Blade icing monitoring control system and wind turbine generator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of wind driven generators, and provides a blade icing monitoring control system and a wind turbine generator, the monitoring control system comprises an icing sensor arranged on a blade of the wind turbine generator and used for collecting icing information of the outer surface of the blade and generating and sending an icing signal; the position sensor is arranged on the blade and used for collecting position information of the blade and generating and sending a position signal; the control module is in communication connection with the icing sensor and the position sensor, and is used for receiving the icing signal and the position signal, sending a control instruction to the wind turbine generator when judging that the thickness of the ice layer reaches a preset value or the thickness of the ice layer starts to be reduced, controlling the wind turbine generator to stop, and adjusting and locking the blade to a preset position; therefore, the probability that the parts are crushed by the falling ice blocks in the deicing process can be effectively reduced, so that the problems of loss caused by damage of the parts and long-time shutdown of the wind turbine generator are reduced, and the running safety of the fan is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wind turbines, in particular to a blade ice-covered monitoring and control system and a wind turbine set. Background Art

[0002] Wind power generation is a technology that uses wind energy to generate electricity. It converts the kinetic energy of natural wind into mechanical energy, and then converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy through a generator. It has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages such as being renewable, clean and having little impact on the environment.

[0003] With the vigorous development of wind power generation, wind turbines have been installed in various regions of my country, including some areas with cold winter climates. When wind turbines operate under cold conditions or encounter rainy and snowy weather, the blades of the wind turbines are prone to ice. The output power of the wind turbine will be significantly reduced when the blades are frozen. Therefore, timely de-icing is very important for wind turbines.

[0004] In the related art, wind turbines are generally equipped with de-icing equipment, such as a gas-heat de-icing device. When the ice on the blades reaches a certain thickness, the de-icing equipment is started to remove the ice to ensure the normal operation of the wind turbine.

[0005] However, during the de-icing process, the fallen ice may hit the wind turbine shroud, nacelle cover, transformer box and other components, which may easily cause equipment damage and lead to operational accidents. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model provides a blade ice monitoring and control system and a wind turbine generator set, which are used to solve the defects in the prior art that ice cubes that fall off during de-icing may hit the wind turbine generator set components, causing equipment damage and leading to operating accidents. The utility model can effectively reduce the probability of ice cubes that fall off during de-icing damaging components, reduce losses, and ensure the safety of wind turbine operation.

[0007] The utility model provides a blade ice monitoring and control system, comprising:

[0008] An ice sensor is arranged on the blade of the wind turbine generator set, and is used to collect ice information on the outer surface of the blade, and generate and send an ice signal;

[0009] A position sensor is arranged on the blade, and is used to collect position information of the blade, generate and send a position signal; a control module is communicatively connected with the ice coating sensor and the position sensor, and is used to receive the ice coating signal and the position signal, and when it is determined that the ice layer thickness reaches a preset value or the ice layer thickness begins to decrease, sends a control instruction to the wind turbine set, controls the wind turbine set to shut down, and adjusts the blade to and locks it at a preset position.

[0010] According to a blade icing monitoring and control system provided by the utility model, it also includes an alarm module; the control module is communicatively connected with the alarm module, and when it is determined that the wind turbine set is shut down and the blades are locked in a preset position, the control module sends an alarm instruction to the alarm module to control the alarm module to alarm.

[0011] The utility model also provides a wind turbine generator set, comprising a wind wheel, wherein blades are mounted on the hub of the wind wheel; and further comprising the above-mentioned blade ice-covering monitoring and control system;

[0012] The ice sensor and the position sensor of the blade ice monitoring and control system are arranged on the blade.

[0013] According to a wind turbine generator set provided by the utility model, the position sensor is arranged at the root of the blade;

[0014] A plurality of ice sensors are arranged on each of the blades, and the monitoring range of the plurality of ice sensors covers the entire area from the root to the end of the blade.

[0015] A wind turbine set provided by the utility model further includes a yaw system, the control module is communicatively connected with the yaw system, and the yaw system is adapted to adjust the direction of the wind wheel according to the control instruction of the control module.

[0016] A wind turbine generator set provided by the utility model further includes a pitch control system, the control module is communicatively connected with the pitch control system, and the pitch control system is adapted to adjust the angle of the blade according to the control instruction of the control module.

