Circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating common combustible industrial solid waste

Abstract

The utility model discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating common combustible industrial solid waste. The circulating fluidized bed boiler comprises a boiler body, a separator, a conditioning agent conveying pipe, a primary air fan, a secondary air fan and a limestone pipe. The boiler comprises a hearth and a smoke exhaust pipe, and the smoke exhaust pipe communicates with the top of the hearth. An inlet of the separator is communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe, the separator is provided with a collecting hopper used for containing particles, and the collecting hopper is communicated with the hearth; the conditioning agent conveying pipe is communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe and is used for inputting an alkaline conditioning agent into the smoke exhaust pipe; an air outlet pipe of the primary fan is communicated with the bottom of the hearth; an air outlet pipe of the secondary fan is communicated with the middle part of the hearth; and the limestone pipe is communicated with an air outlet pipe of the secondary fan and is used for conveying limestone powder to the air outlet pipe of the secondary fan. According to the scheme, the volume reduction efficiency of the combustible industrial solid waste is improved, and meanwhile the problems that due to the fact that the combustion characteristic of the combustible industrial solid waste is greatly different from that of traditional fuel, the boiler is incomplete in combustion and low in heat efficiency can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of industrial solid waste treatment, in particular to a circulating fluidized bed boiler used for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste. Background Art

[0002] Waste textiles, waste leather products, waste plastic products, etc. are typical representatives of general industrial solid waste. In order to reduce the volume, quantity and resource of these solid wastes, patent CN211678060U discloses an industrial solid waste treatment equipment, which guides the crushed industrial solid waste into the degradation tank. The degradation tank reacts and degrades the crushed industrial solid waste through the microorganisms inside; and uses UV ultraviolet light to decompose the malodorous gas, so that the free pollutant molecules are combined with ozone oxidation to form small molecular harmless or low-harmful compounds, and can eliminate toxic and harmful malodorous gases in industrial solid waste.

[0003] However, the annual output of combustible industrial solid wastes such as waste textiles, waste leather products and waste plastic products is large. The degradation scheme in the above patent is not enough to digest them in time. There is an urgent need for a device that can efficiently reduce the volume of combustible industrial solid waste. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing technology that only uses degradation solutions is not enough to digest the combustible industrial solid waste in time, and there is an urgent need for a device that can efficiently reduce the volume of combustible industrial solid waste.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste, comprising:

[0007] A boiler comprises a furnace and a smoke exhaust pipe, wherein the smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the top of the furnace;

[0008] A separator, the inlet of which is connected to the exhaust pipe and is provided with a collecting hopper for accommodating particulate matter, the bottom of which is connected to the furnace;

[0009] A conditioning agent delivery pipe, connected to the smoke exhaust pipe, for inputting alkaline conditioning agent into the smoke exhaust pipe;

[0010] A primary fan, whose air outlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the furnace;

[0011] A secondary fan, whose air outlet pipe is connected to the middle part of the furnace; and

[0012] The limestone pipe is connected to the air outlet pipe of the secondary fan and is used to transport limestone powder to the air outlet pipe of the secondary fan.

[0013] In some embodiments, the furnace and the separator are respectively connected to two ends of the smoke exhaust pipe, and the length of the smoke exhaust pipe is L, satisfying 4 meters ≤ L ≤ 8 meters.

[0014] In some embodiments, the conditioning agent delivery pipe is connected to one end of the smoke exhaust pipe close to the furnace.

[0015] In some embodiments, the connecting port between the collecting hopper and the furnace is located in the middle of the furnace and below the connecting port between the air outlet pipe of the secondary air fan and the furnace.

[0016] In some embodiments, the circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste further comprises a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger has a hot air flow channel and two fresh air flow channels, the inlet end of the hot air flow channel is connected to the smoke outlet of the separator, and the hot air flow channel can exchange heat with the two fresh air flow channels;

[0017] The air outlet pipe of the primary fan and the air outlet pipe of the secondary fan are respectively connected to the furnace via the two fresh air flow passages.

[0018] In some embodiments, the circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste further includes a flue gas treatment system, and the flue gas treatment system is connected to the outlet end of the hot air flow channel.

[0019] In some embodiments, the circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste further includes an induced draft fan and a chimney, wherein the inlet end of the induced draft fan is connected to the flue gas treatment system, and the outlet end thereof is connected to the chimney.

