Gas tunnel kiln for calcining aluminum oxide ceramic powder
By designing relatively sealed kiln space and isolation doors in the gas tunnel kiln, combined with the exhaust heat recovery technology of the air-cooled cabin, the problems of low heat utilization rate and large heat discharge in the exhaust gas tunnel kiln are solved, and more efficient energy utilization and environmental protection requirements are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421412870.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-19
AI Technical Summary
The existing gas tunnel kilns have low heat utilization, high gas energy consumption, high energy consumption and high heat emissions, which is not conducive to environmental protection.
A gas tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder was designed. By relatively sealing the upper and lower spaces of the kiln truck, an isolation door and an inlet and exit door are set up to reduce heat loss and improve heat utilization. The exhaust heat is recovered through the air-cooled compartment to heat the air intake.
It significantly improves the heat utilization rate of gas tunnel kilns, saves gas energy consumption, reduces energy consumption costs, reduces heat emissions from exhaust gas, and improves environmental protection.
Smart Images
Figure CN222651905U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel kilns, and in particular relates to a gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder. Background Art
[0002] Alumina has a variety of crystal structures. The stability of alumina is closely related to its crystal structure. Among them, α-alumina (commonly known as corundum) has the best stability. The preparation of α-alumina requires high-temperature calcination of alumina, which generally uses gas-fired tunnel kiln equipment. However, the existing gas-fired tunnel kilns have problems such as low thermal utilization, high gas energy consumption, high energy consumption costs, high exhaust heat, and disadvantages for environmental protection. It is difficult to adapt to the increasingly stringent energy-saving and emission-reduction environmental protection concepts. Therefore, it is urgent to upgrade the technology of the existing gas-fired tunnel kilns. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of the above situation, the utility model provides a gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder, which can effectively improve the thermal utilization rate of the gas-fired tunnel kiln, and solve a series of technical problems caused by the low thermal utilization rate of the gas-fired tunnel kiln.
[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0005] A gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder comprises a tunnel-type kiln body and a plurality of kiln cars circulating in and out of the kiln body, each of the kiln cars being a rail-type kiln car, and two rails for the kiln cars to travel on are laid in a circle on the ground inside and outside the kiln body.
[0006] According to the traveling direction of each kiln car entering and exiting the kiln body, a preheating chamber, a calcining chamber and an air cooling chamber are sequentially arranged inside the kiln body from front to back.
[0007] The kiln car comprises a kiln car chassis and rail wheels installed below the kiln car chassis. The kiln car is rolled above the rails by the rail wheels. A plurality of saggers for containing alumina ceramic powder are stacked in an array on the kiln car chassis.
[0008] Sealing wing plates are arranged on the left and right sides of the kiln car chassis, and isolation grooves for sliding and embedding the two sealing wing plates are provided on the inner walls of the refractory masonry on the left and right sides of the kiln body from front to back. The sealing wing plates can realize relative isolation of the space above and below the kiln car.
[0009] A sealing groove is also provided on the inner wall of the refractory masonry below the isolation groove, in which a friction seal is embedded for sliding friction with the left and right sides of the kiln car chassis, thereby improving the isolation and sealing performance between the top and bottom of the kiln car, minimizing the heat from the top of the kiln car to the bottom of the kiln car, and improving the thermal utilization rate of the tunnel kiln.
[0010] The left and right side walls of the calcining chamber are respectively provided with high-speed burners for calcining the saggers on the chassis of the kiln car, and the high-speed burners are connected with a gas pipe and an air pipe.
[0011] The left side wall of the air cooling chamber is provided with an air blowing port for air cooling the sagger on the kiln car chassis, and the right side wall of the air cooling chamber is provided with an air exhaust port.
[0012] An air inlet is provided on the right side wall of the preheating chamber, and the air inlet is connected to the exhaust port through a hot air pipe. The hot air discharged from the air-cooling chamber is used to preheat the sagger on the chassis of the kiln car. An exhaust pipe is provided on the top of the preheating chamber, and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is also installed on the exhaust pipe to heat the air intake of the high-speed burner.
[0013] Furthermore, a circular chain track is arranged between the two rails, and a circular cyclic drag chain is arranged inside the chain track. The bottom of each kiln car chassis is connected to the drag chain through a connecting seat, and a sprocket and a driving motor for driving the drag chain are arranged on the outside of the kiln body, which drives the drag chain to move forward and thus drives multiple series-connected kiln cars to move forward.
[0014] Furthermore, an entrance door is provided at the front end of the preheating chamber, an exit door is provided at the rear end of the air-cooling chamber, and isolation doors are provided between the chambers. Each isolation door, the entrance door and the exit door are liftable furnace doors, and a lifting mechanism for lifting each furnace door is correspondingly provided above the furnace body.
