Mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing

Abstract

A mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing comprises a static ring (3), a moving ring (4) and a bearing seat for accommodating the static ring (3) and the moving ring (4), the moving ring (4) is nested in the static ring (3), both the static ring (3) and the moving ring (4) are magnetic steel, opposite working surfaces of the static ring (3) and the moving ring (4) are inclined surfaces, and the opposite working surfaces have the same magnetic polarity; the moving ring (4) is accommodated and fixed in the moving ring sheath (5); the moving ring sheath (5) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (1); the static ring (3) is contained and fixed in the static ring sheath (2), and the bearing seat is fixedly connected with an equipment shell (such as a motor shell and a water pump seat). The concentricity of the magnetic suspension bearing and the rotating shaft is improved, the self-positioning of axial self-balance and radial self-balance of the magnetic suspension bearing on the suspension support of the rotating shaft and the rotor is realized, the moving ring can be in a complete suspension state relative to the static ring, and the bearing capacity and the suspension rigidity of the magnetic suspension bearing are enhanced, so that the service life is obviously prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension bearings, and specifically to a mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing, which utilizes the principle of magnetic field repulsion between the same poles to achieve contactless relative suspension between the moving ring and the stationary ring of the magnetic suspension bearing, so as to replace the ordinary bearing in the prior art. The mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing of the utility model can be widely used in any rotating mechanical equipment with a shaft system, for example, especially submersible pumps, deep well pumps, pipeline pumps, sewage pumps and other pump equipment. Background Art

[0002] There are many shaft-based rotating machines in industrial production, such as centrifuges, molecular pumps, flywheel energy storage power supply units, etc. In these shaft-based rotating machines, bearings are required to support the shafts.

[0003] The cost of using ordinary bearings is indeed very low. However, ordinary bearings need to rub against the balls during operation, and the speed is severely limited, so they cannot meet high speed requirements. In addition, the large friction will generate more heat energy, and oil lubrication is also required. In particular, its axial bearing capacity is limited. When the axial force is relatively large, it is difficult for ordinary bearings to achieve long-term operation and they are easily damaged, so their service life is short. Once the bearing is damaged and not replaced in time, it will affect or damage the equipment. For example, damage to the bearing used to support the motor in the water pump can easily cause oil leakage from the motor and pollute the water source.

[0004] In order to achieve high-speed rotating support, the rotating part of the bearing must be completely separated from the fixed part, so that the rotating part of the bearing is completely suspended to reduce bearing loss and increase bearing life. At present, magnetic suspension bearings have been widely used. Magnetic suspension bearings mainly include permanent magnetic suspension bearings, electromagnetic suspension bearings and hybrid magnetic suspension bearings.

[0005] Magnetic bearing is a component that uses the principle of magnetic force to achieve axial support. It is generally composed of fixed magnetic poles and floating magnetic poles, and achieves contactless support between the shaft and the bearing through the action of magnetic force. The specific working principle is as follows:

[0006] 1. Magnetic field generation: The fixed magnetic poles in the magnetic bearing generate a stable magnetic field, and electromagnetic coils or permanent magnets are generally used to generate magnetic force.

[0007] 2. Magnetic induction: The magnetic poles in the floating magnetic field sense the magnetic field of the fixed magnetic poles, generating an equal or opposite magnetic force.

[0008] 3. Magnetic balance: The magnetic force in the floating pole is balanced with gravity or other external forces. By controlling the current or magnetic force, adjusting the strength of the electromagnetic coil or permanent magnet, the bearing is suspended in the magnetic field and the contact force with the shaft is zero.

[0009] 4. Control system: The magnetic bearing uses sensors to monitor the position and posture of the shaft in real time and transmits the signal to the control system. The control system adjusts the magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil or permanent magnet according to the received signal so that the contact force between the bearing and the shaft remains within the predetermined range.

[0010] 5. Power transmission: When the shaft rotates, since the magnetic bearing has no direct contact with the shaft, the bearing can support the rotation of the shaft without friction, achieving precise positioning and high-speed rotation.