[0020] In some embodiments, the connecting port between the limestone pipe and the air outlet pipe of the secondary fan is located between the heat exchanger and the furnace.

[0021] In some embodiments, the separator is a cyclone separator.

[0022] In some embodiments, the air output of the primary fan accounts for 50% to 70% of the total air volume, and the air output of the secondary fan accounts for 30% to 50% of the total air volume.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste, in which the air supply port of the primary fan is arranged at the bottom of the furnace, so that the air supply of the primary fan can disturb the combustible industrial solid waste in the furnace and accelerate the combustion efficiency of the combustible industrial solid waste; at the same time, limestone powder is sent into the furnace through the air outlet of the secondary fan to remove sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas and assist combustion; the desulfurized flue gas is transported from the exhaust pipe to the separator, and since the exhaust pipe has a certain length, it can ensure that combustible substances such as carbon monoxide (CO) generated by the combustible industrial solid waste are burned out before entering the separator, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency; at the same time, the alkaline conditioning agent transported to the exhaust pipe through the conditioning agent feed pipe can remove hydrogen chloride (HCl) in the flue gas, reduce the corrosion of the flue gas to the subsequent heating surface, and condition the flue gas to avoid clogging of the subsequent heating surface; and the separator circulates the large particles carried by the flue gas to the furnace through the collecting hopper for utilization, and transports the preliminarily treated flue gas to the subsequent system. In this way, this solution can quickly process combustible industrial solid waste, with high volume reduction efficiency, and can absorb HCl in the flue gas, and ensure that combustible substances such as CO generated by the combustible industrial solid waste are burned out before entering the cyclone separator, avoiding the problem of incomplete combustion and low thermal efficiency of the boiler caused by the large difference between the combustion characteristics of combustible industrial solid waste and traditional fuels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste provided by an embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Furnace; 2. Smoke exhaust pipe; 3. Separator; 4. Conditioning agent feed pipe; 5. Primary fan; 51. Air outlet pipe of primary fan; 6. Secondary fan; 61. Air outlet pipe of secondary fan; 7. Limestone pipe; 8. Heat exchanger; 9. Flue gas treatment system; 10. Draft fan; 20. Chimney. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0028] In order to solve the technical problem that only degradation solutions in the prior art are not enough to digest combustible industrial solid waste in time, a device that can efficiently reduce the volume of combustible industrial solid waste is urgently needed. The utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste, which can achieve efficient volume reduction, absorb HCl in flue gas, and ensure that combustible substances such as CO generated by combustible industrial solid waste are burned out before entering the cyclone separator, avoiding the problem of incomplete combustion of the boiler and low thermal efficiency due to the large difference between the combustion characteristics of combustible industrial solid waste and traditional fuels.

[0029] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste in one embodiment of the utility model. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste includes a boiler, a separator 3, a tempering agent feed pipe 4, a primary fan 5, a secondary fan 6 and a limestone pipe 7; the boiler includes a furnace 1 and a smoke exhaust pipe 2, and the smoke exhaust pipe 2 is connected to the top of the furnace 1; the inlet of the separator 3 is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe 2, and the separator 3 is provided with a collecting hopper for accommodating particulate matter, and the bottom of the collecting hopper is connected to the furnace 1; the tempering agent feed pipe 4 is connected to the smoke exhaust pipe 2, and is used to input alkaline tempering agent into the smoke exhaust pipe 2; the outlet pipe 51 of the primary fan is connected to the bottom of the furnace 1; the outlet pipe 61 of the secondary fan is connected to the middle of the furnace 1; the limestone pipe 7 is connected to the outlet pipe 61 of the secondary fan, and is used to transport limestone powder to the outlet pipe 61 of the secondary fan.

[0030] It should be noted that the combustion characteristics of general combustible industrial solid waste are very different from those of traditional fuels such as biomass. For example, the volatile matter is high, which can reach more than 90% at most, the combustion speed is fast, the oxygen consumption in the early stage of combustion is high, and the HCl content in flue gas emissions is high. As a result, the traditional fluidized bed design is difficult to meet the incineration needs of general combustible industrial solid waste.

