High-efficiency power adapter

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of power supplies, aims to solve the technical problem of low charging efficiency of a power adapter in the prior art, and discloses a high-efficiency power adapter which comprises a single chip microcomputer and a constant-current and constant-voltage charging circuit, and a D / A conversion circuit and an A / D conversion circuit are arranged between the single chip microcomputer and the constant-current and constant-voltage charging circuit. The A / D conversion circuit comprises a first A / D conversion circuit and a second A / D conversion circuit; the constant-current and constant-voltage charging circuit comprises an adjusting tube, a potentiometer R65, a potentiometer R61 and a voltage comparator U1, a first fixed end of the potentiometer R65 is connected with an emitting electrode of the adjusting tube, a second fixed end of the potentiometer R65 is grounded, a sliding end of the potentiometer R65 is connected with the single-chip microcomputer through a first A / D conversion circuit and used for sending sampling signals of output voltage to the single-chip microcomputer through the first A / D conversion circuit, and the single-chip microcomputer is connected with the voltage comparator U1. And a sliding end of the potentiometer R61 is connected with an inverted input end of the voltage comparator U1 through a resistor R62, so that voltage detection and accurate control of output current are realized, and the efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power supply, and in particular to a high-efficiency power adapter. Background Art

[0002] Traditional power adapters usually use traditional current control methods during the charging process, mainly through current limiters or linear current regulators. However, this method has some defects, one of which is that the precise control of current during the charging process may be insufficient, resulting in reduced charging efficiency. This is because traditional current control methods are difficult to maintain a stable current output throughout the charging cycle, which may cause current fluctuations.

[0003] Another common control method is to use voltage control for charging. Although voltage control can provide a certain degree of control over the current, it may cause current fluctuations, making it difficult to maintain a stable charging current throughout the charging process. This fluctuation may have a certain impact on the charging equipment and battery, thereby reducing the charging efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-efficiency power adapter to solve the technical problem of low charging efficiency of the power adapter in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the specific technical solution of a high-efficiency power adapter of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A high-efficiency power adapter, comprising a single chip and a constant current and constant voltage charging circuit, wherein the single chip and the constant current and constant voltage charging circuit are respectively provided with a D / A conversion circuit and an A / D conversion circuit, the single chip is connected to a display circuit, the display circuit is connected to an LCD display screen, and the A / D conversion circuit comprises a first A / D conversion circuit and a second A / D conversion circuit;

[0007] The constant current and constant voltage charging circuit includes an adjustment tube, a potentiometer R65, a potentiometer R61, and a voltage comparator U1. The first fixed end of the potentiometer R65 is connected to the emitter of the adjustment tube, the second fixed end of the potentiometer R65 is grounded, the sliding end of the potentiometer R65 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the first A / D conversion circuit, and is used to send the sampling signal of the output voltage to the single-chip microcomputer through the first A / D conversion circuit. The sliding end of the potentiometer R61 is connected to the inverting input end of the voltage comparator U1 through the resistor R62. The adjustment tube, the potentiometer R65 and the first A / D conversion circuit constitute a voltage detection circuit.

[0008] The voltage detection of the power adapter is realized by adjusting the components such as the adjustment tube, potentiometer R65, potentiometer R61 and voltage comparator U1, so that the microcontroller can dynamically adjust the function. This can ensure that the output voltage can always be maintained at the required constant level in different usage scenarios.

[0009] The design of the constant current and constant voltage charging circuit can achieve precise control of the output current, ensure the stability of the current during the charging process, and help improve the charging efficiency and safety of the equipment.

[0010] The single chip microcomputer realizes intelligent control of the power adapter by connecting the display circuit and the LCD display screen. This allows users to easily monitor and adjust power parameters and improves the user experience.

[0011] The existence of the first A / D conversion circuit and the second A / D conversion circuit provides more input channels, helps to monitor and control multiple power supply parameters, and enhances the flexibility and adjustability of the system.

[0012] The voltage detection circuit composed of the adjustment tube, potentiometer R65 and the first A / D conversion circuit can monitor the power supply output voltage in real time and feed it back to the microcontroller, realizing precise control and protection of the voltage, which helps prevent voltage fluctuations from damaging the equipment.

[0013] The integrated design of voltage, current control, display and monitoring of the power adapter improves its efficiency and reliability, providing users with a better experience.

