Speed reducer and driving system
By setting bidirectional nozzles in the meshing area in the reducer and designing an integrated lubricating oil circuit, the challenges of gear lubrication and cooling at high speeds are solved, and uniform lubrication and cooling of the gears are achieved, which extends life and improves the stability of the reducer.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420827507.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-19
AI Technical Summary
At high speeds, the sufficient lubrication and cooling of the gears in the reducer becomes extremely challenging, which can easily lead to gear failure and temperature rise problems.
Two nozzles are respectively provided on both sides of the meshing parts of the driving gear and the driven gear to form a bidirectional active lubrication system to ensure that uniform lubrication can be achieved regardless of the rotation direction of the gear. At the same time, a lubricating oil path integrated on the front cover is designed, including the main oil path, branch oil path and bypass assembly to ensure effective circulation and temperature regulation of the lubricating oil.
Through the design of two-way active lubrication and intelligent lubricating oil circuit, the gears in the reducer are fully lubricated and cooled, extending the gear life, suppressing temperature rise, and improving the stability of the reducer.
Smart Images
Figure CN222615965U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of reducer transmission, and in particular to a reducer and a driving system including the reducer. Background Art
[0002] The reducer is an important component of new energy mining trucks and other new energy engineering machinery. The speed change is mainly achieved through the cooperation of the driving gear and the driven gear. In order to make the reducer work stably, the driving gear and the driven gear need to be fully lubricated and cooled to avoid failure of the driving gear and the driven gear due to insufficient lubrication or excessive temperature.
[0003] However, as the performance of motors improves, the speed of motors is getting higher and higher, and the speed of the driving gear and driven gear in the reducer is also getting higher and higher. The high speed poses a great challenge to the adequate lubrication and cooling of the gears in the reducer. Utility Model Content
[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a reducer and a driving system including the reducer.
[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a reducer, comprising a housing, a front cover, a driving gear and a driven gear arranged inside the housing; the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other, and the driving gear can drive the driven gear to rotate; two nozzles are correspondingly arranged at the meshing parts of each of the driving gear and the driven gear, the two nozzles are located on both sides of the meshing part, and the two nozzles both point to the meshing part.
[0006] In some embodiments, the reducer also includes a lubricating oil circuit, which includes a main oil circuit and a first branch oil circuit, and each of the nozzles corresponds to one of the first branch oil circuits; one end of the first branch oil circuit is connected to the main oil circuit, and the other end is provided with a nozzle interface; the nozzle is connected to the first branch oil circuit through the nozzle interface.
[0007] In some embodiments, the lubricating oil circuit is disposed on the front cover.
[0008] In some embodiments, the reducer includes four driving gears and one driven gear, and the four driving gears are evenly distributed along the circumference of the driven gear.
[0009] In some embodiments, the main oil circuit includes two main oil circuits extending along a first direction and two main oil circuits extending along a second direction, and the main oil circuits are interconnected at intersections; a first branch oil circuit extending along the first direction and a first branch oil circuit extending along the second direction are provided at the vertex of each main oil circuit.
[0010] In some embodiments, the lubricating oil circuit further includes an oil pump, an oil filter, and an oil cooler, and the lubricating oil enters the main oil circuit through the oil pump, the oil filter, and the oil cooler in sequence.
[0011] In some embodiments, the lubricating oil circuit further includes a bypass assembly, which includes a bypass oil circuit, a temperature sensor, and a bypass valve; one end of the bypass oil circuit is connected to the oil pump, and the other end is connected to the main oil circuit;
[0012] The bypass valve is arranged in the bypass oil circuit. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the lubricating oil is lower than the preset temperature, the bypass valve opens to conduct the bypass oil circuit; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the lubricating oil is higher than the preset temperature, the bypass valve closes to shut off the bypass oil circuit.
