Pressure-adjustable center hob

Abstract

The utility model provides a central hobbing cutter capable of adjusting pressure. Comprising a cutter ring, a cutter body, a check ring, a cutter shaft, an end cover, a locking nut, a bimetallic floating seal, a middle cutter rest, a distance sleeve, a bearing and a pressure adjusting device. The cutter ring is assembled on the cutter body, and the check ring is welded and fixed; bearings are assembled in an inner cavity of the cutter body, a cutter shaft is assembled on the bearings, and a distance sleeve is arranged between the two bearings to adjust an axial gap; a middle knife rest is arranged between the two knife bodies, end covers are arranged at the outer ends of the two knife bodies, a left end cover is assembled at one end of a knife shaft, and the knife shaft penetrates through a bearing to be assembled with a right end cover and is locked and fixed through a locking nut. Bimetal floating seals which are installed back to back are arranged at the adjacent positions of the end cover, the middle tool rest and the bearing respectively. Each bimetal floating seal comprises an O-shaped sealing ring and a metal retainer. The pressure adjusting devices are arranged at the two ends of the cutter shaft, when the external pressure is larger than the internal pressure of the hobbing cutter, the pressure adjusting devices maintain the internal pressure of the hobbing cutter, and it is guaranteed that the two cutter rings of the hobbing cutter are adjusted respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a center roller cutter in the field of large-diameter full-section hard rock tunnel excavation equipment TBM, in particular to a center roller cutter with adjustable pressure. Background Art

[0002] Large-diameter, full-section hard rock tunnel boring equipment TBM is a large-scale factory-based assembly line tunnel engineering that integrates mechanical, electronic, hydraulic, laser, electrical and other technologies. It can simultaneously realize multiple processes such as excavation, support, and mucking. Compared with traditional manual drilling and blasting methods, it has the advantages of fast excavation speed, high safety, low labor intensity, good construction quality and environmental protection. It can serve stably and efficiently in a variety of difficult and dangerous construction environments, and complete the construction of tunnel projects with quality and quantity.

[0003] However, the inventors of this application found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiment of this application:

[0004] The working environment of the shield machine cutter using slurry balance shield is under pressure. The maximum pressure value of the center cutter can reach 20Mpa. The pressure bearing capacity of the traditional center cutter is only 1Mpa and it cannot withstand such high pressure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and address the problem of poor pressure bearing capacity of rollers working under pressure, the utility model provides a central roller with adjustable pressure. The roller is equipped with a pressure regulating device at the end of the roller shaft. When the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the roller, the piston in the pressure regulating device moves along the axial flow channel toward the center of the roller shaft to maintain the internal pressure of the roller unchanged, thereby solving the technical problem of poor pressure bearing capacity of the roller.

[0006] The solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is:

[0007] A center hob with adjustable pressure includes a cutter ring, a cutter body, a retaining ring, a cutter shaft, an end cover, a locking nut, a bimetallic floating seal, an intermediate cutter holder, a distance sleeve, a bearing and a pressure regulating device;

[0008] A knife ring is mounted on the outer cylindrical surface of the knife body and fixed by welding with a retaining ring; a bearing is mounted in the inner cavity of the knife body, a knife shaft is mounted on the bearing, and a distance sleeve is arranged between the two bearings to adjust the axial clearance; an intermediate knife holder is arranged between the two knife bodies, and end covers are arranged at the outer ends of the two knife bodies, wherein the end covers include a left end cover and a right end cover, one end of the knife shaft is mounted with a left end cover, the knife shaft passes through the bearing and is assembled with a right end cover, and is locked and fixed by a locking nut; bimetallic floating seals installed back to back are respectively arranged at adjacent positions between the end cover and the bearing, and between the intermediate knife holder and the bearing, and the bimetallic floating seals include an "O" type sealing ring and a metal retainer;

[0009] Pressure regulating devices are arranged at both ends of the cutter shaft. When the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the hob, the pressure regulating device maintains the pressure inside the hob to ensure that the two cutter rings of the hob are adjusted respectively.