[0031] The circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning general combustible industrial solid waste provided by the utility model sets the air supply port of the primary fan 5 at the bottom of the furnace 1, so that the air supply of the primary fan 5 can disturb the combustible industrial solid waste in the furnace 1 and accelerate the combustion efficiency of the combustible industrial solid waste; at the same time, the limestone powder is sent into the furnace 1 through the air discharge of the secondary fan 6 to remove the sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas and assist combustion; the desulfurized flue gas is transported from the exhaust pipe 2 to the separator 3. Since the exhaust pipe 2 has a certain length, it can Ensure that combustible substances such as carbon monoxide (CO) generated by combustible industrial solid waste are burned out before entering the separator 3, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency; at the same time, the alkaline conditioning agent delivered to the exhaust pipe 2 through the conditioning agent delivery pipe 4 can remove hydrogen chloride (HCl) in the flue gas, reduce the corrosion of the subsequent heating surface by the flue gas, and condition the flue gas to avoid blockage of the subsequent heating surface; and the separator 3 circulates the large particles carried by the flue gas to the furnace 1 through the collecting hopper for utilization, and delivers the preliminarily treated flue gas to the subsequent system. In this way, this solution can quickly process combustible industrial solid waste, has a high volume reduction efficiency, and can absorb HCl in the flue gas, and ensure that combustible substances such as CO generated by combustible industrial solid waste are burned out before entering the cyclone separator 3, thereby avoiding the problem of incomplete combustion and low thermal efficiency of the boiler caused by the large difference between the combustion characteristics of combustible industrial solid waste and traditional fuels.

[0032] In one embodiment, the furnace 1 and the separator 3 are connected to both ends of the exhaust pipe 2, and the length of the exhaust pipe 2 is L, which satisfies 4 meters ≤ L ≤ 8 meters. The conditioning agent delivery pipe 4 is connected to one end of the exhaust pipe 2 close to the furnace 1.

[0033] In this embodiment, the exhaust pipe 2 is set to 4 to 8 meters, which saves costs and improves the efficiency of flue gas transmission. At the same time, it ensures that combustible substances such as CO generated by combustible industrial solid waste can be burned in the exhaust pipe 2, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency. In addition, the connecting port between the conditioning agent delivery pipe 4 and the exhaust pipe 2 is set on the side of the exhaust pipe 2 close to the furnace 1 to ensure effective absorption of HCl in the flue gas. It should be noted that in this solution, the alkaline conditioning agent delivered by the conditioning agent delivery pipe 4 includes calcium oxide (CaO), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2 )wait.

[0034] In one embodiment, the communication port between the collecting hopper and the furnace 1 is located in the middle of the furnace 1 and below the communication port between the air outlet pipe 61 of the secondary air fan and the furnace 1 .

[0035] In this embodiment, the connection port between the collecting hopper and the furnace 1 is arranged below the air supply port of the secondary fan 6 to prevent the air supply of the secondary fan 6 from hindering the material circulating in the collecting hopper from sinking into the furnace 1, thereby ensuring that the separator 3 circulates the material normally. It should be noted that in this solution, the separator 3 is a cyclone separator 3.

[0036] In one of the embodiments, the circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste also includes a heat exchanger 8, which has a hot air flow channel and two fresh air flow channels. The inlet end of the hot air flow channel is connected to the smoke outlet of the separator 3, and the hot air flow channel can exchange heat with the two fresh air flow channels; the outlet pipe 51 of the primary fan and the outlet pipe 61 of the secondary fan are respectively connected to the furnace 1 via the two fresh air flow channels.

[0037] In this embodiment, the flue gas is heat exchanged with the fresh air of the primary fan 5 and the secondary fan 6 through the heat exchanger 8 to preheat the supply air of the primary fan 5 and the secondary fan 6, further improve the combustion efficiency of combustible industrial solid waste, and realize the initial utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas, thereby saving costs.

[0038] In one embodiment, a circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste also includes a flue gas treatment system 9, an induced draft fan 10 and a chimney 20. The flue gas treatment system 9 is connected to the outlet end of the hot air flow channel, the inlet end of the induced draft fan 10 is connected to the flue gas treatment system 9, and its outlet end is connected to the chimney 20.

[0039] In this embodiment, the flue gas enters the flue gas treatment system 9 after passing through the heat exchanger 8. The flue gas treatment system 9 purifies the flue gas and recovers waste heat to meet the emission standards, and then discharges it into the atmosphere through the induced draft fan 10 and the chimney 20. It should be noted that the flue gas treatment system 9 is composed of a high-efficiency bag dust removal system, a wet desulfurization system, a wet electrostatic dust removal system, and a denitrification system, which are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] In one embodiment, the connecting port between the limestone pipe 7 and the air outlet pipe 61 of the secondary fan is located between the heat exchanger 8 and the furnace 1 .