[0013] In some embodiments, the driving gear includes a hollow input shaft arranged at the center of the driving gear; the hollow input shaft is fixed by a fixed bearing; the fixed bearing includes a first bearing arranged on the side of the driving gear away from the front cover; the lubricating oil circuit also includes a second branch oil circuit, one end of the second branch oil circuit is connected to the first branch oil circuit, and the other end extends to the position of the hollow input shaft and is connected to a long nozzle; the long nozzle passes through the hollow input shaft and extends to the end of the driving gear away from the front cover, and the long nozzle is used to provide lubricating oil to the first bearing.
[0014] In some embodiments, a first oil hole is formed on the hollow input shaft, a first oil storage chamber is provided on a side of the first bearing close to the driving gear, and the first oil hole is communicated with the first oil storage chamber.
[0015] In some embodiments, a bearing cover plate is disposed on a side of the first bearing close to the driving gear, and the bearing cover plate, the first bearing, and the hollow input shaft enclose the first oil storage chamber.
[0016] In some embodiments, the hollow input shaft is connected to the driving shaft of the motor; a countersunk hole structure is provided on the end surface of the driving shaft close to the driving gear, and at least one second oil hole is provided on the surrounding wall of the countersunk hole structure; a second oil storage chamber is provided on the side of the first bearing away from the driving gear, and the second oil hole is connected to the second oil storage chamber.
[0017] In some embodiments, the fixed bearing also includes a second bearing arranged on the side of the driving gear close to the front cover, and a third oil hole is opened at the position of the second branch oil circuit corresponding to the second bearing for providing lubricating oil to the second bearing.
[0018] In some embodiments, the first bearing comprises a paired angular contact ball bearing and the second bearing comprises a deep groove ball bearing.
[0019] In some embodiments, the driven gear is fixed by a third bearing arranged on the side of the driven gear away from the front cover; the lubricating oil circuit also includes a third branch oil circuit arranged on the front cover and the housing; one end of the third branch oil circuit is connected to the main oil circuit, and the other end extends to the third bearing position on the side of the driven gear away from the front cover, for providing lubricating oil to the third bearing.
[0020] In some embodiments, a connecting hole is provided on the shell, and the driving shaft of the motor passes through the connecting hole to be coupled with the driving gear; a sealing ring is provided at the connecting hole.
[0021] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a drive system, which includes a motor and a reducer, and the reducer is the reducer described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0022] In the disclosed embodiment, nozzles are respectively arranged on both sides of the meshing position, so that the driving gear and the driven gear can be fully lubricated regardless of the direction in which the driving gear rotates; two nozzles are arranged at the meshing position of each driving gear and the driven gear, which can achieve uniform lubrication of gears and other components in the reducer, which is beneficial to avoid gear damage, extend gear life, effectively suppress temperature rise, and improve the stability of the reducer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reducer in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the outer side of a front cover of a lubricating oil circuit in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the inner side of a front cover of a lubricating oil circuit in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a bypass oil circuit in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of lubricating a bearing in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the oil circuit for lubricating the bearings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present disclosure, the technical solution of the present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0030] Example embodiments will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the example embodiments may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the present disclosure thorough and complete and to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the scope of the present disclosure.
[0031] In the absence of conflict, the various embodiments of the present disclosure and the various features therein may be combined with each other.
[0032] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0033] The terms used herein are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "made of" are used in this specification, the presence of the features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components is specified, but the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof is not excluded.
[0034] The embodiments described herein may be described with reference to plan views and / or cross-sectional views by means of idealized schematic diagrams of the present disclosure. Therefore, the example illustrations may be modified according to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances. Therefore, the embodiments are not limited to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but include modifications of the configurations formed based on the manufacturing process. Therefore, the regions illustrated in the accompanying drawings have schematic properties, and the shapes of the regions shown in the figures illustrate the specific shapes of the regions of the elements, but are not intended to be limiting.
[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. It will also be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning unless explicitly defined as such herein.
[0036] In some related technologies, the active gears and driven gears in the reducer are lubricated by passive lubrication. For example, the active gears, driven gears, bearings and other components located at the bottom of the reducer are immersed in lubricating oil to a certain depth, and the active gears, driven gears, bearings and other components immersed in the lubricating oil are rotated at high speed to stir the lubricating oil, thereby achieving splash lubrication of the gears, bearings and other components located at the top of the reducer. However, splash lubrication has limitations on the immersion depth of the components, the oil supply is not easy to adjust, and there are problems of uneven and insufficient lubrication. Under the condition of high input speed, large stirring losses will be generated, and there will also be problems such as excessive temperature rise.