[0017] A wind turbine set provided by the utility model further includes a braking system, the control module is communicatively connected with the braking system, and the braking system is suitable for locking the blades at a preset position according to a control instruction of the control module.

[0018] According to a wind turbine set provided by the utility model, the braking system includes a locking disk and a brake; the locking disk is arranged between the blades and the hub and is used to lock the blades; the brake is used to lock the transmission shaft.

[0019] A wind turbine generator set provided by the utility model further comprises a deicing module. When it is determined that the wind turbine generator set is shut down and the blades are locked at a preset position, the deicing module is used to de-ice the blades.

[0020] According to a wind turbine generator set provided by the utility model, the deicing module includes an air-heat deicing device.

[0021] The blade ice monitoring control system and wind turbine generator set provided by the utility model can monitor the ice condition on the blade surface through the ice sensor, so as to judge whether the blade needs to be de-iced. In one case, when the thickness of the ice layer on the blade surface reaches a preset value, it indicates that the ice layer may affect the normal operation of the wind turbine generator set and the blade needs to be de-iced; in another case, when the thickness of the ice layer on the blade surface begins to decrease, it indicates that the ice layer begins to melt and ice cubes may fall off and the blade needs to be de-iced; in the above two cases, the control module controls the wind turbine generator set to shut down and adjust the position of the blade, the position sensor can collect the position information of the blade in real time, and feed the position information back to the control module, and the control module controls the wind turbine generator set to adjust and lock the blade to the preset position based on the signal feedback of the position sensor; when the blade is in the preset position, it is misaligned with the deflector, the nacelle cover, the box transformer and other components, so that the probability of the ice cubes falling off during the de-icing process damaging the above components can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the losses caused by component damage and the problem of long-term shutdown of the wind turbine generator set, so that the safety of the wind turbine operation can be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the blade icing monitoring and control system provided in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the blade icing monitoring and control system provided by the embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 10. Ice sensor; 11. Position sensor; 12. Control module; 20. Blade; 21. Fairing; 22. Nacelle cover; 23. Yaw system; 24. Pitch system; 25. Braking system; 250. Locking plate; 251. Brake; 26. Gearbox; 27. Generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] In order to facilitate understanding of the blade icing monitoring and control system and wind turbine provided by the utility model, its application background is first introduced. When the wind turbine is operated under cold conditions or encounters rainy and snowy weather, the fan blades are prone to ice. The output power of the fan will be significantly reduced when the blades are frozen. Therefore, timely deicing is very important for the wind turbine.

[0029] In the related art, wind turbines are generally equipped with de-icing equipment. When the ice on the blades reaches a certain thickness, the de-icing equipment is started to remove the ice to ensure the normal operation of the wind turbine.

[0030] However, during the de-icing process, the fallen ice may hit the wind turbine shroud, nacelle cover, transformer box and other components, which may easily cause equipment damage and lead to operational accidents.

[0031] Therefore, how to effectively avoid component damage during the de-icing process and ensure the safe operation of the wind turbine is an important issue that needs to be solved urgently.

[0032] Based on the above problems, the utility model provides a blade ice monitoring and control system and a wind turbine set, which can effectively reduce the probability of falling ice damaging components during the de-icing process, reduce losses, and ensure the safety of wind turbine operation.

[0033] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 2 The utility model describes a blade ice-covering monitoring control system and a wind turbine generator set.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A blade icing monitoring and control system includes an icing sensor 10, a position sensor 11 and a control module 12; wherein the icing sensor 10 is arranged on the blade 20 of the wind turbine generator set, and is used to collect icing information on the outer surface of the blade 20, and generate and send an icing signal; the position sensor 11 is arranged on the blade 20, and is used to collect position information of the blade 20, and generate and send a position signal; the control module 12 is communicatively connected with the icing sensor 10 and the position sensor 11, and is used to receive the icing signal and the position signal, and when it is determined that the ice layer thickness reaches a preset value or the ice layer thickness begins to decrease, a control instruction is sent to the wind turbine generator set to control the wind turbine generator set to shut down and adjust the blade 20 to and lock it at a preset position.

