Shield machine airborne surrounding rock geological radar detection system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shield machine airborne surrounding rock geological radar detection system, which is arranged on a shield machine cutterhead, a plurality of geological radar detection device mounting points are arranged on the cutterhead, and each mounting point is positioned on the rear side of the rotating direction of a hob; a slag scraping plate is installed on the rear side of the hob box, a reserved hole is formed in a cutterhead panel on the rear side of the slag scraping plate, a geological radar detection device is installed in the reserved hole, the geological radar detection device comprises a shell, and a signal transmitter, a signal transmitting antenna, a signal receiver, a signal receiving antenna and a geological radar main control unit are arranged in the shell. Rollers are arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the top of the shell and the cutterhead back plate are installed together through a telescopic connecting piece. According to the utility model, the radar geological imaging analysis device is embedded in the cutterhead panel, so that the real-time monitoring and early warning of the geological condition in front can be realized in the process of rotating along with the hob, the tunnel construction risk is effectively reduced, and the safe construction is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shield construction safety protection under complex geological conditions, and in particular to a shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the field of tunnel construction, advanced geological prediction is an important part of construction. Commonly used advanced geological prediction methods include drilling coring method, seismic wave method and electromagnetic wave method. Among them, drilling coring is difficult to guarantee the prediction accuracy under complex geological conditions due to the limitation of the number of holes, and it also takes up construction time. Although the seismic wave method has a wide monitoring range, its accuracy is difficult to guarantee. Although the electromagnetic wave method has high monitoring accuracy, the signal transmission distance is short and it is suitable for shallow detection. At present, there is no advanced geological prediction method with high monitoring accuracy that does not affect construction.

[0003] In the prior art, in the published patent literature, patent CN 114488015 B discloses a geological radar detection surface adaptation device and method for tunnel advanced geological prediction. The utility model includes a carrying platform, a clamping mechanism, an adaptation mechanism and a moving mechanism. Although the adaptation mechanism of the spring and the adaptive mechanical wheel group structure is used to adjust the fit between the radar antenna and the detection surface, so that the radar antenna moves along the survey line, thereby facilitating the reception of signals, this monitoring method still has not been realized with integrated mounting. Patent CN 117075104 B type tunnel geological radar mobile intelligent detection equipment includes a radar antenna detection device equipped with a radar antenna, but the utility model is only used to detect the quality of the tunnel vault and arch waist lining, and cannot realize the real-time monitoring of the surrounding rock of the face. Therefore, there is currently a lack of an accurate and effective advanced geological prediction method in the existing field. In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model aims to study a surrounding rock geological detection system that can not only meet the requirements of the short detection distance of the geological radar in the tunnel face, but also realize the measurement of the surrounding rock during excavation, providing strong support for the safe construction of the tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system, which can meet the requirement of short detection distance of geological radar on the tunnel face, and also realize measurement while digging, providing strong support for safe tunnel construction.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system is designed, which is arranged on the shield machine cutterhead. A plurality of geological radar detection device installation points are arranged on the cutterhead, and each installation point is located at the rear side of the rotation direction of the roller cutter; a roller cutter box arranged on the cutterhead includes a shield machine cutterhead, a scraper plate is installed on the rear side of the roller cutter box, a reserved hole is opened on the cutterhead panel, a geological radar detection device is installed in the reserved hole, and the geological radar detection device includes a shell, a signal transmitter, a signal transmitting antenna, a signal receiver, a signal receiving antenna and a geological radar main control unit are arranged in the shell; a roller is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the top of the shell is installed together with the cutterhead back plate through a telescopic connector.

[0007] During the rotation of the cutterhead, the roller cutter squeezes the rock to break it, and then the scraper plate cleans the slag on the surface of the tunnel face. Subsequently, the roller on the geological radar detection device contacts the tunnel face. Under the action of the telescopic connection, the contact distance between the geological radar and the tunnel face can be flexibly controlled, thereby achieving accurate monitoring of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face.