[0011] In short, magnetic bearings use magnetic force to achieve low-loss and long-life support for the shaft system. They have the advantages of no contact, no friction, low noise, low energy consumption, high precision and high speed, and long life. They are widely used in high-speed mechanical equipment, precision processing equipment and other fields.

[0012] However, the electromagnetic suspension bearing cannot be powered off during operation. Once the power is off, the electromagnetic suspension bearing will be damaged. For example, the motor supported by the electromagnetic suspension bearing cannot leak water or oil. Once it leaks water or oil, it will cause damage to the motor and bearing. In addition, the cost of electromagnetic suspension bearings is high, and it cannot be mass-produced and applied. Moreover, the processing technology is complex and the assembly process is demanding. It requires high operating skills of workers and the subsequent maintenance cost is also high.

[0013] Permanent magnetic suspension bearings generally adopt an annular structure, consisting of a static ring and a dynamic ring. The central axes of the two rings coincide with the rotor axis of the rotating machinery. There is a certain axial gap between the two rings. The static ring is fixedly installed on the housing of the rotating machinery through a structural member, and the dynamic ring is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotor. When the permanent magnetic suspension bearing is working, the dynamic ring rotates at high speed with the rotor, and the magnetic attraction or repulsion between the dynamic ring and the static ring realizes the axial suspension of the rotor.

[0014] Permanent magnetic suspension bearings are divided into permanent magnetic attraction bearings and permanent magnetic repulsion bearings. Permanent magnetic suspension bearings are generally used in conjunction with mechanical positioning bearings and electromagnetic active control bearings. Permanent magnetic attraction bearings and rolling bearings form a hybrid bearing shaft system. The two ends of the rotor shaft are respectively connected to the machine housing through mechanical positioning bearings, both of which are rolling bearings. The axial and radial limit functions of the mechanical bearings ensure the axial and radial clearances between the static ring and the rotating parts including the dynamic ring, rotor and shaft.

[0015] Figure 1The figure shows an existing permanent magnetic attraction bearing, which includes a permanent magnetic static ring assembly and a magnetic conductive moving ring 12. The permanent magnetic static ring assembly includes a magnetic conductive static ring 13 and an assembled permanent magnetic ring 14. The assembled permanent magnetic ring 14 is a circular magnetic ring assembled from fan-shaped permanent magnets. The assembled permanent magnetic ring 14 is adsorbed in the magnetic conductive static ring 13 and locked with a fixing screw. The magnetic conductive moving ring 12 is installed on the shaft at the upper part of the rotor through a threaded connection. The permanent magnetic static ring assembly is above the magnetic conductive moving ring 12 and fixed on the machine housing. There is an axial gap between the permanent magnetic static ring assembly and the magnetic conductive moving ring 12. The upper and lower ends of the rotor shaft are supported by an upper bearing 15 and a lower bearing 16 respectively and are rotatably connected to the machine housing. Under the action of the strong magnetic field generated by the assembled permanent magnetic ring 14, a permanent magnetic attraction is formed between the permanent magnetic static ring assembly and the magnetic conductive moving ring, and the rotor is in a suspended state when rotating at high speed.

[0016] Although this permanent magnetic suction bearing can bear 90-95% of the weight of the rotor, and the bearing capacity is greatly enhanced, the suction or repulsion of this permanent magnetic suspension bearing is unstable. The rotor is prone to deviation and failure when rotating at high speed for a long time, so that the corresponding equipment (such as water pumps, etc.) will not work properly, which will affect the service life of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the structure and relative installation form of the static ring and the dynamic ring of the permanent magnetic suspension bearing.

[0017] In addition, the bearing capacity of the annular permanent magnetic bearing is also limited, usually not exceeding 1000N. The bearing capacity of the permanent magnetic bearing is limited by the size of the permanent magnetic ring, and the rotation speed of the permanent magnetic bearing is limited by the strength of the magnetic ring. At present, due to the limitations of the specifications of the magnetizer in China, the outer diameter of the magnetic ring is difficult to be greater than 120mm, so the permanent magnetic bearing of the existing technology cannot provide the required large bearing capacity.