[0014] Furthermore, the adjustment tube is composed of a transistor Q5 and a transistor Q6, the emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to the base of the transistor Q6, the collector of the transistor Q5 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q6, and the emitter of the transistor Q6 outputs a voltage through the output control switch S1.

[0015] The dual triode configuration using transistors Q5 and Q6 helps achieve higher power stability and reliability. This configuration provides greater power handling capability, allowing the power adapter to adapt to different load conditions.

[0016] By connecting the emitter of Q5 to the base of Q6, effective voltage transfer is achieved. This connection method helps to keep the output voltage of the power adapter within the required range and enhances the regulation accuracy of the adjustment tube.

[0017] The collector of Q5 is connected to the collector of Q6, which enables the stable operation of the power adapter. This connection method helps to ensure the reliability of the output voltage and reduce the impact of power fluctuations on the receiving device.

[0018] The emitter of transistor Q6 is connected to the output control switch S1, so that the output voltage can be controlled by switch S1. This design allows the user to manually or automatically cut off or turn on the power output, improving the operability and energy saving of the power adapter.

[0019] Due to the configuration of transistors Q5 and Q6, the power adapter can more efficiently convert input power into output power, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the entire system. This is very important for a high-efficiency power adapter, especially in consideration of energy saving and environmental protection.

[0020] The dual triode configuration and related connection method of the pass tube improve the performance of the power adapter, including stability, reliability and efficiency, and provide users with more reliable and efficient power output.

[0021] Furthermore, the constant current and constant voltage charging circuit includes a sampling resistor R66 and an operational amplifier U3. The first end of the sampling resistor R66 is connected to the base of the adjustment tube through a capacitor C24, the second end of the sampling resistor R66 is grounded, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is grounded, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the first end of the sampling resistor R66 through a resistor R67, the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a second A / D conversion circuit, the sampling signal on the sampling resistor R66 is sent to the operational amplifier U3, and the output of the operational amplifier is converted by the second A / D conversion circuit. The converted digital signal is processed by the single-chip microcomputer, and the measured value is displayed on the LCD display. The sampling resistor R66, the operational amplifier U3 and the second A / D conversion circuit constitute a current detection circuit.

[0022] Through the configuration of sampling resistor R66 and op amp U3, the current detection circuit realizes accurate monitoring of the charging current. This helps to ensure that the current remains at a set constant level during the charging process, thereby improving the charging efficiency and the safety of the charging equipment.

[0023] The combination of sampling resistor R66, op amp U3 and the second A / D conversion circuit constitutes a current detection circuit. This design allows real-time monitoring of current changes, converting the sampling signal into a digital signal through op amp U3, and sending it to the microcontroller for processing through the second A / D conversion circuit. This provides high-precision detection and monitoring of current.

[0024] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U3 is grounded, which helps to improve the anti-interference ability of the current detection circuit. This design can effectively reduce the circuit's sensitivity to external interference and ensure the accuracy and stability of current measurement.

[0025] The output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the single chip microcomputer through the second A / D conversion circuit, realizing the digital processing of the current signal, which facilitates the subsequent digital signal processing and can more flexibly analyze and control the current parameters.

[0026] Through the connection between the microcontroller and the LCD display, the measured current value can be intuitively displayed to the user. This improves the user's real-time understanding of the charging status and enhances the user's control over the use of the power adapter.

[0027] This design provides efficient and accurate detection and monitoring of current, allowing the power adapter to maintain constant current output during charging and provide clear information to the user through the LCD display, improving the controllability of the power adapter and user experience.

[0028] Furthermore, the constant current constant voltage charging circuit includes a transistor Q4 and an operational amplifier U2, the transistor Q4 is a PNP transistor, and the transistors Q5, Q6 and Q7 are NPN transistors;

[0029] The emitter of transistor Q4 is connected to the anode of diode D5 through resistor R53, the cathode of diode D5 is connected to the anode of diode D6, the cathode of diode D6 is connected to the base of transistor Q4, the collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the base of transistor Q5 through diode D7, and the collector of transistor Q5 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q4 through resistor R53;

[0030] The collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the collector of transistor Q7 through resistor R55, the emitter of transistor Q7 is connected to the base of transistor Q4 through resistors R54 and R57, and the base of transistor Q7 is connected to the cathode of diode D8 through resistor R56.