[0008] Preferably, the telescopic connecting piece is a buffer spring, the top end of the buffer spring is fixed on the cutter disc back plate, and the bottom end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the top of the shell; during the movement, the geological radar detection device relies on the buffer spring on the top to achieve flexible adjustment of the distance from the palm face, and then adjusts the distance between the signal transmitting antenna and the detection surface; so that the roller is always in contact with the palm face, avoiding inaccurate detection of the geological radar detection device due to the unevenness on the palm face.

[0009] When the buffer spring is in a relaxed state, the bottom edge of the roller and the bottom edge of the scraper plate are on the same horizontal plane, the geological radar monitoring device is located on the rear side of the scraper plate, and the bottom edge of the roller will not exceed the edge of the scraper plate. This allows the roller to contact the tunnel face only after the cutter squeezes the rock to break it and the scraper plate clears the slag, thereby preventing rock debris from damaging the roller and the geological radar monitoring device body.

[0010] Furthermore, the telescopic connecting part includes a hydraulic cylinder and a buffer spring, the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the back plate of the cutter disc, the top end of the buffer spring is correspondingly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the top of the shell; a hydraulic telescopic door is arranged on one side of the opening of the reserved hole, and when the roller cutter is breaking rock, the hydraulic telescopic door is in an extended state, closing the opening of the reserved mouth; when radar detection is required, the hydraulic telescopic door is retracted, and the hydraulic cylinder controls the geological radar detection device to extend out of the reserved hole, so that the roller contacts the face.

[0011] By setting the reserved hole to be embedded and closed, closing it when breaking rock and opening it when performing radar detection, the probability of rock debris entering the reserved hole can be reduced, and the geological radar detection device can be prevented from being collided and damaged by rock debris. By setting a hydraulic cylinder and a buffer spring, the extension and retraction of the geological radar detection device can be controlled. When breaking rock, the hydraulic cylinder is retracted, and the geological radar detection device is located in the reserved hole. At this time, the hydraulic telescopic door is closed. When radar detection is required, the hydraulic telescopic door is opened, and the hydraulic cylinder controls the geological radar detection device to extend so that its roller contacts the face. After completing the geological radar detection, the hydraulic cylinder retracts the geological radar detection device, and the hydraulic telescopic door is closed again.

[0012] Preferably, the height of the scraper plate is lower than the height of the roller cutter ring, so as to avoid the scraper plate directly contacting the tunnel face after the roller cutter ring is worn.

[0013] Preferably, the scraper plate, shell and roller are all made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy material. These components may contact the tunnel face, or contact gravel, or may be collided with gravel, so the use of high-strength wear-resistant alloy material can increase the service life.

[0014] Preferably, the cutter disc is divided into a plurality of annular sections with the center of the cutter disc as the center of the circle according to the rotation trajectory of the roller cutter on the cutter disc, and at least one geological radar detection device is arranged in each annular section.

[0015] Preferably, the geological radar detection devices in two adjacent annular intervals are not on the same diameter of the cutterhead.

[0016] Preferably, the angle between the cutter head radii where the geological radar detection devices are located in two adjacent annular intervals is 45 degrees.

[0017] Preferably, the signal transmitter and signal receiver adopt KJH-DJ explosion-proof geological radar receiver and transmitter; the signal transmitting antenna and signal receiving antenna adopt antennas with a main frequency of 100MHz and a pulse width of 0.25ns; the geological radar main control unit adopts a CUII host with strong signal stability, or other models of digital radar hosts.

[0018] The method for performing surrounding rock geological detection using the shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system comprises the following steps:

[0019] (1) The geological radar detection devices are respectively installed at corresponding positions in different trajectory intervals on the cutter head panel. When the cutter head rotates, the geological radar detection devices rotate with the cutter head;

[0020] (2) When breaking rock, the roller cutter rotates with the cutter head to break the rock in front, and the scraper plate cleans the surrounding rock debris on the tunnel face into the soil bin. Under the action of the telescopic connector, the roller at the bottom of the geological radar detection device on the rear side of the roller cutter contacts the tunnel face and rotates with the cutter head panel to realize radar detection of the geological conditions in front. During the movement, the geological radar detection device relies on the telescopic connector on the top to realize flexible adjustment of the distance from the tunnel face, so that the roller is always in contact with the tunnel face, thereby adjusting the distance between the signal transmitting antenna and the detection surface;