[0018] In view of the above problems, the inventor has conducted in-depth research and numerous tests on permanent magnetic suspension bearings in production practice, and now proposes the present utility model. Utility Model Content

[0019] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing, which aims to improve the concentricity of the bearing to the rotating shaft, improve the bearing capacity and extend the service life of the product by changing the structure of the dynamic ring and the static ring and their relative installation form.

[0020] The technical solution provided by the utility model to solve the above technical problems is:

[0021] A mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing, characterized in that: it includes a static ring, a dynamic ring and a bearing seat for accommodating the static ring and the dynamic ring, the dynamic ring is nested inside the static ring, the relative working surfaces of the static ring and the dynamic ring are inclined surfaces and the magnetic polarities of the relative working surfaces are the same; the dynamic ring is accommodated and fixed in a dynamic ring sleeve, and the dynamic ring sleeve is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft; the static ring is accommodated and fixed in a static ring sleeve, and the static ring sleeve is accommodated and fixed in the bearing seat; a protective ring is also sleeved between the rotating shaft and the dynamic ring sleeve.

[0022] Furthermore, the moving ring is a truncated cone with a center hole, the moving ring sleeve is nested in the center hole and covers the bottom surface of the moving ring, and an axial hole is provided in the center of the moving ring sleeve, and the axial hole is used to pass the rotating shaft.

[0023] Furthermore, the stationary ring is a hollow cylinder, the shape of the hollow part of the cylinder is exactly matched with the frustum of the dynamic ring; the outer periphery of the stationary ring is sleeved with the stationary ring sleeve adapted to its shape, and the stationary ring sleeve is coaxial with the dynamic ring sleeve.

[0024] Furthermore, the angle of the relative working surfaces of the static ring and the dynamic ring relative to the central axis of the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing is 30-60 degrees, preferably 32-58 degrees, 35-55 degrees, 37-52 degrees, 38-51 degrees, 40-50 degrees, 42-48 degrees, 44-46 degrees, and most preferably 45 degrees.

[0025] Furthermore, the static ring and the dynamic ring are made of magnetic steel selected from aluminum nickel cobalt magnetic steel, ferrite magnetic steel and neodymium iron boron magnetic steel.

[0026] Furthermore, the magnetic flux density of the magnetic steel ranges from 1.0 to 300 T, which can be selected as 1.0-50 T, 50-100 T, 100-150 T, 150-200 T, 200-250 T, 250-300 T, including the endpoint values ​​of the above ranges; and can also be selected as the midpoint values ​​of the above ranges of 25 T, 75 T, 125 T, 175 T, 225 T, 275 T.

[0027] Furthermore, the suspension air gap between the relative working surfaces of the static ring and the dynamic ring is 0.2-3 mm, optionally 0.3-2 mm, preferably 0.5-1.2 mm, and most preferably 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0028] Furthermore, the repulsive force between the static ring and the dynamic ring ranges from 100 to 50000N.

[0029] Furthermore, the static ring and the dynamic ring are demagnetized.

[0030] Furthermore, the surfaces of the stationary ring and the dynamic ring are covered with a protective layer, and the protective layer is an electroplated nickel layer, a zinc layer, a gold layer or a chromium layer, or a sprayed epoxy resin layer.

[0031] Furthermore, the magnetic steel is manufactured by splicing and assembling stacked, assembled or slotted magnetic steel sheets.

[0032] Furthermore, the dynamic ring sheath adopts a stainless steel body inlaid with a high-density composite alloy material, and the static ring sheath adopts a high-density hot-pressed composite material, both of which are selected from composite low-temperature silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, antimony-impregnated graphite, YG5 or W1.