[0010] In order to further solve the technical problem to be solved by the utility model, the pressure regulating device provided by the utility model includes a piston, a plug and a flow channel; the flow channel is filled with lubricating oil, including an axial flow channel and a radial flow channel, the axial flow channel is a blind hole structure, arranged at the axial end of the cutter shaft, the outer end of the axial flow channel is connected to the outside, and a radial flow channel is arranged at the inner end of the axial flow channel, the radial flow channel is connected to the axial flow channel, and the radial flow channel extends radially along the cutter shaft to the distance sleeve between the two bearings, and is connected with the inner cavity of the hob to form a channel for regulating pressure; the piston is embedded in the axial flow channel, and when the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the hob, the piston moves along the axial flow channel toward the center of the cutter shaft to adjust the hob pressure; the plug is assembled at the outer end of the axial flow channel, and is used to encapsulate the piston in the axial flow channel; the plug is a step nut, and a thread is provided in the middle of the plug, which is used to adjust the assembly position of the piston.

[0011] Furthermore, the piston includes a piston seat, a piston head, an internal threaded hole and an "O"-ring; a sealing groove is provided on the piston seat to assemble the "O"-ring, which is used to seal between the piston and the axial flow channel; a piston head is provided at the front end of the piston seat, and the back of the piston head is streamlined; an internal threaded hole is provided at the rear end of the piston seat, which is used to connect the piston through the thread in the middle of the plug and adjust the position of the piston in the axial flow channel.

[0012] Positive effects: The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0013] Since the embodiment of the present application adopts the technical means of arranging pressure regulating devices at both ends of the cutter shaft, the plug seals the piston in the flow channel, the radial flow channel and the axial flow channel are connected and extend to the distance sleeve between the two bearings, and are interconnected with the inner cavity of the roller cutter; the working environment of the shield machine has pressure, and when the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the roller cutter, the piston in the pressure regulating device can move along the axial flow channel toward the center of the cutter shaft, thereby ensuring that the internal pressure of the roller cutter remains unchanged and the pressure balance is maintained. The two cutting rings of the roller cutter are adjusted separately, which effectively solves the technical problem of the poor pressure bearing capacity of the roller cutter in the prior art, thereby achieving the technical effect of extending the service life of the roller cutter.

[0014] Suitable for use as a center hob with adjustable pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of this embodiment;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the piston.

[0018] In the figure:

[0019] 1. Knife ring;

[0020] 2. Knife body;

[0021] 3. Retaining ring;

[0022] 4. Knife shaft;

[0023] 5. Left end cover;

[0024] 6. Right end cover;

[0025] 7. Locking nut;

[0026] 8. Bimetallic floating seal;

[0027] 9. Middle tool holder;

[0028] 10. Distance set;

[0029] 11. Bearings;

[0030] 12. Pressure regulating device,

[0031] 121. Piston,

[0032] 1211, Piston seat,

[0033] 1212. Piston head,

[0034] 1213. Internal threaded hole,

[0035] 1214. "O" type sealing ring,

[0036] 122. Plug,

[0037] 123. Runner,

[0038] 1231. Axial flow channel,

[0039] 1232. Radial flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, it can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, and the scope of the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0041] The embodiment of the present application solves the problem of poor pressure bearing capacity of the hob in the prior art that the hob is prone to working under pressure by providing a center hob with adjustable pressure, and the pressure adjustment of the hob is achieved by using a pressure regulating device in the hob.

[0042] As shown in the figure, a center hob with adjustable pressure includes a cutter ring 1, a cutter body 2, a retaining ring 3, a cutter shaft 4, an end cover, a locking nut 7, a bimetallic floating seal 8, an intermediate cutter holder 9, a distance sleeve 10, a bearing 11 and a pressure regulating device 12;

[0043] A knife ring 1 is mounted on the outer cylindrical surface of the knife body 2 and is welded and fixed by a retaining ring 3; a bearing 11 is mounted in the inner cavity of the knife body 2, a knife shaft 4 is mounted on the bearing 11, and a distance sleeve 10 is arranged between the two bearings 11 to adjust the axial clearance; an intermediate knife holder 9 is arranged between the two knife bodies 2, and end covers are arranged at the outer ends of the two knife bodies 2, wherein the end covers include a left end cover 5 and a right end cover 6, one end of the knife shaft 4 is mounted with the left end cover 5, the knife shaft 4 passes through the bearing 11 and is assembled with the right end cover 6, and is locked and fixed by a locking nut 7; bimetallic floating seals 8 installed back to back are respectively arranged at the adjacent positions between the end cover and the bearing 11, and between the intermediate knife holder 9 and the bearing 11, and the bimetallic floating seal 8 includes an "O" type sealing ring and a metal retainer;

[0044] Pressure regulating devices 12 are provided at both ends of the cutter shaft 4. When the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the hob, the pressure regulating device 12 maintains the pressure inside the hob to ensure that the two cutter rings 1 of the hob are adjusted respectively, thereby avoiding external high pressure from damaging the hob, thereby extending the service life of the hob.