[0021] (3) The signal transmitter in the geological radar detection device transmits the signal through the signal transmitting antenna, and then receives the relevant geological information through the signal receiving antenna and transmits it to the signal receiver. The signal is interpreted by the geological radar main control unit, thereby realizing real-time detection of the stratigraphic information of the front face.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0023] In view of the disadvantages of low prediction accuracy of existing advanced geological prediction equipment using seismic waves, the geological radar electromagnetic wave method has high detection accuracy but can only detect at close range. If the rear end of the cutterhead is far away from the face, the monitoring accuracy is difficult to meet the requirements. The utility model realizes real-time and accurate monitoring of the surrounding rock in front of the tunnel with poor geology through the embedded mounting of the geological radar monitoring device and the shield machine cutterhead. The utility model embeds the geological radar detection device on the cutterhead panel, and can realize real-time monitoring and early warning of the geological conditions in front during the rotation of the roller cutter, which effectively reduces the risk of tunnel construction and ensures safe construction.

[0024] Compared with the traditional advanced geological prediction method, the utility model has the advantages of high automation and high safety performance. The utility model realizes the automatic monitoring of the geological conditions of the tunnel face, and at the same time, the face is scanned at close range by the geological radar, which greatly ensures the monitoring accuracy. The face surrounding rock monitoring of the utility model can be realized while digging, which greatly improves the construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an implementation method of the shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another implementation mode of the shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement of the geological radar detection device on the cutterhead;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a hydraulic telescopic door.

[0029] Numbers in the figure are: 1 roller; 2 scraper plate; 3 geological radar detection device; 31 signal transmitter; 32 geological radar main control unit; 33 roller; 34 signal transmitting antenna; 35 signal receiver; 36 signal receiving antenna; 37 buffer spring; 38 housing; 39 hydraulic cylinder; 310 hydraulic oil port; 4 cutter disc; 5 cutter disc rotation direction; 61, 62, 63, 64 are the installation positions of the geological radar detection device; 7 hydraulic telescopic door; 71 first-level door panel; 72 second-level door panel; 73 third-level door panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention, but the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention in detail and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Unless otherwise specified, the equipment components involved in the following embodiments are all conventional equipment components.

[0031] Example 1: A shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system, see Figure 1 , arranged on the shield machine cutterhead 4, a plurality of geological radar detection device installation points are arranged on the cutterhead 4, and each installation point is located at the rear side of the rotation direction of the roller cutter; a scraper plate 2 is installed on the rear side of the roller cutter box, and a reserved hole is opened on the cutterhead panel on the rear side of the scraper plate 2, and a geological radar detection device 3 is installed in the reserved hole, and the geological radar detection device 3 includes a shell 38, and a signal transmitter 31, a signal transmitting antenna 34, a signal receiver 35, a signal receiving antenna 36 and a geological radar main control unit 32 are arranged in the shell 38; a roller 33 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 38, and the top of the shell 38 is installed together with the back plate of the cutterhead through a telescopic connector.

[0032] In this embodiment, the telescopic connection member is a buffer spring 37, the top of which is fixed to the cutter head back plate, and the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the top of the housing 38; when the buffer spring 37 is relaxed, the bottom edge of the roller 33 and the bottom edge of the scraper plate 2 are on the same horizontal plane. During the movement, the geological radar detection device 3 relies on the buffer spring 37 at the top to flexibly adjust the distance from the tunnel face, so that the roller is always in contact with the tunnel face, thereby adjusting the distance between the signal transmitting antenna and the detection face; the roller 33 is always in contact with the tunnel face, so as to avoid inaccurate detection by the geological radar detection device 3 due to the unevenness on the tunnel face.

[0033] Specifically, the height of the scraper plate 2 is lower than the height of the cutter ring of the hob 1. The scraper plate 2, the housing 38 and the roller 33 are all made of high-strength alloy wear-resistant material.

[0034] The installation position of the geological radar detection device 3 on the cutter head is shown in Figure 3With the center of the cutter disc 4 as the center of the circle, the cutter disc 4 is divided into multiple annular sections according to the rotation trajectory of the hob 1 on the cutter disc 4. At least one geological radar detection device 3 is arranged in each annular section, and the geological radar detection device 3 is arranged on the rear side of the rotation direction of the hob 4. The scraper plate 2 is arranged between the hob cutter box and the geological radar detection device 3, which can clean the rock debris crushed by the hob 1 and protect the geological radar detection device 3.