[0033] Beneficial technical effects of the utility model:

[0034] The mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing of the utility model improves the concentricity of the magnetic suspension bearing and the rotating shaft by changing the structure of the static ring and the dynamic ring and the relative installation form, especially designing the relative working surfaces of the static ring and the dynamic ring as mutually compatible inclined surfaces, so that the magnetic suspension bearing can achieve "self-positioning" (axial self-balancing and radial self-balancing) for supporting the rotating shaft, and the dynamic ring can be in a completely suspended state relative to the static ring, and the rotating shaft is suspended and supported; at the same time, the bearing capacity of the magnetic suspension bearing is enhanced, and the suspension rigidity of the bearing is improved, thereby significantly extending the service life of the product.

[0035] The inventor has conducted multiple internal tests on the test samples of the utility model and found that the technical effect is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a traditional permanent magnetic suspension bearing in the prior art;

[0037] Figure 2 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the structure and the use state of the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing.

[0038] In the figure: 1-rotating shaft, 2-static ring sleeve, 3-static ring, 4-moving ring, 5-moving ring sleeve, 6-rotor, 7-stator, 8-protective ring, 9-upper bearing seat, 10-lower bearing seat, 11-bearing seat locating ring; 12-magnetic moving ring, 13-magnetic static ring, 14-assembled permanent magnet ring, 15-upper bearing, 16-lower bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further illustrated and described below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing of the utility model comprises a static ring 3 and a dynamic ring 4 which are nested with each other and a bearing seat for accommodating the static ring 3 and the dynamic ring 4, the dynamic ring 4 is nested inside the static ring 3, the relative working surfaces of the static ring 3 and the dynamic ring 4 are inclined surfaces, the static ring 3 and the dynamic ring 4 are both made of magnetic steel, and the magnetic polarity of the relative working surfaces of the static ring 3 and the dynamic ring 4 are the same (both are N poles or both are S poles); the dynamic ring 4 is accommodated and fixed in a dynamic ring sleeve 5, and the dynamic ring sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 1; the static ring 3 is accommodated and fixed in a static ring sleeve 2, and the static ring sleeve 2 is accommodated and fixed in the bearing seat.

[0041] The mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing can be installed on a device casing (such as a motor casing, a water pump seat, etc.), and is arranged at both ends of a rotating shaft (such as a motor shaft) to support the rotating shaft.

[0042] The improvement of the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing of the utility model lies in that the structure of the static ring and the dynamic ring and their relative installation form are changed, and the relative working surfaces of the static ring and the dynamic ring are designed to be mutually compatible inclined surfaces, so that the axial force and radial force of the bearing are balanced respectively, thereby improving the concentricity of the magnetic bearing and the rotating shaft, so that the dynamic ring can be in a completely suspended state relative to the static ring, so that the rotating shaft is suspended and supported.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the moving ring 4 is a truncated cone with a small top and a large bottom (or a large top and a small bottom), and the moving ring 4 has a central hole, in which a moving ring sheath 5 is nested, which can cover the bottom surface of the moving ring 4 and the central hole, and the center of the moving ring sheath 5 is provided with an axial hole, and the axial hole is used to pass the rotating shaft. Moreover, the angle of the generatrix of the truncated cone relative to the central axis of the truncated cone (i.e., the angle of the inclined plane relative to the working surface) is 30-60 degrees, preferably 32-58 degrees, 35-55 degrees, 37-52 degrees, 38-51 degrees, 40-50 degrees, 42-48 degrees, 44-46 degrees, and most preferably 45 degrees.

[0044] Correspondingly, the stationary ring 3 is a hollow cylinder, the shape of the hollow part of which is just matched with the truncated cone of the moving ring 4, that is, the hollow part just accommodates the truncated cone of the moving ring 4. The outer periphery of the stationary ring 3 is sleeved with a stationary ring sleeve 2 (equivalent to a bearing sleeve) that is adapted to its shape, which is roughly cylindrical. The stationary ring sleeve 2 is coaxial with the moving ring sleeve 5.

