss (6) is also provided on the side of the second end of the upper joint (1); the diameter of the third boss (6) is greater than the diameter of the first boss (4); and the third boss (6) is used to install the dust cover (13).

5. The erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle for fracturing and blowdown according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third through hole (9) is provided with a nozzle (10), and the diameter of the nozzle (10) matches that of the third through hole (9).

6. The erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle for fracturing and blowdown according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end of the valve core (3) is rotatably connected to the upper joint (1) via a first sealed bearing (11), and the second end of the valve core (3) is rotatably connected to the lower joint (2) via a second sealed bearing (12).

7. The erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle for fracturing and blowdown according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a sealing ring (14), wherein a plurality of sealing rings (14) are respectively arranged at the connection between the upper joint (1), the valve core (3) and the lower joint (2) for sealing.

8. The erosion-resistant variable-diameter nozzle for fracturing and blowdown according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a locking mechanism, which is arranged at the connection between the valve core (3) and the upper joint (1), and / or at the connection between the valve core (3) and the lower joint (2). The locking mechanism is used to fix the rotational position of the valve core (3). When the third through hole (9) is connected with the first through hole (7) and the second through hole (8), the locking mechanism temporarily fixes the valve core (3). When the valve core (3) is moved, the locking mechanism is released.

9. The erosion-resistant variable-diameter nozzle for fracturing and blowdown according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first cavity is provided inside the upper joint (1), the first cavity being connected to the first end of the upper joint (1) and the first through hole (7), and a second cavity is provided inside the lower joint (2), the second cavity being connected to the second end of the lower joint (2) and the second through hole (8).

10. The erosion-resistant variable-diameter oil nozzle for fracturing and blowdown according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a toggle mechanism, which is arranged on the outer surface of the valve core (3) and is used to toggle the valve core (3) to rotate.

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