[0035] Furthermore, the geological radar detection devices 3 in two adjacent annular sections are not on the same diameter of the cutter disc. In this embodiment, the angle between the cutter disc radii where the geological radar detection devices in two adjacent annular sections are located is 45 degrees.

[0036] Example 2: A shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 , which is different from Example 1, is that the telescopic connecting member includes a hydraulic cylinder 39 and a buffer spring 37. The hydraulic cylinder 39 is installed on the back plate of the cutter head. The top of the buffer spring 37 is correspondingly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 39, and the bottom of the buffer spring 37 is fixedly connected to the top of the shell 38; a hydraulic telescopic door 7 is provided on one side of the opening of the reserved hole. When the roller cutter 1 is breaking rock, the hydraulic telescopic door 7 is in an extended state to close the opening of the reserved hole; when radar detection is required, the hydraulic telescopic door 7 is retracted, and the hydraulic cylinder 39 controls the geological radar detection device 3 to extend out of the reserved hole so that the roller 33 contacts the face.

[0037] In this embodiment, the hydraulic telescopic door 7 is a three-stage telescopic door panel, and the three-stage door panels are sequentially mounted together: the first-stage door panel 71 and the second-stage door panel 72 are hollow structures, the third-stage door panel 73 is mounted inside the second-stage door panel 72, and the second-stage door panel 72 is mounted inside the first-stage door panel 71. Through hydraulic control, the third-stage door panel 73 can be extended and retracted back into the second-stage door panel 72, and the second-stage door panel 72 can be extended and retracted back into the first-stage door panel 71. The rear part of the hydraulic cylinder 39 and the hydraulic telescopic door 7 is connected to the external hydraulic control oil circuit through the hydraulic oil port 310 respectively. The buffer spring 37 between the hydraulic cylinder 39 and the housing 38 also plays the role of adjusting the distance and buffering, so that the roller 33 always fits with the face of the palm, avoiding the unevenness on the face of the palm causing inaccurate detection of the geological radar detection device 3. When the geological radar is needed to monitor the conditions of the front face, the hydraulic cylinder 39 controls the geological radar detection device 3 to extend forward. In the non-monitoring state, the hydraulic cylinder 39 retracts, and the geological radar detector device 3 follows and is retracted. At the same time, the hydraulic telescopic door 7 extends out to form a closed space with the cutter head panel, so that the reserved hole is in a closed device.

[0038] By setting the reserved hole to be embedded and closed, closing it when breaking rock and opening it when performing radar detection, the probability of rock debris entering the reserved hole can be reduced, and the geological radar detection device can be prevented from being collided and damaged by rock debris. By setting a hydraulic cylinder and a buffer spring, the extension and retraction of the geological radar detection device can be controlled. When breaking rock, the hydraulic cylinder is retracted, and the geological radar detection device is located in the reserved hole. At this time, the hydraulic telescopic door is closed. When radar detection is required, the hydraulic telescopic door is opened, and the hydraulic cylinder controls the geological radar detection device to extend so that its roller contacts the face. After completing the geological radar detection, the hydraulic cylinder retracts the geological radar detection device, and the hydraulic telescopic door is closed again.

[0039] In the above embodiments, the signal transmitter and signal receiver can adopt the explosion-proof geological radar receiver and transmitter of model KJH-DJ; the signal transmitting antenna and the signal receiving antenna can adopt antennas with a main frequency of 100MHz and a pulse width of 0.25ns; the geological radar main control unit can adopt the CUII host, or other models of digital radar hosts.