[0035] The above-mentioned preset position refers to the position where the wind turbine blade 20 is displaced from the wind deflector 21, the nacelle cover 22, the box transformer and other components (such as Figure 1 The purpose is to prevent the falling ice from damaging the above components, which can be confirmed according to the specific installation positions of the components on the wind turbine.

[0036] In a specific application scenario, the ice sensor 10 can monitor the ice condition on the surface of the blade 20 to determine whether the blade 20 needs to be de-iced. In one case, when the thickness of the ice layer on the surface of the blade 20 reaches a preset value, it indicates that the ice layer may affect the normal operation of the wind turbine and the blade 20 needs to be de-iced. In another case, when the thickness of the ice layer on the surface of the blade 20 begins to decrease, it indicates that the ice layer begins to melt and ice cubes may fall off, and the blade 20 needs to be de-iced. In the above two cases, the control module 12 controls the wind turbine to shut down and de-ice the blade 20. The position of the blade 20 can be adjusted, and the position sensor 11 can collect the position information of the blade 20 in real time, and feed the position information back to the control module 12. The control module 12 controls the wind turbine to adjust the blade 20 to and lock it at the preset position based on the signal feedback of the position sensor 11; when the blade 20 is in the preset position, it is misaligned with the deflector 21, the nacelle cover 22, the box transformer and other components. In this way, the probability of ice cubes falling off during the de-icing process damaging the above-mentioned components can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the losses caused by component damage and the problem of long-term shutdown of the wind turbine, so that the safety of the wind turbine operation can be guaranteed.

[0037] It is understandable that in order to make the blades 20 capture wind energy more efficiently and provide more stable power output under different meteorological conditions, the wind turbine is generally equipped with a system for adjusting the direction of the blades 20, such as a yaw system 23. The yaw system 23 is a wind-directing device that can adjust the direction of the blades 20 when the direction of the wind speed vector changes so that the blades 20 can be quickly and smoothly aligned with the wind direction, so that the wind rotor can obtain the maximum wind energy. The specific structure and working principle of the yaw system 23 can refer to the prior art.

[0038] In the embodiment of the utility model, the control module 12 is connected to the yaw system 23 for communication. When it is determined that the ice thickness reaches a preset value or the ice thickness begins to decrease, the control module 12 can control the yaw system 23 to adjust the orientation of the blade 20. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the utility model, the orientation of the blade 20 is adjusted by using the yaw system 23 of the wind turbine generator set, without involving changes in the structure and working principle of the yaw system 23 itself. Therefore, the specific structure of the yaw system 23 is not described in detail in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0039] It is understandable that when the wind turbine is in operation, in order to optimize the wind energy conversion efficiency, the angle of the blade 20 needs to be adjusted through the pitch system 24. The pitch system 24 is an important component of the wind turbine. Its function is to adjust the angle of the blade 20 in real time according to the change of wind speed near the rated wind speed, control the mechanical energy absorbed, and reduce the impact of wind on the wind turbine while ensuring the maximum energy. The specific structure and working principle of the pitch system 24 can refer to the existing technology.

[0040] In the embodiment of the utility model, the control module 12 is connected to the pitch system 24 in communication. When it is determined that the ice thickness reaches a preset value or the ice thickness begins to decrease, the control module 12 can control the pitch system 24 to adjust the angle of the blade 20. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the utility model, the angle of the blade 20 is adjusted by using the pitch system 24 of the wind turbine generator set, without involving changes in the structure and working principle of the pitch system 24 itself. Therefore, the specific structure of the pitch system 24 is not described in detail in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0041] It is understandable that a wind turbine is generally equipped with a braking system 25, such as a yaw brake for locking the direction of the wind rotor, a locking disc 250 located between the wind rotor hub and the blade 20 for braking the blade 20, and a brake 251 for braking the transmission shaft, etc. The operation of the wind turbine is controlled by the braking system 25 to stop or limit its movement when necessary. Common braking methods include friction braking, hydraulic braking, and electromagnetic braking, etc., and the details can be referred to the prior art.