[0031] The utility model provides a high-efficiency power adapter with the following advantages:

[0032] The power adapter combines a single-chip microcomputer with a constant current and constant voltage charging circuit, realizes precise control of power output through D / A and A / D conversion circuits, adopts a combination of adjustment tube, potentiometer R65 and potentiometer R61, and realizes reliable voltage detection through voltage comparator U1. In addition, the combination of LCD display and single-chip microcomputer enables users to easily monitor the power status. The overall design achieves high efficiency, stability and controllability, improves the performance of the power adapter, and provides users with a better experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a functional structure diagram of the high-efficiency power adapter provided by the utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 The constant current and constant voltage charging circuit schematic provided by the utility model;

[0035] Figure 3This is a peripheral circuit diagram of the digital-to-analog conversion module provided by the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0037] See also Figure 1 The utility model provides a high-efficiency power adapter, including a single chip and a constant current and constant voltage charging circuit, the single chip and the constant current and constant voltage charging circuit are respectively provided with a D / A conversion circuit and an A / D conversion circuit, the single chip is connected to a display circuit, and the display circuit is connected to an LCD display screen. The A / D conversion circuit includes a first A / D conversion circuit and a second A / D conversion circuit.

[0038] See also Figure 2 The constant current and constant voltage charging circuit includes an adjustment tube, a potentiometer R65, a potentiometer R61, and a voltage comparator U1. The first fixed end of the potentiometer R65 is connected to the emitter of the adjustment tube, the second fixed end of the potentiometer R65 is grounded, and the sliding end of the potentiometer R65 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the first A / D conversion circuit, which is used to send the sampling signal of the output voltage to the single-chip microcomputer through the first A / D conversion circuit. The converted digital signal is processed by the single-chip microcomputer, and then the measured value is displayed on the LCD screen through the display circuit screen. The above circuit constitutes a voltage detection circuit, and the sliding end of the potentiometer R61 is connected to the inverting input end of the voltage comparator U1 through the resistor R62.

[0039] See also Figure 3 , the voltage output terminal of the digital-to-analog conversion module U14 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator U1.

[0040] The single-chip microcomputer is connected to the digital-to-analog conversion module U14 through port DIN, port SCLK and port CS respectively. The digital signal transmitted by the single-chip microcomputer is converted into an analog signal by the digital-to-analog conversion module U14 as a reference voltage, and then transmitted to the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator U1.

[0041] The output end samples the voltage signal from the potentiometer R61 and sends it to the inverting input end of the voltage comparator U1 for comparison with the base voltage. The comparison result is fed back from the output end of the voltage comparator U1 to the base of the transistor Q7 to control the conduction state of the transistor Q7.

[0042] The first constant current source circuit is composed of diode D5, diode D6, resistor R53 and transistor Q4; the conduction state of transistor Q7 affects the absorption current of the constant current source original circuit, thereby changing the driving current of the first constant current source circuit to the base of the adjustment tube and stabilizing the output value of the adjustment tube.

[0043] In order to reduce output ripple, the adjustment tube is preferably a Darling diode, and the base current of the adjustment tube is provided by a second constant current source. In order to further reduce the influence of power supply voltage fluctuation on the adjustment tube, the circuit adopts suspension drive.

[0044] Specifically, the adjustment tube is composed of a transistor Q5 and a transistor Q6, the emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to the base of the transistor Q6, the collector of the transistor Q5 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q6, and the emitter of the transistor Q6 outputs a voltage through the output control switch S1.

[0045] The constant current constant voltage charging circuit comprises a transistor Q4 and an operational amplifier U2, wherein the transistor Q4 is a PNP transistor, and the transistors Q5, Q6 and Q7 are NPN transistors;

[0046] The emitter of transistor Q4 is connected to the anode of diode D5 through resistor R53, the cathode of diode D5 is connected to the anode of diode D6, the cathode of diode D6 is connected to the base of transistor Q4, the collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the base of transistor Q5 through diode D7, and the collector of transistor Q5 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q4 through resistor R53;

[0047] The collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the collector of transistor Q7 through resistor R55, the emitter of transistor Q7 is connected to the base of transistor Q4 through resistor R54 and resistor R57, and the base of transistor Q7 is connected to the cathode of diode D8 through resistor R56;

[0048] The output end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the anode of the diode D8, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 is input with the voltage signal DA2 through the resistors R69 and R70, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3, the intermediate node between the resistor R69 and the voltage R70 is connected with the capacitor C28, the other end of the capacitor C28 is connected to the first end of the sampling resistor R66, the resistor R68 is connected between the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 and the output end of the operational amplifier U3, and the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the port AD2 through the resistor R71.