[0040] The method for performing surrounding rock geological detection using the above shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system includes the following steps:

[0041] (1) Geological radar detection devices are installed at corresponding positions in different trajectory intervals on the cutterhead panel. When the cutterhead rotates, the geological radar detection device rotates with the cutterhead;

[0042] (2) When breaking rock, the roller cutter rotates with the cutter head to break the rock in front, and the scraper plate cleans the surrounding rock debris on the tunnel face into the soil bin. Under the action of the telescopic connector, the roller at the bottom of the geological radar detection device on the rear side of the roller cutter contacts the tunnel face and rotates with the cutter head panel to realize radar detection of the geological conditions in front. During the movement, the geological radar detection device relies on the telescopic connector on the top to realize flexible adjustment of the distance from the tunnel face, so that the roller is always in contact with the tunnel face, thereby adjusting the distance between the signal transmitting antenna and the detection surface;

[0043] (3) The signal transmitter in the geological radar detection device transmits the signal through the signal transmitting antenna, and then receives the relevant geological information through the signal receiving antenna and transmits it to the signal receiver. The signal is interpreted by the geological radar main control unit, thereby realizing real-time detection of the stratigraphic information of the front face.

[0044] Figure 1 , Figure 2The direction indicated by the curved arrow 5 in the figure is the rotation direction of the cutter disc. During the rotation of the cutter disc, the roller cutter squeezes the rock to break the rock, and then the scraper plate cleans the slag on the tunnel face surface. Then the roller of the geological radar detection device contacts the tunnel face. Under the action of the spring, the contact distance between the geological radar and the tunnel face can be flexibly controlled, thereby realizing accurate monitoring of the surrounding rock of the tunnel face. The utility model embeds the geological radar detection device on the cutter disc panel, and can realize real-time monitoring and early warning of the geological conditions ahead during the rotation of the roller cutter, effectively reducing the risk of tunnel construction and ensuring safe construction.

[0045] The present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, the specific parameters in the embodiments described above may be changed to form a plurality of specific embodiments, which are all within the common variation range of the present invention and will not be described in detail herein.

Claims

1. A shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system, which is arranged on the cutter head of the shield machine, and is characterized in that: A plurality of geological radar detection device installation points are arranged on the cutter disc, and each installation point is located at the rear side of the rotation direction of the roller cutter; a scraper plate is installed on the rear side of the roller cutter box, and a reserved hole is opened on the cutter disc panel on the rear side of the scraper plate, and a geological radar detection device is installed in the reserved hole, and the geological radar detection device includes a shell, and a signal transmitter, a signal transmitting antenna, a signal receiver, a signal receiving antenna and a geological radar main control unit are arranged in the shell; a roller is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the top of the shell and the back plate of the cutter disc are installed together through a telescopic connector.

2. The shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The telescopic connecting piece is a buffer spring, the top end of which is fixed on the back plate of the cutter disc, and the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the top of the shell; when the buffer spring is in a relaxed state, the bottom edge of the roller and the bottom edge of the scraper plate are on the same horizontal plane.

3. The shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The telescopic connecting part includes a hydraulic cylinder and a buffer spring. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the back plate of the cutter disc. The top end of the buffer spring is correspondingly connected to the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the bottom end of the buffer spring is fixedly connected to the top of the shell. A hydraulic telescopic door is arranged on one side of the opening of the reserved hole. When the roller cutter is breaking rock, the hydraulic telescopic door is in an extended state to close the opening of the reserved hole. When radar detection is required, the hydraulic telescopic door is retracted, and the hydraulic cylinder controls the geological radar detection device to extend out of the reserved hole so that the roller contacts the face.

4. The shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The height of the scraper plate is lower than the height of the hob cutter ring.

5. The shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The scraper plate, shell and roller are all made of high-strength alloy wear-resistant material.

6. The shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: With the center of the cutter disc as the center of the circle, the cutter disc is divided into a plurality of annular sections according to the rotation trajectory of the roller cutter on the cutter disc, and at least one geological radar detection device is arranged in each annular section.

7. The shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The geological radar detection devices in two adjacent annular sections are not on the same diameter of the cutterhead.

8. The shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The angle between the cutterhead radii where the geological radar detection devices are located in two adjacent annular intervals is 45 degrees.

9. The shield machine-mounted surrounding rock geological radar detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal transmitter and signal receiver adopt KJH-DJ explosion-proof geological radar receiver and transmitter; the signal transmitting antenna and signal receiving antenna adopt antennas with a main frequency of 100MHz and a pulse width of 0.25ns; the geological radar main control unit adopts a CUII host.

Images