[0045] As the most preferred technical solution of the utility model, the relative working surfaces of the static ring 3 and the dynamic ring 4 are designed to be 45-degree inclined surfaces that match each other. This optimal angle design can better realize the axial self-balancing and radial self-balancing between the static ring and the dynamic ring, realize true "self-positioning", further improve the concentricity of the bearing and the rotating shaft, and the dynamic ring can realize complete magnetic suspension operation relative to the static ring. At the same time, it can better offset the impact force on the rotor 6 caused by uneven external force, which is beneficial to increase the rotation speed of the rotating shaft.

[0046] There is a suitable suspension air gap between the relative working surfaces of the static ring 3 and the dynamic ring 4. The size of the suspension air gap needs to be specifically designed and selected according to parameters such as the specifications and models of the product (for example, the flow rate, head, motor power and maximum outer diameter of the pump body). It is generally designed to be 0.2-3mm, and can be optionally 0.3-2mm, preferably 0.5-1.2mm, and most preferably 0.3-0.5mm. Since the dynamic ring is in a suspended state relative to the static ring, the rotational friction resistance and friction loss between the two are eliminated, and mutual friction and wear are avoided. This not only improves the transmission efficiency of the rotating shaft, but also extends the service life of the static ring, the dynamic ring and the magnetic bearing product, thereby reducing the operating cost of the equipment.

[0047] The utility model selects magnetic steel as the material of the static ring and the dynamic ring. The use of magnetic steel as a permanent magnetic material can effectively avoid the occurrence of failures caused by demagnetization of general magnets or power failure of electromagnets.

[0048] In the utility model, the magnetizing directions for magnetizing the static ring and the dynamic ring are perpendicular to their respective inclined planes, so that the magnetizing effect is good.

[0049] The magnetic steel adopted in the utility model is a super-hard permanent magnetic alloy (permanent magnet), including Al-Ni-Co magnetic steel, ferrite magnetic steel and NdFeB magnetic steel, wherein NdFeB magnetic steel is further divided into sintered NdFeB and bonded NdFeB.

[0050] As a most preferred technical solution of the utility model, the static ring and the dynamic ring are made of NdFeB magnets to generate strong magnetic force, and the magnetic induction strength of the relative NdFeB magnets is equal to achieve mutual balance of axial repulsion and radial repulsion, so that the dynamic ring can be completely suspended relative to the static ring and the central axis positions of the two are fixed without deviation.

[0051] For example, specifically, the utility model can use the following grades and properties of NdFeB magnets to manufacture the dynamic ring and the static ring:

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] For example, the maximum operating temperatures of N35H, N35SH, and N35UH can reach 120°C, 150°C, and 180°C, respectively.

[0055] Note: (1) All grades such as N35-N52, N56, and N62 are applicable to the present invention and are not limited to the grades listed in the above table.

[0056] (2) Among the grades, the six types of products, namely, low coercivity N, medium coercivity M, high coercivity H, extra-high coercivity SH, ultra-high coercivity UH, and extremely high coercivity EH, are all suitable for the present invention.

[0057] The surfaces of the stationary ring and the dynamic ring are covered with a protective layer to protect the stationary ring and the dynamic ring from being damaged by collision. The stationary ring and the dynamic ring are subjected to surface coating treatment, such as electroplating nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), gold (Au), chromium (Cr), or spraying (coating) epoxy resin on their surfaces to form a corresponding protective layer.

[0058] In the present invention, the design range of the magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet is generally selected as 1.0-300T, and can be specifically selected as 1.0-50T, 50-100T, 100-150T, 150-200T, 200-250T, 250-300T, including the endpoint values ​​of the above ranges; and can also be selected as the middle point values ​​of the above ranges, such as 25T, 75T, 125T, 175T, 225T, 275T, etc.