[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a reducer in an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of a reducer in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the reducer includes a front cover 1, a housing 2, a driving gear 3 and a driven gear 4 arranged inside the housing 2; the driving gear 3 and the driven gear 4 are meshed with each other, and the driving gear 3 can drive the driven gear 4 to rotate; two nozzles 5 are correspondingly arranged at the meshing position of each driving gear 3 and the driven gear 4, and the two nozzles 5 are respectively located on both sides of the meshing position, and the two nozzles 5 both point to the meshing position.
[0039] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, nozzles 5 are respectively provided on both sides of the meshing part of the driving gear 3 and the driven gear 4 to realize bidirectional active lubrication of the driving gear 3 and the driven gear 4. When the driving gear 3 rotates in different directions and drives the driven gear 4 to rotate, the force-bearing surface of the meshing part of the driving gear 3 and the driven gear 4 will also change. By providing two nozzles 5 on both sides of the meshing part for bidirectional active lubrication, no matter which side the force-bearing surface of the gear is on, there is sufficient lubricating oil for lubrication.
[0040] In the embodiment disclosed herein, nozzles 5 are respectively provided on both sides of the meshing position, so that the driving gear 3 and the driven gear 4 can be fully lubricated regardless of the direction in which the driving gear 3 rotates; two nozzles 5 are provided at the meshing position of each driving gear 3 and the driven gear 4, so that uniform lubrication of gears and other components in the reducer can be achieved, which is beneficial to avoid gear damage, extend the life of the gears, effectively suppress temperature rise, and improve the stability of the reducer.
[0041] In the disclosed embodiment, the reducer further includes a lubricating oil circuit. Figure 2 and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a lubricating oil circuit in an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 and Figure 3 The arrows in the figure indicate the direction of the oil path, where: Figure 2The lubricating oil circuit shown on the outside of the front cover 1, Figure 3 The lubricating oil circuit shown on the inner side of the front cover 1.
[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lubricating oil circuit includes a main oil circuit and a first branch oil circuit, and each nozzle 5 corresponds to a first branch oil circuit; one end of the first branch oil circuit is connected to the main oil circuit, and the other end is provided with a nozzle interface 51; the nozzle 5 is connected to the first branch oil circuit through the nozzle interface 51.
[0043] In some embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lubricating oil circuit is arranged on the front cover 1.
[0044] The structure of the housing 2 of the reducer is relatively complex, usually with a large depth-to-diameter ratio, and is difficult to process. In the embodiment disclosed herein, the lubricating oil passage is integrated on the front cover 1 of the reducer, which is conducive to reducing the difficulty of processing the lubricating oil passage, ensuring the processing accuracy and quality of the lubricating oil passage, and further ensuring the injection accuracy and stability of the lubricating oil of the nozzle 5.
[0045] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not impose any special limitation on the specific structure of the reducer.
[0046] In some embodiments, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the reducer includes four driving gears 3 and one driven gear 4, and the four driving gears 3 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the driven gear 4. The driving gear 3 is used as an input gear to couple with the drive shaft of the motor; the driven gear 4 is used as an output gear to connect with the output shaft. Two nozzles 5 are provided at the meshing part of each driving gear 3 and the driven gear 4, and two-way oil injection can be performed for each meshing part of the driving gear 3 and the driven gear 4 to achieve two-way active lubrication.
[0047] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not impose any special limitation on the lubricating oil circuit.
[0048] In some embodiments, Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the main oil circuit includes two main oil circuits extending in a first direction and two main oil circuits extending in a second direction, and the main oil circuits are interconnected at the intersection; a first branch oil circuit extending in the first direction and a first branch oil circuit extending in the second direction are arranged at the vertex of each main oil circuit.