[0041] In this embodiment, the connecting port between the limestone and the secondary fan outlet pipe 61 is arranged downstream of the fresh air flow passage of the heat exchanger 8 to prevent the limestone powder from blocking the fresh air flow passage and ensure that the secondary fan outlet pipe 61 can normally exchange heat with the flue gas.

[0042] In one embodiment, the air output of the primary fan 5 accounts for 50% to 70% of the total air volume, and the air output of the secondary fan 6 accounts for 30% to 50% of the total air volume.

[0043] In this embodiment, the air supply ratio of the primary fan 5 is increased to improve the combustion effect and further accelerate the volume reduction efficiency of combustible solid waste.

[0044] In order to better understand the present invention, the following Figure 1 The technical solution of the utility model is described in detail:

[0045] In this solution, the air supply port of the primary fan 5 is set at the bottom of the furnace 1, so that the air supply of the primary fan 5 can disturb the combustible industrial solid waste in the furnace 1, and the ratio of primary air to secondary air is adjusted to (50%~70%): (30%~50%), increasing the proportion of primary air and improving the combustion and volume reduction efficiency of combustible industrial solid waste. The limestone powder is sent into the furnace 1 through the exhaust air of the secondary fan 6 to remove the sulfur-containing substances in the flue gas, and the desulfurized flue gas is transported from the exhaust pipe 2 to the separator 3. The length of the exhaust pipe 2 is set to 4 to 8 meters to ensure that the combustible substances such as CO generated by the combustible industrial solid waste are burned out before entering the separator 3, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency. The tempering agent delivery pipe 4 is transported to the CaO and Ca(OH) in the exhaust pipe 2. 2 Alkaline conditioning agents can remove HCl from flue gas, reduce the corrosion of flue gas on subsequent heating surfaces, and condition the flue gas to avoid blockage of subsequent heating surfaces, thereby improving the volume reduction efficiency while avoiding the problems of incomplete combustion and low thermal efficiency of boilers caused by the large differences in the combustion characteristics of combustible industrial solid waste and traditional fuels.

[0046] The specific implementation methods of the utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the utility model. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning general combustible industrial solid waste, characterized in that: include: A boiler comprises a furnace and a smoke exhaust pipe, wherein the smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the top of the furnace; A separator, the inlet of which is connected to the exhaust pipe and is provided with a collecting hopper for accommodating particulate matter, the bottom of which is connected to the furnace; A conditioning agent delivery pipe, connected to the smoke exhaust pipe, for inputting alkaline conditioning agent into the smoke exhaust pipe; A primary fan, whose air outlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the furnace; A secondary fan, whose air outlet pipe is connected to the middle part of the furnace; and The limestone pipe is connected to the air outlet pipe of the secondary fan and is used to transport limestone powder to the air outlet pipe of the secondary fan.

2. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace and the separator are respectively connected to two ends of the smoke exhaust pipe, and the length of the smoke exhaust pipe is L, which satisfies 4 meters ≤ L ≤ 8 meters.

3. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditioning agent delivery pipe is connected to one end of the smoke exhaust pipe close to the furnace.

4. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication port between the collecting hopper and the furnace is located in the middle of the furnace and below the communication port between the air outlet pipe of the secondary air fan and the furnace.

5. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste also includes a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger has a hot air flow channel and two fresh air flow channels, the inlet end of the hot air flow channel is connected to the smoke outlet of the separator, and the hot air flow channel can exchange heat with the two fresh air flow channels; The air outlet pipe of the primary fan and the air outlet pipe of the secondary fan are respectively connected to the furnace via the two fresh air flow passages.

6. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste also includes a flue gas treatment system, and the flue gas treatment system is connected to the outlet end of the hot air flow channel.

7. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste also includes an induced draft fan and a chimney. The inlet end of the induced draft fan is connected to the flue gas treatment system, and the outlet end thereof is connected to the chimney.

8. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting port between the limestone pipe and the air outlet pipe of the secondary fan is located between the heat exchanger and the furnace.

9. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separator is a cyclone separator.

10. The circulating fluidized bed boiler for incinerating general combustible industrial solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air volume of the primary fan accounts for 50% to 70% of the total air volume, and the air volume of the secondary fan accounts for 30% to 50% of the total air volume.

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