[0042] In the embodiment of the utility model, the control module 12 is connected to the brake system 25 in communication, and the brake system 25 is adapted to lock the blade 20 at a preset position according to the designation of the control module 12. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the utility model, the fixed-point braking of the blade 20 is achieved by using the brake system 25 of the wind turbine generator set, without involving changes in the structure and working principle of the brake system 25 itself, and therefore, the specific structure of the brake system 25 is not described in detail in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0043] In some embodiments of the utility model, based on different working principles, the ice sensor 10 has multiple options, such as a capacitive ice sensor, a resistive ice sensor, an ultrasonic ice sensor, a microwave ice sensor, etc., which can be flexibly configured according to actual needs and application scenarios.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, based on different working principles, the position sensor 11 has multiple options, such as a laser position sensor, a photoelectric position sensor, an ultrasonic position sensor, etc., which can be flexibly configured according to actual needs and application scenarios.

[0045] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the blade ice monitoring and control system also includes an alarm module. The control module 12 is communicated with the alarm module. When it is determined that the wind turbine is shut down and the blades 20 are locked in a preset position, the control module 12 sends an alarm instruction to the alarm module to control the alarm module to alarm, thereby reminding the operation and maintenance personnel to take de-icing measures in time to ensure the safe operation of the wind turbine.

[0046] The warning information issued by the alarm module can be presented in different forms, such as sound, light, or a combination of sound and light, and can be flexibly configured according to actual needs and application scenarios.

[0047] In actual applications, when the ice sensor 10 detects that the thickness of the ice layer on the surface of the blade 20 reaches a preset value or the thickness of the ice layer on the surface of the blade 20 begins to decrease, the control module 12 controls the wind turbine to shut down and adjust the position of the blade 20. The position sensor 11 can collect the position information of the blade 20 in real time and feed the position information back to the control module 12. The control module 12 controls the wind turbine to adjust the blade 20 to and lock it at the preset position based on the signal feedback of the position sensor 11. When it is determined that the wind turbine is shut down and the blade 20 is locked at the preset position, the control module 12 sends an alarm instruction to the alarm module to control the alarm module to alarm, thereby reminding the operation and maintenance personnel to take de-icing measures in time. At the preset position, the blade 20 is misaligned with the deflector 21, the nacelle cover 22, the box transformer and other components. The probability of ice falling off during the de-icing process damaging the above components is reduced, thereby reducing the losses caused by component damage and the problem of long-term shutdown of the wind turbine, thereby ensuring the safety of the wind turbine operation.

[0048] The wind turbine set provided by the present invention is described below. The wind turbine set described below and the blade icing monitoring and control system described above can be referred to each other.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A wind turbine generator set includes a blade 20 installed on a wind rotor hub and the above-mentioned blade icing monitoring and control system; an icing sensor 10 and a position sensor 11 of the blade icing monitoring and control system are arranged on the blade 20.

[0050] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the position sensor 11 is arranged at the root of the blade 20 for monitoring the position of the blade 20 in real time; a plurality of ice sensors 10 are arranged on each blade 20, and the monitoring range of the plurality of ice sensors 10 covers the entire area from the root to the end of the blade 20, thereby comprehensively monitoring the ice coverage of the blade 20.

[0051] In a specific embodiment of the utility model, the wind turbine group also includes a yaw system 23 and a pitch system 24; the control module 12 is communicated with the yaw system 23 and the pitch system 24; wherein the yaw system 23 is suitable for adjusting the direction of the wind wheel according to the control instructions of the control module 12, and the pitch system 24 is suitable for adjusting the angle of the blade 20 according to the control instructions of the control module 12.

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the wind turbine also includes a braking system 25, the control module 12 is in communication with the braking system 25, and the braking system 25 is adapted to lock the blades 20 at a preset position according to control instructions of the control module 12 to achieve fixed-point braking.

[0053] Specifically, the braking system 25 includes a locking plate 250 and a brake 251; wherein the locking plate 250 is arranged between the blade 20 and the hub, and is used to lock the blade 20; the brake 251 is arranged between the gear box 26 and the generator 27, and is used to lock the transmission shaft; the locking effect of the blade 20 can be ensured by the locking plate 250 and the brake 251.

[0054] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the wind turbine generator set further includes a deicing module. When it is determined that the wind turbine generator set is shut down and the blades 20 are locked in a preset position, the deicing module is used to de-ice the blades 20.

[0055] Specifically, the deicing module includes but is not limited to a hot gas deicing device.