[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the lubricating oil circuit also includes an oil pump 61, an oil filter 62, and an oil cooler 63. The lubricating oil enters the main oil circuit through the oil pump 61, the oil filter 62, and the oil cooler 63 in sequence.
[0050] In some embodiments, the oil pump 61 is an electronic oil pump.
[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the lubricating oil circuit also includes a bypass component, and the bypass component includes a bypass oil circuit ( Figure 4 As shown by the arrow in the middle), temperature sensor, bypass valve; one end of the bypass oil circuit is connected to the oil pump 61, and the other end is connected to the main oil circuit; the bypass valve is set on the bypass oil circuit, and when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the lubricating oil is lower than the preset temperature, the bypass valve opens to conduct the bypass oil circuit; due to the high pressure of the oil filter 62 and the oil cooler 63, when the bypass oil circuit is connected to the main oil circuit, the lubricating oil will mainly enter the main oil circuit through the bypass oil circuit, and no or only a small amount of lubricating oil will enter the oil filter 62 and the oil cooler 63. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the lubricating oil is higher than the preset temperature, the bypass valve closes to shut off the bypass oil circuit.
[0052] When the temperature is low, the lubricating oil may not be able to pass through the oil filter 62 and the oil cooler 63 smoothly and enter the main oil circuit due to its high viscosity, and it may not be able to reach the nozzle 5 smoothly to fully lubricate the gears, which may easily cause gear wear or temperature rise damage. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting a bypass component, when the temperature is low, the bypass valve is opened, the oil pump 61 is connected to the main oil circuit through the bypass oil circuit, and the lubricating oil can directly enter the main oil circuit through the bypass oil circuit without passing through the oil filter 62 and the oil cooler 63, so that the gears can be fully lubricated even under low temperature conditions. When the temperature of the lubricating oil rises above the preset temperature, the bypass valve shuts off the bypass oil circuit, and the lubricating oil enters the main oil circuit through the oil pump 61, the oil filter 62, and the oil cooler 63.
[0053] Figure 5 and Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of lubricating a bearing in an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein: Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the oil circuit for lubricating the bearings.
[0054] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the driving gear 3 includes a hollow input shaft 31 arranged at the center of the driving gear 3; the hollow input shaft 31 is fixed by a fixed bearing; the fixed bearing includes a first bearing 7 arranged on the side of the driving gear 3 away from the front cover 1; the lubricating oil circuit also includes a second branch oil circuit, one end of the second branch oil circuit is connected to the first branch oil circuit, and the other end extends to the position of the hollow input shaft 31 and is connected to the long nozzle 8; the long nozzle 8 passes through the hollow input shaft 31 and extends to the end of the driving gear 3 away from the front cover 1, and the long nozzle 8 is used to provide lubricating oil to the first bearing 7.
[0055] In the disclosed embodiment, the input shaft of the input gear is set as a hollow structure, and the first bearing 7 located on the side of the driving gear 3 away from the front cover 1 is lubricated by a long nozzle 8 passing through the hollow structure of the input shaft. There is no need to open an oil circuit on the housing 2, which simplifies the manufacturing process of the housing 2 and is also conducive to improving the oil supply accuracy and stability of the lubrication of the first bearing 7.
[0056] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, a first oil hole 311 is opened on the hollow input shaft 31 , and a first oil storage chamber 91 is provided on a side of the first bearing 7 close to the driving gear 3 , and the first oil hole 311 is communicated with the first oil storage chamber 91 .
[0057] Figure 6 The middle arrow indicates the flow direction of the lubricating oil. When the hollow input shaft 31 rotates, the lubricating oil enters the first oil hole 311 under the action of centrifugal force, and then enters the first oil storage chamber 91. During the rotation of the hollow input shaft 31, the lubricating oil continuously enters the first oil storage chamber 91, thereby achieving continuous lubrication and cooling of the first bearing 7.
[0058] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, a bearing cover plate 71 is provided on one side of the first bearing 7 close to the driving gear 3, and the bearing cover plate 71, the first bearing 7 and the hollow input shaft 31 enclose a first oil storage chamber 91. The bearing cover plate 71 serves to collect oil.