[0059] Moreover, the repulsive force between the static ring and the dynamic ring can have a wide range, and is designed to be 100-50000N according to the use environment of the magnetic bearing of the utility model and the needs of the applicable equipment. For example, it can be selected as 100-2500N, 2500-5000N, 5000-7500N, 7500-10000N, 10000-12500N, 12500-15000N, 15000-17500N, 17500-20000N, 20000-22500N, 22500-25000N, 25000-2 7500N, 27500-30000N, 30000-32500N, 32500-35000N, 35000-37500N, 37500-40000N, 40000-42500N, 42500-45000N, 45000-47500N, 47500-50000N, including the endpoint values ​​of the above ranges. And you can also choose the middle point value of the above-mentioned ranges, for example, 1250N, 3750N, 6250N, 8750N, 11250N, 13750N, 16250N, 18750N, 21250N, 23750N, 26250N, 28750N, 31250N, 33750N, 36250N, 38750N, 41250N, 43750N, 46250N, 48750N, etc.

[0060] Therefore, the magnetic suspension bearing of the utility model can obtain a greater bearing capacity, thereby ensuring the supporting effect and stability of the magnetic suspension bearing.

[0061] After long-term use of the magnetic bearing of the utility model, some of the magnetic steel therein may fail. For general occasions, the static ring or the dynamic ring can use an integrated magnetic steel. For occasions requiring a larger load-bearing capacity, the static ring or the dynamic ring can be assembled by splicing and assembling a stacked, assembled or slotted magnetic steel sheet, which makes it easy to replace part of the stacked sheets of the permanent magnet, which can not only ensure a larger load-bearing capacity, but also significantly reduce maintenance costs.

[0062] The static ring and the dynamic ring are both demagnetized to extend their service life.

[0063] In the present utility model, the materials of the dynamic ring sheath and the static ring sheath are selected as follows:

[0064] The dynamic ring sheath adopts a stainless steel body inlaid with high-density composite alloy materials, such as composite low-temperature silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, antimony-impregnated graphite, YG5 or W1 alloys, which have higher density and stronger hardness. The static ring sheath adopts high-density hot-pressed composite materials, such as composite low-temperature silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide, antimony-impregnated graphite, YG5 or W1 alloys.

[0065] The functions of the dynamic ring sleeve and the static ring sleeve are: (1) protecting the magnetic bearing and enhancing its impact resistance and load capacity; (2) protecting the magnetic bearing and preventing it from being damaged during the assembly process; (3) enhancing the stability of the operation of the magnetic bearing; (4) simplifying the assembly process requirements of the magnetic bearing to a certain extent; and at the same time extending the service life of the magnetic bearing.

[0066] The mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing of the utility model has a stationary ring and a dynamic ring respectively embedded and fixed in the stationary ring protection sleeve and the dynamic ring protection sleeve, and can certainly be embedded and fixed by other means such as bonding.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing of the utility model is provided with a protective ring 8 fixedly sleeved between the rotating shaft 1 and the moving ring sleeve 5, preferably an alloy protective ring, to improve the friction resistance. When the external force is overloaded and transmitted to the magnetic bearing through the rotating shaft, it can protect the magnetic bearing to avoid overload damage to the magnetic bearing or friction wear on the rotating shaft.

[0068] Generally, the bearings used in existing submersible pumps, deep well pumps, ordinary motors or magnetic suspension motors have a lifespan of 6-8 months, or at most one year, so the machine needs to be frequently shut down to replace the bearings. However, by using the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing of the utility model, the lifespan of the bearing can reach more than 10 years, which greatly reduces the frequency of bearing replacement and significantly reduces the economic cost of using bearings and corresponding equipment.

[0069] Figure 2 At the same time, a working and use state of the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing of the utility model is shown.

[0070] When the mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing of the utility model is used in actual production, it should generally be used in pairs. For example, as an example, Figure 2 As shown, a rotor 6 is fixed on the middle section of the rotating shaft 1, and a stator 7 corresponding to the rotor 6 is arranged on the equipment housing, and then the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearings of the utility model are respectively arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft 1, so as to suspend and support the rotating shaft 1 and the rotor 6 thereon. In addition, the two magnetic suspension bearings located at both ends of the rotating shaft should preferably be arranged in opposite directions to each other to form a completely symmetrical form, so that the support of the rotating shaft is completely symmetrical and helps to achieve "self-positioning", that is, to achieve axial self-balancing and radial self-balancing.