[0045] In order to ensure the stability of the structure of this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the pressure regulating device 12 includes a piston 121, a plug 122 and a flow channel 123;

[0046] The flow channel 123 is filled with lubricating oil, including an axial flow channel 1231 and a radial flow channel 1232. The axial flow channel 1231 is a blind hole structure, which is arranged at the shaft end of the cutter shaft 4. The outer end of the axial flow channel 1231 is connected to the outside, and the radial flow channel 1232 is arranged at the inner end of the axial flow channel 1231. The radial flow channel 1232 is connected to the axial flow channel 1231. The radial flow channel 1232 extends radially along the cutter shaft 4 to the distance sleeve 10 between the two bearings 11, and is connected to the inner cavity of the hob to form a pressure regulating channel.

[0047] The piston 121 is embedded in the axial flow channel 1231. When the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the hob, the piston 121 moves along the axial flow channel 1231 toward the center of the cutter shaft 4 to ensure that the internal pressure of the hob remains unchanged, thereby adjusting the hob pressure and increasing the service life of the hob.

[0048] The plug 122 is assembled at the outer end of the axial flow channel 1231 to encapsulate the piston 121 in the axial flow channel 1231 ; the plug 122 is a stepped nut with a thread in the middle thereof to adjust the assembly position of the piston 121 .

[0049] In order to optimize the structure of this embodiment, the piston 121 includes a piston seat 1211, a piston head 1212, an internal threaded hole 1213 and an "O" type sealing ring 1214;

[0050] A sealing groove is provided on the piston seat 1211 to assemble an "O"-ring 1214, which is used to seal between the piston 121 and the axial flow channel 1231; a piston head 1212 is provided at the front end of the piston seat 1211, and the back of the piston head 1212 is streamlined to reduce the resistance of the piston 121 to move in the axial flow channel 1231; an internal threaded hole 1213 is provided at the rear end of the piston seat 1211, which is used to connect the piston 121 through the thread in the middle of the plug 122, and adjust the position of the piston 121 in the axial flow channel 1231 to meet the need of adjusting the roller pressure.

[0051] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0052] Since pressure regulating devices 12 are provided at both ends of the cutter shaft 4, the plug 122 seals the piston 121 in the flow channel 123, the radial flow channel 1232 is interconnected with the axial flow channel 1231 and extends to the distance sleeve 10 between the two bearings 11, and is interconnected with the inner cavity of the roller cutter, and the flow channel 123 is filled with lubricating oil; therefore, the working environment of the shield machine has pressure. When the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the roller cutter, the piston 121 in the pressure regulating device 12 can move along the axial flow channel 1231 toward the center of the cutter shaft 4, so that the pressure in the axial flow channel 1231 extends to the distance sleeve 10 between the two bearings 11 through the radial flow channel 1232, and is interconnected with the inner cavity of the roller cutter, thereby ensuring that the internal pressure of the roller cutter remains unchanged and the pressure balance is maintained. The two cutter rings 1 of the roller cutter are adjusted respectively, thereby solving the problem of poor pressure bearing capacity of the roller cutter and extending the service life of the roller cutter.

[0053] The assembly process of this embodiment:

[0054] The steps include:

[0055] 1. First, insert the cutter ring 1 into the cutter body 2; second, install the retaining ring 3 into the limiting groove of the cutter body 2 and weld it to fix;

[0056] 2. Insert the outer sleeve of the bearing 11 into the bearing hole of the cutter body 2, insert the left end cover 5 into the cutter shaft 4, and fit the inner sleeve of the bearing 11 on the cutter shaft 4. Install the distance sleeve 10 on the cutter shaft 4 to complete the back-to-back installation of the bearing 11; assemble the bimetallic floating seal 8, and install the cutter body 2 on the cutter shaft 4;

[0057] 3. Assemble the intermediate tool holder 9;

[0058] 4. Repeat step 2 to complete the installation of another set of hobs;

[0059] 5. Assemble the middle tool holder 9 to the tool shaft 4, install the right end cover 6 on the tool shaft 4, and fix it with the locking nut 7;

[0060] 6. The piston 121 is assembled into the axial flow channel 1231, and the plug 122 is screwed onto the outer end of the axial flow channel 1231, so that the piston 121 is encapsulated in the axial flow channel 1231 through the plug 122;

[0061] 7. Test the roller and inject lubricating oil.