[0059] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the hollow input shaft 31 is connected to the driving shaft 10 of the motor; a countersunk hole 101 structure is provided on the end face of the driving shaft 10 close to the driving gear 3, and at least one second oil hole 102 is provided on the peripheral wall of the countersunk hole structure 101; a second oil storage chamber 92 is provided on the side of the first bearing 7 away from the driving gear 3, and the second oil hole 102 is connected to the second oil storage chamber 92.
[0060] In the disclosed embodiment, the long nozzle 8 extends from the hollow input shaft 31 to the countersunk structure 101 of the drive shaft 10. The low-temperature lubricating oil is sprayed into the countersunk structure 101 of the drive shaft 10 through the long nozzle 8. When the drive shaft 10 rotates, the lubricating oil in the countersunk structure 101 enters the second oil hole 102 under the action of centrifugal force, and enters the second oil storage chamber 92. During the rotation of the drive shaft 10, the lubricating oil continuously enters the second oil storage chamber 92, thereby achieving continuous lubrication and cooling of the first bearing 7.
[0061] like Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, a first oil storage chamber 91 is set on the left side of the first bearing 7, and a second oil storage chamber 92 is set on the right side of the first bearing 7, so that the left and right sides of the first bearing 7 are continuously lubricated with lubricating oil, ensuring that the left and right sides of the first bearing 7 can be fully lubricated.
[0062] In some embodiments, the outer ring shoulder of the bearing, the oil baffle plate, and the outer skeleton oil seal on the side close to the drive shaft 10 form a second oil storage chamber 92.
[0063] In the disclosed embodiment, the fixed bearing also includes a second bearing arranged on the side of the driving gear 3 close to the front cover 1, and a third oil hole is opened at the position of the second branch oil circuit corresponding to the second bearing for providing lubricating oil to the second bearing.
[0064] In some embodiments, the reducer input shaft slewing bearing adopts a form with one end floating and the other end fixed, the first bearing 7 close to the drive shaft 10 adopts a pair of matched angular contact ball bearings, and the second bearing close to one end of the driving gear 3 adopts a deep groove ball bearing.
[0065] In the embodiment disclosed herein, a long nozzle 8 is added and the oil circuit design is coordinated to accurately and continuously deliver the cooled lubricating oil to the fixed bearing, thereby utilizing sufficient cooling circulating oil to continuously lubricate and cool the fixed bearing.
[0066] In the disclosed embodiment, the driven gear 4 is fixed by a third bearing arranged on the side of the driven gear 4 away from the front cover 1; the lubricating oil circuit also includes a third branch oil circuit arranged on the front cover 1 and the housing 2; one end of the third branch oil circuit is connected to the main oil circuit, and the other end extends to the third bearing position on the side of the driven gear 4 away from the front cover 1, for providing lubricating oil to the third bearing.
[0067] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, a connecting hole is provided on the housing 2, and the driving shaft 10 of the motor passes through the connecting hole to be coupled with the driving gear 3; a sealing ring 11 (oil seal) is provided at the connecting hole.
[0068] In the disclosed embodiment, an oil seal is provided at the connection hole to prevent the reducer from leaking oil and to avoid the lubricating oil leaking from the reducer from affecting the motor.
[0069] In some embodiments, the shell 2 includes a frame, and a reinforcing rib is provided on the side of the frame facing the front cover 1; a plurality of reinforcing ribs are enclosed to form a plurality of square grooves, and through holes are opened on the frame corresponding to the square grooves.
[0070] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a drive system, which includes a motor and a reducer, and the reducer is the reducer described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0071] It should be noted that, in the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
[0072] Example embodiments have been disclosed herein, and although specific terms are employed, they are used and should be interpreted only in a general illustrative sense and not for limiting purposes. In some instances, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise expressly noted, features, characteristics, and / or elements described in conjunction with a particular embodiment may be used alone or in combination with features, characteristics, and / or elements described in conjunction with other embodiments. Therefore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims
1. A reducer, comprising a housing, a front cover, a driving gear and a driven gear arranged inside the housing; the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed with each other, and the driving gear can drive the driven gear to rotate; characterized in that: Two nozzles are correspondingly arranged at the meshing position of each driving gear and the driven gear. The two nozzles are located on both sides of the meshing position and both of the two nozzles point to the meshing position.