[0049] Among them, resistor R68 can introduce negative feedback between the input and output of the op amp to improve the stability of the circuit; through negative feedback, the gain of the op amp is reduced, thereby reducing the sensitivity of the system to changes in the input signal; by adjusting the resistance value of resistor R68, the overall gain of the circuit can be adjusted.

[0050] The constant current and constant voltage charging circuit includes a sampling resistor R66 and an operational amplifier U3. The first end of the sampling resistor R66 is connected to the base of the adjustment tube through a capacitor C24, the second end of the sampling resistor R66 is grounded, the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier U3 is grounded, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the first end of the sampling resistor R66 through a resistor R67, the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a second A / D conversion circuit, the sampling signal on the sampling resistor R66 is sent to the operational amplifier U3, and the output of the operational amplifier is converted by the second A / D conversion circuit. The converted digital signal is processed by the single-chip microcomputer, and the measured value is displayed on the LCD display. The above circuit constitutes a current detection circuit.

[0051] In summary, the utility model provides a high-efficiency power adapter.

[0052] The power adapter combines a single-chip microcomputer with a constant current and constant voltage charging circuit, realizes precise control of power output through D / A and A / D conversion circuits, adopts a combination of adjustment tube, potentiometer R65 and potentiometer R61, and realizes reliable voltage detection through voltage comparator U1. In addition, the combination of LCD display and single-chip microcomputer enables users to easily monitor the power status. The overall design achieves high efficiency, stability and controllability, and improves the performance of the power adapter.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance power adapter, comprising a single chip, characterized in that: A constant current and constant voltage charging circuit is also provided, the single chip and the constant current and constant voltage charging circuit are respectively provided with a D / A conversion circuit and an A / D conversion circuit, the single chip is connected to a display circuit, the display circuit is connected to an LCD display screen, and the A / D conversion circuit includes a first A / D conversion circuit and a second A / D conversion circuit; The constant current and constant voltage charging circuit includes an adjustment tube, a potentiometer R65, a potentiometer R61, and a voltage comparator U1. The first fixed end of the potentiometer R65 is connected to the emitter of the adjustment tube, the second fixed end of the potentiometer R65 is grounded, the sliding end of the potentiometer R65 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the first A / D conversion circuit, and is used to send the sampling signal of the output voltage to the single-chip microcomputer through the first A / D conversion circuit. The sliding end of the potentiometer R61 is connected to the inverting input end of the voltage comparator U1 through the resistor R62. The adjustment tube, the potentiometer R65 and the first A / D conversion circuit constitute a voltage detection circuit.

2. A high-efficiency power adapter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment tube is composed of a transistor Q5 and a transistor Q6, the emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to the base of the transistor Q6, the collector of the transistor Q5 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q6, and the emitter of the transistor Q6 outputs a voltage through an output control switch S1.

3. A high-efficiency power adapter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The constant current and constant voltage charging circuit includes a sampling resistor R66 and an operational amplifier U3. The first end of the sampling resistor R66 is connected to the base of the adjustment tube through a capacitor C24, the second end of the sampling resistor R66 is grounded, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is grounded, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the first end of the sampling resistor R66 through a resistor R67, the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a second A / D conversion circuit, the sampling signal on the sampling resistor R66 is sent to the operational amplifier U3, and the output of the operational amplifier is converted by the second A / D conversion circuit. The converted digital signal is processed by the single-chip microcomputer, and the measured value is displayed on the LCD display. The sampling resistor R66, the operational amplifier U3 and the second A / D conversion circuit constitute a current detection circuit.

4. A high-efficiency power adapter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The constant current constant voltage charging circuit comprises a transistor Q4 and an operational amplifier U2, wherein the transistor Q4 is a PNP transistor, and the transistors Q5, Q6 and Q7 are NPN transistors; The emitter of transistor Q4 is connected to the anode of diode D5 through resistor R53, the cathode of diode D5 is connected to the anode of diode D6, the cathode of diode D6 is connected to the base of transistor Q4, the collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the base of transistor Q5 through diode D7, and the collector of transistor Q5 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q4 through resistor R53; The collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the collector of transistor Q7 through resistor R55, the emitter of transistor Q7 is connected to the base of transistor Q4 through resistors R54 and R57, and the base of transistor Q7 is connected to the cathode of diode D8 through resistor R56.

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