[0015] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism is a winch, a steel wire rope is wound on the drum of the winch, the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to the top of each furnace door, and the lifting and lowering of the furnace door is achieved by retracting and releasing the steel wire rope through the winch.
[0016] Furthermore, the inner walls of each chamber of the kiln body are paved with refractory masonry, the outer side of the refractory masonry is provided with a thermal insulation layer, and an arched top thermal insulation layer made of refractory masonry is also provided between the top of the calcining chamber and the top plate of the kiln body.
[0017] Furthermore, a plurality of high-speed burners capable of burning gas are arranged at equal intervals along the front-to-back direction on the left and right side walls of the calcining chamber, and the left and right rows of high-speed burners are arranged at different heights and are installed in an offset manner up and down. The upper and lower rows of high-speed burners are both aimed at the alumina saggers stacked on the kiln car for spraying and calcining.
[0018] Furthermore, the high-speed burner includes an inner tube and an outer tube which are coaxially sleeved, a gas inlet is provided at the outer end of the inner tube and connected to the gas pipe, an air inlet is provided on the side wall of the outer tube and connected to the air pipe, the air outlets of the inner and outer tubes are both open to the calcination chamber, and a spark plug igniter is provided on the air outlet of the high-speed burner, a gas regulating valve is provided on the gas pipe, an air regulating valve is provided on the air pipe, a gas main pipe and an air main pipe are provided on the outside of the kiln body, and the gas pipe and air pipe of each high-speed burner are correspondingly connected to the gas main pipe and the air main pipe.
[0019] Furthermore, a plurality of air blowing outlets are arranged at equal intervals in the front-to-back direction on the left side wall of the air-cooled cabin, and an air distribution hood 1 is correspondingly provided on each of the air blowing outlets, an air collecting hood is provided on the air exhaust outlet, and an air distribution hood 2 is provided on the air inlet of the preheating cabin. The air main pipe and the air blowing outlets of the air-cooled cabin are connected to an external fan through an air duct, and the external fan is used to blow air to the air main pipe and the air blowing outlets. The air main pipe is connected in series with the shell side of the shell and tube heat exchanger, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the tube side of the shell and tube heat exchanger. The air supply heating from the air main pipe to the air pipes of each high-speed burner is completed in the shell and tube heat exchanger.
[0020] The utility model also includes other components that enable it to be used normally, which are all conventional means in the field. In addition, devices or components not limited in the utility model, such as: high-speed burners, drag chains, friction curved seals, kiln cars, saggers, refractory bricks, refractory fiber felts, winches, shell-and-tube heat exchangers, external fans, etc., all adopt the existing technologies in the field.
[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
[0022] The gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder provided by the utility model can seal the kiln body as much as possible by relatively sealing and isolating the spaces above and below the kiln car, arranging isolation doors in sections inside the kiln body and inlet and outlet doors at both ends of the kiln body, thereby reducing heat loss and useless work inside the kiln body, significantly improving the thermal utilization rate of the gas-fired tunnel kiln, helping to save gas energy consumption, and reducing energy consumption costs. At the same time, hot air used to cool the calcined alumina ceramic powder and sagger is led to the front end of the kiln body to preheat the kiln car at the entrance, and the waste heat of the exhaust gas discharged after the preheating is recovered to heat the air intake of the high-speed burner, thereby solving the environmental pollution problem of large exhaust gas emission heat and better adapting to the environmental protection requirements of energy saving and emission reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the transverse structure of the gas tunnel kiln in the embodiment.
[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal structure of the gas-fired tunnel kiln along AA in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The technical solution of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all embodiments.
[0026] It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of description.
[0027] Example
[0028] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder comprises a tunnel-type kiln body 1, and a plurality of kiln cars 2 circulating in and out of the kiln body, each of the kiln cars being a rail-type kiln car, and two rails 3 are laid in a circle on the ground inside and outside the kiln body for each kiln car to travel on.
[0029] According to the travel direction of each kiln car entering and exiting the kiln body, a preheating chamber 4, a calcining chamber 5 and an air cooling chamber 6 are sequentially arranged inside the kiln body from front to back.
[0030] The kiln car comprises a kiln car chassis 7 and rail wheels 8 installed below the kiln car chassis. The kiln car chassis is rolled above the rails by the rail wheels below. A plurality of saggers 9 for containing alumina ceramic powder are stacked in an array on the kiln car chassis.
[0031] The inner walls of each compartment of the kiln body are paved with refractory masonry 10, and the outside of the refractory masonry is provided with an insulation layer 11, which is composed of refractory fiber felt and a color steel plate wrapped on the outside. In addition, a refractory arched top insulation layer 12 is also provided between the top of the calcining chamber and the top plate of the kiln body.