2. The reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reducer also includes a lubricating oil circuit, which includes a main oil circuit and a first branch oil circuit, and each of the nozzles corresponds to one of the first branch oil circuits; one end of the first branch oil circuit is connected to the main oil circuit, and the other end is provided with a nozzle interface; the nozzle is connected to the first branch oil circuit through the nozzle interface.
3. The reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lubricating oil passage is arranged on the front cover.
4. The reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reducer comprises four driving gears and one driven gear, and the four driving gears are evenly distributed along the circumference of the driven gear.
5. The reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main oil circuit includes two main oil circuits extending in a first direction and two main oil circuits extending in a second direction, and the main oil circuits are interconnected at intersections; a first branch oil circuit extending in the first direction and a first branch oil circuit extending in the second direction are provided at the apex of each main oil circuit.
6. The reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lubricating oil circuit also includes an oil pump, an oil filter, and an oil cooler. The lubricating oil enters the main oil circuit through the oil pump, the oil filter, and the oil cooler in sequence.
7. The reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lubricating oil circuit also includes a bypass assembly, which includes a bypass oil circuit, a temperature sensor, and a bypass valve; one end of the bypass oil circuit is connected to the oil pump, and the other end is connected to the main oil circuit; The bypass valve is arranged in the bypass oil circuit. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the lubricating oil is lower than the preset temperature, the bypass valve opens to conduct the bypass oil circuit; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the lubricating oil is higher than the preset temperature, the bypass valve closes to shut off the bypass oil circuit.
8. The reducer according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The driving gear includes a hollow input shaft arranged at the center of the driving gear; the hollow input shaft is fixed by a fixed bearing; the fixed bearing includes a first bearing arranged on the side of the driving gear away from the front cover; the lubricating oil circuit also includes a second branch oil circuit, one end of the second branch oil circuit is connected with the first branch oil circuit, and the other end extends to the position of the hollow input shaft and is connected with a long nozzle; the long nozzle passes through the hollow input shaft and extends to the end of the driving gear away from the front cover, and the long nozzle is used to provide lubricating oil to the first bearing.
9. The reducer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hollow input shaft is provided with a first oil hole, and a first oil storage chamber is provided on a side of the first bearing close to the driving gear, and the first oil hole is communicated with the first oil storage chamber.
10. The reducer according to claim 9, characterized in that: A bearing cover plate is disposed on a side of the first bearing close to the driving gear, and the bearing cover plate, the first bearing and the hollow input shaft enclose the first oil storage chamber.
11. The reducer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hollow input shaft is connected to the driving shaft of the motor; a countersunk hole structure is arranged on the end surface of the driving shaft close to the driving gear, and at least one second oil hole is arranged on the peripheral wall of the countersunk hole structure; a second oil storage chamber is arranged on the side of the first bearing away from the driving gear, and the second oil hole is communicated with the second oil storage chamber.
12. The reducer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixed bearing also includes a second bearing arranged on a side of the driving gear close to the front cover, and a third oil hole is opened at a position of the second branch oil passage corresponding to the second bearing for providing lubricating oil to the second bearing.
13. The reducer according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first bearing comprises a paired angular contact ball bearing, and the second bearing comprises a deep groove ball bearing.
14. The reducer according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The driven gear is fixed by a third bearing arranged on the side of the driven gear away from the front cover; the lubricating oil circuit also includes a third branch oil circuit arranged on the front cover and the housing; one end of the third branch oil circuit is connected to the main oil circuit, and the other end extends to the third bearing position on the side of the driven gear away from the front cover, for providing lubricating oil to the third bearing.
15. The reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The shell is provided with a connecting hole, and the driving shaft of the motor passes through the connecting hole to be coupled with the driving gear; and a sealing ring is provided at the connecting hole.
16. A drive system, comprising a motor and a reducer, characterized in that: The reducer is a reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 15.