[0056] It can be understood that in order to achieve wind capture and power generation, the wind turbine includes but is not limited to the structures or components listed above. For details, please refer to the prior art. The embodiments of the present utility model do not make any changes to other structures or components of the wind turbine. Therefore, the embodiments of the present utility model will no longer list other structures or components of the wind turbine one by one.

[0057] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the technical features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined.

[0058] The novelty of the utility model is that the ice covering condition on the surface of the blade 20 can be monitored by the ice covering sensor 10, so as to judge whether the blade 20 needs to be de-iced. In one case, when the thickness of the ice layer on the surface of the blade 20 reaches a preset value, it indicates that the ice layer may affect the normal operation of the wind turbine and the blade 20 needs to be de-iced. In another case, when the thickness of the ice layer on the surface of the blade 20 begins to decrease, it indicates that the ice layer begins to melt and ice cubes may fall off and the blade 20 needs to be de-iced. In the above two cases, the control module 12 controls the wind turbine to shut down and de-ice the blade 20. The position of the blade 20 can be adjusted by the position sensor 11, and the position information of the blade 20 can be collected in real time, and the position information is fed back to the control module 12. The control module 12 controls the wind turbine to adjust the blade 20 to and lock it at the preset position based on the signal feedback of the position sensor 11; when the blade 20 is in the preset position, it is misaligned with the deflector 21, the nacelle cover 22, the box transformer and other components. In this way, the probability of ice cubes falling off during the de-icing process damaging the above-mentioned components can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the losses caused by component damage and the problem of long-term shutdown of the wind turbine, so that the safety of the wind turbine operation can be guaranteed.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A blade icing monitoring and control system, characterized in that: include: An ice-covering sensor (10) is arranged on a blade (20) of a wind turbine generator set and is used to collect ice-covering information on the outer surface of the blade (20) and to generate and send an ice-covering signal; A position sensor (11) is arranged on the blade (20) and is used to collect position information of the blade (20) and generate and send a position signal; A control module (12) is communicatively connected with the ice coating sensor (10) and the position sensor (11), and is used to receive the ice coating signal and the position signal, and when it is determined that the ice layer thickness reaches a preset value or the ice layer thickness begins to decrease, sends a control instruction to the wind turbine generator set to control the wind turbine generator set to shut down and adjust the blade (20) to and lock it at a preset position.

2. The blade icing monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an alarm module; the control module (12) is in communication connection with the alarm module, and when it is determined that the wind turbine set is shut down and the blades (20) are locked in a preset position, the control module (12) sends an alarm instruction to the alarm module to control the alarm module to alarm.

3. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: It comprises a wind wheel, on the hub of which blades (20) are mounted; and it also comprises a blade icing monitoring and control system as claimed in claim 1 or 2; The ice coating sensor (10) and the position sensor (11) of the blade ice coating monitoring and control system are arranged on the blade (20).

4. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that: The position sensor (11) is arranged at the root of the blade (20); A plurality of ice-covered sensors (10) are arranged on each of the blades (20), and the monitoring range of the plurality of ice-covered sensors (10) covers the entire area from the root to the end of the blade (20).

5. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a yaw system (23), the control module (12) being in communication connection with the yaw system (23), and the yaw system (23) being adapted to adjust the orientation of the wind wheel according to a control instruction of the control module (12).

6. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a pitch control system (24), the control module (12) being communicatively connected to the pitch control system (24), and the pitch control system (24) being adapted to adjust the angle of the blade (20) according to a control instruction of the control module (12).

7. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a braking system (25), the control module (12) being in communication connection with the braking system (25), and the braking system (25) being adapted to lock the blade (20) at a preset position according to a control instruction of the control module (12).

8. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 7, characterized in that: The braking system (25) comprises a locking disk (250) and a brake (251); the locking disk (250) is arranged between the blade (20) and the hub and is used to lock the blade (20); the brake (251) is used to lock the transmission shaft.

9. The wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that: It also comprises a deicing module, and when it is determined that the wind turbine set is shut down and the blades (20) are locked at a preset position, the deicing module is used to de-ice the blades (20).

10. The wind turbine generator set according to claim 9, characterized in that: The deicing module includes an air-heat deicing device.

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