[0032] Sealing wing plates 13 are provided on the left and right sides of the kiln car chassis. Isolation grooves for sliding and embedding the two sealing wing plates are provided on the inner walls of the refractory masonry on the left and right sides of the kiln body from front to back. The sealing wing plates can achieve relative isolation between the space above and below the kiln car.
[0033] A sealing groove is also provided on the inner wall of the refractory masonry below the isolation groove, in which a friction curved seal 14 is embedded for sliding friction with the left and right sides of the kiln car chassis. The refractory masonry is an inner lining layer built with refractory bricks, and the friction curved seal is a refractory fiber rope fixedly embedded in the sealing groove of the refractory masonry, which helps to further improve the isolation and sealing between the top and bottom of the kiln car, minimize the heat from the top of the kiln car to the bottom of the kiln car, and improve the thermal utilization rate of the tunnel kiln.
[0034] A plurality of high-speed burners 15 capable of burning gas are arranged at equal intervals along the front-to-back direction on the left and right side walls of the calcining chamber, and the left and right rows of high-speed burners are arranged at different heights and are installed in an upper and lower offset manner. The upper and lower rows of high-speed burners are both aimed at the alumina saggers stacked on the kiln car for spraying and calcining, and are used to calcine the saggers on the kiln car chassis. A gas pipe 16 and an air pipe 17 are connected to the high-speed burners.
[0035] The high-speed burner includes an inner tube and an outer tube which are coaxially sleeved. A gas inlet is provided at the outer end of the inner tube and connected to the gas pipe. An air inlet is provided on the side wall of the outer tube and connected to the air pipe. The gas outlets of the inner and outer tubes are both open to the calcination chamber, and a spark plug igniter is provided on the gas outlet of the high-speed burner. A gas regulating valve 18 is provided on the gas pipe, and an air regulating valve 19 is provided on the air pipe. The calcination temperature can be regulated and controlled by adjusting the gas intake or air intake of each high-speed burner. A gas main pipe 20 and an air main pipe 21 are provided on the outside of the kiln body. The gas pipe and air pipe of each high-speed burner are correspondingly connected to the gas main pipe and the air main pipe.
[0036] The left side wall of the air cooling chamber is provided with an air outlet 22 for air cooling the sagger on the kiln car chassis, and the right side wall of the air cooling chamber is provided with an air exhaust port 23. The right side wall of the preheating chamber is provided with an air inlet 24, which is connected to the air exhaust port through a hot air pipe 38, and the hot air discharged from the air cooling chamber is used to preheat the sagger on the kiln car chassis. The top of the preheating chamber is provided with an exhaust pipe 25, and a tube-in-tube heat exchanger 26 is also installed on the exhaust pipe to heat the air intake of the high-speed burner.
[0037] A plurality of blowing ports are arranged at equal intervals along the front-to-back direction on the left side wall of the air-cooling chamber, and each blowing port is correspondingly provided with an air distribution hood 27, and an air collection hood 28 is provided on the air exhaust port. Each air distribution hood 1 is located at the lower part of the air-cooling chamber, and the air collection hood is located at the upper part of the air-cooling chamber. Due to the rising pressure of the hot air, the hot air moves from bottom to top. An air distribution hood 29 is provided on the air inlet of the preheating chamber, and the air distribution hood 2 is located at the lower part of the preheating chamber. The air distribution hood 2 passes through the air inlet pipe. Connected to the wind collecting hood, the air main pipe and the air outlets of the air-cooled cabin are connected to an external fan (not shown in the figure) through an air duct. The external fan is used to blow air to the air main pipe and the air outlets. The air main pipe is connected in series with the shell side of the shell and tube heat exchanger, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the tube side of the shell and tube heat exchanger. The air supply and heating from the air main pipe to the air pipes of each high-speed burner is completed in the shell and tube heat exchanger, and the waste heat recovery and cooling of the exhaust gas of the exhaust pipe of the air-cooled cabin are completed at the same time.
[0038] An annular chain track 30 is arranged between the two rails, and a circular cyclic drag chain 31 is arranged inside the chain track. The bottom of each kiln car chassis is connected to the drag chain through a connecting seat 32. A sprocket (not shown in the figure) and a driving motor (not shown in the figure) for driving the drag chain to move forward are arranged on the outer side of the kiln body. The sprocket is installed on the output end of the driving motor, and the sprocket is meshed with the drag chain for transmission, and the drag chain is driven to move forward, thereby driving multiple series-connected kiln cars to move forward.
[0039] An entrance door 33 is provided at the front end of the preheating chamber, an exit door 34 is provided at the rear end of the air-cooling chamber, and isolation doors 35 are also provided between the chambers. Each isolation door, the entrance door and the exit door are liftable furnace doors, which are composed of refractory fiber felt and steel plates wrapped on both sides thereof. A lifting mechanism for lifting each furnace door is correspondingly provided above the furnace body.