[0071] When the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing of the utility model is installed on a rotating shaft, a bearing seat positioning ring 11 should be provided at the bottom of the magnetic bearing to better fix and position the magnetic bearing on the rotating shaft. Figure 2 As shown, a bearing seat locating ring 11 is installed on the bottom surface of the upper bearing seat 9 and on the top surface of the lower bearing seat 10.

[0072] According to the detailed description of the specific implementation methods above, it can be seen that the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing of the utility model changes the structure of the static ring and the dynamic ring and their relative installation form, especially designs the relative working surfaces of the static ring and the dynamic ring as mutually compatible inclined surfaces, and adopts the optimal angle design so that the axial and radial forces are on the same plane, thereby improving the concentricity of the magnetic bearing and the rotating shaft, so that the magnetic bearing can achieve true "self-positioning" (axial self-balancing and radial self-balancing) for the support of the rotating shaft, and the dynamic ring can be in full magnetic suspension operation relative to the static ring, and at the same time, it can also better offset the impact force on the rotor due to uneven external force.

[0073] Moreover, the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing of the utility model enhances the bearing capacity of the magnetic suspension bearing, improves the suspension rigidity and support reliability of the magnetic suspension bearing, and makes the operation of the rotating shaft and its rotor more stable, thus ensuring the high speed requirements of the magnetic suspension bearing and the rotating shaft. Therefore, the use of the mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic suspension bearing of the utility model can extend the service life of the product, make maintenance more convenient, and further reduce maintenance costs.

[0074] It can be seen that the utility model fundamentally avoids the product failure problem caused by the easy failure of ordinary bearings or electromagnetic suspension bearings, solves the problem of short life of general angular bearings, deep groove ball bearings and sleeve thrust bearings due to friction damage, and also solves the technical problem that general bearings generate heat energy due to high-speed friction and affect the insulation of motors.

[0075] The specific implementation methods described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all structures and details in detail. They are only intended to clearly explain the design principles, inventive concepts and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize them. According to the contents of this specification, corresponding modifications and variations can be made. Any technical solution obtained by modifying the design principles and inventive concepts of the present invention without creative work should be deemed to be within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical angular self-positioning magnetic bearing, characterized in that: The invention comprises a stationary ring (3), a moving ring (4) and a bearing seat for accommodating the stationary ring (3) and the moving ring (4); the moving ring (4) is nested inside the stationary ring (3); the relative working surfaces of the stationary ring (3) and the moving ring (4) are inclined surfaces and the magnetic polarities of the relative working surfaces are the same; the moving ring (4) is accommodated and fixed in a moving ring sleeve (5), and the moving ring sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (1); the stationary ring (3) is accommodated and fixed in a stationary ring sleeve (2), and the stationary ring sleeve (2) is accommodated and fixed in the bearing seat; a protective ring (8) is fixedly sleeved between the rotating shaft (1) and the moving ring sleeve (5).

2. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable ring (4) is a truncated cone with a center hole. The movable ring sleeve (5) is nested in the center hole and covers the bottom surface of the movable ring (4). An axial hole is provided at the center of the movable ring sleeve (5), and the axial hole is used to pass the rotating shaft (1).

3. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The stationary ring (3) is a hollow cylinder, the shape of the hollow part of the cylinder is exactly matched with the truncated cone of the dynamic ring (4); the outer periphery of the stationary ring (3) is sleeved with the stationary ring sleeve (2) adapted to its shape, and the stationary ring sleeve (2) is coaxial with the dynamic ring sleeve (5).

4. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The angle between the relative working surfaces of the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) and the central axis of the mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic suspension bearing is 30-60 degrees.

5. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The angle is 32-58 degrees.

6. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle is 35-55 degrees.

7. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle is 37-52 degrees.

8. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The angle is 38-51 degrees.

9. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that: The angle is 40-50 degrees.

10. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that: The angle is 42-48 degrees.

11. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 10, characterized in that: The angle is 44-46 degrees.

12. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 11, characterized in that: The angle is 45 degrees.

13. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to any one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that: The static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) are made of magnetic steel, and the magnetic steel is selected from aluminum nickel cobalt magnetic steel, ferrite magnetic steel and neodymium iron boron magnetic steel.

14. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 13, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the NdFeB magnet is in the range of 1.0-300T.

15. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 14, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the NdFeB magnet is in the range of 1.0-50T, including the end points of the range, 1.0T and 50T, and the middle point of the range, 25T.

16. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 14, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the NdFeB magnet is in the range of 50-100T, including the end point value 100T and the middle point value 75T of the range.

17. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 14, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the NdFeB magnet is in the range of 100-150T, including the end point value 150T and the middle point value 125T of the range.

18. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 14, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the NdFeB magnet is in the range of 150-200T, including the end point value of 200T and the middle point value of 175T.

19. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 14, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the NdFeB magnet is in the range of 200-250T, including the end point value of 250T and the middle point value of 225T.

20. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 14, characterized in that: The magnetic flux density of the NdFeB magnet is in the range of 250-300T, including the end point value of 300T and the middle point value of 275T.

21. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to any one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that: The suspended air gap between the relative working surfaces of the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 0.2-3 mm.

22. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 21, characterized in that: The suspended air gap between the relative working surfaces of the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 0.3-2 mm.

23. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 22, characterized in that: The suspended air gap between the relative working surfaces of the stationary ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 0.5-1.2 mm.

24. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 22, characterized in that: The suspended air gap between the relative working surfaces of the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 0.3-0.5 mm.

25. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 21, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) ranges from 100 to 50,000 N.

26. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) ranges from 100 to 50,000 N.

27. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 100-2500N, including the end values ​​of 100N and 2500N and the middle value of 1250N.

28. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 2500-5000N, including the end point value of 5000N and the middle point value of 3750N.

29. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 5000-7500N, including the end point value of 7500N and the middle point value of 6250N.

30. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 7500-10000N, including the end point value of 10000N and the middle point value of 8750N.

31. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 10000-12500N, including the end point value of 12500N and the middle point value of 11250N.

32. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 12500-15000N, including the end point value of 15000N and the middle point value of 13750N.

33. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 15000-17500N, including the end point value of 17500N and the middle point value of 16250N.

34. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 17500-20000N, including the end point value of 20000N and the middle point value of 18750N.

35. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 20000-22500N, including the end point value of 22500N and the middle point value of 21250N.

36. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 22500-25000N, including the end point value of 25000N and the middle point value of 23750N.

37. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 27500-30000N, including the end point value of 30000N and the middle point value of 28750N.

38. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 30000-32500N, including the end point value of 32500N and the middle point value of 31250N.

39. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 32500-35000N, including the end point value of 35000N and the middle point value of 33750N.

40. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 35000-37500N, including the end point value of 37500N and the middle point value of 36250N.

41. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 37500-40000N, including the end point value of 40000N and the middle point value of 38750N.

42. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 40000-42500N, including the end point value of 42500N and the middle point value of 41250N.

43. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 42500-45000N, including the end point value of 45000N and the middle point value of 43750N.

44. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 45000-47500N, including the end point value of 47500N and the middle point value of 46250N.

45. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The repulsive force between the static ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) is 47500-50000N, including the end point value of 50000N and the middle point value of 48750N.

46. ​​The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 26, characterized in that: The stationary ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) are demagnetized.

47. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to any one of claims 25, 27-45, characterized in that: The stationary ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) are demagnetized.

48. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 47, characterized in that: The surfaces of the stationary ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) are both covered with a protective layer, and the protective layer is an electroplated nickel layer, a zinc layer, a gold layer or a chromium layer, or a sprayed epoxy resin layer.

49. The mechanical angular self-aligning magnetic bearing according to claim 46, characterized in that: The surfaces of the stationary ring (3) and the dynamic ring (4) are both covered with a protective layer, and the protective layer is an electroplated nickel layer, a zinc layer, a gold layer or a chromium layer, or a sprayed epoxy resin layer.

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