[0062] It is worth noting that the contents not described in detail in the specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art, and the model parameters of the hob and the bearing are not specifically limited, and conventional technology can be used. In this technical solution, the sealing ring not mentioned belongs to the prior art, so it is not shown in the figure and will not be described here.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A center hob with adjustable pressure, characterized by: It comprises a knife ring (1), a knife body (2), a retaining ring (3), a knife shaft (4), an end cover, a locking nut (7), a bimetallic floating seal (8), an intermediate knife holder (9), a distance sleeve (10), a bearing (11) and a pressure regulating device (12); The knife ring (1) is mounted on the outer cylindrical surface of the knife body (2) and is fixed by welding through the retaining ring (3); the inner cavity of the knife body (2) is mounted with the bearing (11), the knife shaft (4) is mounted on the bearing (11), and the distance sleeve (10) is arranged between the two bearings (11) to adjust the axial clearance; the intermediate knife holder (9) is arranged between the two knife bodies (2), and the outer ends of the two knife bodies (2) are provided with end covers, wherein the end covers include a left end cover (5) and a right end cover (6), one end of the knife shaft (4) is mounted with the left end cover (5), the knife shaft (4) passes through the bearing (11) and is mounted with the right end cover (6), and is locked and fixed by the locking nut (7); the bimetallic floating seals (8) installed back to back are respectively arranged at adjacent positions between the end cover and the bearing (11) and between the intermediate knife holder (9) and the bearing (11), and the bimetallic floating seals (8) include an "O"-shaped sealing ring and a metal retainer; The pressure regulating devices (12) are arranged at both ends of the cutter shaft (4), and when the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the roller cutter, the pressure regulating devices (12) maintain the internal pressure of the roller cutter; The pressure regulating device (12) comprises: a flow channel (123), wherein lubricating oil is injected into the flow channel (123), and the flow channel (123) comprises an axial flow channel (1231) and a radial flow channel (1232), wherein the axial flow channel (1231) is a blind hole structure, and is arranged at the shaft end of the cutter shaft (4), wherein the outer end of the axial flow channel (1231) is in communication with the outside, and the radial flow channel (1232) is arranged at the inner end of the axial flow channel (1231), wherein the radial flow channel (1232) is in communication with the axial flow channel (1231), and wherein the radial flow channel (1232) extends radially along the cutter shaft (4) to the distance sleeve (10) between the two bearings (11), and is in communication with the inner cavity of the roller cutter, thereby forming a pressure regulating channel; A piston (121), wherein the piston (121) is embedded in the axial flow channel (1231), and when the external pressure is greater than the internal pressure of the roller cutter, the piston (121) moves along the axial flow channel (1231) toward the center of the cutter shaft (4) to adjust the roller cutter pressure; and A plug (122) is mounted on the outer end of the axial flow channel (1231) and is used to encapsulate the piston (121) in the axial flow channel (1231); the plug (122) is a stepped nut, and a thread is provided in the middle of the plug (122) and is used to adjust the assembly position of the piston (121).

2. The center hob with adjustable pressure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (121) comprises a piston seat (1211), a piston head (1212), an internal threaded hole (1213) and an "O"-shaped sealing ring (1214); The piston seat (1211) is provided with a sealing groove for assembling the "O"-shaped sealing ring (1214) for sealing between the piston (121) and the axial flow channel (1231); the piston head (1212) is provided at the front end of the piston seat (1211), and the back of the piston head (1212) is streamlined; the internal threaded hole (1213) is provided at the rear end of the piston seat (1211) for connecting the piston (121) via the thread in the middle of the plug (122) and adjusting the position of the piston (121) in the axial flow channel (1231).

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