[0040] The lifting mechanism is a winch 36 mounted on the kiln body, a steel wire rope 37 is wound on the drum of the winch, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to the top of each furnace door. The lifting and lowering of the furnace door is achieved by retracting and releasing the steel wire rope by the winch. When the kiln car enters or exits, the kiln doors rise and open. When the kiln car is stationary for calcination, the kiln doors fall and close to prevent the heat of the calcination chamber from escaping to the two ends, and at the same time prevent the heat of the preheating chamber and the air-cooling chamber from escaping.
[0041] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments, many modifications and changes are obvious to ordinary technicians in this technical field. Any technical deformation made within the spirit and principles of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder, comprising a tunnel-type kiln body and a plurality of kiln cars circulating in and out of the kiln body, characterized in that: Each of the kiln cars is a rail-type kiln car. Two rails are laid in a circle on the ground inside and outside the kiln body for each kiln car to travel on. According to the travel direction of each kiln car in and out of the kiln body, the inside of the kiln body is provided with a preheating chamber, a calcining chamber and an air-cooling chamber from front to back in sequence; the kiln car comprises a kiln car chassis and rail wheels installed under the kiln car chassis. The kiln car is arranged above the rails by rolling through the rail wheels. A plurality of saggers for containing alumina ceramic powder are stacked in an array above the kiln car chassis. Sealing wing plates are arranged on the left and right sides of the kiln car chassis. Isolation grooves for sliding and embedding the two sealing wing plates are provided on the inner walls of the refractory masonry on the left and right sides of the kiln body from front to back. A sealing groove is also provided on the inner wall of the refractory masonry below the isolation groove. , a friction curved seal is embedded in the sealing groove, which slides and rubs with the left and right sides of the kiln car chassis; high-speed burners are respectively arranged on the left and right side walls of the calcining chamber for calcining the sagger on the kiln car chassis, and a gas pipe and an air pipe are connected to the high-speed burner; an air blowing port is arranged on the left side wall of the air-cooling chamber for air-cooling the sagger on the kiln car chassis, and an exhaust port is arranged on the right side wall of the air-cooling chamber; an air inlet is arranged on the right side wall of the preheating chamber, and the air inlet is connected to the exhaust port through a hot air pipe, and the hot air discharged from the air-cooling chamber is used to preheat the sagger on the kiln car chassis, and an exhaust pipe is arranged on the top of the preheating chamber, and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is also installed on the exhaust pipe for heating the air intake of the high-speed burner.
2. The gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular chain track is arranged between the two rails, and a circular cyclic drag chain is arranged inside the chain track. The bottom of each kiln car chassis is connected to the drag chain through a connecting seat, and a sprocket and a driving motor for driving the drag chain are arranged on the outside of the kiln body.
3. The gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: An entrance door is arranged at the front end of the preheating chamber, an exit door is arranged at the rear end of the air-cooling chamber, and isolation doors are arranged between the chambers. Each isolation door, the entrance door and the exit door are liftable furnace doors, and a lifting mechanism for lifting each furnace door is arranged above the furnace body.
4. The gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism is a winch, a steel wire rope is wound around the drum of the winch, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected to the top of each furnace door.
5. The gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of each chamber of the kiln body are paved with refractory masonry, and the outer side of the refractory masonry is provided with a thermal insulation layer, and an arched top thermal insulation layer made of refractory masonry is also provided between the top of the calcining chamber and the top plate of the kiln body.
6. The gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of high-speed burners for burning gas are respectively arranged on the left and right side walls of the calcining chamber along the front-rear direction, and the left and right rows of high-speed burners are arranged at different heights and are installed in an up-and-down staggered manner.
7. The gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high-speed burner includes an inner tube and an outer tube which are coaxially interlayered. A gas inlet is arranged at the outer end of the inner tube, and an air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the outer tube. The air outlets of the inner and outer tubes are both open toward the calcining chamber, and a spark plug igniter is arranged on the air outlet of the high-speed burner. A gas regulating valve is arranged on the gas pipe, and an air regulating valve is arranged on the air pipe. A gas main pipe and an air main pipe are arranged on the outside of the kiln body, and the gas pipe and air pipe of each high-speed burner are correspondingly connected to the gas main pipe and the air main pipe.
8. The gas-fired tunnel kiln for calcining alumina ceramic powder according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of air outlets are arranged on the left side wall of the air-cooled cabin in the front-to-back direction, each of the air outlets is correspondingly provided with an air distribution hood 1, the air exhaust outlet is provided with an air collecting hood, and the air inlet of the preheating cabin is provided with an air distribution hood 2, the air main pipe and the air outlets of the air-cooled cabin are connected to an external fan, the air main pipe is connected in series with the shell side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the tube side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger.